CN112678145B - Nozzle device, windshield cleaning system, and control method thereof - Google Patents

Nozzle device, windshield cleaning system, and control method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112678145B
CN112678145B CN202110040897.0A CN202110040897A CN112678145B CN 112678145 B CN112678145 B CN 112678145B CN 202110040897 A CN202110040897 A CN 202110040897A CN 112678145 B CN112678145 B CN 112678145B
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piston
nozzle
stop
windshield
cylinder
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CN112678145A (en
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丁媛媛
曾飞雄
白斌
谭正文
任哲钒
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Commercial Aircraft Corp of China Ltd
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Commercial Aircraft Corp of China Ltd
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Abstract

The present invention relates to a nozzle device comprising a cylinder having a side opening, a first stop fixed to the cylinder and a second stop, wherein the first stop can partially block the side opening; a piston capable of partially closing the side opening in a retracted state; a piston rod; a nozzle attached to the piston rod, wherein the length of the piston rod is arranged such that the nozzle is extendable from the second end of the cylinder in the retracted state of the piston. The device can adjust the spraying distance and speed of the cleaning liquid according to the flight state and speed of the aircraft, and the problem that the spraying speed and area of the cleaning liquid in the prior art are influenced by air flow is solved; the problems of blurred vision of the windshield, corresponding damage of the windshield wiper and the like caused by dry brushing of the windshield wiper on the surface of the windshield are avoided. The invention also relates to a windshield cleaning system comprising the nozzle device and a control method of the windshield cleaning system.

Description

Nozzle device, windshield cleaning system, and control method thereof
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a nozzle device and a windshield washer system including the nozzle device for enabling adjustment of a washer pattern associated with washer fluid spray distance and speed based on aircraft flight status and speed.
The invention also relates to a control method of the windshield cleaning system.
Background
A schematic of the structure of a windshield cleaning system currently used on civil aircraft is shown in fig. 1. As shown in fig. 1, the system generally includes a control panel, wiper and washing system controller, washing liquid pump, washing liquid tank, motor and wiper, etc. When an aircraft windshield cleaning system is required to operate, the pilot may first press a button of the control panel to activate the washer fluid pump and the wiper actuator in sequence, the washer fluid pump pumps washer fluid to a nozzle of the windshield cleaning system, sprays washer fluid through the nozzle onto the windshield surface, and then the wiper moves across the windshield surface accordingly to wash the windshield surface, thereby maintaining the pilot's visibility range on the windshield surface clear at all times. However, current cleaning systems for civilian aircraft are not capable of varying the cleaning liquid velocity and spray range at the nozzle outlet depending on the flight conditions such as altitude and speed of the aircraft. If the flying speed of the aircraft is high in the stage of taxiing, taking off, landing or landing, the cleaning liquid sprayed out through the nozzle is easily influenced by the airflow, so that the sprayed cleaning liquid cannot cover the wiping range of the windshield wiper, and the wiper blade is caused to dry brush on the surface of the windshield, thereby influencing the cleaning effect of the surface of the windshield. This may affect, on the one hand, safety during pilot maneuvering of the aircraft and, on the other hand, may cause damage to the windshield surface or shorten the wiper blade life, thereby increasing maintenance costs of the aircraft.
Accordingly, there is a strong need for a nozzle device and windshield cleaning system that overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
It is an object of the present invention to provide a telescopic nozzle device, and another object of the present invention is to propose a windshield cleaning system comprising such a nozzle device and a control method thereof.
According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a nozzle device comprising: a cylinder having a closed first end, a second end, and a side opening to an internal cavity of the cylinder, and having a first stop and a second stop secured to the cylinder, wherein the first stop is proximate the first end and partially blocks the side opening, and the second stop is secured between the side opening and the second end proximate the second end; a piston reciprocally movable in an axial direction of the cylinder between a retracted state near the first stopper and an extended state near the second stopper, wherein the piston partially closes the side opening in the retracted state; a piston rod passing through the second stopper, and having a through opening in an axial direction in the middle of the piston rod and the piston; and a nozzle attached to an end of the piston rod remote from the piston and in fluid communication with the through opening, wherein the length of the piston rod is arranged such that the nozzle is extendable from the second end of the cylinder in the retracted state of the piston.
