CN112671518A - Communication method and device - Google Patents
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- CN112671518A CN112671518A CN201910975155.XA CN201910975155A CN112671518A CN 112671518 A CN112671518 A CN 112671518A CN 201910975155 A CN201910975155 A CN 201910975155A CN 112671518 A CN112671518 A CN 112671518A
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- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 50
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- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 38
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Abstract
A communication method and a communication device suitable for executing the communication method are provided, the communication method includes initializing a link between the communication device and a corresponding device, responding to a trained program to obtain a trained process, and sending a training command string according to the trained process. Therefore, the corresponding device adjusts its transmission characteristics according to the received training command string, and achieves proper inter-device interconnectivity.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a communication method and a communication apparatus, and more particularly, to a communication method and an application apparatus between communication apparatuses.
Background
In the conventional data transmission interface, a sequencer/de-sequencer (SerDes) originally used for optical fiber communication has become the mainstream of the serial transmission interface, wherein a transmitting device converts a plurality of parallel low-speed signals into high-speed serial signals, and transmits the high-speed serial signals to a receiving device via a transmission medium in a Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) and point-to-point (P2P) transmission mode, and converts the high-speed serial signals into a plurality of parallel low-speed signals again, theoretically, the sequencer/de-sequencer can provide a transmission rate of more than 10 Gbps. However, if the standard fails to specify the signal processing method of the receiving device, the interconnection problem of signal transmission between the transmitting device and the receiving device may occur, and the expected communication effect may not be achieved.
Taking the technical standard of IEEE 802.3 10G bit ethernet (10GBASE-KR) as an example, in order to establish a stable connection, the Start-up Protocol (Start-up Protocol) utilizes the Control Function (Control Function) of the Physical media Dependent sub-layer (PMD) to generate Control commands (Control Actions), and exchanges data with the corresponding devices to complete the Training Procedure (Training Procedure), and enables the equalizer (equalizer) to perform better performance to improve the interconnectivity (Interoperability) between the devices.
Disclosure of Invention
As described above, the aforementioned technical standards do not define how the receiving device processes signals, so that when the transmitting device and the receiving device of different manufacturers communicate with each other, the problem of poor interconnection occurs, and the problem of poor interconnection is increasingly serious when the communication channel has interference.
In view of the above, a communication method is used to achieve interconnectivity between a communication device and a corresponding device. The method is applicable to a device having a transmitting circuit and a receiving circuit. According to some embodiments, a communication method includes initializing a Link (Link), executing a Trained process to record a Trained history (Trained Log), and sending a training command string according to the Trained history. Therefore, the communication interconnectivity between the devices is improved by transmitting the training command string to cause the corresponding device to adjust its transmission characteristics.
According to some embodiments, the trained program includes receiving a training command, processing the training command to update the trained routine and obtain an analysis result, adjusting a transmission characteristic when the analysis result is an adjustment and returning to the receiving step, and ending the trained program when the analysis result is a completion.
According to some embodiments, the trained routine includes a plurality of training commands, and the sending the training command string is sending the plurality of training commands.
According to some embodiments, the sending the training command string includes simplifying the trained routine to obtain a plurality of simplified commands, and sending the plurality of simplified commands.
According to some embodiments, the training command string includes the training commands, and the simplifying the trained process includes classifying the training commands, obtaining a cumulative adjustment value corresponding to a same class according to the classes and the training commands, and obtaining the simplifying commands according to the cumulative adjustment values and the classes.
According to some embodiments, the simplifying the trained routine comprises an optimization procedure, wherein the optimization procedure obtains the simplifying command according to a predetermined margin and the accumulated adjustment value.
According to some embodiments, a communication device includes a receiving circuit, a transmitting circuit, a training circuit, and a main control circuit. The receiving circuit is used for receiving a plurality of training commands. The transmitting circuit is used for transmitting a signal according to a transmitting characteristic. The training circuit is used for processing the training commands to obtain a trained process and a plurality of analysis results, adjusting the transmission characteristic according to the analysis results, and sending a training command string according to the trained process. After the training circuit sends the training command string, the training circuit connects the receiving circuit and the transmitting circuit to the main control circuit respectively.
According to some embodiments, when the master control circuit is activated (powered), the master control circuit initializes the training circuit, the transmit circuit, and the receive circuit.
According to some embodiments, the training circuit is configured to initialize a link, respond to a trained process to obtain the trained routine, and send the training command string according to the trained routine.
