CN112663155B - Sea-island fiber for thermal forming non-woven fabric and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Sea-island fiber for thermal forming non-woven fabric and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a sea-island fiber for a thermal forming non-woven fabric and a preparation method thereof, wherein the sea-island fiber is a fixed island structure, the fixed islands are distributed in a sea phase in an annular uniform arrangement mode, the fixed island structure is composed of 1 circle of outer islands and 1-4 circles of inner islands, the outer islands are linear low-density polyethylene, the inner islands are mainly composed of polyester or nylon, the diameter of the outer islands is less than or equal to that of the inner islands, and the gap between every two adjacent outer islands is less than that of the inner islands; the preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) preparing sea-island fibers with a sea-island structure by adopting composite spinning; (2) and (2) carrying out first water bath drafting on the sea-island fiber prepared in the step (1), then carrying out second oil bath drafting, then feeding into a crimping machine, crimping, drying and shaping the fiber bundle, and finally cutting and packaging to obtain the sea-island fiber for the thermal forming non-woven fabric. The sea-island fiber for the thermal forming non-woven fabric prepared by the method has excellent mechanical properties, the breaking strength reaches 3.00-4.00 cN/dtex, the elongation is 60-90%, and the elongation is far higher than that of the conventional sheath-core ES fiber.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of sea-island fibers, and relates to a sea-island fiber for a thermal forming non-woven fabric and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The hot-forming non-woven fabric can be bonded by hot air to obtain soft fluffy non-woven fabric, and the hot-rolling bonding can obtain high-strength non-woven fabric, etc., so that the hot-forming non-woven fabric is widely applied to producing products such as sanitary materials, filtering materials, thermal filling materials, etc., and mainly plays a role of a supporting layer.
Currently, the thermoforming non-woven fabric generally uses sheath-core fiber, which is formed by compounding two components along the axial direction of the fiber, wherein the low-melting-point component is a sheath, and the high-melting-point component is a core; for example, ES (Ethylene-Propylene Side By Side) fiber commonly used in the market is first developed By Japan Shixuan corporation, and PE is mostly used as a skin layer and PP is used as a core layer, so that the fiber has good thermal bonding property and strong processing suitability.
Due to the normalization of new crown epidemic situation, the demand of non-woven fabrics for medical and health care is continuously increased at home and abroad, and the market demand of the ES fiber is gradually increased by virtue of excellent performances of the ES fiber. At present, along with the internationalization of the market of the non-woven fabrics for medical care and health, higher requirements are put forward on the product quality of the non-woven fabrics for medical care and health, for example, the wearing time of the mask products is obviously prolonged compared with the conventional using time, the using time of part of masks even exceeds 24 hours, and new requirements are put forward on the quality of the thermally formed non-woven fabrics for masks (such as the hot air non-woven fabrics used as the middle interlayer of the KN95 mask). The conventional ES short fiber structure in the market is a skin-core structure, so that the fiber strength, the elongation and the like basically reach the bottleneck, and the fiber strength and the elongation are difficult to be improved in a breakthrough manner.
The island-in-sea fiber uses two or more incompatible components in the fiber, one component (island) is highly dispersed in the other component (sea), the island components and the sea components in the island-in-sea fiber are continuously, densely and uniformly distributed in the fiber axial direction, and the fiber elongation and strength are obviously higher than those of the sheath-core fiber. Island fibers are currently commonly used in the preparation of microfiber leathers.
Island fiber before preparing microfiber leather, a island fiber nonwoven fabric is first prepared, however, the inventors have found through simple trial and experiment that the direct use of island fiber instead of ES fiber for thermoforming nonwoven fabric has several problems as follows:
(1) the non-woven fabric prepared from the sea-island fibers is mainly prepared by applying a reinforcing method such as needling or spunlace and the like, so that the fibers in the fiber web are mutually entangled and cohered to form the non-woven fabric with stable structure and physical properties. When a nonwoven fabric is produced by a thermoforming process, on the other hand, excellent adhesion to the fiber surface is often required, and the island phase of the sea-island fibers is exposed to the island phase, resulting in a nonwoven fabric web having a low degree of adhesion.
(2) In the sea-island fiber, the strength and elongation of the fiber are significantly improved compared to the ES fiber because the inside of the fiber is generally tens to hundreds of fine fibers having island diameters, but the obtained nonwoven fabric is inferior in stiffness and support.
Most enterprises still improve the productivity as the first problem to be solved urgently, and continue to move the mature production technology on the product, and less investment is made in the research and development of the performance optimization of the non-woven fabric for medical care and health under the new situation, so that the development in the international market is limited to a certain extent, therefore, the inventor thinks that the technology development of the novel thermal forming non-woven fabric is necessary and urgent research and development issues meeting the new environment by taking the sea-island fiber structure as the basis and replacing the traditional ES fiber.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a sea-island fiber of a heat-forming non-woven fabric, which replaces the traditional ES fiber, solves the problems of poor fiber physical property, adhesion and stiffness of the subsequent non-woven fabric in the prior art, and provides a preparation method of the sea-island fiber for the heat-forming non-woven fabric, which comprises the steps of composite spinning, stretching, curling, drying and shaping, and cutting to obtain short fiber with a sea-island structure for the heat-forming non-woven fabric.
In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a kind of thermoforming non-woven fabrics uses the island fiber, it is the structure of the fixed island, the fixed island is distributed in the sea facies in the form of annular even arrangement, the said fixed island structure is formed by 1 circle of outer roundabout and 1-4 circles of inner roundabout; the fixed islands are distributed in the sea phase in an annular uniform arrangement mode, namely the fixed islands are distributed into a circle of fixed islands in an annular shape and are called as 'ring islands', a plurality of circles of 'ring islands' are distributed from outside to inside to form a sea-island structure, the ring island at the outermost ring is called as 'outer ring islands', and the island inside the outer ring islands is called as 'inner ring islands';
the outer annular island component is Linear Low Density Polyethylene (LLDPE);
the main component of the inner ring island is polyester or nylon;
the diameter of the outer circular islands is smaller than or equal to that of the inner circular islands, and the gap between every two adjacent outer circular islands is smaller than that of the inner circular islands, so that the inner circular islands cannot be extruded to the surface along the gap during hot pressing.
The island phase of the prior conventional spinning polyester/PE or nylon/PE island fiber is often exposed, the melting point of the polyester or nylon is generally 220 ℃ or above, the melting point of the PE is 110 ℃, and when the thermal forming non-woven fabric is prepared, the exposed polyester or nylon is not softened during thermal forming, so that the non-woven fabric product has serious adhesion problem. The LLDPE with a lower melting point is used as the outer island component of the sea-island fiber, and the adhesiveness among the fibers is not influenced even if the LLDPE is exposed on the surface of the sea-island fiber in the spinning process. The diameter of the outer annular island of the island fiber is smaller than or equal to that of the inner annular island through the design of a spinneret plate, and the gap between the outer annular islands is smaller than that of the second annular island, so that the bonding defect caused by exposure of the inner annular island fiber is effectively prevented.
