CN112679513B - Method for preparing key intermediate of koji Bei Ti - Google Patents
Method for preparing key intermediate of koji Bei Ti Download PDFInfo
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- CN112679513B CN112679513B CN201910992881.2A CN201910992881A CN112679513B CN 112679513 B CN112679513 B CN 112679513B CN 201910992881 A CN201910992881 A CN 201910992881A CN 112679513 B CN112679513 B CN 112679513B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for preparing a key intermediate of the koji Bei Ti, which converts byproducts generated in the reaction process into target products by fully utilizing the byproducts, thereby remarkably improving the overall yield of starting materials, greatly saving the material cost and fully utilizing rare starting materials.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a synthesis method of a key intermediate for preparing a drug for treating advanced soft tissue sarcoma, namely, qu Bei Ti, and belongs to the field of drug synthesis.
Background
Trabectedin (trade name Yondelis), developed by the pharmaceutical company of prednisone, is a natural product isolated from the marine organism mangrove sea squirt (Ecteinascidia turbinata), but in very low amounts, only 10 -6 ～10 -7 % w/w. Qu Bei is replaced by a rare drug for soft tissue sarcoma in 2001, and is the first modern marine drug. In 2004, it was listed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as a rare agent for soft tissue sarcoma, which has been designated in europe and america as an orphan agent for the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia, soft tissue sarcoma, and ovarian cancer.
J.am.chem.soc.,2006,128 (1), 87-89, wo 200306638, etc. disclose a total synthesis of trabectedin, the following compound NT02a being a key intermediate for the preparation of trabectedin:
WO2003066638 discloses a process for preparing compound 2 from compound 1 by reacting compound 1 with sodium nitrite and aqueous acetic acid, extracting with dichloromethane after the reaction, drying over sodium sulfate, concentrating to dryness, dissolving the crude product in methanol, adding 1M sodium hydroxide, diluting with ethyl acetate, extracting with ethyl acetate, and then purifying with flash column chromatography (SiO 2 Hex: exOAc from 3:1 to 2:1 gradient) in 46% yield.
Journal of Organic Chemistry,68 (23), 8859-8866;2003 discloses that NT01a is reacted with sodium nitrite in the presence of methylene chloride as a solvent to produce NT02a in a 50% yield.
The prior art only discloses that the compound NT01a is separated to obtain a target product NT02a after diazotization reaction and hydrolysis reaction; the yield is generally low, and the diazotization reaction has increased potential safety hazard and is not suitable for industrial large-scale application.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a novel method for preparing NT02a from NT01a, which remarkably improves the utilization rate of the NT01a, improves the overall yield of the NT01a to the NT02a, and greatly saves the production cost.
Specifically, the invention provides a preparation method of a compound NT028b08, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Reacting the compound NT01a with nitrite under acidic conditions, and separating the compound NT02a from the compound NT02b after the reaction is completed:
(2) Selectively removing propenyl of the compound NT02b, converting into the compound NT03b:
(3) The alkenyl group of compound NT03b is converted to compound NT04b by an addition reaction:
(4) Reacting the compound NT04b under alkaline conditions to convert to the compound NT02a enriched in single isomers:
in the above method, wherein the acidic condition in step (1) is acetic acid buffer, or phosphate buffer, and the phosphate is sodium dihydrogen phosphate or potassium dihydrogen phosphate; the reaction solvent is water and methylene dichloride, wherein the volume ratio of the water to the methylene dichloride is 1:1.5 to 1, the molar equivalent ratio of sodium nitrite to NT01a is 3 to 5:1; after the reaction is finished, separating and purifying to obtain NT02a and NT02b respectively, wherein the separating and purifying method is silica gel column chromatography, and the eluent is ethyl acetate/dichloromethane/petroleum ether mixed solution gradient elution: 1/1/10 to 1/1/2.
Step (2) under acidic conditions, the compound NT02b was reacted with Pd (PPh 3 ) 4 And pyrrole or ditriphenylphosphine palladium dichloride and tri-n-butyl tin hydroxide, and selectively removing propenyl to obtain the compound NT03b.
