CN112677106A - Floating screwing device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a floating screwing device which comprises a floating mechanism, a transmission mechanism and a grabbing mechanism, wherein the transmission mechanism and the grabbing mechanism are arranged at the lower end of the floating mechanism, the upper end of a main shaft is fixedly sleeved and connected to the middle part of a flange, the lower end of the main shaft is fixedly sleeved and connected to the upper end of a sliding seat, the lower end of the sliding seat is fixedly connected to the upper end of a first bottom plate, a plurality of elastic assemblies are circumferentially arranged on the first bottom plate, the periphery of each elastic assembly is sleeved and connected to the first bottom plate, the lower end of each elastic assembly is clamped and connected to the upper end of a second bottom plate, one end of the transmission mechanism is. The floating screwing device can realize omnibearing floating adjustment when the protective ring is screwed or the coupling is pre-screwed, avoids the screwing failure caused by the inconsistency of the axial line positions of the protective ring or the coupling and the screwed pipe, enables the protective ring to be screwed in place automatically and the coupling to be pre-screwed in place automatically, solves the problems of low manual screwing efficiency and unstable quality, lightens the labor intensity and improves the production efficiency.

Description

Floating screwing device

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of steel pipe processing, and particularly relates to a floating screwing device.

Background

In the existing petroleum pipe processing industry, petroleum pipes are connected through inner and outer threads at the end by utilizing a coupling, and generally a thread protection ring is screwed at the end of the pipe in order to prevent the internal threads of the pipe from being damaged during transportation. The existing protection ring is manually screwed down, the torque is unstable when the protection ring is screwed down manually, the labor intensity of workers is high, the automation degree is low, and secondly, the existing coupling pre-screwing station is usually pre-screwed manually or pre-screwed through simple equipment. Although the single pre-screwing action is completed, the degree of automation is not high, and the pre-screwing effect is not good.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of this, the present invention provides a floating screwing device to solve the problems of unstable torque, high labor intensity of workers and low automation degree when a protection ring is screwed manually.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:

a floating screwing device comprises a floating mechanism, a transmission mechanism and a grabbing mechanism, wherein the lower end of the floating mechanism is provided with the transmission mechanism and the grabbing mechanism, the floating mechanism comprises a flange, a main shaft, a sliding seat, a first bottom plate, an elastic component, a second bottom plate, a first limiting component, a second limiting component and a third limiting component, the upper end of the main shaft is fixedly sleeved on the middle part of the flange, the lower end of the main shaft is fixedly sleeved on the upper end of the sliding seat, the second limiting component is arranged on the upper end of the sliding seat, one end of the second limiting component is fixedly connected to the lower end of the flange, the lower end of the sliding seat is fixedly connected to the upper end of the first bottom plate, the third limiting component is arranged on the upper end of the first bottom plate and is positioned on the periphery of the sliding seat, a plurality of elastic components are arranged on the periphery of the first bottom plate, the periphery of each, one end of the transmission mechanism is fixedly sleeved on two side walls of the second bottom plate, the two side walls of the second bottom plate are respectively provided with a first limiting assembly, and the periphery of the grabbing mechanism is sleeved inside the transmission mechanism.

Further, the sliding seat comprises a third bottom plate and a first air cylinder, the lower end of the main shaft is sleeved on the middle part of the third bottom plate, the periphery of the first air cylinder is fixedly connected to one side of the third bottom plate, a movable rod of the first air cylinder is fixedly connected to one side of the first bottom plate, the lower end of the third bottom plate is provided with two first sliding rails which are parallel to each other, the upper end of the first bottom plate is provided with two second sliding rails which are parallel to each other, the first sliding rails and the second sliding rails are parallel to each other, the upper end of each sliding block is connected to the periphery of the first sliding rails in a sliding manner, the lower end of each sliding block is connected to the periphery of the second sliding rails in a sliding manner, the third limiting assembly comprises a second air cylinder and a third air cylinder which are symmetrically arranged, the peripheries of the second air cylinder and the third air cylinder are fixedly connected to the upper end of the third bottom plate respectively, and the movable rods.

