CN112666925A - Diesel engine vehicle-mounted diagnosis system and diagnosis method thereof - Google Patents
Diesel engine vehicle-mounted diagnosis system and diagnosis method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a diesel engine vehicle-mounted diagnosis system and a diagnosis method thereof, which comprise a control system and a hardware structure thereof, wherein the control system and the hardware structure thereof are both positioned in an automobile power bin, the control system comprises an FPGA chip and an ARM chip, and the hardware structure comprises an acceleration sensor, a starting driver, a reset button, a speed measurement sensor, a vehicle bus interface, a vehicle battery, a sensor power supply box, an AD conditioning circuit, an IO conditioning circuit, a pulse conditioning circuit, a CAN circuit, a power supply circuit, a storage chip and a display terminal. The diesel engine vehicle-mounted diagnosis system and the diagnosis method thereof have strong applicability and high reliability, can be used for monitoring the running state of various vehicles such as machinery, electric control and the like, and particularly meet the requirement of early diagnosis of faults of the diesel engine of a power-enhanced vehicle.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of engine testing, and particularly relates to a diesel engine vehicle-mounted diagnosis system and a diagnosis method thereof.
Background
Along with the development of high power, high reinforcement and light weight of the diesel engine, the weight of the unit power of the diesel engine is obviously reduced, the mechanical load and the thermal load of main structural components are improved, and the problem that main components such as a cylinder cover, an air valve, a main shaft, transmission and the like are in failure in operation is obvious. In the design facing the requirement of all-region application, the application environment changes to change the operation thermal state of the diesel engine, and the adaptability of the main components is tested. In the verification of a laboratory, the real vehicle environment cannot be simulated in a full state due to the limitation of detection capability and verification means, and the structural problem of components in real vehicle application cannot be improved in advance in a preventive manner. In the real vehicle verification, due to the lack of a comprehensive detection means, irreparable faults caused by the fault initiation to the obvious dynamic reduction can not be predicted in advance, so that serious accidents are caused, and great economic loss is brought.
At present, a mainstream domestic and foreign engine diagnosis system mainly identifies main thermal parameters in the running process of a diesel engine through an on-board ECU (electronic control unit) controller according to an on-line Engine Control Unit (ECU) diagnosis strategy and an off-line oil detection technology, and judges a fault state and obtains the position of a main fault part by combining the off-line oil monitoring technology. The reinforced diesel engine parts are at the initial stage of failure, the power performance is not obviously reduced, and off-line oil monitoring cannot ensure the failure early warning timeliness, so that when the power is seriously reduced, the diesel engine has serious unrepairable failure, so that the design scheme of the main bearing part cannot be fully verified, the design optimization is influenced, and the verification progress is prolonged.
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a diesel engine vehicle-mounted diagnosis system and a diagnosis method thereof.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention is directed to a diesel engine on-board diagnosis system, so as to rapidly detect a fault that enhances an actual operation state of a diesel engine.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a diesel engine vehicle-mounted diagnosis system comprises a control system and a hardware structure thereof which are positioned inside an automobile power bin, wherein the control system comprises an FPGA chip and an ARM chip, the hardware structure comprises an acceleration sensor, a starting driver, a reset button, a speed measurement sensor, a vehicle bus interface, a vehicle battery, a sensor power supply box, an AD conditioning circuit, an IO conditioning circuit, a pulse conditioning circuit, a CAN circuit, a power supply circuit, a storage chip and a display terminal, the acceleration sensor is connected with the FPGA chip through the AD conditioning circuit, the starting driver and the reset button are connected with the FPGA chip through the IO conditioning circuit, the speed measurement sensor is connected with the FPGA chip through the pulse conditioning circuit, the vehicle bus interface is connected with the FPGA chip through the CAN circuit, and the vehicle power supply and the sensor power supply box are connected with the FPGA chip through the power supply circuit, the FPGA chip is connected with the display terminal through the ARM chip, and the ARM chip is further connected with the storage chip.
Further, acceleration sensor includes an acceleration sensor and a plurality of No. two acceleration sensor, and an acceleration sensor and No. two acceleration sensor all are connected with the FPGA chip through AD modulate circuit, an acceleration sensor fixed mounting is to the suspended passive end of automobile diesel engine installation, No. two acceleration sensor fixed mounting to diesel engine organism body.