As a preferred technical scheme:
the sea-island fiber for a thermoformed nonwoven fabric as described above, the sea component of which is Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE); the mass ratio of the island component to the sea component is 50: 50-75: 25; the outer ring island component accounts for 5-15 wt% of the total island components; the sea-island fiber had a fiber fineness of 2.0. + -. 0.2 dtex.
The sea-island fiber for the thermoformed nonwoven fabric has a melting point of the linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE) higher than a melting point of the low-density polyethylene (LDPE) by 10 to 20 ℃. The outer ring island component is Linear Low Density Polyethylene (LLDPE) which has a melting point 10-20 ℃ higher than that of sea component Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE), and because the outer ring island component and the sea component LDPE have good intersolubility, outer ring island fibers can not be formed to completely block the exposure of the inner ring island component in the spinning process, so that the LLDPE with a certain melting point difference needs to be selected, and the two phases of the LLDPE and the LDPE can not diffuse with each other when the LLDPE and the LDPE are converged in a spinning nozzle by utilizing the melting point difference, and the LLDPE with a high melting point is cooled and solidified at an interface of the LDPE. Of course, the melting point of the LLDPE should not be selected to be too high, which would otherwise affect the bonding properties of the islands-in-sea fiber.
The modulus of polyester or nylon in the inner ring island component is not less than 2600MPa, and the number of the inner ring islands is 12-48.
The invention creatively transfers the sea-island fiber to the field of the thermal forming non-woven fabric, replaces the traditional ES sheath-core composite fiber, and researches the inner ring island which has the main framework structure so as to obtain the optimal performance of the sea-island fiber suitable for the field of the thermal forming non-woven fabric. The same conclusion as that disclosed in the prior art is that experiments show that, in a certain range, the higher the island component is, the thinner the island diameter is, the better the physical properties of the sea-island fiber are; however, the skin-core type large island is converted into dozens of island-diameter fine islands of a sea-island type, the conversion reduces the stiffness of the fiber to a certain extent, in order to solve the problem, the invention preferably has the mass ratio of island components to sea components of 50: 50-75: 25, preferably 65: 35-75: 25, the inner ring island component accounts for 85-95 wt% of the total island components, and designs a smaller number of inner ring islands as much as possible, on one hand, the higher the island components are, the better the tensile strength of the sea-island fiber is, and the less sea separation among the islands is, so as to ensure that the island phases generate surface contact with each other under the action of force to generate partial fusion when the sea-island fiber is subjected to thermal forming; on the other hand, under the condition of ensuring the mechanical strength, the number of the inner ring islands is designed as small as possible, the island diameter of the inner ring islands is ensured not to be too thin, and the flexibility caused by single superfine fiber can be greatly reduced; the modulus of the polymer of the inner ring island component is more than or equal to 2600MPa, and the high-modulus polymer is selected to ensure that the whole non-woven fabric can achieve the required stiffness.
The sea-island fiber for a thermoformed nonwoven fabric comprises the inner islands containing PE-g-MAH at least in the outermost ring, and the PE-g-MAH content in the outermost ring of the inner islands is 2 to 5 wt%.
It was found experimentally that when other components were used for the outermost islands, optimum stiffness and performance of the nonwoven fabric could not be obtained even in the case of using the highly crystalline, highly rigid inner cyclic island component.
In order to solve the problems, at least one circle of the inner annular island close to the outer annular island contains 2-5 wt% of PE-g-MAH.
Experiments show that when polyester or nylon is directly used as an inner annular island, a circle of inner annular island close to an outer annular island is layered due to the fact that the two components have large polarity difference (polyester or nylon is polar polymer, and LLDPE is nonpolar polymer) and two-phase systems are incompatible, in the bonding process, sea phases are gradually softened and deformed, and the fusion between the LLDPE island and the polyester island or the nylon island is poor; under the action of external force, the external force action born by the outer annular island and the inner annular island is obviously different, and the integral stiffness of the sea-island fiber after thermal bonding is influenced. When a circle of the blend of the inner ring island component and the PE-g-MAH is introduced between the outer ring LLDPE islands and the inner ring polyester or nylon islands, the bonding force between the outer ring LLDPE islands and the inner ring polyester or nylon islands can be obviously improved, and the overall mechanical strength of the non-woven fabric obtained by thermally bonding the sea-island fibers is obviously improved.
The sea-island fiber for a thermoformed nonwoven fabric has a breaking strength of 3.00 to 4.00cN/dtex and an elongation at break of 60 to 90%.
The present invention also provides a method for preparing the sea-island fiber for a thermoformed nonwoven fabric as described in any one of the above, comprising the steps of:
(1) preparing sea-island fibers with a sea-island structure by adopting composite spinning;
(2) and (2) carrying out first water bath drafting on the sea-island fiber prepared in the step (1), then carrying out second oil bath drafting, then feeding into a crimping machine, crimping, drying and shaping the fiber bundle, and finally cutting and packaging to obtain the sea-island fiber for the thermal forming non-woven fabric.
As a preferred technical scheme:
in the method, the composite spinning process parameters are as follows:
spinning temperature: the temperature of a spinning screw feeding area of the sea component is 100-140 ℃, the temperature of a conveying area is 140-240 ℃, the temperature of a melting area is 180-250 ℃, and the temperature of a spinning box body is 250-275 ℃; the temperature of a spinning screw feeding area of the outer rotary island component is 110-160 ℃, the temperature of a conveying area is 170-240 ℃, the temperature of a melting area is 210-275 ℃, and the temperature of a spinning box body is 270-300 ℃; the temperature of a spinning screw feeding area of the inner rotary island component is 210-260 ℃, the temperature of a conveying area is 250-300 ℃, the temperature of a melting area is 270-305 ℃, and the temperature of a spinning box body is 270-305 ℃;
spinning speed: 500 to 1400 m/min.
The method as described above, in step (2):
the first water bath drafting is carried out, wherein the water bath temperature is 40-90 ℃, and the drafting multiplying power is 1.50-4.50 times;
the oil bath temperature of the second oil bath is 40-70 ℃, the drafting multiplying power is 1.00-2.00 times, the concentration of the oil agent in the oil bath is 3.5-6 wt%, and the oil agent is a commercially available spinning oil agent;
feeding the fiber bundle into a crimping machine for crimping, wherein the main pressure of the crimping machine is 0.25-0.45 MPa, and the back pressure is 0.20-0.35 MPa.