Furthermore, the elastic assembly comprises a first support plate, a bolt rod and a spring, the two ends of the first support plate are respectively sleeved with the bolt rod, the lower end of each bolt rod penetrates through the first bottom plate and then is fixedly connected to the top end of the second bottom plate, the spring is arranged on the periphery of each bolt rod, and the spring is located between the first support plate and the first bottom plate.

Further, first spacing subassembly includes fourth cylinder, fifth cylinder, second extension board and sixth cylinder, and the fourth cylinder is peripheral all through second extension board fixed connection to drive mechanism's periphery with the fifth cylinder is peripheral, and the movable rod of fourth cylinder and fifth cylinder all contacts the bottom of being connected to the second bottom plate, and the peripheral fixed connection of sixth cylinder is to second bottom plate bottom, and the movable rod of sixth cylinder passes the upper end of second bottom plate bottom back fixed connection to first bottom plate.

Further, the second limiting assembly comprises a seventh cylinder and an eighth cylinder, the cross section of the flange is of an L-shaped structure, the peripheries of the seventh cylinder and the eighth cylinder are fixedly connected to the upper end of the third base plate, and the movable rod of the seventh cylinder and the movable rod of the eighth cylinder are in contact connection with one side of the flange.

Further, snatch the mechanism and include the hydro-cylinder that opens and shuts, the balancing weight, first pipe box, the second pipe box, lathe chuck and jack catch, first pipe box one end fixed connection is to one side of drive mechanism, the hydro-cylinder that opens and shuts is installed to the first pipe box other end, the balancing weight is cup jointed to first pipe box periphery, the opposite side to drive mechanism is cup jointed to the periphery of second pipe box, the one end of second pipe box is located inside the drive mechanism, the other end fixed connection of second pipe box to the one end of lathe chuck, the other end of lathe chuck sets up a plurality of jack catches, the telescopic link of the hydro-cylinder that opens and shuts passes inside first pipe box in proper order, inside the drive mechanism and inside the.

Furthermore, the transmission mechanism comprises a motor and two side walls of a gear box periphery of the gear box, the two side walls are fixedly connected to the second bottom plate, the motor periphery is fixedly connected to the gear box periphery, a transmission gear of the motor is meshed with a gear in the gear box, and one end of the second pipe sleeve is meshed with the gear in the gear box.

Furthermore, the jack catch includes card finger, pin rod and guide block, and the equipartition is equipped with a plurality of fixed orificess on the guide block, and the peripheral sliding connection of guide block is to the one end of lathe chuck, and the one end of card finger is through pin rod fixed connection in one fixed orifices.

Compared with the prior art, the floating screwing device has the following advantages:

(1) the floating screwing device can realize omnibearing floating adjustment when the protective ring is screwed or the coupling is pre-screwed, avoids the screwing failure caused by the inconsistency of the axial line positions of the protective ring or the coupling and the screwed pipe, enables the protective ring to be screwed in place automatically and the coupling to be pre-screwed in place automatically, solves the problems of low manual screwing efficiency and unstable quality, lightens the labor intensity and improves the production efficiency.

(2) The floating screwing device can be arranged on a mechanical arm, automatically picks the protection ring and the coupling, and extends into a pipe under the driving of the mechanical arm so as to screw the protection ring and the coupling with a steel pipe.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate an embodiment of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:

fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a floating screw-on device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a floating mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a side view of a float mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram illustrating an assembly of the sliding base, the first base plate, the first limiting assembly and the third limiting assembly according to the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram illustrating an assembly of the first base plate, the elastic component, the second base plate and the first position limiting component according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the flange and second retainer assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of an assembly of a driving mechanism and a gripping mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a jaw according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Description of reference numerals:

1-a flange; 2-a transmission mechanism; 201-a motor; 202-a gearbox; 3-a gripping mechanism; 301-opening and closing oil cylinder; 302-a counterweight block; 303-a first pipe sleeve; 304-a second sleeve; 305-lathe chuck; 306-a jaw; 3061-a guide block; 3062-finger stuck; 3063-pin bar; 4-a main shaft; 5-a slide seat; 501-a third bottom plate; 502-a first cylinder; 503-a first sliding rail; 504-a slider; 505-a second slide rail; 6-a first bottom plate; 7-an elastic component; 701-a first plate; 702-a bolt; 703-a spring; 8-a second bottom plate; 9-a first stop assembly; 901-fourth cylinder; 902-fifth cylinder; 903-a second support plate; 904-sixth cylinder; 10-a second stop assembly; 1001-seventh cylinder; 1002-an eighth cylinder; 11-a third stop assembly; 1101-a second cylinder; 1102-a third cylinder;

Detailed Description

It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art through specific situations.

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.

As shown in fig. 1-8, the floating screw-on device includes a floating mechanism, a transmission mechanism 2 and a grabbing mechanism 3, the floating mechanism includes a flange 1, a main shaft 4, a sliding seat 5, a first bottom plate 6, an elastic component 7, a second bottom plate 8, a first limiting component 9, a second limiting component 10 and a third limiting component 11, the upper end of the main shaft 4 is fixedly sleeved on the middle portion of the flange 1, the lower end of the main shaft 4 is fixedly sleeved on the upper end of the sliding seat 5, the upper end of the sliding seat 5 is provided with the second limiting component 10, one end of the second limiting component 10 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the flange 1, the lower end of the sliding seat 5 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the first bottom plate 6, the third limiting component 11 is installed on the upper end of the first bottom plate 6, the third limiting component 11 is located on the periphery of the sliding seat 5, the first bottom plate 6 is circumferentially provided with a plurality of elastic components 7, the lower end of the elastic component 7 is clamped to the upper end of the second bottom plate 8, the cross section of the second bottom plate 8 is of a U-shaped structure, one end of the transmission mechanism 2 is fixedly sleeved to two side walls of the second bottom plate 8, the two side walls of the second bottom plate 8 are respectively provided with the first limiting component 9, the periphery of the grabbing mechanism 3 is sleeved inside the transmission mechanism 2 and can be installed on a mechanical arm, the protection ring and the coupling are automatically grabbed and extend into a pipe under the driving of the mechanical arm, and therefore the protection ring and the coupling are screwed with the steel pipe.

The sliding base 5 comprises a third bottom plate 501, a first air cylinder 502, a first sliding rail 503, a sliding block 504 and a second sliding rail 505, the lower end of the spindle 4 is sleeved on the middle portion of the third bottom plate 501, the periphery of the first air cylinder 502 is fixedly connected to one side of the third bottom plate 501, a movable rod of the first air cylinder 502 is fixedly connected to one side of the first bottom plate 6, a rod of the first air cylinder 502 extends out to push the sliding block 504 and the lower portion of the first bottom plate 6, the second bottom plate 8, the transmission mechanism 2 and the grabbing mechanism 3, the lower end of the third bottom plate 501 is provided with two mutually parallel first sliding rails 503, the upper end of the first bottom plate 6 is provided with two mutually parallel second sliding rails 505, the first sliding rails 503 and the second sliding rails 505 are mutually parallel, the upper end of each sliding block 504 is slidably connected to the periphery of the first sliding rails 503, the lower end of each sliding block 504 is slidably connected to the periphery of the second sliding rails 505, the peripheries of the second cylinder 1101 and the third cylinder 1102 are respectively fixedly connected to the upper end of the third base plate 501, the movable rods of the second cylinder 1101 and the third cylinder 1102 are respectively connected to two sides of the third base plate 501 in a contact manner, the second cylinder 1101 and the third cylinder 1102 are fixedly connected with the first base plate 6, when locking is needed, the movable rods of the second cylinder 1101 and the third cylinder 1102 extend out, the rod head tightly props against one side of the third base plate 501 and is locked along the X-axis freedom degree, when loosening is needed, the cylinder rods of the second cylinder 1101 and the third cylinder 1102 retract, the rod head leaves one side of the third base plate 501 and is loosened along the X-axis freedom degree, and therefore accurate sleeving and positioning of the protection ring and the coupling is guaranteed, and meanwhile free floating can be achieved when screwing.