Furthermore, the first acceleration sensor and the second acceleration sensor are differential acceleration sensors.
Furthermore, the FPGA chip comprises an ADC sampling module, a variable sampling module, a parameter configuration module, an AXI interface conversion module, a data cache module, a rotating speed conversion module, a torque conversion module and a CAN data conversion module which are all program logic, and the ADC sampling module, the variable sampling module, the parameter configuration module, the AXI interface conversion module, the data cache module, the rotating speed conversion module, the torque conversion module and the CAN data conversion module are connected according to the execution flow and condition signals of the FPGA chip.
Furthermore, the ARM chip comprises an AXI communication module, a parameter configuration module, a vibration acquisition module, a self-learning module and a fault diagnosis module which are all program logic, and the AXI communication module, the parameter configuration module, the vibration acquisition module, the self-learning module and the fault diagnosis module are connected according to the execution flow and condition signals of the ARM chip.
Compared with the prior art, the vehicle-mounted diagnosis system for the diesel engine has the following advantages:
(1) the diesel engine vehicle-mounted diagnosis system has a simple structure and a reasonable design, and the fault alarm limitation adopts an initial sample point self-learning method, so that the monitoring of the running fault of the diesel engine by various vehicle platforms is met; the differential sensor is adopted and the background road-mounted sensor is arranged, so that the anti-interference performance of the system used in the vehicle is improved, the system is suitable for fault monitoring of vehicles with special purposes such as engineering machinery and mountain land vehicles, the system fault early warning accuracy is improved, and the false alarm rate is reduced.
(2) The diesel engine vehicle-mounted diagnosis system is provided with a display terminal, has the functions of checking FFT data, order data, intensity data, FFT increment data, order increment data and intensity increment data at the alarm moment, and is convenient for field maintenance personnel to quickly position faults.
(3) The diesel engine vehicle-mounted diagnosis system provided by the invention is provided with the data storage chip, can be used for continuously monitoring data in the vehicle running process, is convenient for deeply analyzing the mechanism of vehicle faults after equipment faults and is convenient for optimization design.
(4) The vehicle-mounted diagnosis system of the diesel engine is simple to install when used in a real vehicle, and the diesel engine in the vehicle can meet the working requirement of the system only by additionally arranging an acceleration sensor.
The invention also aims to provide a diagnosis method of the vehicle-mounted diagnosis system of the diesel engine, so as to avoid the problems that the fault cannot be identified and the development period is prolonged due to serious faults of the diesel engine in the development period.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a diagnosis method of a diesel engine on-board diagnosis system comprises the following steps:
s1, installing the hardware structure inside an automobile power bin, fixedly installing the first acceleration sensor to a passive end of an automobile diesel engine installation suspension, and fixedly installing the second acceleration sensor to a diesel engine body;
s2, starting a control system and a hardware structure, feeding measurement characteristics of each component in the hardware structure back to an FPGA chip for acquisition, control and operation, and feeding information back to an ARM chip by the FPGA chip for interactive parameter configuration, storage coordination and fault identification operation;
s3, stepping the working conditions of the rotating speed, the torque and the oil temperature of the diesel engine to determine the upper limit value and the lower limit value of the alarm of the working condition of the diesel engine, forming a three-dimensional fault alarm identification mode and carrying out fault identification;
s4, automatically dividing the parameters of the rotating speed, the torque and the oil temperature of the diesel engine according to the horizontal number of the intervals set by a user, counting the upper limit and the lower limit of the alarm limit value through a self-learning module, forming a four-dimensional fault alarm recognition mode, and performing fault recognition;
s5, taking the three-dimensional fault alarm recognition mode as a basic recognition mode of the operation condition of the diesel engine, and taking the four-dimensional fault alarm recognition mode as an additional recognition mode;
and S6, detecting in real time according to the FFT data, the order data, the intensity data, the FFT incremental data, the order incremental data and the intensity incremental data on the display terminal, and judging whether the diesel engine has a fault.