Step (3) dissolving compound NT03b in diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, reacting with borane, and then reacting with NaOH and H 2 O 2 Reaction to convert the compound into a compound NT04b, wherein the borane is BH 3 Tetrahydrofuran, BH 3 /SMe 2 Or 9-BBN.
The reaction solution in the step (4) is acetone, the compound NT04b reacts with allyl bromide and alkali, the compound NT02a is obtained by separation, and the alkali is sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate or cesium carbonate.
In another more preferred embodiment, the process for preparing compound NT02a from compound NT01a can be represented by the following route:
in a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for preparing koji Bei Ti, comprising: step (1), preparing a compound NT02a by any one of the methods of the present invention, and step (2), preparing trabectedin using the compound NT02a obtained in step (1) as an intermediate.
In a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a composition comprising compound NT02a and compound NT02b, wherein the weight ratio of compound NT02a to compound NT02b is not less than 30:10, preferably not less than 50:20; further preferably, the composition is prepared by the reaction of compound NT01a with sodium nitrite and acetic acid in a mixed solution of dichloromethane and water.
The compound NT02a is an important intermediate for preparing the trabectedin, and is mainly prepared by the compound NT01a, the yield of the compound NT02a directly prepared by the compound NT01a is generally low in the actual production process, about 45-50%, and the inventor finds that the yield of the compound NT02a prepared by the compound NT01a is difficult to directly improve through a large amount of experimental researches and process optimization; in the research process, the inventor unexpectedly separates a new compound, the structure of the compound is identified as a compound NT02b, and on the basis of the structure, the inventor performs a great deal of work, further research discovers that the compound NT02b is a byproduct generated in the reaction process of converting the compound NT01a into the compound NT02a, for example, the byproduct can be even up to 20%, and further develops a method for preparing the NT02a from the compound NT02b, thereby remarkably improving the overall yield of preparing the compound NT02a from the compound NT01a and fully utilizing rare raw materials NT01a; the conversion rate is improved to more than 60% from 45% to 50%.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENT (S) OF INVENTION
The technical solution of the present invention is further explained below with reference to the specific embodiments, and it should be understood that the following specific embodiments are only for explaining the technical solution and the beneficial effects of the present invention, and should not be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1: preparation of compounds NT02a and NT02b from compound NT01 a:
NT01a (11 g, 21.2 mmol) was dissolved in a mixed solution of 200 ml of water and 200 ml of methylene chloride, the reaction solution was cooled to 0℃and sodium nitrite (7.0 g, 101.8 mmol) and 10 ml of glacial acetic acid were added thereto. The reaction mixture was then stirred at 0 ℃ for an additional 10 hours and then checked by TLC. After the reaction was completed, 300 ml of methylene chloride was added, the mixture was stirred and left standing, the separated solution was obtained, the organic phase was washed with 100 ml of water, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and the filtrate was concentrated, and the crude product was subjected to silica gel column chromatography (eluent: ethyl acetate/methylene chloride/petroleum ether mixed solution gradient elution: 1/1/10 to 1/1/2) to obtain 5.58 g of product NT02a, a yield of 50.6%, and simultaneously 2.18 g of product NT02b, a yield of 20.5%.
Example 2: preparation of compound NT03b
NT02b (5.1 g, 10.2 mmol) was dissolved in 50 ml of dichloromethane and stirred at room temperature, 24 ℃ to which ditriphenylphospholpalladium dichloride (0.58 g, 0.82 mmol) and glacial acetic acid (2.9 ml, 51.0 mmol) were added. Trin-butyl tin hydroxide (9.6 ml, 35.7 mmol) was then added dropwise to the reaction system. The reaction mixture was checked by TLC after stirring for 1 hour at 24 ℃. After the reaction is completed, 30 ml of water is added for quenching, stirring and standing are carried out, liquid separation is carried out, the aqueous phase is extracted twice by 50 ml of dichloromethane, the combined organic phases are dried by anhydrous sodium sulfate, the filtrate is concentrated after filtration, and the crude product is subjected to silica gel column chromatography (eluent: ethyl acetate/petroleum ether mixed solution gradient elution: 1/4 to 1/2) to obtain 4.30 g of product NT03b, and the yield is 91.4%.