The elastic component 7 comprises a first support plate 701, bolts 702 and springs 703, the two ends of the first support plate 701 are respectively sleeved with one bolt 702, the lower ends of the two bolts 702 penetrate through the first bottom plate 6 and then are fixedly connected to the top end of the second bottom plate 8, the periphery of each bolt 702 is provided with one spring 703, the springs 703 are positioned between the first support plate 701 and the first bottom plate 6, the second bottom plate 8 and the lower mechanism descend along the Z axis under the action of gravity until the elasticity of the springs is balanced with the elasticity of the springs 703, and the bolts 702 play a guiding role and loosen the degree of freedom along the Z axis.

The first limiting component 9 comprises a fourth cylinder 901, a fifth cylinder 902, a second support plate 903 and a sixth cylinder 904, the periphery of the fourth cylinder 901 and the periphery of the fifth cylinder 902 are fixedly connected to the periphery of the transmission mechanism 2 through the second support plate 903, the movable rods of the fourth cylinder 901 and the fifth cylinder 902 are in contact connection with the bottom of the second bottom plate 8, the periphery of the sixth cylinder 904 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second bottom plate 8, the movable rod of the sixth cylinder 904 passes through the bottom of the second bottom plate 8 and then is fixedly connected to the upper end of the first bottom plate 6, the fourth cylinder 901 and the fifth cylinder 902 are fixedly connected with the second support plate 903, the second support plate 903 is fixedly connected with the housing of the gearbox 202, the rod of the fourth cylinder 901 and the rod of the fifth cylinder 902 extend out when locking is needed, the head is tightly pressed against the second bottom plate 8 and is locked around the degree of freedom of the X axis, the rod of the fourth cylinder 901 and the fifth cylinder 902 retract when releasing is needed, the head leaves the second, the freedom is relaxed around the X-axis.

The second limiting component 10 comprises a seventh cylinder 1001 and an eighth cylinder 1002, the cross section of the flange 1 is of an L-shaped structure, the peripheries of the seventh cylinder 1001 and the eighth cylinder 1002 are fixedly connected to the upper end of the third base plate 501, a movable rod of the seventh cylinder 1001 and a movable rod of the eighth cylinder 1002 are in contact connection with one side of the flange 1, the seventh cylinder 1001 and the eighth cylinder 1002 are fixedly connected with the third base plate 501, the movable rod of the cylinder extends out when locking is needed, a head of the movable rod tightly abuts against one side of the flange 1 and is locked around the Z-axis degree of freedom, the rod of the seventh cylinder 1001 and the head of the eighth cylinder 1002 retract when loosening is needed, the rod head leaves one side of the flange 1 and is loosened around the Z-axis degree of freedom.

The first cylinder 502, the second cylinder 1101, the third cylinder 1102, the fourth cylinder 901, the fifth cylinder 902, the sixth cylinder 904, the seventh cylinder 1001, and the eighth cylinder 1002 are ACQ ultra thin series cylinders, and the first cylinder 502, the second cylinder 1101, the third cylinder 1102, the fourth cylinder 901, the fifth cylinder 902, the sixth cylinder 904, the seventh cylinder 1001, and the eighth cylinder 1002 are each connected to the air pump through one solenoid valve.