Compared with the prior art, the diagnosis method of the vehicle-mounted diagnosis system of the diesel engine has the following advantages:
(1) the diagnosis method of the diesel engine vehicle-mounted diagnosis system has strong applicability and high reliability, can be used for monitoring the running state of various vehicles such as machinery, electric control and the like, and particularly meets the early diagnosis of the diesel engine fault of a power-enhanced vehicle.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate an embodiment of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a bottom hardware structure diagram of a diesel engine on-board diagnostic system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a FPGA acquisition flow chart of the diesel engine vehicle-mounted diagnosis system according to the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a flowchart of ARM control acquisition calculation of the diesel engine on-board diagnostic system according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a three-dimensional fault alarm recognition diagram of the diesel engine vehicle-mounted diagnosis system according to the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional and four-dimensional working condition grading of the diesel engine vehicle-mounted diagnosis system according to the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art through specific situations.
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
The noun explains:
an FPGA chip: an FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array), which is a product of further development based on Programmable devices such as PAL, GAL, CPLD, etc. The circuit is a semi-custom circuit in the field of Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASIC), not only overcomes the defects of the custom circuit, but also overcomes the defect that the number of gate circuits of the original programmable device is limited.
ARM chip: the power consumption of the ARM chip is in direct proportion to the working frequency, and the ARM chip generally has a low power consumption mode, a sleep mode and an off mode. In order to enhance multitasking capability, mathematical operation capability, multimedia and network processing capability, a plurality of cores are built in an ARM chip provided by some suppliers, and the common structures include ARM + DSP, ARM + FPGA, ARM + ARM and the like.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the on-board diagnosis system of the diesel engine comprises a control system and a hardware structure thereof, wherein the control system and the hardware structure thereof are both located in an automobile power cabin, the control system comprises an FPGA chip and an ARM chip, the hardware structure comprises an acceleration sensor, a start driver, a reset button, a speed sensor, a vehicle bus interface, a vehicle battery, a sensor power supply box, an AD conditioning circuit, an IO conditioning circuit, a pulse conditioning circuit, a CAN circuit, a power supply circuit, a storage chip and a display terminal, the acceleration sensor is connected with the FPGA chip through the AD conditioning circuit, the start driver and the reset button are connected with the FPGA chip through the IO conditioning circuit, the speed sensor is connected with the FPGA chip through the pulse conditioning circuit, the vehicle bus interface is connected with the FPGA chip through the CAN circuit, and the vehicle power supply box and the sensor power supply box are connected with the FPGA chip, the FPGA chip is connected with a display terminal through an ARM chip, the ARM chip is also connected with a storage chip, an AD conditioning circuit, an IO conditioning circuit, a pulse conditioning circuit, a CAN circuit and a power supply circuit of the FPGA chip are all the prior art, the system is mainly designed and characterized in that a sensor and detection hardware meeting the requirements of a vehicle are customized by evaluating the interference and use environment conditions in vehicle application, acceleration information acquired by each vibration pickup point corresponds to the engine rotating speed, torque, oil temperature, oil pressure and road load parameters to form multi-dimensional working condition fault characteristic identification parameters, the false alarm rate of the system to the faults of the diesel engine is reduced, the system meets the requirements of the vehicle use of an engine controller without torque calculation through a torque calculation module, the adaptive range of a vehicle-mounted vibration diagnosis system of the diesel engine is increased, initial data is stored through a storage device, and the main fault characteristic trend in the vehicle running is continuously recorded, the stable state monitoring of the diesel engine is achieved.
The acceleration sensor comprises a first acceleration sensor and a plurality of second acceleration sensors, wherein the first acceleration sensor and the second acceleration sensors are connected with an FPGA chip through an AD conditioning circuit, and the first acceleration sensor is fixedly installed at a driven end of an automobile diesel engine installation suspension and used as a road-mounted sensor for monitoring the bumpy road condition of a vehicle, so that the situation that the vibration data of the acceleration sensors on the diesel engine is out of limit due to the road condition characteristics and the fault misinformation of a monitoring system is caused is avoided; the second acceleration sensor is fixedly installed on the diesel engine body and used for monitoring the working state of the diesel engine during the vehicle running and early warning faults, the first acceleration sensor and the second acceleration sensor are both 357A100 in model, the starting driver is ZHIYU1224V in model, and the speed measuring sensor is TM5641 in model.