The principle of the invention is as follows:
the invention uses the sea-island structure to replace the traditional sheath-core ES fiber to prepare the non-woven fabric for the support material by thermoforming the non-woven fabric, and overcomes the disadvantage problem of the conventional sea-island fiber in the field.
The sea-island fiber is commonly used in the non-woven fabric for microfiber leather, and is prepared by a common needling/spunlace method, so that the fibers in the fiber web are mutually entangled and cohered to form the non-woven fabric with stable structure and physical properties; however, thermoforming is a network structure obtained by completely utilizing the softening and bonding between the PE with low melting point characteristic of the outer layer of the fiber to obtain a physical structure, and the sea-island fiber is often exposed by outer ring sea (high melting point nylon/polyester), so that the sea-island fiber has the defect of poor bonding on the surface, and finally, the mechanical property of the non-woven fabric is poor, and the non-woven fabric is easy to stretch and deform. According to the invention, the component of the outer rotary island is changed from nylon/polyester into LLDPE with the melting point 10-20 ℃ higher than that of LDPE of the sea component, and experiments prove that the LLDPE can well prevent the exposure of the component of the inner rotary island on the surface by utilizing the reasonable distribution design of the outer rotary island of the LLPDE; the melting point of the LLDPE is chosen to be critical and should not be too high on the one hand to ensure that exposure of the LLDPE island component does not affect adhesion; on the other hand, the melting point difference is not too low, so that LLDPE is cured in advance when the LLDPE and the LDPE are converged at a spinning head and the LLDPE is not converted into a sea phase, a certain fiber structure of the LLDPE can be still maintained in the thermoforming process, and the exposure of an inner ring island component on the surface is prevented.
The structure of the sea-island fiber can effectively improve the breaking strength and the like of the fiber, however, the big island of the sheath-core type is converted into a plurality of small islands of the sea-island type, the conversion enables the stiffness of the fiber to be reduced to a certain degree, and in order to solve the problem, the polyester or nylon with higher rigidity is used for replacing PP (core) in the traditional ES fiber; the mass ratio of the island component to the sea component is preferably 65-75: 35-25, and the inner annular island accounts for more than 60 wt% of the total content of the island component, so that the island phases are in surface contact adhesion under the action of force during thermoforming of the sea-island fiber, and the softness caused by a single superfine fiber can be greatly reduced; the modulus of the polymer of the inner ring island component is more than or equal to 2600MPa, and the high-modulus polymer is selected to ensure that the whole non-woven fabric can achieve the required stiffness. When island-in-sea fibers of two different island components are used, it is also necessary to add a compatibilizer to the inner ring of the ring close to the outer ring to transition the adhesion between the different island components.
Advantageous effects
(1) The sea-island fiber for the thermal forming non-woven fabric has excellent mechanical property, the breaking strength reaches 3.00-4.00 cN/dtex, the elongation at break is 60-90 percent, and the fiber is far higher than the conventional sheath-core ES fiber;
(2) compared with the conventional PA6/LDPE island fiber, the island fiber for the thermoforming non-woven fabric has excellent thermal adhesiveness, and when the non-woven fabric is prepared by using a thermoforming technology, the adhesiveness of the fiber is equivalent to that of a sheath-core ES fiber; the stretch breaking performance of the thermoformed nonwoven fabric prepared from the sea-island fiber is better than that of the thermoformed nonwoven fabric prepared from the conventional sheath-core fiber and the sea-island fiber, and the stiffness of the obtained nonwoven fabric is good.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a sea-island fiber for a thermoformed nonwoven fabric of the present invention, wherein the sea-island fiber has two island components, an outer island component being LLDPE and an inner island component being polyester or nylon;
FIGS. 2 to 5 are schematic structural diagrams of another sea-island fiber for a thermoformed nonwoven fabric according to the present invention, wherein the sea-island fiber comprises three island components, the outer island component is LLDPE, and at least one circle of the inner island close to the outer island also comprises 2 to 5wt% of PE-g-MAH;
FIG. 6 is a photograph taken with a Xylen VX-250 magnification factor of 200 showing the bonding of nonwoven webs of example 5 of the present invention;
FIG. 7 shows the adhesion of ES staple fibers in a PET core layer of a conventional commercially available skin-core structure, photographed using a Xylen VX-250, at a magnification of 200;
wherein, 1-outer roundabout, 2-inner roundabout, 3-sea phase, 4-inner roundabout containing PE-g-MAH.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Further, it should be understood that various changes or modifications of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teaching of the present invention, and such equivalents may fall within the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.
The Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE) used in the invention is selected from Asian Polymer company M2100 (melting point 105 ℃) and China petrochemical Shanghai petrochemical company H2300 (melting point 115 ℃); the Linear Low Density Polyethylene (LLDPE) is selected from DNDA-7144 (melting point 120 deg.C) of Michelson division of China petrochemical company Limited, and northern Europe chemical RG7242 (melting point 125 deg.C); the polyester is selected from PET materials of China petrochemical characterization chemical fiber Limited liability company, the relative viscosity is 0.65 +/-0.01, the PET materials are subjected to composite spinning after being dried, and the moisture is controlled to be below 50 ppm; the nylon is selected from PA 6M 2400 of Guangdong Xinhui Meida chinlon GmbH, and the relative viscosity is 0.24 +/-0.01; PE-g-MAH is manufactured by Hebei Tianqi Plastic Co.
The test method adopted by the invention is as follows:
(1) determination of tensile Properties of sea-island fibers
Randomly sampling 50 fiber samples, and determining the fineness of sea island fibers according to GB/T14335; determining the elongation at break and the breaking strength of the fiber according to GB/T14337-; the instrument is XQ-1A type fiber strength instrument and XD-1 type fiber titer instrument of Shanghai New fiber instruments Limited.
(2) The sea-island fiber is prepared into 40g/m by hot air type hot melt adhesion2The nonwoven fabric was thermoformed, and the adhesion state, tensile breaking property and stiffness of the nonwoven fabric were measured.
Determination of the bonding state of a thermoformed nonwoven prepared from sea-island fibers: and observing the bonding condition of the non-woven fabric fiber net by using a high power microscope.
Determination of tensile breaking Properties of the thermoformed nonwoven prepared from sea-island fibers: referring to GB/T24218.3-2010, longitudinal breaking strength and transverse breaking strength of the non-woven fabric are tested by using a YG026MB multifunctional electronic fabric strength tester, the size of a sample to be tested is 20cm multiplied by 5cm, the stretching distance is set to be 100mm, and the stretching speed is 100 mm/min.
Determination of stiffness of the thermoformed nonwoven prepared from sea-island fibers: with reference to GBT18318.1-2009, the stiffness of the nonwoven fabric was tested using a LLY-01B computer controlled stiffness tester, including longitudinal bending length and transverse bending length.