The grabbing mechanism 3 comprises an opening and closing oil cylinder 301, a balancing weight 302, a first pipe sleeve 303, a second pipe sleeve 304, a lathe chuck 305 and clamping jaws 306, one end of the first pipe sleeve 303 is fixedly connected to one side of the transmission mechanism 2, the opening and closing oil cylinder 301 is installed at the other end of the first pipe sleeve 303, the model of the opening and closing oil cylinder 301 is RH-100, the balancing weight 302 is sleeved on the periphery of the first pipe sleeve 303, the periphery of the second pipe sleeve 304 is sleeved to the other side of the transmission mechanism 2, one end of the second pipe sleeve 304 is located inside the transmission mechanism 2, the other end of the second pipe sleeve 304 is fixedly connected to one end of the lathe chuck 305, the model of the lathe chuck 305 is KD08-3, the other end of the lathe chuck 305 is provided with a plurality of clamping jaws 306, a telescopic rod of the opening and closing oil cylinder 301 sequentially penetrates through the inside of the first pipe sleeve 303, the inside of the transmission mechanism 2 and the inside of the second, the model of the motor 201 is ECMA-EX1315ES, the periphery of the motor 201 is fixedly connected to the periphery of the gear box 202, a transmission gear of the motor 201 is meshed with a gear inside the gear box 202, one end of the second pipe sleeve 304 is meshed with the gear inside the gear box 202, the motor 201 drives the lathe chuck 305 to rotate through the gear box 202, and the movable rod of the opening and closing oil cylinder 301 stretches to control the opening and closing of the jaws 306.

The clamping jaw 306 comprises a clamping finger 3062, a pin rod 3063 and a guide block 3061, a plurality of fixing holes are uniformly distributed in the guide block 3061, the periphery of the guide block 3061 is connected to one end of the lathe chuck 305 in a sliding mode, one end of the clamping finger 3062 is fixedly connected into one fixing hole through the pin rod 3063, the plurality of clamping jaws 306 are in a circular array along one end of the lathe chuck 305, the inner diameter of the circular array is adjusted by adjusting the clamping finger 3062 to be fixed in different fixing holes, and production requirements of pipe diameters of different specifications are met.

The working principle of the floating screwing device is as follows:

if the axis of the steel pipe axis is set to be the Y axis, the vertical direction is the Z axis, the horizontal direction is perpendicular to the Y axis and is the X axis, the main shaft 4 can realize the rotational floating freedom degree around the Z axis, the second pipe sleeve 304 can realize the rotational floating freedom degree around the X axis, the first slide rail 503 and the slide block 504 can realize the linear motion floating freedom degree along the Y axis, the second slide rail 505 and the slide block 504 can realize the linear motion floating freedom degree along the X axis, the bolt 702 can realize the linear motion floating freedom degree along the Z axis, and the spring 703 provides restoring force of the linear motion floating freedom degree along the Z axis. The motor 201 drives the lathe chuck 305 to rotate through the gear box 202, and the movable rod of the opening and closing oil cylinder 301 stretches and retracts to control the opening and closing of the fingers 3062 through controlling the opening and closing of the guide block;