In this way, the piston can be moved axially, and the size of the side opening can be adjusted, so that the flow rate of the cleaning liquid entering the cylinder and the extension length of the nozzle can be adjusted, and the ejection range and the ejection speed or the ejection flow rate of the cleaning liquid can be adjusted as required. The cleaning liquid spraying distance and flow rate can be adjusted according to the flight state and/or the flight speed of the aircraft, so that the situation that the wiper blade is dry brushed on the windshield surface when the sprayed cleaning liquid cannot cover the windshield surface to be scraped is eliminated.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the nozzle device may further comprise a pump tank assembly comprising a cleaning liquid tank for containing cleaning liquid and a cleaning liquid pump for pumping the cleaning liquid, and the cleaning liquid pump pumps the cleaning liquid into the internal cavity via the side opening of the cylinder, so that the piston can be controlled to move towards the extended state by means of the pump tank assembly.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the nozzle device may further comprise a return element which may be arranged between the piston and the second stop and which in the extended state exerts an axial force towards the piston. In this way, it is possible to restore to the original state, i.e., the retracted state of the piston, by means of the restoring force of the restoring element such as a spring when the nozzle device is not in operation.
According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the side opening may be formed as a stepped opening, wherein the opening of the large diameter portion is provided close to the inner cavity, and wherein in the retracted state of the piston, an upper edge of the opening of the large diameter portion does not exceed an end face of the piston remote from the first end of the cylinder. Through the step-shaped opening arrangement, the flow rate of the cleaning liquid entering the inner cavity can be increased, and meanwhile the cleaning liquid cannot leak.
According to this aspect of the invention, the first stop and/or the second stop may preferably be formed in the form of an annular ring that snaps onto the inner surface of the cylinder. Through the inside with annular circle block to the cylinder body for backstop simple structure is reliable, and easy processing and installation.
According to the above aspect of the present invention, preferably, the nozzle device may further include a first inner cylinder fixed in the inner cavity against the first stopper and a second inner cylinder fixed in the inner cavity against the second stopper, so that the stopper structure is more reliable and has been machined and installed.
According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the second stop may have a central opening with an inner diameter equal to the outer diameter of the piston rod. In this way, through the form fit of the central opening and the piston rod, it is possible to help avoid spillage of the cleaning liquid and prevent external dust from entering the internal cavity of the cylinder.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a windshield cleaning system comprising: a nozzle device as described in the above aspect; a wiper blade movable about the pivot point, and a cleaning member of the wiper blade abutting the windshield; a motor coupled to the wiper and driving the wiper to reciprocate about the pivot point; a controller controlling operations of the wiper, the motor and the nozzle device; the control panel sends an operation instruction to the controller; and a sensor that senses the atmospheric data and transmits the sensed atmospheric data to the controller.
The windshield washer system is capable of adjusting the output power of the nozzle assembly based on the atmospheric data to adapt the washer system to various flight conditions.
Preferably, the nozzle device, the wiper, the motor, the controller, the control panel and the sensor are provided in pairs, respectively, and a linkage module is provided between the pairs of controllers so that the pairs of wiper and nozzle devices of the windshield washing system cooperate. The left windshield and the right windshield of the aircraft are provided with the windshield cleaning system, so that the cleaning function which can be adjusted according to the flight condition is better realized.
According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the wash liquid pump may comprise a variable flow pump or a variable speed pump in order to better regulate the flow of the cleaning liquid into the internal cavity of the cylinder. Also, a solenoid valve may be provided between the wash liquid pump and the side opening, the solenoid valve being connected to a controller that controls the opening degree of the solenoid valve based on sensed atmospheric data so as to adjust the output power of the nozzle device through the solenoid valve, thereby more conveniently and accurately adjusting the injection range or injection amount of the cleaning liquid.