The outermost circle of inner roundabout is marked as a first circle of inner roundabout, and the circles of inner roundabout from outside to inside are respectively marked as a second circle of inner roundabout, a third circle of inner roundabout and a fourth circle.
Example 1
A preparation method of sea-island fiber for thermal forming non-woven fabric comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing sea-island fibers with a sea-island structure by adopting composite spinning;
the weight ratio of the raw materials is as follows:
outer ring island component: linear low density polyethylene having a melting point of 120 ℃;
inner ring island component: nylon;
sea components: low density polyethylene having a melting point of 105 ℃;
the mass ratio of the island component to the sea component is 50:50, the outer annular island component accounts for 15wt% of the total island component, and the inner annular island component accounts for 85 wt% of the total island component;
the composite spinning process parameters are as follows:
spinning temperature: the temperature of a spinning screw feeding area of the sea component is 100 ℃, the temperature of a conveying area is 140 ℃, the temperature of a melting area is 180 ℃, and the temperature of a spinning box body is 250 ℃; the temperature of a spinning screw feeding area of the outer roundabout component is 110 ℃, the temperature of a conveying area is 170 ℃, the temperature of a melting area is 210 ℃, and the temperature of a spinning box body is 270 ℃; the temperature of a spinning screw feeding area of the inner rotary island component is 210 ℃, the temperature of a conveying area is 250 ℃, the temperature of a melting area is 270 ℃, and the temperature of a spinning box body is 270 ℃;
spinning speed: 500 m/min;
(2) carrying out first water bath drafting on the sea-island fiber prepared in the step (1), then carrying out second oil bath drafting, then feeding into a crimping machine, crimping, drying and shaping fiber bundles, and finally cutting and packaging to prepare the sea-island fiber for the thermal forming non-woven fabric;
wherein, the first water bath drafting is carried out, the water bath temperature is 40 ℃, and the drafting multiplying power is 4.5 times; drawing the oil bath for the second time, wherein the oil bath temperature is 40 ℃, the drawing multiplying power is 2 times, and the oil concentration in the oil bath is 3.5 wt%; feeding the fiber bundle into a crimping machine for crimping, wherein the main pressure of the crimping machine is 0.25MPa, and the back pressure is 0.20 MPa.
The prepared sea-island fiber for the thermal forming non-woven fabric is of a fixed island structure, wherein the fixed islands are distributed in a sea phase in an annular uniform arrangement mode and consist of 1 circle of outer islands and 1 circle of inner islands; the diameter (2.5 μm) of the outer rotary island is smaller than the diameter (4.0 μm) of the inner rotary island; the gap (0.60 μm) between two adjacent outer circular islands is smaller than the diameter of the inner circular island; the polymer modulus of the inner ring islands is 2600MPa, and the number of the inner ring islands is 12.
Example 2
A preparation method of sea-island fiber for thermal forming non-woven fabric comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing sea-island fibers with a sea-island structure by adopting composite spinning;
the weight ratio of the raw materials is as follows: the mass ratio of the island component to the sea component (low density polyethylene having a melting point of 115 ℃) was 75:25, and the outer annular island component (linear low density polyethylene having a melting point of 125 ℃) accounted for 5wt% of the total island component; the inner rotary island component accounts for 95wt% of the total island component content; the first ring of inner roundabout (polyester) contains PE-g-MAH (the content is 2 wt%); the second ring of inner rotary island (polyester) does not contain PE-g-MAH; the third circle of inner rotary island (polyester) does not contain PE-g-MAH; the inner ring island of the fourth circle (polyester) does not contain PE-g-MAH;
the composite spinning process parameters are as follows:
spinning temperature: the temperature of a spinning screw feeding area of the sea component is 140 ℃, the temperature of a conveying area is 240 ℃, the temperature of a melting area is 250 ℃, and the temperature of a spinning box body is 275 ℃; the temperature of a spinning screw feeding area of the outer roundabout component is 160 ℃, the temperature of a conveying area is 240 ℃, the temperature of a melting area is 275 ℃, and the temperature of a spinning box body is 300 ℃; the temperature of a spinning screw feeding area of the inner rotary island component is 260 ℃, the temperature of a conveying area is 300 ℃, the temperature of a melting area is 305 ℃, and the temperature of a spinning box body is 305 ℃;
spinning speed: 1400 m/min;
(2) carrying out first water bath drafting on the sea-island fiber prepared in the step (1), then carrying out second oil bath drafting, then feeding into a crimping machine, crimping, drying and shaping fiber bundles, and finally cutting and packaging to prepare the sea-island fiber for the thermal forming non-woven fabric;
wherein, the first water bath drafting is carried out, the water bath temperature is 90 ℃, and the drafting multiplying power is 1.5 times; drawing the oil bath for the second time, wherein the oil bath temperature is 70 ℃, the drawing multiplying power is 1 time, and the oil concentration in the oil bath is 6 wt%; feeding the fiber bundle into a crimping machine for crimping, wherein the main pressure of the crimping machine is 0.45MPa, and the back pressure is 0.35 MPa.
As shown in fig. 2, the prepared sea-island fiber for the thermoformed non-woven fabric is of a fixed island structure, wherein the fixed islands are distributed in a sea phase in a ring-shaped uniform arrangement mode and are composed of 1 circle of outer roundabout islands and 4 circles of inner roundabout islands; the diameter (1.5 μm) of the outer ring island is smaller than that of the inner ring island (the diameter of the first circle of inner ring island is 2.0 μm, the diameter of the second circle of inner ring island is 2.0 μm, the diameter of the third circle of inner ring island is 2.0 μm, and the diameter of the fourth circle of inner ring island is 2.0 μm); the gap (0.20 μm) between two adjacent outer circular islands is smaller than the diameter of the inner circular island; the polymer modulus of the first circle of inner roundabout is 4000MPa, the polymer modulus of the second circle of inner roundabout is 4000MPa, the polymer modulus of the third circle of inner roundabout is 4000MPa, the polymer modulus of the fourth circle of inner roundabout is 4000MPa, and the number of the inner roundabout is 48.
