CN112658229B - Preparation method of ZTA ceramic reinforced wear-resistant part - Google Patents
Preparation method of ZTA ceramic reinforced wear-resistant part Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a ZTA ceramic-reinforced wear-resistant part, which comprises the steps of uniformly mixing Ti-Ni modified metallized ZTA ceramic particles with titanium powder, nickel powder and sodium silicate, then putting the mixture into a mold, carrying out vacuum sintering to obtain a preform, presetting the preform on the bottom plane of a lower mold of the metal mold, then pouring a metal matrix melt into the metal mold, driving an upper punch of the metal mold by a press machine to apply pressure to obtain a ZTA ceramic functional module, placing the ZTA ceramic functional module into a casting cavity according to the wear-resistant part of the required wear-resistant part, and then pouring a metal matrix melt into the cavity to integrally form the ZTA ceramic functional module and the metal matrix melt, thus obtaining the required ZTA ceramic-reinforced wear-resistant part. According to the invention, the metal matrix melt is infiltrated into the preform under pressure by a high-pressure infiltration method to form metallurgical bonding, so that the ZTA ceramic particle enhanced functional module with compact casting infiltration and good integrity is obtained, and the module can be applied to the batch production of wear-resistant products.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of wear-resistant material preparation, and relates to a preparation method of a ZTA ceramic reinforced wear-resistant part.
Background
In the fields of mining, power generation, metallurgy and other important industries in China, large mechanical equipment has great abrasion consumption on materials in the links of mining, crushing, grinding and the like, and abrasion-resistant materials become key technical problems which are urgently needed to be solved in the development of industries. At present, ceramic particle reinforced wear-resistant composite materials are hot spots for researching domestic and foreign wear-resistant materials, and in recent years, research reports have been reported, and wear-resistant parts compounded by high-hardness ceramic particles and metal matrixes with better toughness are successfully applied in industry.
At present, a casting infiltration method is generally adopted at home and abroad to prepare the ceramic particle reinforced metal matrix composite material, firstly, ceramic particles are prepared into a porous prefabricated body, then the prefabricated body is arranged in a casting mold, and finally, through the smelting and pouring processes of a metal matrix, a metal matrix melt is cast and infiltrated into pores of the prefabricated body through the capillary action to prepare the ceramic particle reinforced wear-resistant composite material. However, the method has higher technological requirements on casting pouring temperature, preform preheating degree, pouring time and the like, has higher requirements on the porosity and the like of the preform, is easy to have the phenomena of incomplete pore filling of ceramic particles of the preform by metal matrix melt, untight interface bonding, easy shedding of the ceramic particles and the like during casting, has poor casting infiltration effect, and is difficult for general casting manufacturers to produce high-quality wear-resistant products.
Patent ZL201611038291.9 reports a preparation method of a ZTA particle reinforced steel-based composite lining plate based on chemical activation treatment, and the patent firstly adopts a high-temperature salt bath to plate titanium, and adopts a chemical nickel plating method to activate ZTA ceramic particles, but the high-temperature salt bath needs to be cleaned by boiling after titanium plating, the chemical nickel plating process is complex, and in the high-temperature salt bath titanium plating, chemical substances such as highly toxic barium chloride and the like need to be used. Then preparing the ceramic particles into a porous prefabricated body, arranging the prefabricated body in a casting mould, and preparing the ceramic particle reinforced wear-resistant composite lining plate by a cast-infiltration method. However, the method has higher process requirements on casting pouring temperature, preform preheating degree, porosity of the preform, pouring time and the like, the prepared porous preform has poor compression resistance and poor casting infiltration effect, and the phenomena of incomplete pore filling of ceramic particles of the preform by metal matrix melt, loose interface combination, easy shedding of the ceramic particles and the like are easy to occur.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of a ZTA ceramic reinforced wear-resistant part, which solves the problems that the interface bonding strength of ceramic particles and a metal matrix in the existing ceramic reinforced wear-resistant part is low and the ceramic particles are easy to fall off.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the preparation method of the ZTA ceramic reinforced wear-resistant part comprises the following steps:
and 4, placing the ZTA ceramic functional module in a casting cavity according to the wear-resistant part of the required wear-resistant part, and then pouring metal matrix melt into the casting cavity to integrally form the ZTA ceramic functional module and the metal matrix melt, thus obtaining the required ZTA ceramic reinforced wear-resistant part.