According to another aspect of the invention, there is also provided a control method of controlling the windshield washing system of the above aspect, wherein the windshield washing system is capable of adjusting the output power or spray range of the nozzle device based on sensed atmospheric data and/or flight status data from the avionics system of the aircraft.
Therefore, the telescopic nozzle device can adjust the spraying distance and speed of the cleaning liquid according to the flight state and speed of the aircraft, eliminates the condition that the wiper blade is dry brushed on the surface of the windshield when the wiping range of the windshield wiper cannot be covered by the spraying range of the cleaning liquid, meets the use requirement and achieves the preset purpose.
In addition, since the controller of the windshield washer system is capable of receiving aircraft flight status data from the avionics network, the current aircraft flight speed and altitude can be determined from the flight data, and the system controller is capable of sending signals to the windshield washer system to control the output power and extension range of the nozzle assembly so as to control the output speed/flow rate of washer fluid and the spray range of washer fluid according to different flight statuses.
And, since the side opening (cleaning liquid inlet) of the nozzle device according to the present invention can increase the inflow area of the cleaning liquid while the piston moves upward (i.e., moves from the retracted state toward the extended state of the nozzle), when the liquid input speed is increased, the upper and lower pressure differences of the piston unevenly push the piston upward to bring the cleaning liquid nozzle into the extended state, at this time, the spray area of the windshield of the aircraft to be scraped covered by the cleaning liquid sprayed through the nozzle is increased, the problems of the air flow influence on the spray speed and area of the cleaning liquid existing in the prior art are eliminated, the problems of blurred vision of the windshield caused by dry brushing of the windshield wiper on the surface of the windshield, the corresponding damage of the windshield wiper, etc. are avoided, the flying safety of the aircraft is ensured, and the maintenance and maintenance costs of the aircraft are reduced.
Drawings
For a further clear description of the nozzle device according to the invention and of a windscreen washing system comprising the same, the invention will be explained in detail below with reference to the drawings and to the detailed description, wherein:
FIG. 1 is an illustrative schematic diagram showing a prior art windshield washing system including a nozzle assembly;
FIG. 2 is an illustrative schematic view of a nozzle arrangement according to a non-limiting embodiment of the invention, wherein the nozzle is in a retracted state;
FIG. 3 is an illustrative schematic view of a nozzle arrangement according to a non-limiting embodiment of the invention, wherein the nozzle is in an extended state; and
FIG. 4 is an illustrative schematic drawing showing a windshield cleaning system according to a non-limiting embodiment of the invention, the windshield cleaning system including a nozzle apparatus according to the invention.
Detailed Description
It is to be understood that the invention may assume various alternative orientations and step sequences, except where expressly specified to the contrary. It should be further understood that the specific devices illustrated in the accompanying drawings and described in the specification are simply exemplary embodiments of the inventive concepts disclosed and defined herein. Thus, unless explicitly stated otherwise, the particular flow paths, directions, or other physical characteristics to which the various embodiments disclosed relate should not be considered limiting.
The nozzle device 10 and windshield washing system 100 including the same of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 2 and 3 show illustrative schematic views of a nozzle arrangement 10 according to a non-limiting embodiment of the invention, respectively, wherein the nozzle 4 in fig. 2 is in a retracted state and the nozzle 4 in fig. 3 is in an extended state.
As shown, the nozzle device 10 may be constructed substantially of: a cylinder 1, a piston 2, a piston rod 3, a nozzle 4 and a pump tank assembly 5.
As is known in the art, the cylinder 1 has a closed first end 101, a second end 102 and a side opening 103 opening into the interior cavity of the cylinder in which the piston 2 can fit for reciprocal movement along the axial direction of the cylinder 1 (i.e. the direction of extension from the first end 101 to the second end 102).
The nozzle device 10 may further comprise a first stop 6 and a second stop 7 fixed to the internal cavity of the cylinder 1, wherein the first stop 6 is close to the first end 101 and partially blocks the side opening 103, and the second stop 7 is fixed between the side opening 103 and the second end 102 close to the second end 102, so that a movable space in which the piston 2 can reciprocate is defined between the two stops 6, 7.