Example 3
A preparation method of sea-island fiber for thermal forming non-woven fabric comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing sea-island fibers with a sea-island structure by adopting composite spinning;
the weight ratio of the raw materials is as follows: the mass ratio of the island component to the sea component (low density polyethylene having a melting point of 105 ℃) was 65:35, and the outer annular island component (linear low density polyethylene having a melting point of 125 ℃) accounted for 10 wt% of the total island component; the inner rotary island component accounts for 90 wt% of the total island component content; the first ring of inner roundabout (nylon) contains PE-g-MAH (the content is 5 wt%); the second ring of inner roundabout (nylon) contains PE-g-MAH (the content is 5 wt%); the third circle of inner rotary island (nylon) does not contain PE-g-MAH;
the composite spinning process parameters are as follows:
spinning temperature: the temperature of a spinning screw feeding area of the sea component is 100 ℃, the temperature of a conveying area is 140 ℃, the temperature of a melting area is 180 ℃, and the temperature of a spinning box body is 250 ℃; the temperature of a spinning screw feeding area of the outer rotary island component is 120 ℃, the temperature of a conveying area is 190 ℃, the temperature of a melting area is 230 ℃, and the temperature of a spinning box body is 275 ℃; the temperature of a spinning screw feeding area of the inner rotary island component is 230 ℃, the temperature of a conveying area is 260 ℃, the temperature of a melting area is 275 ℃, and the temperature of a spinning box body is 275 ℃;
spinning speed: 700 m/min;
(2) carrying out first water bath drafting on the sea-island fiber prepared in the step (1), then carrying out second oil bath drafting, then feeding into a crimping machine, crimping, drying and shaping fiber bundles, and finally cutting and packaging to prepare the sea-island fiber for the thermal forming non-woven fabric;
wherein, the first water bath drafting is carried out, the water bath temperature is 80 ℃, and the drafting multiplying power is 2.70 times; drawing the oil bath for the second time, wherein the oil bath temperature is 40 ℃, the drawing multiplying power is 1.1 times, and the oil concentration in the oil bath groove is 5 wt%; feeding the fiber bundle into a crimping machine for crimping, wherein the main pressure of the crimping machine is 0.30MPa, and the back pressure is 0.32 MPa.
As shown in fig. 3, the prepared sea-island fiber for the thermoformed nonwoven fabric is of a fixed island structure, wherein the fixed islands are distributed in a sea phase in a ring-shaped uniform arrangement mode and are composed of 1 circle of outer roundabout islands and 3 circles of inner roundabout islands; the diameter (2.0 μm) of the outer ring island is smaller than that of the inner ring island (the diameter of the first circle of inner ring island is 2.5 μm, the diameter of the second circle of inner ring island is 2.5 μm, and the diameter of the third circle of inner ring island is 2.5 μm); the gap (0.40 μm) between two adjacent outer circular islands is smaller than the diameter of the inner circular island; the polymer modulus of the first circle of inner ring islands is 2600MPa, the polymer modulus of the second circle of inner ring islands is 2600MPa, the polymer modulus of the third circle of inner ring islands is 2600MPa, and the number of the inner ring islands is 30.
Example 4
A preparation method of sea-island fiber for thermal forming non-woven fabric comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing sea-island fibers with a sea-island structure by adopting composite spinning;
the weight ratio of the raw materials is as follows: the mass ratio of the island component to the sea component (low density polyethylene with a melting point of 105 ℃) is 70:30, and the outer ring island component (linear low density polyethylene with a melting point of 120 ℃) accounts for 10 wt% of the total island component; the inner rotary island component accounts for 90 wt% of the total island component content; the first ring of inner roundabout (nylon) contains PE-g-MAH (the content is 3 wt%); the second circle of inner rotary island (nylon) does not contain PE-g-MAH; the third circle of inner roundabout (nylon) contains PE-g-MAH (the content is 3 wt%);
the composite spinning process parameters are as follows:
spinning temperature: the temperature of a spinning screw feeding area of the sea component is 100 ℃, the temperature of a conveying area is 140 ℃, the temperature of a melting area is 180 ℃, and the temperature of a spinning box body is 250 ℃; the temperature of a spinning screw feeding area of the outer rotary island component is 120 ℃, the temperature of a conveying area is 190 ℃, the temperature of a melting area is 230 ℃, and the temperature of a spinning box body is 275 ℃; the temperature of a spinning screw feeding area of the inner rotary island component is 230 ℃, the temperature of a conveying area is 260 ℃, the temperature of a melting area is 275 ℃, and the temperature of a spinning box body is 275 ℃;
spinning speed: 700 m/min;
(2) carrying out first water bath drafting on the sea-island fiber prepared in the step (1), then carrying out second oil bath drafting, then feeding into a crimping machine, crimping, drying and shaping fiber bundles, and finally cutting and packaging to prepare the sea-island fiber for the thermal forming non-woven fabric;
wherein, the first water bath drafting is carried out, the water bath temperature is 80 ℃, and the drafting multiplying power is 2.70 times; drawing the oil bath for the second time, wherein the oil bath temperature is 40 ℃, the drawing multiplying power is 1.1 times, and the oil concentration in the oil bath groove is 5 wt%; feeding the fiber bundle into a crimping machine for crimping, wherein the main pressure of the crimping machine is 0.30MPa, and the back pressure is 0.32 MPa.
As shown in fig. 4, the prepared sea-island fiber for the thermoformed nonwoven fabric is of a fixed island structure, wherein the fixed islands are distributed in a sea phase in a ring-shaped uniform arrangement mode and are composed of 1 circle of outer roundabout islands and 3 circles of inner roundabout islands; the diameter (2.0 μm) of the outer ring island is smaller than that of the inner ring island (the diameter of the first circle of inner ring island is 2.5 μm, the diameter of the second circle of inner ring island is 2.5 μm, and the diameter of the third circle of inner ring island is 2.5 μm); the gap (0.40 μm) between two adjacent outer circular islands is smaller than the diameter of the inner circular island; the polymer modulus of the first circle of inner ring islands is 2600MPa, the polymer modulus of the second circle of inner ring islands is 2600MPa, the polymer modulus of the third circle of inner ring islands is 2600MPa, and the number of the inner ring islands is 30.
Example 5
A preparation method of sea-island fiber for thermal forming non-woven fabric comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing sea-island fibers with a sea-island structure by adopting composite spinning;
the weight ratio of the raw materials is as follows: the mass ratio of the island component to the sea component (low density polyethylene with a melting point of 105 ℃) is 70:30, and the outer ring island component (linear low density polyethylene with a melting point of 120 ℃) accounts for 10 wt% of the total island component; the inner rotary island component accounts for 90 wt% of the total island component content; the first ring of inner roundabout (polyester) contains PE-g-MAH (the content is 2 wt%); the second ring of inner roundabout (polyester) contains PE-g-MAH (the content is 2 wt%); the third ring of inner rotary island (polyester) contains PE-g-MAH (the content is 2 wt%);
the composite spinning process parameters are as follows:
spinning temperature: the temperature of a spinning screw feeding area of the sea component is 140 ℃, the temperature of a conveying area is 240 ℃, the temperature of a melting area is 250 ℃, and the temperature of a spinning box body is 265 ℃; the temperature of a spinning screw feeding area of the outer roundabout component is 140 ℃, the temperature of a conveying area is 240 ℃, the temperature of a melting area is 275 ℃, and the temperature of a spinning box body is 280 ℃; the temperature of a spinning screw feeding area of the inner rotary island component is 260 ℃, the temperature of a conveying area is 300 ℃, the temperature of a melting area is 305 ℃, and the temperature of a spinning box body is 305 ℃;
spinning speed: 700 m/min;
(2) carrying out first water bath drafting on the sea-island fiber prepared in the step (1), then carrying out second oil bath drafting, then feeding into a crimping machine, crimping, drying and shaping fiber bundles, and finally cutting and packaging to prepare the sea-island fiber for the thermal forming non-woven fabric;
wherein, the first water bath drafting is carried out, the water bath temperature is 80 ℃, and the drafting multiplying power is 2.70 times; drawing the oil bath for the second time, wherein the oil bath temperature is 40 ℃, the drawing multiplying power is 1.1 times, and the oil concentration in the oil bath groove is 5 wt%; feeding the fiber bundle into a crimping machine for crimping, wherein the main pressure of the crimping machine is 0.30MPa, and the back pressure is 0.32 MPa.