The present invention is also technically characterized in that,
the specific process of step 1 is as follows:
step 1.1, mixing titanium powder and ZTA ceramic particles according to a mass ratio of 1: 5, uniformly mixing, and sintering in a vacuum furnace at 750-800 ℃ to prepare titanium-plated ZTA ceramic particles;
and step 1.2, immersing the titanium-plated ZTA ceramic particles into nickel plating solution for chemical nickel plating to obtain Ti-Ni modified metallized ZTA ceramic particles.
In the step 2, uniformly mixing titanium powder and nickel powder to form titanium-nickel mixed powder, uniformly mixing metallized ZTA ceramic particles, titanium-nickel mixed powder and water glass, and then putting the mixture into a graphite mold, wherein the mass ratio of the titanium powder to the nickel powder is 1: 1, the mass of the titanium-nickel mixed powder accounts for 10-20% of the mass of the metallized ZTA ceramic particles, and the mass of the water glass accounts for 6-8% of the mass of the metallized ZTA ceramic particles.
The specific process of step 3 is as follows:
step 3.1, melting the metal matrix material, and refining for later use;
step 3.2, mounting the metal die on a press machine, and carrying out preheating treatment on the metal die at 300-350 ℃;
step 3.3, pre-arranging the prefabricated body on the bottom plane of a lower die of a metal die, pouring the refined metal matrix melt into the metal die, driving an upper punch of the metal die to apply pressure of 50-80 MPa by a press machine, maintaining the pressure for 30-60 s, and opening the die to obtain a ZTA ceramic functional module blank;
and 3.4, machining the metal substrate on the top of the ZTA ceramic functional module blank to form the I-shaped ZTA ceramic functional module.
In step 1.1, the grain diameter of ZTA ceramic particles is 2mm-3mm, and titanium powder and ZTA ceramic particles are uniformly mixed by a vacuum ball mill.
In the step 1.1, the mixture is placed in a vacuum furnace to be sintered at the temperature of 750-800 ℃, and the sintering time is 1-2 h.
In step 1.2, before chemical nickel plating is carried out on the titanium plating ZTA ceramic particles, the titanium plating ZTA ceramic particles obtained in step 1.1 are soaked in an activating agent, mechanically stirred for 1min-2min, filtered out and dried in an oven.
In step 1.2, the titanium plating ZTA ceramic particles are immersed into nickel plating solution with the temperature of 85-95 ℃ for chemical nickel plating, mechanically stirred for 10-20 min, filtered to obtain ZTA ceramic particles, washed by water and dried in an oven at 50-60 ℃, thus obtaining the Ti-Ni modified metallized ZTA ceramic particles.
The invention has the beneficial effects that the ZTA ceramic reinforced wear-resistant part is prepared by Ti-Ni modified metallized ZTA ceramic particles, the wettability of the ceramic particles and a metal matrix is improved, and the interface bonding strength of the ceramic particles and the metal matrix is improved; the metal matrix melt is fully infiltrated into the prefabricated body under pressure by a high-pressure infiltration method, so that the difficult problems of weak bonding strength and easy peeling of ZTA ceramic and the metal matrix are fundamentally solved; the method of combining mechanical ball milling, vacuum sintering and chemical coating is adopted to obtain the metallized ZTA ceramic particles with complete compact metal layers, so that highly toxic substances such as barium chloride and the like required in high-temperature salt bath titanizing are avoided, the operation is simple, no pollution is caused, the preparation cost of the product is reduced, and the method can be used for producing wear-resistant products in batches.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between a preform and a metal mold in a method for manufacturing a ZTA ceramic-reinforced wear-resistant part according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the internal structure of a ZTA ceramic functional module in the method for manufacturing the ZTA ceramic reinforced wear-resistant part.