As shown, the first and second stoppers 6 and 7 may be formed in the form of annular rings engaged to the inner surface of the cylinder 1, and at this time, the inner surface of the cylinder 1 may be correspondingly formed with corresponding grooves (not shown). In this case, the nozzle device 10 may further include a first inner cylinder 601 and a second inner cylinder 701, the first inner cylinder 601 being fixed in the inner cavity against the first stopper 6, and the second inner cylinder 701 being fixed in the inner cavity against the second stopper 7, thereby more effectively and reliably defining the movement range of the piston 2. The first and second stoppers 6 and 7 and the first and second inner cylinders 601 and 701 may be manufactured separately from the cylinder 1 and then assembled together, for example, by bonding or welding, etc., and may be the same or different materials, for example, various polymer materials, various metals, alloys thereof, etc., as known in the art. Or they may be integrally formed, such as by various methods known in the art, such as molding or machining.
Of course, alternatively, the first stop 6 and the second stop 7 may be shaped in the form of bosses, shoulders or stop pins, as long as they are able to reliably limit the range of movement of the piston 2 within the internal cavity of the cylinder 1.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the second stop 7 may have a centrally arranged central opening, the inner diameter of which may be equal to the outer diameter of the piston rod 3.
When the piston 2 reciprocates between the two stops 6, 7, the invention provides that the state of the piston 2 close to the first stop 6 is a retracted state and the state of the piston 2 close to the second stop 7 is an extended state, wherein the piston 2 partially closes the side opening 103 in the retracted state. According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the side opening 103 may be formed as a stepped opening, wherein the opening of the large diameter portion (i.e., the larger diameter portion of the stepped opening) is provided close to the inner cavity, and wherein in the retracted state of the piston 2, the upper edge of the opening of the large diameter portion does not exceed the end face of the piston 2 remote from the first end 101 of the cylinder 1.
It will be appreciated that according to the invention, in the normal case, the retracted state is the initial state of the nozzle device 10, at which time the piston 2 partially closes the side opening 103, as described above.
By "partially closed" is meant here that the side of the piston 2 in contact with the cylinder 1 partly, but not completely, blocks the side opening 103. Structurally, the fixed position of the first stopper 6 in the cylinder 1 is the position where the side opening 103 of the cylinder is located.
One end of the piston rod 3 is attached to the piston 2, while the other end thereof passes through the second stopper 7, and the intermediate of the piston rod 3 and the piston 2 has a through opening 9 in the axial direction;
As used herein, the "axial direction" is the direction in which the piston 2 moves within the cylinder 1, or the direction in which the piston rod 3 extends.
The nozzle 4 is attached to the end of the piston rod 3 remote from the piston 2 and is in fluid communication with the through opening 9. So that the cleaning liquid 501 can reach the nozzle 4 through the through opening 9 and be sprayed through the nozzle 4 to the windshield surface.
The pump tank assembly 5 includes a cleaning liquid tank for containing the cleaning liquid 501 and a cleaning liquid pump for pumping the cleaning liquid 501, and the cleaning liquid pump pumps the cleaning liquid into the internal cavity via the side opening 103 of the cylinder 1. The cleaning solution tank and the cleaning solution pump used herein may be any type of tank and pump known in the art and they are attached together in a connection known in the art so as to pump the cleaning solution stored in the cleaning solution tank into the internal cavity of the cylinder 1. Preferably, however, for the purposes of the present invention, the washer fluid pump may be a variable flow pump or a variable speed pump to more conveniently and effectively regulate the flow of the pumped washer fluid as desired.
The length of the piston rod 3 is set such that the nozzle 4 can extend from the second end 102 of the cylinder 1 in the retracted state of the piston 2. In this way, even if the nozzle 4 is in the initial retracted state of the piston 2, it is ensured that the nozzle is able to function properly, it is clear that the nozzle 4 in the extended state also protrudes from the second end 102 of the cylinder 1 and increases the injection range.
