CN112662148A - Degradable plastic for blow-molded bottle and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Degradable plastic for blow-molded bottle and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112662148A CN112662148A CN202011575533.4A CN202011575533A CN112662148A CN 112662148 A CN112662148 A CN 112662148A CN 202011575533 A CN202011575533 A CN 202011575533A CN 112662148 A CN112662148 A CN 112662148A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a degradable plastic for blow-molded bottles, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 75-90 parts of degradable composite resin matrix, 15-20 parts of starch, 20-25 parts of lignin, 5-10 parts of degradation additive, 1-2 parts of compatilizer, 1-1.5 parts of plasticizer and 15-20 parts of reinforcing agent. According to the degradable plastic for the blow-molded bottle, the PBAT, the PBS and the HDPE are compounded to be used as the degradable composite resin matrix, and the lignin and the reinforcing agent are selected for use, so that the prepared plastic material has degradable performance, the mechanical strength and the uniform stability of the material performance of the degradable plastic are ensured, and the plastic bottle blown by the plastic meets the requirements on heat resistance, impact resistance and mechanical strength.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of materials for blow-molded bottles, in particular to degradable plastic for blow-molded bottles and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Plastic bottles have numerous advantages of plastic products and are used in many applications in the production and life of people. The plastic product is not easy to automatically degrade and disappear in a natural environment after being discarded, and cannot degrade for hundreds of years, so that visual pollution and ecological balance damage are caused, and people research and develop the use of novel thermoplastic degradable materials to replace traditional plastics along with the development requirements of science and technology and society.
At present, the degradable plastics are mainly applied to the field of film products, the application in the aspect of plastic bottles is still less, and the blow-molded plastic bottles prepared by utilizing the degradable plastics are still in a blank period in the industry at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly solves the technical problem of providing the degradable plastic for the blow-molded bottle and the preparation method thereof, and can solve the problems in the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts a technical scheme that: the degradable plastic for the blow-molded bottle comprises the following components in parts by weight:
75-90 parts of degradable composite resin matrix, 15-20 parts of starch, 20-25 parts of lignin, 5-10 parts of degradation additive, 1-2 parts of compatilizer, 1-1.5 parts of plasticizer and 15-20 parts of reinforcing agent.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the degradable composite matrix resin comprises PBAT, HDPE and PBS.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the weight ratio of PBAT, HDPE and PBS is 2:2:1 to 2:3: 2.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the degradation additive is citric acid and corn oil in a weight ratio of 1:1 to 2: 1.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the reinforcing agent is a mixture of nano silicon dioxide and calcium carbonate whiskers.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the mixing weight ratio of the nano silicon dioxide to the calcium carbonate whisker is 1: 1-2: 1.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention adopts another technical scheme that: the preparation method of the degradable plastic for the blow-molded bottle comprises the following steps:
(1) preliminary material mixing: adding the degradable composite resin matrix, the compatilizer and the plasticizer in the formula ratio into mixing equipment for primary mixing uniformly;
(2) secondary material mixing: adding the starch, the lignin, the degradation additive and the reinforcing agent in the formula ratio into the material in the step (1) in batches, and uniformly mixing;
(3) and (3) extruding and granulating: and (3) adding the uniformly mixed material in the step (2) into a screw extruder for extrusion granulation to obtain the plastic.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the steps (1) and (2), the temperature of the mixed material is between room temperature and 80 ℃.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the step (3), the process conditions of the screw extruder are as follows: the temperature of the plasticizing area is 170-175 ℃, the temperature of the die head is 175-180 ℃, and the rotating speed of the screw is 120-125 rpm.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention adopts another technical scheme that: provides a plastic bottle which is characterized in that the plastic bottle is obtained by adopting the prepared degradable plastic for the blow-molded bottle through blow molding.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the degradable plastic for the blow-molded bottle, the PBAT, the PBS and the HDPE are compounded to be used as the degradable composite resin matrix, and the lignin and the reinforcing agent are selected for use, so that the prepared plastic material has degradable performance, the mechanical strength and the uniform stability of the material performance of the degradable plastic are ensured, and the plastic bottle blown by the plastic meets the requirements on heat resistance, impact resistance and mechanical strength.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention is provided to enable those skilled in the art to more readily understand the advantages and features of the present invention, and to clearly and unequivocally define the scope of the present invention.
The embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
example 1
The invention discloses a degradable plastic for blow-molded bottles, which comprises the following components in parts by weight:
75 parts of a degradable composite resin matrix, wherein the degradable composite resin matrix comprises PBAT, HDPE, PLA and PBS, and the weight ratio of the PBAT, the HDPE and the PBS is 2:2: 1. Wherein, PBAT belongs to thermoplastic biodegradable plastics, is a copolymer of butanediol adipate and butanediol terephthalate, has the characteristics of PBA and PBT, and has excellent ductility, elongation at break, heat resistance, impact property and biodegradability; HDPE is high density polyethylene, has higher rigidity and toughness, and good mechanical strength; PBS is poly butylene succinate which is synthesized by condensation polymerization of succinic acid and butanediol, the resin is milk white, odorless and tasteless, can be decomposed and metabolized by various microorganisms or enzymes in animals and plants in the nature, and is finally decomposed into carbon dioxide and water, and the PBS is a typical completely biodegradable polymer material. Has good biocompatibility and biological absorbability. By blending various resins with degradable performance and HDPE to be used as a resin matrix, on one hand, the degradable performance is endowed to the plastic material, on the other hand, the matrix strength of the degradable plastic is improved, so that the degradable plastic can be suitable for a blow molding bottle-making process, and the blown plastic bottle is ensured to meet the requirements of heat resistance, impact resistance and mechanical strength.
15 parts of starch, wherein the starch is corn starch, and is green and environment-friendly;
20 parts of lignin, which is an environment-friendly reinforcing agent and is beneficial to improving the mechanical strength of plastics;
5 parts of degradation additive, wherein the degradation additive is citric acid and corn oil in a weight ratio of 1:1, and has the advantage of environmental protection;
1 part of compatilizer, wherein the compatilizer is polyethylene maleic anhydride copolymer;
1 part of plasticizer which is prepared from tributyl citrate and glycerol in a weight ratio of 1:1 in a weight ratio;
15 parts of reinforcing agent, wherein the reinforcing agent is a mixture of nano silicon dioxide and calcium carbonate whiskers in a weight ratio of 1:1, the calcium carbonate whiskers have a diameter of 1-2um and a length-diameter ratio of 20-30, and the reinforcing agent has excellent comprehensive mechanical properties, and can remarkably improve the mechanical strength of plastics by compounding the calcium carbonate whiskers and the nano silicon dioxide as a reinforcing filler, so that the requirement on the melt strength of plastic materials in the blow molding bottle making process is ensured, and the blow molded plastic bottle meets the use strength requirement.
The preparation method of the degradable plastic for the blow-molded bottle specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) preliminary material mixing: adding the degradable composite resin matrix, the compatilizer and the plasticizer into a kneader according to the formula ratio, controlling the kneading temperature to be between room temperature and 80 ℃ through a cooling system of the kneader, and primarily mixing uniformly at a kneading rate of 30-50 r/min;
(2) secondary material mixing: adding the starch, the lignin and the degradation additive in the formula amount into the kneader in the step (1), mixing for 3min at the same temperature and kneading rate as those in the step (1), adding the reinforcing agent, increasing the kneading rate to 100r/min, and mixing for 5min to be uniform;
(3) and (3) extruding and granulating: adding the uniformly mixed materials in the step (2) into a double-screw extruder for extrusion granulation, wherein the length-diameter ratio of screws of the double-screw extruder is 42: and 1, under the conditions that the temperature of a plasticizing area of a double-screw extruder is controlled to be 170 ℃, the temperature of a die head is controlled to be 175 ℃, and the rotating speed of a screw is 120rpm, extruding the material mixed in the step (2) into strips through the double-screw extruder, cooling by cooling water, and then pelletizing to obtain the degradable plastic for blow molding bottles.
The plastic prepared by the method can be used for blow molding bottle making and preparing degradable plastic bottles.
The degradable plastic prepared by the method has the following properties by tests: tensile strength of 41MPa and elongation at break of 341%; the degradation rate of the material tested by the composting method for 60 days is 89%.
Example 2
The difference from the example 1 is that the degradable plastic for the blow molding bottle comprises the following components in parts by weight:
90 parts of a degradable composite resin matrix, wherein the degradable composite resin matrix comprises PBAT, HDPE and PBS, and the weight ratio of PBAT to HDPE to PBS is 2:3: 2. Wherein, PBAT belongs to thermoplastic biodegradable plastics, is a copolymer of butanediol adipate and butanediol terephthalate, has the characteristics of PBA and PBT, and has excellent ductility, elongation at break, heat resistance, impact property and biodegradability; HDPE is high density polyethylene, has higher rigidity and toughness, and good mechanical strength; PBS is poly butylene succinate, which is synthesized by condensation polymerization of succinic acid and butylene glycol, the resin is milk white, odorless and tasteless, and can be decomposed and metabolized by various microorganisms or enzymes in animals and plants in the nature, and finally decomposed into carbon dioxide and water, and the PBS is a typical completely biodegradable polymer material and has good biocompatibility and bioabsorbability. By blending various resins with degradable performance and HDPE to be used as a resin matrix, on one hand, the degradable performance is endowed to the plastic material, on the other hand, the matrix strength of the degradable plastic is improved, so that the degradable plastic can be suitable for a blow molding bottle-making process, and the blown plastic bottle is ensured to meet the requirements of heat resistance, impact resistance and mechanical strength.