As shown in fig. 5, the prepared sea-island fiber for the thermoformed nonwoven fabric has a fixed island structure, wherein the fixed islands are distributed in the sea phase in a ring-shaped uniform arrangement form and are composed of 1 circle of outer roundabout islands and 3 circles of inner roundabout islands; the diameter (2.0 mu m) of the outer annular island is smaller than that of the inner annular islands (the diameter of the first circle of inner annular islands is 2.5 mu m, the diameter of the second circle of inner annular islands is 2.5 mu m, the diameter of the third circle of inner annular islands is 2.5 mu m), gaps (0.40 mu m) among the islands in the outer annular island are smaller than that of the inner annular islands, the polymer modulus of the first circle of inner annular islands is 4000MPa, the polymer modulus of the second circle of inner annular islands is 4000MPa, the polymer modulus of the third circle of inner annular islands is 4000MPa, and the number of the inner annular islands is 30.
Example 6
A preparation method of sea-island fiber for thermal forming non-woven fabric comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing sea-island fibers with a sea-island structure by adopting composite spinning;
the weight ratio of the raw materials is as follows: the mass ratio of the island component to the sea component (low density polyethylene having a melting point of 105 ℃) was 65:35, and the outer annular island component (linear low density polyethylene having a melting point of 120 ℃) accounted for 15wt% of the total island component; the inner rotary island (nylon) component accounts for 85 wt% of the total island component content;
the composite spinning process parameters are as follows:
spinning temperature: the temperature of a spinning screw feeding area of the sea component is 100 ℃, the temperature of a conveying area is 140 ℃, the temperature of a melting area is 180 ℃, and the temperature of a spinning box body is 250 ℃; the temperature of a spinning screw feeding area of the outer roundabout component is 110 ℃, the temperature of a conveying area is 170 ℃, the temperature of a melting area is 210 ℃, and the temperature of a spinning box body is 270 ℃; the temperature of a spinning screw feeding area of the inner rotary island component is 210 ℃, the temperature of a conveying area is 250 ℃, the temperature of a melting area is 270 ℃, and the temperature of a spinning box body is 270 ℃;
spinning speed: 500 m/min;
(2) carrying out first water bath drafting on the sea-island fiber prepared in the step (1), then carrying out second oil bath drafting, then feeding into a crimping machine, crimping, drying and shaping fiber bundles, and finally cutting and packaging to prepare the sea-island fiber for the thermal forming non-woven fabric;
wherein, the first water bath drafting is carried out, the water bath temperature is 40 ℃, and the drafting multiplying power is 4.5 times; drawing the oil bath for the second time, wherein the oil bath temperature is 40 ℃, the drawing multiplying power is 2 times, and the oil concentration in the oil bath is 3.5 wt%; feeding the fiber bundle into a crimping machine for crimping, wherein the main pressure of the crimping machine is 0.25MPa, and the back pressure is 0.20 MPa.
The prepared sea-island fiber for the thermal forming non-woven fabric is of a fixed island structure, wherein the fixed islands are distributed in a sea phase in an annular uniform arrangement mode and consist of 1 circle of outer islands and 1 circle of inner islands; the diameter (2.5 μm) of the outer rotary island is smaller than the diameter (4.0 μm) of the inner rotary island; the gap (0.60 μm) between two adjacent outer circular islands is smaller than the diameter of the inner circular island; the polymer modulus of the inner ring islands is 2600MPa, and the number of the inner ring islands is 12.
Example 7
A preparation method of sea-island fiber for thermal forming non-woven fabric comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing sea-island fibers with a sea-island structure by adopting composite spinning;
the weight ratio of the raw materials is as follows: the mass ratio of the island component to the sea component (low density polyethylene having a melting point of 105 ℃) was 75:25, and the outer annular island component (linear low density polyethylene having a melting point of 120 ℃) accounted for 15wt% of the total island component; the inner rotary island (nylon) component accounts for 85 wt% of the total island component content;
the composite spinning process parameters are as follows:
spinning temperature: the temperature of a spinning screw feeding area of the sea component is 100 ℃, the temperature of a conveying area is 140 ℃, the temperature of a melting area is 180 ℃, and the temperature of a spinning box body is 250 ℃; the temperature of a spinning screw feeding area of the outer roundabout component is 110 ℃, the temperature of a conveying area is 170 ℃, the temperature of a melting area is 210 ℃, and the temperature of a spinning box body is 270 ℃; the temperature of a spinning screw feeding area of the inner rotary island component is 210 ℃, the temperature of a conveying area is 250 ℃, the temperature of a melting area is 270 ℃, and the temperature of a spinning box body is 270 ℃;
spinning speed: 500 m/min;
(2) carrying out first water bath drafting on the sea-island fiber prepared in the step (1), then carrying out second oil bath drafting, then feeding into a crimping machine, crimping, drying and shaping fiber bundles, and finally cutting and packaging to prepare the sea-island fiber for the thermal forming non-woven fabric;
wherein, the first water bath drafting is carried out, the water bath temperature is 40 ℃, and the drafting multiplying power is 4.5 times; drawing the oil bath for the second time, wherein the oil bath temperature is 40 ℃, the drawing multiplying power is 2 times, and the oil concentration in the oil bath is 3.5 wt%; feeding the fiber bundle into a crimping machine for crimping, wherein the main pressure of the crimping machine is 0.25MPa, and the back pressure is 0.20 MPa.
The prepared sea-island fiber for the thermal forming non-woven fabric is of a fixed island structure, wherein the fixed islands are distributed in a sea phase in an annular uniform arrangement mode and consist of 1 circle of outer islands and 1 circle of inner islands; the diameter (2.5 μm) of the outer rotary island is smaller than the diameter (4.0 μm) of the inner rotary island; the gap (0.60 μm) between two adjacent outer circular islands is smaller than the diameter of the inner circular island; the polymer modulus of the inner ring islands is 2600MPa, and the number of the inner ring islands is 12.