The first acceleration sensor and the second acceleration sensor are differential acceleration sensors, so that the interference of a complex electromagnetic environment in a vehicle system on a vibration acquisition signal is avoided.
The FPGA chip comprises an ADC sampling module, a variable sampling module, a parameter configuration module, an AXI interface conversion module, a data cache module, a rotating speed conversion module, a torque conversion module and a CAN data conversion module which are all program logic, and the ADC sampling module, the variable sampling module, the parameter configuration module, the AXI interface conversion module, the data cache module, the rotating speed conversion module, the torque conversion module and the CAN data conversion module are connected according to the execution flow and condition signals of the FPGA chip and are responsible for the vibration data acquisition of a crankshaft domain, the data resampling of the crankshaft domain to a time domain, the CAN bus conversion, the conversion of the rotating speed output pulse of the diesel engine to a steady state rotating speed and a transient state rotating speed, the conversion of the rotating speed output pulse of the throttle data to the torque parameter and the rotating speed output by the CAN bus of the vehicle, the oil temperature, the oil pressure, the throttle and the torque data conversion, and the high-speed data, And steady-state data stream heat consisting of the torque, the oil temperature and the oil pressure parameters is stored in a data cache module of the FPGA chip and converted into a circuit board internal communication protocol identified by the ARM chip to be sent through an AXI interface conversion module.
The ARM chip comprises an AXI communication module, a parameter configuration module, a vibration acquisition module, a self-learning module and a fault diagnosis module which are all program logic, the ADC sampling module, the variable sampling module, the parameter configuration module, the AXI interface conversion module, the data cache module, the rotating speed conversion module, the torque conversion module and the CAN data conversion module are connected according to the execution flow and condition signals of the FPGA chip, and are responsible for distributing configuration information, such as the model number of a vehicle engine, the rotating speed range, the power, the sensitivity coefficient of an acceleration sensor, the type of a speed measuring sensor, the tooth disc of the position of the speed measuring sensor, the resolution protocol of vehicle CAN bus communication, the maximum analysis order, the order resolution and the like, configured by a display terminal user to the vibration acquisition module and the fault initialization module in the FPGA chip and the ARM chip and solidifying the parameters in a permanent backup storage area in the storage chip; the vibration acquisition module in the ARM chip is used for preprocessing vibration and instantaneous rotating speed time domain signals and performing FFT calculation; the fault diagnosis module is used for coordinating data backup, order calculation, three-dimensional fault alarm identification, four-dimensional fault alarm identification and road load impact interference identification.
A diagnosis method of a diesel engine on-board diagnosis system comprises the following steps:
s1, installing the hardware structure inside an automobile power bin, fixedly installing the first acceleration sensor to a passive end of an automobile diesel engine installation suspension, and fixedly installing the second acceleration sensor to a diesel engine body;
s2, starting a control system and a hardware structure, feeding measurement characteristics of each component in the hardware structure back to an FPGA chip for acquisition, control and operation, and feeding information back to an ARM chip by the FPGA chip for interactive parameter configuration, storage coordination and fault identification operation;
s3, stepping the working conditions of the rotating speed, the torque and the oil temperature of the diesel engine to determine the upper limit value and the lower limit value of the alarm of the working condition of the diesel engine, forming a three-dimensional fault alarm identification mode and carrying out fault identification;
s4, automatically dividing the parameters of the rotating speed, the torque and the oil temperature of the diesel engine according to the horizontal number of the intervals set by a user, counting the upper limit and the lower limit of the alarm limit value through a self-learning module, forming a four-dimensional fault alarm recognition mode, and performing fault recognition;
s5, taking the three-dimensional fault alarm recognition mode as a basic recognition mode of the operation condition of the diesel engine, and taking the four-dimensional fault alarm recognition mode as an additional recognition mode;
and S6, detecting in real time according to the FFT data, the order data, the intensity data, the FFT incremental data, the order incremental data and the intensity incremental data on the display terminal, and judging whether the diesel engine has a fault.