20 parts of starch, wherein the starch is corn starch, and is green and environment-friendly;
25 parts of lignin, which is an environment-friendly reinforcing agent, is beneficial to improving the mechanical strength of the plastic;
10 parts of degradation additive, wherein the degradation additive is citric acid and corn oil in a weight ratio of 2:1, and has the advantage of environmental protection;
2 parts of a compatilizer, wherein the compatilizer is a polyethylene maleic anhydride copolymer;
1.5 parts of a plasticizer which is prepared from tributyl citrate and glycerol in a weight ratio of 1:1 in a weight ratio;
20 parts of a reinforcing agent, wherein the reinforcing agent is a mixture of nano silicon dioxide and calcium carbonate whiskers in a weight ratio of 2:1, the calcium carbonate whiskers have a diameter of 1-2um and a length-diameter ratio of 20-30, and the reinforcing agent is excellent in comprehensive mechanical property, and can be used as a reinforcing filler by compounding the calcium carbonate whiskers and the nano silicon dioxide, so that the mechanical strength of the plastic can be remarkably improved, the requirement on the melt strength of a plastic material in a blow molding bottle making process is ensured, and the plastic bottle subjected to blow molding meets the use strength requirement.
The degradable plastic prepared by the method has the following properties by tests: tensile strength 43MPa and elongation at break 338%; the degradation rate of 60 days tested by the composting method is 91%.
The degradable plastic for blow-molded bottles and the preparation method thereof have the following advantages:
1. the PBAT, the PBS and the HDPE are compounded to be used as a degradable composite resin matrix, so that on one hand, the degradable performance is endowed to the plastic material, on the other hand, the matrix strength of the degradable plastic is improved, the degradable plastic can be suitable for a blow molding bottle making process, and the blown plastic bottle is ensured to meet the requirements of heat resistance, impact resistance and mechanical strength;
2. the mechanical strength of the plastic is further improved by the selective use of lignin and a reinforcing agent, so that the requirement on the melt strength of a plastic material in the blow molding bottle making process is ensured on one hand, and the blow molding plastic bottle meets the use strength requirement on the other hand;
3. through the design of the mixing process and the extrusion granulation process, the prepared plastic resin material has the characteristics of uniform and stable performance, degradability and excellent mechanical strength.
The foregoing descriptions of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been presented for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and obviously many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain certain principles of the invention and its practical application to enable one skilled in the art to make and use various exemplary embodiments of the invention and various alternatives and modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. It is intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. The degradable plastic for the blow-molded bottle is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight:
75-90 parts of degradable composite resin matrix, 15-20 parts of starch, 20-25 parts of lignin, 5-10 parts of degradation additive, 1-2 parts of compatilizer, 1-1.5 parts of plasticizer and 15-20 parts of reinforcing agent.
2. The degradable plastic for blow molded bottles of claim 1, wherein said degradable composite matrix resin comprises PBAT, HDPE and PBS.
3. The degradable plastic for blow molded bottles of claim 2, wherein the weight ratio of PBAT, HDPE and PBS is 2:2: 1-2: 3: 2.
4. The degradable plastic for blow molded bottles of claim 1, wherein the degradation additive is citric acid and corn oil in a weight ratio of 1:1 to 2: 1.
5. The degradable plastic for blow molded bottles of claim 1, wherein the reinforcing agent is a mixture of nano silica and calcium carbonate whiskers.
6. The degradable plastic for the blow molded bottle as claimed in claim 5, wherein the mixing weight ratio of the nano silica to the calcium carbonate whiskers is 1:1 to 2: 1.
7. A method for preparing the degradable plastic for blow molded bottles of any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the steps of:
(1) preliminary material mixing: adding the degradable composite resin matrix, the compatilizer and the plasticizer in the formula ratio into mixing equipment for primary mixing uniformly;
(2) secondary material mixing: adding the starch, the lignin, the degradation additive and the reinforcing agent in the formula ratio into the material in the step (1) in batches, and uniformly mixing;
(3) and (3) extruding and granulating: and (3) adding the uniformly mixed material in the step (2) into a screw extruder for extrusion granulation to obtain the plastic.
8. The method for preparing degradable plastic for blow molded bottle as claimed in claim 7, wherein in the steps (1) and (2), the temperature of the mixed material is room temperature to 80 ℃.
9. The method for preparing degradable plastics for blow molded bottles of claim 7, wherein in the step (3), the process conditions of the screw extruder are as follows: the temperature of the plasticizing area is 170-175 ℃, the temperature of the die head is 175-180 ℃, and the rotating speed of the screw is 120-125 rpm.
10. A plastic bottle, characterized in that, the plastic bottle is obtained by blowing the degradable plastic for blow molded bottle prepared according to the claim 7-9.
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