In the figure, 1, a press, 2, an upper punch of a metal mold, 3, a metal mold, 4, a metal matrix melt, 5, a prefabricated body, 6, a bottom plane of a lower mold, 7, a metal matrix part and 8, a ZTA ceramic functional module.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The invention relates to a preparation method of a ZTA ceramic reinforced wear-resistant part, which comprises the following steps:
step 1.1, selecting ZTA ceramic particles with the particle size of 2mm-3mm, removing grease and impurities on the surfaces of the ceramic particles with alcohol, and performing vacuum ball milling on titanium powder and the ZTA ceramic particles according to the mass ratio of 1: 5, uniformly mixing, and sintering in a vacuum furnace at the temperature of 750-800 ℃ for 1-2 h to prepare titanium-plated ZTA ceramic particles;
step 1.2, soaking the titanium plating ZTA ceramic particles in an activating agent, mechanically stirring for 1min-2min, filtering out the titanium plating ZTA ceramic particles, and drying in an oven at 50-60 ℃;
and step 1.3, immersing the dried titanium-plated ZTA ceramic particles into nickel plating solution at the temperature of 85-95 ℃ for chemical nickel plating, mechanically stirring for 10-20 min, filtering out the ZTA ceramic particles, washing with water, and drying in an oven at the temperature of 50-60 ℃ to obtain the Ti-Ni modified metallized ZTA ceramic particles.
Step 2.1, mixing the raw materials in a mass ratio of 1: 1, uniformly mixing the titanium powder and the nickel powder to form titanium-nickel mixed powder;
step 2.2, uniformly mixing the metallized ZTA ceramic particles, the titanium-nickel mixed powder and the water glass, and then putting the mixture into a graphite mold, wherein the internal structure of the graphite mold is a simple rod-shaped or block-shaped structure, the mass of the titanium-nickel mixed powder accounts for 10-20% of the mass of the metallized ZTA ceramic particles, and the mass of the water glass accounts for 6-8% of the mass of the metallized ZTA ceramic particles;
step 2.3, placing the graphite mold filled with the powder in a vacuum sintering furnace, and controlling the vacuum degree to be 1 multiplied by 10-1Pa-1×10-2Pa, raising the furnace temperature from room temperature to 1300-1400 ℃ at the heating rate of 8-12 ℃/min, preserving the temperature for 1-3 h, and cooling to room temperature along with the furnace to obtain the rod-shaped or block-shaped preform.
Step 3.1, melting the metal matrix material, and refining for later use;
step 3.2, mounting the metal die on a press machine, and carrying out preheating treatment on the metal die at 300-350 ℃;
step 3.3, referring to fig. 1, presetting a prefabricated body 5 on a lower die bottom plane 6 of a metal die 3, pouring a refined metal matrix melt 4 into the metal die 3, driving an upper punch 2 of the metal die by a press machine 1 to apply pressure of 50-80 MPa, maintaining the pressure for 30-60 s, and then opening the die to obtain a ZTA ceramic functional module blank; by adopting a high-pressure infiltration method, the metal matrix melt is fully filled in the pores of the preform, and metallurgical bonding is formed, so that the difficult problems that the ZTA ceramic and the metal matrix have weak bonding strength and are easy to peel are fundamentally solved, and the ZTA ceramic particle reinforced functional module blank with compact, uniform and good integrity is obtained.
And 3.4, machining the metal base part 7 at the top of the ZTA ceramic functional module blank, and polishing and flattening to form an I-shaped ZTA ceramic functional module 8 (see figure 2).
And 4, placing the ZTA ceramic functional module into a casting cavity according to the wear-resistant part of the required wear-resistant part, and then pouring metal matrix melt into the casting cavity to integrally form the I-shaped ZTA ceramic functional module and the metal matrix, thus obtaining the required ZTA ceramic reinforced wear-resistant part.
The I-shaped ZTA ceramic functional module and the metal matrix are integrally molded at one time, the bonding strength of the functional module and the metal matrix is ensured, and the prepared ZTA ceramic reinforced wear-resistant part has excellent performance.
Example 1
The preparation method of the ZTA ceramic-reinforced high-chromium cast iron wear-resistant part comprises the following steps:
step 1.1, selecting ZTA ceramic particles with the particle size of 2mm, removing grease and impurities on the surfaces of the ceramic particles with alcohol, and performing vacuum ball milling on titanium powder and the ZTA ceramic particles according to the mass ratio of 1: 5, uniformly mixing, and sintering in a vacuum furnace at 750 ℃ for 1h to prepare titanium-plated ZTA ceramic particles;
step 1.2, soaking the titanium-plated ZTA ceramic particles in an activating agent, mechanically stirring for 1min, filtering out the titanium-plated ZTA ceramic particles, and drying in an oven at 50 ℃;
and step 1.3, immersing the dried titanium-plated ZTA ceramic particles into nickel plating solution at the temperature of 85 ℃ for chemical nickel plating, mechanically stirring for 10min, filtering out the ZTA ceramic particles, washing with water, and drying in an oven at the temperature of 50 ℃ to obtain the Ti-Ni modified metallized ZTA ceramic particles.