The three-dimensional fault alarm recognition illustration figure 4 is automatically divided according to the interval level number set by a user by the parameters of rotating speed, torque and oil temperature, and the upper limit and the lower limit of an alarm limit value are counted by a self-learning module; in the example shown in fig. 4, the flag "x 1.x2.x 3", x1 is a rotational speed operating condition monitoring step flag, x2 is a torque operating condition monitoring step flag, and x1 is an oil temperature operating condition monitoring step flag. The upper limit value and the lower limit value of the alarm of the operation working condition of the diesel engine are determined by three parameters of the rotating speed, the torque and the oil temperature.
The upper limit alarm self-learning setting adopts the intensity, the order and 2 times of the FFT spectrum peak value counted by the learning working condition as well as the vibration acceleration and the 2-order change rate of the instantaneous rotating speed as the alarm limit; the lower limit alarm self-learning setting adopts 1/2 of the intensity lower envelope limit of the learning condition statistics as an alarm limit to identify the state of the vehicle-mounted diagnosis system (sensor fault or cable line fault and the like);
the four-dimensional fault alarm identification example is shown in the following table 1, the interval level number set by a user is automatically divided according to the rotating speed, the torque, the oil temperature and the oil pressure parameters, and the upper limit and the lower limit of the alarm limit value are counted through a self-learning module:
TABLE 1
In order to meet dynamic process monitoring, overlapping areas exist among the working condition gears of the three-dimensional and four-dimensional working condition grading, the working condition gears are overlapped by 10% -20%, and the overlapping areas are shown in figure 5.
The working principle of the diesel engine vehicle-mounted diagnosis system comprises an FPGA chip acquisition step and an ARM chip control acquisition and calculation step, wherein the FPGA chip acquisition step comprises the following steps:
a1, electrifying the diesel engine vehicle-mounted vibration diagnosis system, and loading the signals and information extracted and stored by the ARM chip into a configuration module of the FPGA chip; specifically, after the vehicle-mounted vibration diagnosis system of the diesel engine is powered on, the stored electric signal-to-physical signal, communication signal-to-physical signal and order sampling rate configuration parameter information are extracted by the ARM chip and loaded into the configuration module in the FPGA chip.
A2, a configuration module in the FPGA chip distributes the maximum analysis order, the crank angle resolution, the rotating speed conversion coefficient, the torque conversion coefficient and the thermal parameter conversion coefficient to a rotating speed conversion module, a torque conversion module, a CAN data conversion module and a variable sampling rate module, completes the module initialization work in the FPGA chip, waits for an ARM chip to issue an acquisition command, and triggers an ADC acquisition module to output a data stream and cache the data stream and transient rotating speed data into a data cache module;
a3, caching the data stream output by the ADC acquisition module and transient speed data into a data cache module, adopting data synchronization, outputting voltage signals of a plurality of acceleration sensors by a variable sampling module through an FPGA chip to control the moment t0 acquired by the ADC sampling module, extracting the transient speed data output by a speed conversion module at the moment t0 of synchronization, inputting the instantaneous speed data into a data receiving module of the FPGA chip and converting the instantaneous speed data into an internal data stream with a bit width of 32 bits; the data caching module caches the internal data stream, and sets a FIFO full mark when the data length meets the configuration requirement; when a reading signal of the ARM chip is detected, simultaneously setting a FIFO full mark, and converting cache data in the data cache module into an AXI-Stream interface through the interface conversion module for output; and after the ARM chip receives the complete collected data, processing the data.
A4 and ARM chips send the torque mark position calculated through the pedal to the FPGA chip torque calculation module to judge whether the torque calculation module works, when the position is marked, the torque module works, and the torque result calculated by using the air-fuel ratio and the accelerator-oil quantity parameters sent by the ARM chips and the CAN communication parameters are stored in a steady state parameter area in the data cache module. When the mark position is reset, the torque module does not work, and torque data in the CAN communication parameters are directly stored in the data cache module;
signals output by the A5 and the speed measurement sensor are converted into standard pulse signals through the pulse conditioning circuit and input into a rotating speed conversion module of the FPGA chip, the rotating speed conversion module respectively calculates steady-state rotating speed and transient rotating speed, steady-state rotating speed parameters and CAN communication parameters are stored in a steady-state parameter area in the data cache module, and the ARM chip extracts three-dimensional and four-dimensional early warning limit values of the diesel engine according to data in the steady-state parameter area. The transient rotating speed parameter and the acceleration parameter are stored in a high-speed synchronous data area in a data cache module, and an ARM chip carries out post-processing on the data in the high-speed synchronous area to generate a fault monitoring characteristic value of the operating condition of the diesel engine;
a6, converting the data in the data buffer module into AXI-Stream interface through the interface conversion module, outputting to ARM chip, and further filtering, resampling, FFT, order, statistical calculation, and alarming by the ARM chip.