As is apparent from the above-described structure, when the cleaning liquid 501 is pumped into the internal cavity of the cylinder 1 via the pump tank assembly 5, the cleaning liquid 501 will push the piston 2, the piston rod 3, and the nozzle 4 attached to the piston rod 3 from the retracted state toward the extended state due to the difference in pressure difference between the upper and lower ends of the piston 2, and the nozzle liquid inlet (i.e., the side opening 103) can increase the cleaning liquid inflow section with the movement of the piston 2, thereby achieving the purpose of increasing the flow rate and increasing the nozzle outlet flow velocity. At the same time, the length of the nozzle 4 which is stretched out by the liquid pressure is lengthened, thereby increasing the spraying range of the cleaning liquid.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the nozzle device 10 may further comprise a return element 8, such as a spring, which return element 8 is arranged between the piston 2 and the second stop 7 and which in the extended state exerts an axial restoring force towards the piston 2. The return element 8 serves to return the piston 2 to the retracted state by the action of a restoring force such as a spring force without increasing the ejection range of the nozzle 4. Although the return element 8 is shown in the example of the invention in the form of an extension/compression spring, the return element 8 may be a torsion spring or any return element known in the art, provided that it is capable of pushing the piston 2 back into the retracted state.
Fig. 4 is an illustrative schematic diagram showing a windshield washing system 100 according to a non-limiting embodiment of the invention, which windshield washing system 100 may include a nozzle apparatus 10 according to the invention.
As schematically shown in fig. 4, the windshield washing system 100 may further include: wiper 20, motor 30, controller 40, control panel 50 and sensor 60.
As is known in the art, the wiper 20 is capable of reciprocating about a pivot point, and a cleaning component (e.g., a wiper blade) of the wiper 20 may be attached to an outer surface of a windshield (e.g., a windshield, etc.) so as to reciprocally wipe the outer surface. The motor 30 may be coupled to the wiper 20 and drive the wiper to reciprocate (or oscillate) about a pivot point. The controller 40 may control the operation of the wiper 20, the motor 30, and the nozzle device 10. The control panel 50 may receive action instructions from the pilot and send operational commands to the controller 40; and the sensor 60 may sense the atmospheric data and transmit the sensed atmospheric data to the controller 40. In this way, the nozzle device output power is adjusted by the atmospheric data sensed by the sensor 60 so that the purging system can be adapted to various flight conditions.
As shown in fig. 4, the nozzle device 10, the wiper 20, the motor 30, the controller 40, the control panel 50 and the sensor 60 are typically provided in 2 pieces (provided in pairs), respectively, and a linkage module may be provided between the pairs of controllers 40 so that the pairs of the wiper 20 and the nozzle device 10 of the windshield washing system cooperate in an optimal operation mode.
However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the number of the nozzle device 10, the wiper 20, the motor 30, the controller 40, the control panel 50, and the sensor 60 of the windshield washing system 100 may be set as needed to correspond to the number of front windshields of the aircraft, for example, may be set as a non-paired number of 1, 3, or 5, respectively, and the like.
Preferably, according to the present invention, the wash liquid pump may further include a variable flow valve, or a solenoid valve may be provided between the wash liquid pump and the side opening 103, and the solenoid valve is connected to the controller 40, and the controller 40 may control the opening degree of the solenoid valve based on sensed atmospheric data (associated with the flying height and flying speed of the aircraft), thereby further more precisely and conveniently controlling the spray range of the nozzle 4 and the flow rate of the sprayed cleaning liquid.
The windshield cleaning system 100 according to the present invention can adjust the output power or spray range of the nozzle device 10 based on sensed atmospheric data and/or flight status data from the avionics system of the aircraft. The system can adjust the spraying distance, the spraying speed and/or the spraying flow of the cleaning liquid according to the flight state and the speed of the aircraft, and solves the problem that the wiper blade is dry brushed on the surface of the windshield when the wiper cannot be covered by the sprayed cleaning liquid.
In view of the above, the nozzle device 10 and the windshield washing system 100 including the nozzle device 10 according to the embodiments of the present invention overcome the disadvantages of the prior art and achieve the intended objects.