Example 3: preparation of Compound NT04b
NT03b (4.2 g, 9.1 mmol) was dissolved in 30 ml of diethylene glycol dimethyl ether under nitrogen atmosphere, stirred at room temperature, 23℃and 1M BH was added dropwise thereto over 15 minutes 3 Tetrahydrofuran (10 ml, 10.0 mmol). The reaction was stirred at room temperature for 16 hours. After the TLC detection reaction is completed, the reaction temperature is cooled to 0 ℃,15 ml of 4N sodium hydroxide solution is added dropwise, then 2 ml of 30% hydrogen peroxide is added, and the reaction is stirred for 5 hours. After completion of TLC detection, the reaction mixture was allowed to stand to separate, the aqueous phase was extracted twice with 50 ml of methyl tertiary ether, the combined organic phases were dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered and concentratedThe filtrate was subjected to silica gel column chromatography (eluent: ethyl acetate/petroleum ether mixed solution gradient elution: 1/3 to 1/1) to give 3.91 g of NT04b as a product in 89.6% yield.
Example 4: preparation of compound NT02a
NT04b (10.5 g, 21.9 mmol) was dissolved in 80 ml acetone, cesium carbonate (7.8 g, 24.1 mmol) was added with stirring followed by allyl bromide (1.99 ml, 23 mmol) dropwise. The reaction was stirred at room temperature, 23℃for 16 hours. After the TLC detection reaction is completed, cesium carbonate is removed by filtration, the filtrate is concentrated after filtration, and the crude product is subjected to silica gel column chromatography (eluent: ethyl acetate/petroleum ether mixed solution gradient elution: 1/5 to 1/2) to obtain 10.3 g of product NT02a, and the yield is 90.5%. The resulting product was recrystallized from ethyl acetate/petroleum ether to give 7.92 g of isomerically removed product NT02b in 69.6% yield.
Example 5: preparation of compounds NT02a and NT02b from compound NT01 a:
NT01a (11 g, 21.2 mmol) was dissolved in a mixed solution of 200 ml of water and 300 ml of methylene chloride, the reaction solution was cooled to-5℃to 0℃and sodium nitrite (4.4 g, 63.6 mmol) and 10 ml of sodium dihydrogen phosphate were added thereto. The reaction mixture was then stirred continuously at-5℃to 0℃and checked by TLC. After the reaction was completed, 300 ml of methylene chloride was added, the mixture was stirred and left standing, the separated solution was obtained, the organic phase was washed with 100 ml of water, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and the filtrate was concentrated, and the crude product was subjected to silica gel column chromatography (eluent: ethyl acetate/methylene chloride/petroleum ether mixed solution gradient elution: 1/1/10 to 1/1/2) to obtain 5.53 g of product NT02a, a yield of 50.2%, and simultaneously, 2.35 g of product NT02b was obtained, a yield of 22.1%.
Example 6: preparation of compound NT03b
NT02b (10.2 g, 20.4 mmol) was dissolved in 100 ml of dichloromethane and stirred at room temperature, 24℃to which Pd (PPh) was added 3 ) 4 (1.6 mmol) and glacial acetic acid (5.8 ml, 102.0 mmol). Pyrrole (72 mmol) was then added dropwise to the reaction system. The reaction mixture was stirred continuously at 24℃and after completion of the reaction by TLC, 60 ml of water was added, the mixture was stirred and allowed to stand, the aqueous phase was separated, extracted twice with 100 ml of methylene chloride, the combined organic phases were dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, the filtrate was concentrated after filtration, and the crude product was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (eluent: ethyl acetate/petroleum ether mixed solution gradient elution: 1/4 to 1/2) to give 8.7 g of NT03b as a product in 92.5%.