According to some embodiments, the training circuit receives one of the training commands in response to the trained program, processes the received training command to update the trained routine and obtain the corresponding analysis result, adjusts the transmission characteristic when the analysis result is an adjustment, returns to the receiving step, and ends the trained program when the analysis result is a completion.
Therefore, in some embodiments, the communication device and the communication method provide a method for training the corresponding device matched with the communication device, so as to realize the interconnectivity between the devices. In some embodiments, the communication device and method can more effectively complete the training procedure by including simplified procedures and optimized procedures.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart diagram illustrating an embodiment of a communication method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart diagram illustrating one embodiment of step S52 of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart diagram illustrating one embodiment of step S54 of FIG. 1; and
fig. 4 is a block diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of the symbols
20 communication device 21 main control circuit
22 training circuit 24 transmitting circuit
26 receive circuit 28 memory
30 correspond to device
S50-S54
S520 to S528 steps
Steps S540 to S542
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 4, fig. 1 is a flowchart illustrating a communication method according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 4 is a block diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present invention. The communication device 20 is adapted to execute the communication method to complete a communication connection (Link Ready) with the corresponding device 30, and the communication device and the corresponding device can normally perform data transmission and reception after completing the communication connection.
Referring to fig. 4, the communication device 20 includes a main control circuit 21, a training circuit 22, a transmitting circuit 24, and a receiving circuit 26. The corresponding device 30 has a transmitter and a receiver (not shown) corresponding to the receiving circuit 26 and the transmitting circuit 24. When communication device 20 is activated (i.e., powered), main control circuit 21 continues to be activated, and main control circuit 21 initializes training circuit 22, transmitting circuit 24, and receiving circuit 26, and then training circuit 22 sends an initial signal (Signaling) to the corresponding device 30. The corresponding device 30, when actuated, emits an initial signal (Signaling). When the communication device 20 and the corresponding device 30 respectively receive the initial signal sent by the other party, the initialization of the link is completed. After the link is initialized, the communication device 20 and the corresponding device 30 perform a training procedure (described in detail later). After the communication device 20 and the corresponding device 30 respectively complete the training procedure, i.e. complete the communication connection (Link Ready), the communication device 20 and the corresponding device 30 can normally transmit and receive data.
Referring to fig. 1, according to some embodiments, a communication method includes:
step S50: initializing a link;
step S52: responding to a trained program to obtain a trained process; and
step S54: according to the trained process, a training command string is sent.
The link of step S50 is the actual data transmission channel, and the initialization link is after the initialization of the hardware, which includes the main control circuit 21, the training circuit 22, the transmitting circuit 24, and the receiving circuit 26. The initialization link means that the communication device 20 and the corresponding device 30 respectively transmit an initial signal and respectively receive the initial signal transmitted by the other party.
The trained program of step S52 is a training program of the corresponding device 30 according to the communication protocol after being activated, completing the hardware initialization and the link initialization, specifically, the training program sent from the corresponding device 30 to the communication device 20 is used to adjust the transmission characteristics of the transmission circuit 24 of the communication device 20, the training program sent from the communication device 20 to the corresponding device 30 is used to adjust the transmission characteristics of the corresponding device 30, and the execution of a trained program of step S52 is a training program executed by the communication device 20 to the corresponding device 30. The communication device 20 records each command of the trained program during the execution of the trained program to obtain the trained history. Thus, the training routine comprises a plurality of training commands. Examples of such trained programs are described in detail below.
Step S54 is to send a training command string according to the trained process. In some embodiments, the training command string directly sends each recorded training command in the training history to the corresponding device 30, so that the corresponding device 30 adjusts the transmission characteristics according to the training history.
In some embodiments, the sending the training command string according to the trained routine comprises a simplified procedure, which will be described in detail later.
Through the above steps S50 to S54, the corresponding device 30 requests the communication device 20 to adjust the transmission characteristics according to the characteristics of the communication channel and the received signal sent by the communication device 20, all the adjusted training commands are recorded as the training history by the communication device 20, and the communication device 20 sends out the training command string according to the training history, so that the transmission characteristics of the corresponding device 30 are adjusted identically, and therefore, in the case that the characteristics of the communication channels are similar or identical, the appropriate interconnectivity can be obtained.