Step 2.1, mixing the raw materials in a mass ratio of 1: 1, uniformly mixing the titanium powder and the nickel powder to form titanium-nickel mixed powder;
2.2, uniformly mixing the metalized ZTA ceramic particles, titanium-nickel mixed powder and water glass, and then putting the mixture into a graphite mold, wherein the internal structure of the graphite mold is a simple rod-shaped structure, the mass of the titanium-nickel mixed powder accounts for 10% of the mass of the metalized ZTA ceramic particles, and the mass of the water glass accounts for 6% of the mass of the metalized ZTA ceramic particles;
step 2.3, placing the graphite mold filled with the powder in a vacuum sintering furnace, and controlling the vacuum degree to be 1 multiplied by 10-1Pa, raising the furnace temperature from room temperature to 1300 ℃ at the heating rate of 8 ℃/min, preserving the temperature for 1h, and cooling to the temperature ofAnd preparing a rod-shaped preform at room temperature.
Step 3.1, melting the high-chromium cast iron metal matrix material, and refining for later use;
step 3.2, mounting the metal die on a press machine, and carrying out preheating treatment on the metal die at 300 ℃;
step 3.3, presetting the preform 5 on a lower die bottom plane 6 of a metal die 3, then pouring the refined high-chromium cast iron melt 4 into the metal die 3, driving an upper punch 2 of the metal die to apply pressure of 50MPa by a press machine 1, maintaining the pressure for 30s, and then opening the die to obtain a ZTA ceramic functional module blank;
and 3.4, machining the high-chromium cast iron part 7 at the top of the ZTA ceramic functional module blank, and polishing to be flat to form an I-shaped ZTA ceramic functional module 8.
And 4, placing the ZTA ceramic functional module into a casting cavity according to the wear-resistant part of the required wear-resistant part, and then pouring metal matrix melt into the casting cavity to integrally form the I-shaped ZTA ceramic functional module and the metal matrix, thus obtaining the required ZTA ceramic reinforced high-chromium cast iron wear-resistant part.
The I-shaped ZTA ceramic functional module and the high-chromium cast iron are integrally molded at one time, the bonding strength of the functional module and the high-chromium cast iron is ensured, and the prepared ZTA ceramic reinforced high-chromium cast iron wear-resistant part has excellent performance.
The ZTA ceramic functional module prepared in the embodiment 1 and high-chromium cast iron are respectively subjected to abrasion weight loss comparison, the experimental force is 80N, the sample size is 12mm multiplied by 30mm, and the mass difference before and after abrasion is weighed and compared after 30min of abrasion, so that the abrasion resistance is evaluated. As shown in table 1, it can be seen from table 1 that the wear performance of the ZTA ceramic functional module prepared in example 1 is 19.3 times that of high-chromium cast iron. Therefore, compared with high-chromium cast iron, the wear resistance of the ZTA ceramic functional module prepared by the method is greatly improved, and the wear resistance of the whole material can be obviously improved by integrally forming the ZTA ceramic functional module and the high-chromium cast iron.
TABLE 1 comparison of wear resistance
| Categories | Material | Loss on abrasion/mg |
| Metal matrix | High chromium cast iron | 11.2 |
| Example 1 | ZTA ceramic functional module | 0.58 |
Example 2
The preparation method of the ZTA ceramic reinforced high manganese steel wear-resistant part comprises the following steps:
step 1.1, selecting ZTA ceramic particles with the particle size of 2.5mm, removing grease and impurities on the surfaces of the ceramic particles with alcohol, and performing vacuum ball milling on titanium powder and the ZTA ceramic particles according to the mass ratio of 1: 5, uniformly mixing, and sintering in a vacuum furnace at 780 ℃ for 1.5h to prepare titanium-plated ZTA ceramic particles;
step 1.2, soaking the titanium-plated ZTA ceramic particles in an activating agent, mechanically stirring for 1.5min, filtering out the titanium-plated ZTA ceramic particles, and drying in an oven at 55 ℃;
and step 1.3, immersing the dried titanium-plated ZTA ceramic particles into a nickel plating solution at the temperature of 90 ℃ for chemical nickel plating, mechanically stirring for 15min, filtering out the ZTA ceramic particles, washing with water, and drying in an oven at the temperature of 55 ℃ to obtain the Ti-Ni modified metallized ZTA ceramic particles.