Example 8
A preparation method of sea-island fiber for thermal forming non-woven fabric comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing sea-island fibers with a sea-island structure by adopting composite spinning;
the weight ratio of the raw materials is as follows: the mass ratio of the island component to the sea component (low density polyethylene having a melting point of 105 ℃) is 50:50, and the outer annular island component (linear low density polyethylene having a melting point of 120 ℃) accounts for 15wt% of the total island component; the inner rotary island component accounts for 85 wt% of the total island component content; the inner rotary island (nylon) contains PE-g-MAH (the content is 2 wt%);
the composite spinning process parameters are as follows:
spinning temperature: the temperature of a spinning screw feeding area of the sea component is 100 ℃, the temperature of a conveying area is 140 ℃, the temperature of a melting area is 180 ℃, and the temperature of a spinning box body is 250 ℃; the temperature of a spinning screw feeding area of the outer roundabout component is 110 ℃, the temperature of a conveying area is 170 ℃, the temperature of a melting area is 210 ℃, and the temperature of a spinning box body is 270 ℃; the temperature of a spinning screw feeding area of the inner rotary island component is 210 ℃, the temperature of a conveying area is 250 ℃, the temperature of a melting area is 270 ℃, and the temperature of a spinning box body is 270 ℃;
spinning speed: 500 m/min;
(2) carrying out first water bath drafting on the sea-island fiber prepared in the step (1), then carrying out second oil bath drafting, then feeding into a crimping machine, crimping, drying and shaping fiber bundles, and finally cutting and packaging to prepare the sea-island fiber for the thermal forming non-woven fabric;
wherein, the first water bath drafting is carried out, the water bath temperature is 40 ℃, and the drafting multiplying power is 4.5 times; drawing the oil bath for the second time, wherein the oil bath temperature is 40 ℃, the drawing multiplying power is 2 times, and the oil concentration in the oil bath is 3.5 wt%; feeding the fiber bundle into a crimping machine for crimping, wherein the main pressure of the crimping machine is 0.25MPa, and the back pressure is 0.20 MPa.
The prepared sea-island fiber for the thermal forming non-woven fabric is of a fixed island structure, wherein the fixed islands are distributed in a sea phase in an annular uniform arrangement mode and consist of 1 circle of outer islands and 1 circle of inner islands; the diameter (2.5 μm) of the outer rotary island is smaller than the diameter (4.0 μm) of the inner rotary island; the gap (0.60 μm) between two adjacent outer circular islands is smaller than the diameter of the inner circular island; the polymer modulus of the inner ring islands is 2600MPa, and the number of the inner ring islands is 12.
Example 9
A preparation method of sea-island fiber for thermal forming non-woven fabric comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing sea-island fibers with a sea-island structure by adopting composite spinning;
the weight ratio of the raw materials is as follows:
outer ring island component: linear low density polyethylene having a melting point of 120 ℃;
inner ring island component: a polyester;
sea components: low density polyethylene having a melting point of 105 ℃;
the mass ratio of the island component to the sea component is 70:30, the outer annular island component accounts for 8 wt% of the total island component, and the inner annular island component accounts for 92 wt% of the total island component; the inner ring island is polyester in three circles.
The composite spinning process parameters are as follows:
spinning temperature: the temperature of a spinning screw feeding area of the sea component is 100 ℃, the temperature of a conveying area is 140 ℃, the temperature of a melting area is 180 ℃, and the temperature of a spinning box body is 250 ℃; the temperature of a spinning screw feeding area of the outer rotary island component is 120 ℃, the temperature of a conveying area is 190 ℃, the temperature of a melting area is 230 ℃, and the temperature of a spinning box body is 275 ℃; the temperature of a spinning screw feeding area of the inner rotary island component is 225 ℃, the temperature of a conveying area is 255 ℃, the temperature of a melting area is 275 ℃, and the temperature of a spinning box body is 275 ℃;
spinning speed: 700 m/min;
(2) carrying out first water bath drafting on the sea-island fiber prepared in the step (1), then carrying out second oil bath drafting, then feeding into a crimping machine, crimping, drying and shaping fiber bundles, and finally cutting and packaging to prepare the sea-island fiber for the thermal forming non-woven fabric;
wherein, the first water bath drafting is carried out, the water bath temperature is 75 ℃, and the drafting multiplying power is 3 times; drawing the oil bath for the second time, wherein the oil bath temperature is 40 ℃, the drawing multiplying power is 1.5 times, and the oil concentration in the oil bath groove is 5 wt%; feeding the fiber bundle into a crimping machine for crimping, wherein the main pressure of the crimping machine is 0.30MPa, and the back pressure is 0.32 MPa.
As shown in fig. 1, the prepared sea-island fiber for the thermoforming non-woven fabric is of a fixed island structure, wherein the fixed islands are distributed in a sea phase 3 in a ring-shaped uniform arrangement mode and are composed of 1 circle of outer roundabout 1 and 1 circle of inner roundabout 2; the diameter (2.0 μm) of the outer rotary island 1 is smaller than that of the inner rotary island 2 (the diameter of the first ring of inner rotary island is 2.4 μm, the diameter of the second ring of inner rotary island is 2.4 μm, and the diameter of the third ring of inner rotary island is 2.4 μm); the gap (0.4 μm) between two adjacent outer islands is smaller than the diameter of the inner island; the polymer modulus of the inner ring islands is 4000MPa, and the number of the inner ring islands is 30.
Note that the fibers obtained in examples 1 to 9 are No. 1 to 9 fibers;
for comparison, the same process and raw materials as those in example 1 of the present invention were used, except that nylon was used instead of linear low density polyethylene having a melting point of 120 ℃ as the component of the outer islands, to prepare ordinary monocomponent island-anchoring fibers without the inner and outer islands, and the ordinary island-anchoring fibers without the inner and outer islands were No. 10 fibers; marking the ES short fiber of a PA6 core layer LDPE skin layer of a conventional commercially available skin-core structure as No. 11 fiber, wherein the skin-core mass ratio is 50: 50; the fineness, elongation at break and breaking strength of No. 1-11 fibers are shown in Table 1;
TABLE 1 comparison of fiber Properties
The No. 1-11 fiber is prepared into 40g/m by hot air type hot melt adhesion by the same preparation process2The hot air non-woven fabric of (1). The results of testing the nonwoven fabric for the longitudinal and transverse breaking strength, stiffness, etc. are shown in Table 2. The adhesion between the nonwoven webs made of the sea-island fibers for thermoformed nonwoven fabrics of the present invention and the nonwoven webs made of the commercially available PET staple fibers (core-sheath PET/LDPE composite fibers) having a core-sheath structure were observed under high magnification microscope as shown in fig. 6 and 7, respectively, and it was clearly seen that the adhesion between the nonwoven webs made of the sea-island fibers for thermoformed nonwoven fabrics of the present invention and the nonwoven webs made of the commercially available PET staple fibers (core-sheath PET/LDPE composite fibers) had similar adhesion state, and thus the adhesion state between the nonwoven webs made of the sea-island fibers for thermoformed nonwoven fabrics of the present invention was excellent and reached the adhesion level of the ES staple fibers.