In some embodiments, the training circuit 22 of the communication device 20 performs a training procedure on the corresponding device 30 (step S50), that is, the training circuit 22 issues a series of training commands (hereinafter referred to as active commands) according to the received signals issued by the corresponding device 30 and the characteristics of the communication channel, wherein the active commands require the corresponding device 30 to adjust its transmission characteristics. After the training circuit 22 trains the corresponding device 30 according to a training mechanism preset by the communication device 20, the training circuit 22 obtains an interconnection characteristic (hereinafter, referred to as an active interconnection characteristic) of the receiving circuit 26, such as, but not limited to, a Bit Error Rate (BER). Next, the training circuit 22 issues the training command string (hereinafter referred to as the passive command) according to the training history (step S52), and after the corresponding device 30 adjusts the transmission characteristic according to the passive command string, the training circuit 22 obtains the interconnection characteristic (hereinafter referred to as the passive interconnection characteristic) of another receiving circuit 26. Then, the training circuit 22 compares the active and passive interconnection characteristics and trains the corresponding device 30 with a training command corresponding to the appropriate interconnection characteristics (step S54). Specifically, when the active interconnect characteristics are better than the passive interconnect characteristics, the training circuit 22 trains the corresponding device 30 with the active commands. Otherwise, the training circuit 22 trains the corresponding device 30 with the passive command. In this way, the communication device 20 can obtain proper interconnectivity.
In the above embodiments of determining the active interconnection characteristic and the passive interconnection characteristic, after the corresponding device 30 is adjusted according to the active command (step S50), the communication device 20 needs to return the transmission characteristic of the corresponding device 30 to its initial state before sending the passive command (step S52), and then send the passive command to avoid the accumulated error. In some embodiments, the communication device 20 can directly compare the difference between the active command and the passive command, and directly send out the corresponding training command string, so that the corresponding device 30 performs the corresponding adjustment. Similarly, before performing the step S54, the communication device 20 issues a corresponding training command, considering that the transmission characteristics of the corresponding device 30 have been adjusted according to the passive command.
Next, referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart illustrating an embodiment of step S52 in fig. 1. Step S52 is executed by the communication device 20 to obtain a trained process in response to the trained program sent by the corresponding device 30, where the trained program is composed of a plurality of training commands, and the trained program includes:
step S520: receiving a training command;
step S522: processing the training command to update the trained process and obtain an analysis result;
step S524: whether the analysis result is complete;
step S526: when the analysis result is an adjustment, adjusting a transmission characteristic, and returning to the receiving step (S520); and
step S528: and when the analysis result is complete, ending the trained program.
The trained program of S52 is transmitted by the corresponding device 30 to the communication device 20. In step S520, the communication device 20 receives the training command sent by the corresponding device 30, and then, in step S522, the training circuit 22 of the communication device 20 processes the training command, where processing the training command includes storing the training command in a trained history and analyzing the training command to obtain an analysis result, and the sequence of the storing and the analyzing can be changed.
For the analysis of the training command, the IEEE 802.3 standard for 10G-bit Ethernet (10GBASE-KR) is used as an example, but the scope of the invention is not limited thereto. The specification of the technical standard for the training command is shown in table 1 below.
TABLE 1
In the standard, there are 7 bits in each training command for training the transmission characteristics, and three types of characteristics are adjusted, including signal high frequency (bits 0 to 1), signal low frequency (bits 2 to 3), and signal amplitude (bits 4 to 5). The adjustment modes include increasing, decreasing and maintaining. Therefore, when the analysis result is the increase, decrease, and maintenance of the high frequency of the signal, the increase, decrease, and maintenance of the low frequency of the signal, and the increase, decrease, and maintenance of the amplitude of the signal, the analysis result is "adjusted".
According to the technical standard, a training routine including 15 training commands is shown in table 2 below. The communication device 20 sequentially adjusts the transmission characteristics of the transmission circuit 24 according to the 15 training commands from the corresponding device 30. For example, taking training command sequence number 1 as an example, the training circuit 22 analyzes the analysis result of the training command (0100000) as "increase signal amplitude"; taking training command sequence number 3 as an example, the training circuit 22 analyzes the analysis result of the training command (0001000) as "low frequency of added signal"; when the training circuit 22 analyzes the training command (0000000) of the training command sequence number 14, the analysis result is "complete", and the training circuit 22 ends the trained program. It should be noted that the result of the analysis by the training circuit 22 of the training command (1000000) with the training command sequence number 0 is "initialized", and the training circuit 22 initializes the transmission characteristics of the transmission circuit 24.