Step 2.1, mixing the raw materials in a mass ratio of 1: 1, uniformly mixing the titanium powder and the nickel powder to form titanium-nickel mixed powder;
step 2.2, uniformly mixing the metallized ZTA ceramic particles, the titanium-nickel mixed powder and the water glass, and then putting the mixture into a graphite mold, wherein the internal structure of the graphite mold is a simple blocky structure, the mass of the titanium-nickel mixed powder accounts for 15% of the mass of the metallized ZTA ceramic particles, and the mass of the water glass accounts for 7% of the mass of the metallized ZTA ceramic particles;
step 2.3, placing the graphite mold filled with the powder in a vacuum sintering furnace, and controlling the vacuum degree to be 5 multiplied by 10-2And Pa, raising the furnace temperature from room temperature to 1350 ℃ at the heating rate of 10 ℃/min, sintering for 2h, and cooling to room temperature along with the furnace to obtain the block-shaped preform.
Step 3.1, melting the high manganese steel metal matrix material, and refining for later use;
step 3.2, mounting the metal die on a press machine, and carrying out preheating treatment on the metal die at 330 ℃;
step 3.3, presetting the prefabricated body 5 on a lower die bottom plane 6 of a metal die 3, then pouring the refined high manganese steel melt 4 into the metal die 3, driving an upper punch 2 of the metal die to apply pressure of 65MPa by a press machine 1, maintaining the pressure for 45s, and then opening the die to obtain a ZTA ceramic functional module blank;
and 3.4, machining the high manganese steel part 7 at the top of the ZTA ceramic functional module blank, and polishing and flattening to form an I-shaped ZTA ceramic functional module 8.
And 4, placing the ZTA ceramic functional module into a casting cavity according to the wear-resistant part of the required wear-resistant part, and then pouring metal matrix melt into the casting cavity to integrally form the I-shaped ZTA ceramic functional module and the high manganese steel metal matrix, thus obtaining the required ZTA ceramic reinforced high manganese steel wear-resistant part.
The I-shaped ZTA ceramic functional module and the high manganese steel metal matrix are integrally formed at one time, the bonding strength of the functional module and the high manganese steel is ensured, and the prepared ZTA ceramic reinforced wear-resistant part has excellent performance.
The ZTA ceramic functional module prepared in example 2 and high manganese steel are respectively subjected to abrasion weight loss comparison, the experimental force is 80N, the sample size is 12mm multiplied by 30mm, the mass difference before and after abrasion is weighed and compared after 30min of abrasion, so that the abrasion resistance is evaluated, the experimental result is shown in Table 2, and the abrasion resistance of the ZTA ceramic functional module prepared in example 2 is 18.2 times of that of the high manganese steel. Therefore, compared with high manganese steel, the wear resistance of the ZTA ceramic functional module prepared by the method is greatly improved, and the wear resistance of the whole material can be obviously improved by integrally forming the ZTA ceramic functional module and the high manganese steel.
TABLE 2 comparison of wear resistance
| Categories | Material | Loss on abrasion/mg |
| Metal matrix | High manganese steel | 10.9 |
| Example 2 | ZTA ceramic functional module | 0.6 |
Example 3
The invention relates to a preparation method of a ZTA ceramic reinforced nickel hard cast iron wear-resistant part, which comprises the following steps:
step 1.1, selecting ZTA ceramic particles with the particle size of 3mm, removing grease and impurities on the surfaces of the ceramic particles with alcohol, and performing vacuum ball milling on titanium powder and the ZTA ceramic particles according to the mass ratio of 1: 5, uniformly mixing, and sintering in a vacuum furnace at 800 ℃ for 2h to prepare titanium-plated ZTA ceramic particles;
step 1.2, soaking the titanium-plated ZTA ceramic particles in an activating agent, mechanically stirring for 2min, filtering out the titanium-plated ZTA ceramic particles, and drying in an oven at 60 ℃;
and step 1.3, immersing the dried titanium-plated ZTA ceramic particles into a nickel plating solution at the temperature of 90 ℃ for chemical nickel plating, mechanically stirring for 20min, filtering out the ZTA ceramic particles, washing with water, and drying in an oven at the temperature of 60 ℃ to obtain the Ti-Ni modified metallized ZTA ceramic particles.