TABLE 2 comparison of longitudinal and transverse breaking strength and stiffness of nonwoven fabrics
Example 1 is substantially the same as example 6 except that the island component ratio of example 6 is higher, 65 wt%, except that the breaking strength of the fiber is greatly improved, it is unexpected that the non-woven fabric made of the fiber of example 6 has a remarkably improved breaking strength in the longitudinal and transverse directions because the sea phases are reduced to such an extent that the island phases are more likely to be surface-contact-bonded to each other by the force applied to the island phases during thermoforming, which can greatly reduce the softness caused by the ultrafine single fibers.
Example 1 is substantially the same as example 7 except that the island component proportion of example 7 is higher, 75% by weight, and in addition to the substantial increase in the breaking strength of the fiber, it is unexpected that the nonwoven fabric made from the fiber of example 7 has a substantial increase in the transverse and longitudinal breaking strength because the sea phase is reduced to such an extent that the island phases are more likely to be surface-to-surface bonded to each other by the force applied during thermoforming of the sea-island fiber, which can substantially reduce the softness caused by the ultrafine single fibers.
Example 1 is substantially the same as example 8 except that the inner islands of example 8 further contain 2 wt% of PE-g-MAH, and the elongation at break of the sea-island fiber is improved remarkably from the performance point of view; the longitudinal and transverse breaking strength of the non-woven fabric prepared from the fibers in the embodiment 8 is obviously improved, and the fusion between LLDPE islands and nylon islands is improved; in example 1, the fusion is relatively poor, and the external force action of the outer rotary island is significantly inferior to that of the inner rotary island under the action of the external force, so that the outer rotary island is a stress failure point.
In summary, the inventor creatively transfers the sea-island fiber to the field of the thermal forming non-woven fabric, replaces the traditional ES sheath-core composite fiber, researches the inner ring island serving as the main skeleton structure, and obtains the excellent performance of the sea-island fiber suitable for the field of the thermal forming non-woven fabric. The sea-island fiber for the thermal forming non-woven fabric has the advantages that the fiber breaking strength, the elongation and other physical properties are further improved compared with those of the traditional ES sheath-core composite fiber, and the problems that island phases are exposed when the conventional polyester/LDPE or nylon/LDPE sea-island fiber is used for preparing the thermal forming non-woven fabric, the bonding state of a fiber net is poor, and the strength of the non-woven fabric is low are solved. The nonwoven fabric webs made of the sea-island fibers for thermoformed nonwoven fabrics of the present invention are excellent in the bonding state, and the nonwoven fabric has high tensile breaking strength in the longitudinal and transverse directions and good stiffness. The sea-island fiber for the thermal forming non-woven fabric is particularly suitable for manufacturing hot air or hot rolling non-woven fabrics, and provides a new solution for the thermal forming non-woven fabric fiber for the current market.
Claims (6)
1. The sea-island fiber for the thermal forming non-woven fabric is of a fixed island structure and is characterized in that: the fixed islands are distributed in the sea phase in an annular uniform arrangement mode, and the fixed island structure consists of 1 circle of outer islands and 1-4 circles of inner islands;
the outer ring island component is linear low density polyethylene;
the main component of the inner ring island is polyester or nylon;
the diameter of the outer circular islands is smaller than or equal to that of the inner circular islands, and the gap between every two adjacent outer circular islands is smaller than that of the inner circular islands;
the sea component of the sea-island fiber for the thermal forming non-woven fabric is low-density polyethylene; the mass ratio of the island component to the sea component is 50: 50-75: 25; the outer ring island component accounts for 5-15 wt% of the total island components; the fiber number of the sea-island fiber is 2.0 plus or minus 0.2 dtex;
the melting point of the linear low-density polyethylene is 10-20 ℃ higher than that of the low-density polyethylene;
the modulus of polyester or nylon in the inner ring island component is more than or equal to 2600MPa, the number of the inner ring islands is 12-48, and the inner ring island component accounts for 85-95 wt% of the total island component.
2. The sea-island fiber for thermoformed nonwoven fabric of claim 1, wherein the inner islands contain PE-g-MAH at least in the outermost ring, and the PE-g-MAH content in the outermost ring is 2 to 5 wt%.
3. The sea-island fiber for a thermoformed nonwoven fabric according to claim 1, wherein the sea-island fiber for a thermoformed nonwoven fabric has a breaking strength of 3.00 to 4.00cN/dtex and an elongation at break of 60 to 90%.
4. A method for preparing the sea-island fiber for a thermoformed nonwoven fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising the steps of:
(1) preparing sea-island fibers with a sea-island structure by adopting composite spinning;
(2) and (2) carrying out first water bath drafting on the sea-island fiber prepared in the step (1), then carrying out second oil bath drafting, then feeding into a crimping machine, crimping, drying and shaping the fiber bundle, and finally cutting and packaging to obtain the sea-island fiber for the thermal forming non-woven fabric.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the composite spinning process parameters are as follows:
spinning temperature: the temperature of a spinning screw feeding area of the sea component is 100-140 ℃, the temperature of a conveying area is 140-240 ℃, the temperature of a melting area is 180-250 ℃, and the temperature of a spinning box body is 250-275 ℃; the temperature of a spinning screw feeding area of the outer rotary island component is 110-160 ℃, the temperature of a conveying area is 170-240 ℃, the temperature of a melting area is 210-275 ℃, and the temperature of a spinning box body is 270-300 ℃; the temperature of a spinning screw feeding area of the inner rotary island component is 210-260 ℃, the temperature of a conveying area is 250-300 ℃, the temperature of a melting area is 270-305 ℃, and the temperature of a spinning box body is 270-305 ℃;
spinning speed: 500 to 1400 m/min.
6. The method of claim 4, wherein in step (2):
the first water bath drafting is carried out, wherein the water bath temperature is 40-90 ℃, and the drafting multiplying power is 1.50-4.50 times;
drawing the second oil bath, wherein the oil bath temperature is 40-70 ℃, the drawing multiplying power is 1.00-2.00 times, and the oil concentration in the oil bath groove is 3.5-6 wt%;
feeding the fiber bundle into a crimping machine for crimping, wherein the main pressure of the crimping machine is 0.25-0.45 MPa, and the back pressure is 0.20-0.35 MPa.
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