TABLE 2
Therefore, when the communication device 20 receives the training command sequence number 1, the training circuit 22 controls the transmitting circuit 24 to adjust its transmitting characteristic so as to increase the signal amplitude (step S526) (i.e., adjust the transmitting characteristic according to the analysis result). Then, the training circuit 22 returns to the receiving step (S520), and when the communication device 20 receives the training command sequence 2, the training circuit 22 analyzes the analysis result of the training command to increase the signal amplitude, so as to control the transmitting circuit 24 to adjust the transmitting characteristic thereof to increase the signal amplitude. When the communication device 20 receives the training command sequence 3, the training circuit 22 analyzes the analysis result of the training command as the low frequency signal, so as to control the transmitting circuit 24 to adjust the transmitting characteristic to increase the low frequency signal. And so on for the rest. When the communication device 20 receives the training command sequence 14, the training circuit 22 analyzes the result of the analysis of the training command as "complete", so that the training circuit 22 ends the trained program.
Therefore, the communication device 20 is trained to tune the signal transmission characteristics of its transmission circuit 24 through step S52.
Referring to fig. 3, according to some embodiments, step S54 includes a simplified process, the simplified process includes:
step S540: simplifying the trained process to obtain a plurality of simplified commands; and
step S542: transmitting the plurality of abbreviated commands.
The simplification training process in step S540 is to simplify the addition command and the subtraction command in the plurality of training commands (for example, as will be described later). Specifically, the simplified trained routine of step S540 includes:
step S540a (not shown): classifying the plurality of training commands;
step S540b (not shown): according to the classifications and the training commands, respectively obtaining an accumulated adjustment value corresponding to the same classification; and
step S540c (not shown): and obtaining the simplified commands according to the accumulated adjustment values and the classifications.
Wherein the plurality of reduced commands includes training commands to initialize, adjust transmission characteristics, and end a training procedure.
With respect to the aforementioned simplified training process, please refer to table 2 synchronously, the training process includes 15 training commands, the training commands for initializing and ending the training process are subtracted, and there are 13 training commands for adjusting the transmission characteristics, so that an accumulated adjustment value corresponding to the same class can be obtained by classifying the training commands, and the simplified commands are obtained according to the accumulated adjustment values and the classes. The adjustment result of the simplified command for the transmission characteristic is as follows:
the accumulation of high-frequency signals is reduced for 2 times;
accumulating and increasing the low-frequency signals for 3 times; and
the signal amplitude is cumulatively increased 2 times.
Therefore, by simplifying the procedure, in this embodiment, the training command used by the training process to adjust the transmission characteristic only needs to be completed by 7 simplified commands (2+3+2), and in general, the communication device 20 only needs to send 9 simplified commands to make the corresponding device 30 adjust the transmission characteristic, thereby reducing the transmission times of the training command and saving the transmission resources and time.
In some embodiments, the step S540c of obtaining the simplified commands according to the accumulated adjustment values and the classifications includes an optimization procedure of compensating for differences in initial emission characteristics of different devices according to the predetermined margins and the accumulated adjustment values of different classifications. The predetermined margin is related to a specification margin (Tolerance) of the transmission characteristic by the technical standard. Taking the technical standard of 10GBASE-KR of IEEE 802.3 as an example, the standard margin of the amplitude of the transmission characteristic is +/-10%, where the standard margin is specified for the Ratio (Ratio) of the pre-Cursor (precarsor) and the post-Cursor (Postcursor) to the main-Cursor (curror) of the impulse signal to the channel response, and based on the +/-10% standard margin, assuming that the communication device 20 and the corresponding device 30 are respectively at the upper limit and the lower limit of the standard margin, the initial transmission characteristic difference between the two is 20%, and the difference 20% is converted into the number of increasing/decreasing the signal amplitude, which is the predetermined margin.
Therefore, when the optimization procedure is executed, the training circuit 22 increases and decreases the predetermined margin based on the accumulated adjustment value, then sends the adjusted accumulated adjustment value to the corresponding device 30, after the corresponding device 30 returns a signal after adjusting its transmission characteristic, the training circuit 22 determines and records its interconnection characteristic, and after the training circuit 22 records each interconnection characteristic within the predetermined margin, selects the best interconnection characteristic and its corresponding adjusted accumulated adjustment value as the final adjustment value.
Through the optimization procedure described above, the training circuit 22 compensates for the differences in the initial transmission characteristics of the various devices and achieves the preferred interconnection characteristics.