Step 2.1, mixing the raw materials in a mass ratio of 1: 1, uniformly mixing the titanium powder and the nickel powder to form titanium-nickel mixed powder;
step 2.2, uniformly mixing the metallized ZTA ceramic particles, the titanium-nickel mixed powder and the water glass, and then putting the mixture into a graphite mold, wherein the internal structure of the graphite mold is a simple blocky structure, the mass of the titanium-nickel mixed powder accounts for 20% of the mass of the metallized ZTA ceramic particles, and the mass of the water glass accounts for 8% of the mass of the metallized ZTA ceramic particles;
step 2.3, placing the graphite mold filled with the powder in a vacuum sintering furnace, and controlling the vacuum degree to be 1 multiplied by 10-2Pa, raising the furnace temperature from the room temperature to 1400 ℃ at the heating rate of 12 ℃/min, sintering for 3h, and cooling to the room temperature along with the furnace to obtain the block-shaped preform.
Step 3.1, melting a nickel hard cast iron metal base material, and refining for later use;
step 3.2, mounting the metal die on a press machine, and carrying out preheating treatment on the metal die at 350 ℃;
step 3.3, presetting the prefabricated body 5 on a lower die bottom plane 6 of a metal die 3, then pouring the refined nickel hard cast iron melt 4 into the metal die 3, driving an upper punch 2 of the metal die to apply pressure of 80MPa by a press machine 1, maintaining the pressure for 60s, and then opening the die to obtain a ZTA ceramic functional module blank;
and 3.4, machining the nickel hard cast iron part 7 at the top of the ZTA ceramic functional module blank, and polishing and flattening to form an I-shaped ZTA ceramic functional module 8.
And 4, placing the ZTA ceramic functional module in a casting cavity according to the wear-resistant part of the required wear-resistant part, and then pouring a metal matrix solution into the casting cavity to integrally form the I-shaped ZTA ceramic functional module and the nickel hard cast iron metal matrix at one time, thus obtaining the required ZTA ceramic reinforced nickel hard cast iron wear-resistant part.
The I-shaped ZTA ceramic functional module and the nickel hard cast iron metal matrix are integrally molded at one time, the bonding strength of the functional module and the nickel hard cast iron is ensured, and the prepared ZTA ceramic reinforced wear-resistant part has excellent performance.
The ZTA ceramic functional module prepared in example 3 was compared with nickel hard cast iron for weight loss by abrasion, the experimental force was 80N, the sample size was 12mm × 12mm × 30mm, and the mass difference before and after abrasion was compared by weighing after 30min of abrasion, so as to evaluate the abrasion resistance, and the experimental results are shown in table 3, in which the abrasion resistance of the ZTA ceramic functional module prepared in example 3 was 18.9 times that of nickel hard cast iron. Therefore, compared with nickel hard cast iron, the ZTA ceramic functional module prepared by the method has greatly improved wear resistance, and the ZTA ceramic functional module and the nickel hard cast iron are integrally formed, so that the wear resistance of the whole material can be obviously improved.