A7, the variable sampling module converts the instantaneous speed output by the speed conversion module into the crank angle
And the high-frequency clock is used for carrying out incremental interpolation on the crank angle, the angular resolution is adjusted to be the same as the configuration requirement issued by the ARM chip, and quadratic polynomial is used
Calculating constant coefficient c0, first order coefficient c1 and second order coefficient c2, calculating resampling time t corresponding to any crank angle,
when the sampling frequency needs to be configured, new configuration information is generated, and the working mode of the ADC sampling module is updated through the variable sampling module of the FPGA chip, so that synchronous acquisition and tracking of the rotating speed and the vibration are achieved.
The ARM chip control collection comprises the following steps:
b1, after the ARM chip is started, reading configuration file information input by a user: the model number, the rotating speed range, the power, the sensitivity coefficient of an acceleration sensor, the type of a speed measuring sensor, the tooth disc tooth number of the position of the speed measuring sensor, the analytic protocol of the CAN bus communication of the vehicle, the maximum analysis order, the order resolution, the three-dimensional fault alarm working condition grading of the diesel engine, the four-dimensional fault alarm working condition grading of the diesel engine and the fault alarm triggering mode are used, a configuration packet is formed, the following information is issued, and the system initialization is carried out.
B2, issuing a rotation speed conversion module initialization to the FPGA chip, initializing a variable sampling module, distributing rotation speed calculation trigger configuration, instantaneous rotation speed calculation configuration, crankshaft angle resolution configuration and maximum sampling order configuration to complete rotation speed module configuration;
b3, judging a calculated torque marking position issued to the FPGA chip according to whether a user selects to calculate a torque marking position through a pedal, issuing a torque conversion module to the FPGA chip for initialization, distributing air-fuel ratio configuration and accelerator oil quantity conversion configuration corresponding to the operating speed working condition, and completing the configuration of the calculated torque module;
b4, issuing a vehicle CAN bus parameter conversion protocol to the FPGA chip, initializing a CAN data conversion module, distributing the ID of a CAN bus where the thermotechnical parameter is located, and defining data position, data length and conversion coefficient in a message, completing the configuration of the CAN data conversion module, requesting oil temperature, oil pressure, steady-state rotating speed, throttle and torque data from the FPGA, and updating a storage chip;
b5, issuing vibration acquisition initialization to the FPGA chip, judging the start of vibration acquisition by the ARM chip according to a starting signal input by a starting driver, sending a start acquisition flag bit to the FPGA chip, receiving FPGA time domain data through an AXI interface after the preparation of FPGA periodic data is finished, updating a time domain cache in the ARM chip, resampling instantaneous rotating speed and vibration data by using a clock frequency in the ARM chip, homogenizing a sampling interval according to the requirement of spectral resolution, preprocessing homogenized time domain data by using a low-pass filter, performing Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) on the processed data, marking and setting a periodic sampling completion flag, and updating a storage chip;
b6, when the ARM chip is started for the first time, the three-dimensional and four-dimensional alarm limits adopt preset limits, after the diesel engine runs, the ARM chip requests oil temperature, oil pressure, steady-state rotating speed, accelerator and torque information from the FPGA chip, the three-dimensional and four-dimensional alarm table configured by a user is checked, whether the current engine running working condition self-learns the alarm limit value is judged, if the current engine running working condition self-learns the alarm limit value, the alarm limit value self-learns and initializes, when self-learning is distributed, the standard difference parameters are changed (default is 10 samples per second), the three-dimensional and four-dimensional alarm limit values are generated, the self-learning completion marking position is set, and the storage chip;