in order to ensure that the protection ring and the coupling are accurately grabbed and sleeved and positioned and can freely float during screwing, the rotation and linear motion freedom of the floating screwing device needs to have locking and loosening functions. The seventh cylinder 1001 and the eighth cylinder 1002 are both fixedly connected with the third bottom plate 501, when locking is needed, a movable rod of the cylinder extends out, a rod head of the movable rod tightly props one side of the flange 1 and is locked around the Z-axis freedom degree, when releasing is needed, cylinder rods of the seventh cylinder 1001 and the eighth cylinder 1002 retract, the rod head leaves one side of the flange 1 and is released around the Z-axis freedom degree; the second air cylinder 1101 and the third air cylinder 1102 are fixedly connected with the first bottom plate 6, when locking is needed, movable rods of the second air cylinder 1101 and the third air cylinder 1102 extend out, a rod head tightly props one side of the third bottom plate 501 and is locked along the X-axis freedom degree, when releasing is needed, the rod heads of the second air cylinder 1101 and the third air cylinder 1102 retract, the rod head leaves one side of the third bottom plate 501 and is released along the X-axis freedom degree; the fourth cylinder 901 and the fifth cylinder 902 are fixedly connected with the second support plate 903, the second support plate 903 is fixedly connected with the shell of the gear box 202, when locking is needed, the cylinder rods of the fourth cylinder 901 and the fifth cylinder 902 extend out, the rod head tightly props against the second bottom plate 8 and is locked around the X-axis degree of freedom, when releasing is needed, the cylinder rods of the fourth cylinder 901 and the fifth cylinder 902 retract, the rod head leaves the second bottom plate 8 and is released around the X-axis degree of freedom; the sixth air cylinder 904 is fixedly connected with the second bottom plate 8, when locking is needed, a cylinder rod of the sixth air cylinder 904 pulls the first bottom plate 6 and the second bottom plate 8 tightly, locking is achieved along the Z-axis freedom degree, when loosening is needed, a cylinder rod of the sixth air cylinder 904 extends out, the second bottom plate 8 and the lower mechanism are descended along the Z axis under the action of gravity until the second bottom plate is balanced with the elastic force of the spring 703, and the bolt rod 702 plays a guiding role and loosens along the Z-axis freedom degree.

To ensure that the floating screw-on device has a default equilibrium position of freedom of rotation about the X-axis, the first sleeve 303 of the gripping mechanism 3 is fitted with a counterweight 302 at the rear to balance the weight of the lathe chuck 305.

In order to ensure that the floating screwing device can provide constant thrust along the Y axis of the steel pipe axis, a first air cylinder 502 is arranged, and the cylinder rod of the first air cylinder 502 extends out of a pushing slide block 504, a lower first bottom plate 6, a lower second bottom plate 8, a transmission mechanism 2 and a grabbing mechanism 3.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims (8)

1. Float and twist and connect device, its characterized in that: the floating mechanism comprises a flange (1), a main shaft (4), a sliding seat (5), a first bottom plate (6), an elastic component (7), a second bottom plate (8), a first limiting component (9), a second limiting component (10) and a third limiting component (11), wherein the upper end of the main shaft (4) is fixedly sleeved on the middle part of the flange (1), the lower end of the main shaft (4) is fixedly sleeved on the upper end of the sliding seat (5), the upper end of the sliding seat (5) is provided with the second limiting component (10), one end of the second limiting component (10) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the flange (1), the lower end of the sliding seat (5) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the first bottom plate (6), the third limiting component (11) is installed on the upper end of the first bottom plate (6), and the third limiting component (11) is positioned at the periphery of the sliding seat (5), first bottom plate (6) circumference sets up a plurality of elastic component (7), the periphery of every elastic component (7) all cup joints on first bottom plate (6), the lower extreme joint of elastic component (7) to second bottom plate (8) upper end, the cross section of second bottom plate (8) is the U-shaped structure, the fixed both sides wall that connects to second bottom plate (8) of one end of drive mechanism (2), and the both sides wall of second bottom plate (8) sets up first spacing subassembly (9) respectively, it cup joints to drive mechanism (2) inside to snatch mechanism (3) periphery.

2. The floating screw-on device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the sliding seat (5) comprises a third bottom plate (501), a first air cylinder (502), a first sliding rail (503), sliding blocks (504) and a second sliding rail (505), the lower end of the spindle (4) is sleeved in the middle of the third bottom plate (501), the periphery of the first air cylinder (502) is fixedly connected to one side of the third bottom plate (501), a movable rod of the first air cylinder (502) is fixedly connected to one side of a first bottom plate (6), the lower end of the third bottom plate (501) is provided with two mutually parallel first sliding rails (503), the upper end of the first bottom plate (6) is provided with two mutually parallel second sliding rails (505), the first sliding rails (503) and the second sliding rails (505) are mutually parallel, the upper end of each sliding block (504) is slidably connected to the periphery of the first sliding rail (503), the lower end of each sliding block (504) is slidably connected to the periphery of the second sliding rail (505), the third limiting component (11) comprises a second air cylinder (1101) and a third air cylinder (1102) which are, the peripheries of the second air cylinder (1101) and the third air cylinder (1102) are respectively and fixedly connected to the upper end of the third bottom plate (501), and movable rods of the second air cylinder (1101) and the third air cylinder (1102) are respectively in contact connection with two sides of the third bottom plate (501).