Example 7: preparation of Compound NT04b
NT03b (4.2 g, 9.1 mmol) was dissolved in 30 ml of diethylene glycol dimethyl ether under nitrogen atmosphere, stirred at room temperature, 23℃and 1M BH was added dropwise thereto over 15 minutes 3 Dimethyl sulfide (11.0 mmol), the reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature, cooled to 0 ℃ after completion of the TLC detection, and then added dropwise with 15 ml of 4N sodium hydroxide solution, followed by 2 ml of 30% hydrogen peroxide, and stirred for 5 hours. After completion of TLC detection, the reaction mixture was left to stand for separation, the aqueous phase was extracted twice with 50 ml of methyl tertiary ether, the combined organic phases were dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, the filtrate was concentrated after filtration, and the crude product was subjected to silica gel column chromatography (eluent: ethyl acetate/petroleum ether mixed solution gradient elution: 1/3 to 1/1) to give 3.71 g of product NT04b in 85.1% yield.
Claims (8)
1. A method for preparing compound NT02a from compound NT01a, comprising the steps of:
(1) Reacting the compound NT01a with nitrite under acidic conditions, and separating the compound NT02a from the compound NT02b after the reaction is completed:
(2) Selectively removing propenyl of the compound NT02b, converting into the compound NT03b:
(3) The alkenyl group of compound NT03b is converted to compound NT04b by an addition reaction:
(4) Reacting the compound NT04b under alkaline conditions to convert to the compound NT02a enriched in single isomers:
2. the method of claim 1, wherein the acidic condition of step (1) is acetic acid buffer, or phosphate buffer, and the phosphate is sodium dihydrogen phosphate or potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
3. The process of claim 1 wherein the reaction solvent of step (1) is water and methylene chloride, wherein the volume ratio of water to methylene chloride is 1:1.5 to 1, and the molar equivalent ratio of sodium nitrite to NT01a is 3 to 5:1.
4. the method of claim 1, wherein after the reaction in step (1) is finished, separating and purifying to obtain NT02a and NT02b respectively, wherein the separating and purifying method is silica gel column chromatography, and the eluent is ethyl acetate/dichloromethane/petroleum ether mixed solution gradient elution: 1/1/10 to 1/1/2.
5. The process according to claim 1, wherein step (2) is carried out under acidic conditions by reacting the compound NT02b with Pd (PPh 3 ) 4 And pyrrole or ditriphenylphosphine palladium dichloride and tri-n-butyl tin hydroxide, and selectively removing propenyl to obtain the compound NT03b.
6. The process according to claim 1, wherein step (3) consists in dissolving the compound NT03b in diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, reacting with borane, then with NaOH and H 2 O 2 Reaction to convert the compound into a compound NT04b, wherein the borane is BH 3 Tetrahydrofuran, BH 3 /SMe 2 Or 9-BBN.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the reaction solution in step (4) is acetone, the compound NT04b is reacted with allyl bromide and a base, and the base is sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate or cesium carbonate, and the compound NT02a is isolated.
8. A process for producing koji Bei Ti, which comprises (1) producing a compound NT02a by the process according to any one of claims 1 to 7 and (2) producing trabectedin using the compound NT02a obtained in step (1) as an intermediate.
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1436193A (en) * | 2000-04-12 | 2003-08-13 | 法马马有限公司 | Antitumoral ecteinascidin derivs |
| CN1646539A (en) * | 2002-02-04 | 2005-07-27 | 马尔药品公司 | The synthesis of naturally occuring ecteinascidins and related compounds |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1436193A (en) * | 2000-04-12 | 2003-08-13 | 法马马有限公司 | Antitumoral ecteinascidin derivs |
| CN1646539A (en) * | 2002-02-04 | 2005-07-27 | 马尔药品公司 | The synthesis of naturally occuring ecteinascidins and related compounds |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| Cuevas, Carmen etal.Synthesis of Ecteinascidin ET-743 and Phthalascidin Pt-650 from Cyanosafracin B.《Organic Letters》.2001,2545-2548. * |
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