b7, ARM chip fault diagnosis initialization, inquiring whether a periodic sampling flag bit exists in the FPGA chip, if the acquisition is completed, backing up vibration time domain data, instantaneous rotating speed data, thermal parameter data and FFT calculation data to a storage chip in sequence, after the backup is completed, setting a backup completion flag bit, calling a rank calculation function and an intensity calculation function in sequence for calculation, then identifying a working condition area of the diesel engine by using a three-dimensional judgment function, comparing alarm parameters through three-dimensional comparison, forming alarm trigger, uploading alarm data and storing the alarm data in a manual maintenance storage area. When the three-dimensional comparison alarm parameters do not trigger the alarm, the operating condition area of the diesel engine is identified by using the four-dimensional judgment function, the alarm trigger is formed by comparing the four-dimensional comparison alarm parameters, and the alarm data is uploaded and stored in the manual maintenance storage area. When the three-dimensional alarm and the four-dimensional alarm are not triggered, automatically storing the order calculation data and the intensity calculation data in a storage chip to form a process trend, and continuously inquiring whether the FPGA chip finishes periodic sampling after periodically calculating alarm position bits;
b8, setting the manual maintenance storage area in the ARM chip as an over-limit count triggering alarm and a continuous over-limit alarm, automatically extracting the FFT data, the order data and the intensity data of the current working condition of the diesel engine in the initial operation period after the alarm is triggered, comparing the FFT data, the order data and the intensity data with the FFT data, the order data and the intensity data at the alarm moment, giving an increment, and uploading the increment to a display terminal; setting a periodic calculation alarm flag position, and further monitoring the state of the diesel engine;
b9, the ARM chip monitors a passive end side acceleration sensor installed on a diesel engine installation suspension to serve as a background monitoring value, when the vehicle is in the process of traveling and the whole vehicle impact response is caused by road surface factors, the alarm occurs on FFT data, order data and intensity data of the passive end side acceleration monitoring of the installation suspension, and meanwhile, an acceleration measuring point installed on the diesel engine triggers the alarm, so that a false alarm is considered and the alarm is not triggered.
The display terminal is used for man-machine interaction, and a user can perform the following configuration information:
c1, setting the model of the vehicle engine, the rotating speed range, the power, the sensitivity coefficient of the acceleration sensor, the type of the speed measuring sensor, the fluted disc tooth number of the position of the speed measuring sensor, the analytic protocol of the vehicle CAN bus communication, the maximum analysis order and the order resolution by the user;
c2, setting working conditions of the rotating speed, the torque and the oil temperature of the diesel engine to be graded by a user to form a three-dimensional fault alarm identification function;
c3, setting working conditions of the rotating speed, the torque, the oil temperature and the oil pressure of the diesel engine by a user to be graded to form a four-dimensional fault alarm identification function;
c4, the user selects the configuration failure alarm trigger mode as follows: an alarm is triggered by the over-limit counting, a continuous over-limit alarm or both;
c5, displaying FFT characteristic data, order characteristic data, FFT increment characteristic data, order increment characteristic data and intensity characteristic data of the current operation condition of the diesel engine;
and C6, displaying the FFT characteristic data at the fault time of the diesel engine, and the difference curve of the order characteristic data and the initial data.