Referring to fig. 4, according to an embodiment, the communication device 20 includes a main control circuit 21, a training circuit 22, a transmitting circuit 24, and a receiving circuit 26. The receiving circuit 26 is used for receiving a plurality of training commands. The transmitting circuit 24 is used for transmitting a signal according to a transmission characteristic. The training circuit 22 is configured to process the training commands to obtain a trained routine and to obtain analysis results, to control the transmitting circuit 24 to adjust the transmitting characteristic according to the analysis results, and to transmit a training command string according to the trained routine. After the training circuit 22 sends the training command string, the training circuit 22 connects the receiving circuit 26 and the transmitting circuit 24 to the main control circuit 21 respectively.
Thus, the training circuit 22 enables the corresponding circuit 30 to adjust its transmission characteristics accordingly by the transmission of the training command string, resulting in proper interconnectivity.
When the communication device 20 is activated (powered), the main control circuit 21 is activated, and then the main control circuit 21 initializes the training circuit 22, the transmitting circuit 24, and the receiving circuit 26. Then, the training circuit 22 performs the above steps S50 to S54, which are not described again.
The training circuit 22 processes the training command to obtain the trained history and the analysis results, and the training history and the analysis results are obtained by executing the step S52.
In some embodiments, the training circuit 22 includes a memory 28 for storing the trained history.
A receiving circuit 26 for receiving a plurality of training commands; a transmitting circuit 24 for transmitting a signal according to a transmission characteristic; a training circuit 22 for processing the training command to obtain a trained routine and a plurality of analysis results, and adjusting the transmission characteristic according to the plurality of analysis results, please refer to fig. 4 that the training circuit 22 further includes a memory 28 for storing a trained routine; a master control circuit 21, when activated, initializes the receiving circuit 26, the transmitting circuit 24 and the training circuit 22, and waits for the training circuit 22 to complete the transmission of the training command string, receiving the receiving circuit 26 and the transmitting circuit 24 respectively switched.
In summary, according to some embodiments, the communication device 20 and the corresponding device 30 start to operate when being activated, and the appropriate inter-device interconnectivity is realized through the aforementioned communication method.
Claims (10)
1. A communication device, comprising:
a receiving circuit for receiving a plurality of training commands;
a transmitting circuit for transmitting a signal according to a transmission characteristic;
a training circuit for training the operation of the electronic device,
processing the training commands to obtain a trained process and a plurality of analysis results;
the transmitting circuit is used for controlling the transmitting circuit to adjust the transmitting characteristic according to the plurality of analysis results; and
a training command string is sent according to the trained process; and
and the training circuit is used for respectively connecting the receiving circuit and the transmitting circuit to the main control circuit after the training circuit sends the training command string.
2. The communication device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the training circuit comprises a memory for storing the trained history.
3. The communication device of claim 1,
the training circuit receiving one of the training commands for the training circuit in response to the program being trained;
processing the received training command to update the training history and obtain the corresponding analysis result;
when the analysis result is an adjustment, adjusting the transmission characteristic and returning to the receiving step; and
when the analysis result is one completion, the trained program is ended.
4. A communication method, the communication method comprising:
initializing a link;
responding to a trained program to obtain a trained process; and
according to the trained process, a training command string is sent.
5. The communication method of claim 4, wherein the trained program comprises:
receiving a training command;
processing the training command to update the trained process and obtain an analysis result;
when the analysis result is an adjustment, adjusting a transmission characteristic, and returning to the receiving step; and
when the analysis result is one completion, the trained program is ended.
6. The communication method of claim 4, wherein the trained routine comprises a plurality of training commands, and the transmitting the training command string is transmitting the plurality of training commands.
7. The communication method of claim 4, wherein the sending the training command string comprises:
simplifying the trained process to obtain a plurality of simplified commands; and
transmitting the plurality of abbreviated commands.
8. The communication method of claim 7, wherein the training command string includes the training command, the simplifying the trained routine comprises:
classifying the plurality of training commands;
according to the classification and the training commands, respectively obtaining an accumulated adjustment value corresponding to the same classification; and
and obtaining the simplifying commands according to the accumulated adjusting value and the classification.
9. The communication method according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the simplifying the trained routine comprises an optimization procedure, the optimization procedure obtains the simplifying commands according to a predetermined margin and accumulated adjustment values.
10. The communication method of claim 9 wherein the optimization procedure is used to compensate signals by the predetermined margin.
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