TABLE 3 comparison of wear resistance
| Categories | Material | Loss on abrasion/mg |
| Metal matrix | Nickel hard cast iron | 11.5 |
| Example 3 | ZTA ceramic functional module | 0.61 |
Claims (6)
1. A preparation method of a ZTA ceramic reinforced wear-resistant part is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, preparing Ti-Ni modified metallized ZTA ceramic particles;
the specific process of the step 1 is as follows:
step 1.1, mixing titanium powder and ZTA ceramic particles according to a mass ratio of 1: 5, uniformly mixing, and sintering in a vacuum furnace at 750-800 ℃ to prepare the titanized ZTA ceramic particles;
step 1.2, immersing the titanium plating ZTA ceramic particles into nickel plating solution for chemical nickel plating to obtain Ti-Ni modified metallized ZTA ceramic particles;
in the step 1.2, before chemical nickel plating is carried out on the titanium plating ZTA ceramic particles, the titanium plating ZTA ceramic particles obtained in the step 1.1 are soaked in an activating agent, mechanically stirred for 1min-2min, filtered out and dried in an oven;
in the step 1.2, immersing the titanium-plated ZTA ceramic particles into nickel plating solution at the temperature of 85-95 ℃ for chemical nickel plating, mechanically stirring for 10-20 min, filtering out the ZTA ceramic particles, washing with water, and drying in an oven at the temperature of 50-60 ℃ to obtain Ti-Ni modified metallized ZTA ceramic particles;
step 2, uniformly mixing the metallized ZTA ceramic particles prepared in the step 1 with titanium powder, nickel powder and water glass, and then putting the mixture into a graphite mold for vacuum sintering to prepare a prefabricated body;
step 3, presetting the prefabricated body on the bottom plane of a lower die of a metal die, then pouring the metal matrix melt into the metal die, driving an upper punch of the metal die to apply pressure of 50-80 MPa by a press machine, and maintaining the pressure for a period of time to obtain a ZTA ceramic functional module;
and 4, placing the ZTA ceramic functional module in a casting cavity according to the wear-resistant part of the required wear-resistant part, and then pouring metal matrix melt into the casting cavity to integrally form the ZTA ceramic functional module and the metal matrix melt, thus obtaining the required ZTA ceramic reinforced wear-resistant part.
2. The method for preparing a ZTA ceramic-reinforced wear-resistant part according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2, the titanium powder and the nickel powder are uniformly mixed to form titanium-nickel mixed powder, and then the metallized ZTA ceramic particles, the titanium-nickel mixed powder and the water glass are uniformly mixed and then are loaded into a graphite mold, wherein the mass ratio of the titanium powder to the nickel powder is 1: 1, the mass of the titanium-nickel mixed powder accounts for 10-20% of the mass of the metallized ZTA ceramic particles, and the mass of the water glass accounts for 6-8% of the mass of the metallized ZTA ceramic particles.
3. The method for preparing a ZTA ceramic-reinforced wear-resistant part according to claim 2, wherein the step 2, vacuum sintering, comprises placing the graphite mold filled with the powder in a vacuum sintering furnace, and controlling the vacuum degree to be 1 x 10-1Pa-1×10-2Pa, raising the furnace temperature from room temperature to 1300-1400 ℃ at the heating rate of 8-12 ℃/min, and preserving the temperature for 1-3 h to obtain the preform.
4. The method for preparing the ZTA ceramic-reinforced wear-resistant part according to claim 1, wherein the specific process of the step 3 is as follows:
step 3.1, melting the metal matrix material, and refining for later use;
step 3.2, mounting the metal die on a press machine, and carrying out preheating treatment on the metal die at 300-350 ℃;
step 3.3, pre-arranging the prefabricated body on the bottom plane of a lower die of a metal die, pouring the refined metal matrix melt into the metal die, driving an upper punch of the metal die to apply pressure of 50-80 MPa by a press machine, maintaining the pressure for 30-60 s, and opening the die to obtain a ZTA ceramic functional module blank;
and 3.4, machining the metal substrate on the top of the ZTA ceramic functional module blank to form the I-shaped ZTA ceramic functional module.
5. The method for preparing the ZTA ceramic-reinforced wear-resistant part according to claim 1, wherein in step 1.1, the grain size of the ZTA ceramic particles is 2mm-3mm, and titanium powder and the ZTA ceramic particles are uniformly mixed by a vacuum ball mill.
6. The method for preparing the ZTA ceramic-reinforced wear-resistant part according to claim 5, wherein in step 1.1, the part is placed in a vacuum furnace for sintering at 750-800 ℃, and the sintering time is 1-2 h.
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| CN106735100B (en) * | 2016-11-10 | 2018-07-17 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of preparation method of the ZTA particle enhanced steel iron-based composite liners based on chemical activation processing |
| CN109706438B (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2020-03-17 | 西安交通大学 | Preparation method of surface-modified ZTA ceramic particle reinforced steel-based composite material |
| CN111283176B (en) * | 2020-03-16 | 2021-12-07 | 昆明理工大学 | Preparation method of extrusion roller |
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