3. The floating screw-on device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the elastic component (7) comprises a first support plate (701), bolts (702) and springs (703), the bolts (702) are sleeved at two ends of the first support plate (701) respectively, the lower ends of the bolts (702) penetrate through the first bottom plate (6) and then are fixedly connected to the top end of the second bottom plate (8), the springs (703) are arranged on the periphery of each bolt (702), and the springs (703) are located between the first support plate (701) and the first bottom plate (6).

4. The floating screw-on device according to claim 1, characterized in that: first spacing subassembly (9) include fourth cylinder (901), fifth cylinder (902), second extension board (903) and sixth cylinder (904), fourth cylinder (901) are peripheral all through the periphery of second extension board (903) fixed connection to drive mechanism (2) with fifth cylinder (902) periphery, the movable rod of fourth cylinder (901) and fifth cylinder (902) all contacts the bottom of being connected to second bottom plate (8), the peripheral fixed connection of sixth cylinder (904) is to second bottom plate (8) bottom, the movable rod of sixth cylinder (904) passes second bottom plate (8) bottom back fixed connection to the upper end of first bottom plate (6).

5. The floating screw-on device according to claim 2, characterized in that: the second limiting assembly (10) comprises a seventh cylinder (1001) and an eighth cylinder (1002), the cross section of the flange (1) is of an L-shaped structure, the peripheries of the seventh cylinder (1001) and the eighth cylinder (1002) are fixedly connected to the upper end of a third base plate (501), and a movable rod of the seventh cylinder (1001) and a movable rod of the eighth cylinder (1002) are in contact connection with one side of the flange (1).

6. The floating screw-on device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the grabbing mechanism (3) comprises an opening and closing oil cylinder (301), a balancing weight (302), a first pipe sleeve (303), a second pipe sleeve (304), a lathe chuck (305) and a clamping jaw (306), one end of a first pipe sleeve (303) is fixedly connected to one side of the transmission mechanism (2), an opening and closing oil cylinder (301) is installed at the other end of the first pipe sleeve (303), a balancing weight (302) is sleeved on the periphery of the first pipe sleeve (303), the periphery of a second pipe sleeve (304) is sleeved to the other side of the transmission mechanism (2), one end of the second pipe sleeve (304) is located inside the transmission mechanism (2), the other end of the second pipe sleeve (304) is fixedly connected to one end of a lathe chuck (305), a plurality of clamping jaws (306) are arranged at the other end of the lathe chuck (305), the telescopic rod of the opening and closing oil cylinder (301) sequentially penetrates through the interior of the first pipe sleeve (303), the interior of the transmission mechanism (2) and the interior of the second pipe sleeve (304) and then is fixedly connected to the interior of a lathe chuck (305).

7. The floating screw attachment of claim 6 wherein: the transmission mechanism (2) comprises a motor (201) and a gear box (202), the periphery of the gear box (202) is fixedly connected to two side walls of the second bottom plate (8), the periphery of the motor (201) is fixedly connected to the periphery of the gear box (202), a transmission gear of the motor (201) is meshed with a gear inside the gear box (202), and one end of the second pipe sleeve (304) is meshed with the gear inside the gear box (202).

8. The floating screw attachment of claim 7 wherein: the claw (306) comprises a clamping finger (3062), a pin rod (3063) and a guide block (3061), a plurality of fixing holes are uniformly distributed in the guide block (3061), the periphery of the guide block (3061) is connected to one end of the lathe chuck (305) in a sliding mode, and one end of the clamping finger (3062) is fixedly connected into one fixing hole through the pin rod (3063).

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