In addition, the storage chip is used for configuring information record, analyzing detailed operation state and triggering fault, data results CAN be directly exported to secondary analysis software, in addition, the storage data is divided into a permanent backup storage area and a constant capacity storage area under the limitation of storage capacity, configuration information such as the model of a vehicle engine, the rotating speed range, power, the sensitivity coefficient of an acceleration sensor, the type of a speed measuring sensor, the tooth disc tooth number of the position of the speed measuring sensor, the analysis protocol of vehicle CAN bus communication, the maximum analysis order, the order resolution ratio and the like is used for being stored in the permanent backup storage area, initial time domain data in a self-learning process, time domain data at the alarm moment, FFT characteristic data in a diesel engine operation process, order characteristic data in the diesel engine operation process, intensity characteristic data in the diesel engine operation process and alarm limit value are fixedly stored in the permanent backup storage, the constant volume storage area is used for storing vibration, instantaneous rotating speed and thermal engineering time domain data of the whole process of the diesel engine, and the first day record in the data area is automatically cleared after the total data amount reaches the set storage capacity so as to facilitate the data entry in the same day.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (6)
1. The on-vehicle diagnostic system of diesel engine, its characterized in that: the automobile power cabin control system comprises a control system and a hardware structure thereof which are positioned inside an automobile power cabin, wherein the control system comprises an FPGA chip and an ARM chip, the hardware structure comprises an acceleration sensor, a starting driver, a reset button, a speed measuring sensor, an automobile bus interface, an automobile battery, a sensor power supply box, an AD conditioning circuit, an IO conditioning circuit, a pulse conditioning circuit, a CAN circuit, a power supply circuit, a storage chip and a display terminal, the acceleration sensor is connected with the FPGA chip through the AD conditioning circuit, the starting driver and the reset button are connected with the FPGA chip through the IO conditioning circuit, the speed measuring sensor is connected with the FPGA chip through the pulse conditioning circuit, the automobile bus interface is connected with the FPGA chip through the CAN circuit, the automobile power supply and the sensor power supply box are connected with the FPGA chip through the power supply circuit, and the FPGA chip is connected with the display terminal through the ARM, the ARM chip is also connected with a storage chip.
2. The on-board diagnostic system for a diesel engine as set forth in claim 1, wherein: acceleration sensor includes an acceleration sensor and a plurality of No. two acceleration sensor, and an acceleration sensor and No. two acceleration sensor all are connected with the FPGA chip through AD modulate circuit, an acceleration sensor fixed mounting is to the suspended passive end of automobile diesel engine installation, No. two acceleration sensor fixed mounting is to diesel engine organism body.
3. The on-board diagnostic system for a diesel engine as set forth in claim 2, wherein: the first acceleration sensor and the second acceleration sensor are differential acceleration sensors.
4. The on-board diagnostic system for a diesel engine as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the FPGA chip comprises an ADC sampling module, a variable sampling module, a parameter configuration module, an AXI interface conversion module, a data cache module, a rotating speed conversion module, a torque conversion module and a CAN data conversion module which are all program logic, and the ADC sampling module, the variable sampling module, the parameter configuration module, the AXI interface conversion module, the data cache module, the rotating speed conversion module, the torque conversion module and the CAN data conversion module are connected according to the execution flow and condition signals of the FPGA chip.
5. The on-board diagnostic system for a diesel engine as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the ARM chip comprises an AXI communication module, a parameter configuration module, a vibration acquisition module, a self-learning module and a fault diagnosis module which are all program logic, and the AXI communication module, the parameter configuration module, the vibration acquisition module, the self-learning module and the fault diagnosis module are connected according to an execution flow and condition signals of the ARM chip.
6. The diagnostic method of the on-board diagnostic system for a diesel engine according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, installing the hardware structure inside an automobile power bin, fixedly installing the first acceleration sensor to a passive end of an automobile diesel engine installation suspension, and fixedly installing the second acceleration sensor to a diesel engine body;
s2, starting a control system and a hardware structure, feeding measurement characteristics of each component in the hardware structure back to an FPGA chip for acquisition, control and operation, and feeding information back to an ARM chip by the FPGA chip for interactive parameter configuration, storage coordination and fault identification operation;
s3, stepping the working conditions of the rotating speed, the torque and the oil temperature of the diesel engine to determine the upper limit value and the lower limit value of the alarm of the working condition of the diesel engine, forming a three-dimensional fault alarm identification mode and carrying out fault identification;
s4, automatically dividing the parameters of the rotating speed, the torque and the oil temperature of the diesel engine according to the horizontal number of the intervals set by a user, counting the upper limit and the lower limit of the alarm limit value through a self-learning module, forming a four-dimensional fault alarm recognition mode, and performing fault recognition;
s5, taking the three-dimensional fault alarm recognition mode as a basic recognition mode of the operation condition of the diesel engine, and taking the four-dimensional fault alarm recognition mode as an additional recognition mode;
and S6, detecting in real time according to the FFT data, the order data, the intensity data, the FFT incremental data, the order incremental data and the intensity incremental data on the display terminal, and judging whether the diesel engine has a fault.
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