While the nozzle assembly and windshield washing system including the nozzle assembly of the present invention have been described above in connection with preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that the foregoing examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to be limiting. Accordingly, the present invention may be variously modified and changed within the spirit of the claims, and all such modifications and changes are intended to fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A nozzle arrangement (10), characterized in that it comprises:
-a cylinder (1) having a closed first end (101), a second end (102) and a side opening (103) opening into an internal cavity of the cylinder, and having a first stop (6) and a second stop (7) fixed to the cylinder (1), wherein the first stop is close to the first end and partially blocks the side opening, and the second stop is fixed between the side opening and the second end close to the second end;
-a piston (2) reciprocally movable along an axial direction of the cylinder (1) between a retracted state close to the first stop (6) and an extended state close to the second stop (7), wherein the piston partially closes the side opening in the retracted state;
-a piston rod (3) passing through the second stop (7) and having a through opening (9) in axial direction in the middle of the piston rod and the piston; and
-A nozzle (4) attached to an end of the piston rod (3) remote from the piston (2) and in fluid communication with the through opening (9);
wherein the length of the piston rod (3) is set such that the nozzle (4) can protrude from the second end (102) of the cylinder (1) in the retracted state of the piston (2),
Wherein the side opening (103) is formed as a stepped opening, wherein an opening of a large diameter portion is provided close to the inner cavity, and wherein an upper edge of the opening of the large diameter portion does not exceed an end face of the piston (2) remote from the first end (101) of the cylinder (1) in a retracted state of the piston (2).
2. The nozzle device (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a pump tank assembly (5) comprising a cleaning liquid tank for containing cleaning liquid (501) and a cleaning liquid pump for pumping cleaning liquid (501), and that the cleaning liquid pump pumps cleaning liquid (501) into the internal cavity via the side opening (103) of the cylinder (1).
3. A nozzle device (10) according to claim 2, further comprising a return element (8) arranged between the piston (2) and the second stop (7) and exerting an axial force towards the piston in the extended state.
4. A nozzle device (10) according to claim 3, characterized in that the first stop (6) and/or the second stop (7) are formed in the form of an annular ring that is snapped onto the inner surface of the cylinder (1).
5. A nozzle device (10) according to claim 3, further comprising a first inner cylinder (601) fixed in the inner cavity against the first stop (6) and a second inner cylinder (701) fixed in the inner cavity against the second stop (7).
6. A windshield cleaning system (100), the windshield cleaning system comprising:
the nozzle arrangement (10) according to any one of claims 1-5;
A wiper (20) movable about a pivot point and a cleaning member of the wiper conforming to a windshield;
a motor (30) coupled to the wiper (20) and driving the wiper to reciprocate about a pivot point;
A controller (40) that controls operations of the wiper (20), the motor (30), and the nozzle device (10);
A control panel (50) that transmits an operation instruction to the controller (40); and
A sensor (60) that senses the atmospheric data and transmits the sensed atmospheric data to the controller (40).
7. The windshield washing system (100) of claim 6 wherein said nozzle means (10), said wiper (20), said motor (30), said controller (40), said control panel (50) and said sensor (60) are each provided in pairs and a linkage module is provided between the pairs of controllers such that the pairs of wiper (20) and nozzle means (10) of said windshield washing system (100) cooperate.
8. The windshield washing system (100) of claim 6 wherein a solenoid valve is disposed between a wash liquid pump of said nozzle assembly (10) and said side opening (103), said solenoid valve being connected to said controller (40), said controller controlling the degree of opening of said solenoid valve based on said sensed atmospheric data.
9. A control method of controlling a windshield washing system (100) according to any of claims 6-8, characterized in that the windshield washing system (100) adjusts the output power or spray range of the nozzle device (10) based on sensed atmospheric data and/or flight status data from an avionics system of an aircraft.
CN202110040897.0A 2021-01-12 2021-01-12 Nozzle device, windshield cleaning system, and control method thereof Active CN112678145B (en)

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CN112678145B true CN112678145B (en) 2024-04-26

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