CN112655477A - Ecological restoration method for high and steep slope - Google Patents
Ecological restoration method for high and steep slope Download PDFInfo
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- CN112655477A CN112655477A CN202011564271.1A CN202011564271A CN112655477A CN 112655477 A CN112655477 A CN 112655477A CN 202011564271 A CN202011564271 A CN 202011564271A CN 112655477 A CN112655477 A CN 112655477A
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Abstract
The application discloses an ecological restoration method for a high and steep side slope, which comprises the steps of spraying a first nutrient medium and a second nutrient medium to the high and steep side slope, wherein the first nutrient medium forms a first matrix layer positioned at the bottom and contacted with the high and steep side slope, the second nutrient medium forms a second matrix layer positioned above the first matrix layer, and the thickness of the first matrix layer is 3-5 times that of the second matrix layer; the second nutrient medium includes seeds. The first nutrient medium moisture content of this application is few, and viscidity is big, can form with the first matrix layer of the better complex of steep side slope of height, can form the second matrix layer that is located first matrix layer top through the second nutrient medium that contains the seed of the spray-seeding, and the thickness of first matrix layer is 3 ~ 5 times of second matrix layer thickness, can reach reliably connecting steep side slope of height through thicker first matrix layer, also can provide sufficient depth and let the reliable growth of seed of second matrix layer.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of ecological restoration, in particular to an ecological restoration method for a high and steep slope.
Background
The slope has serious water and soil loss and is not suitable for vegetation growth, and the existing restoration method mainly aims at a gentle slope and cannot well restore a high and steep slope with an inclination angle of more than 60 degrees.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides an ecological restoration method for a steep slope.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a first nutrient medium and a second nutrient medium are sprayed on a high and steep slope, the first nutrient medium forms a first matrix layer which is in contact with the high and steep slope, the second nutrient medium forms a second matrix layer which is positioned above the first matrix layer, and the thickness of the first matrix layer is 3-5 times that of the second matrix layer; the first nutrient medium comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass:
8.5-9.5 parts of bottom mud or tailings of an ore area
7.5-8.5 parts of turfy soil or humic acid organic fertilizer;
3.5-4.5 parts of plant fiber;
0.18-0.22 part of soil microecological improvement liquid;
0.04-0.06 part of slow-release compound fertilizer;
1.8-2.2 parts of low-alkali sulphoaluminate cement;
0.18-0.22 parts of sulfur powder;
0.18-0.22 part of polyvinyl alcohol;
1.8-2.2 parts of active silicon dioxide;
0.009-0.011 part of hydrogen peroxide;
2.5-3 parts of water;
the second nutrient medium comprises seeds and also comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass:
9-11 parts of turfy soil or humic acid organic fertilizer;
1.8-2.2 parts of plant fiber;
0.45-0.55 part of soil microecological improvement liquid;
0.18-0.22 part of slow-release compound fertilizer;
2.8-3.2 parts of low-alkali sulphoaluminate cement;
0.08-0.12 part of sulfur powder;
0.25-0.35 parts of polyvinyl alcohol;
2.8-3.2 parts of active silicon dioxide;
0.004-0.006 part of hydrogen peroxide;
60-100 parts of water.
The first nutrient medium moisture content of this application is few, and viscidity is big, can form with the first matrix layer of the better complex of steep side slope of height, can form the second matrix layer that is located first matrix layer top through the second nutrient medium that contains the seed of the spray-seeding, and the thickness of first matrix layer is 3 ~ 5 times of second matrix layer thickness, can reach reliably connecting steep side slope of height through thicker first matrix layer, also can provide sufficient depth and let the reliable growth of seed of second matrix layer.
The first nutrient medium and the second nutrient medium can provide various sufficient nutrients for plants; the low-alkali sulphoaluminate cement is added, so that the compressive strength is higher, the surface erosion resistance is higher, and the low-alkali sulphoaluminate cement can be quickly bonded into a solid; the hydrogen peroxide is added to form a pore structure and a porous channel, so that the water storage rate is high, the water retention time is long, and the plant water-retaining agent is suitable for long-term survival and growth of plants; the pH value of the nutrient medium can be adjusted by adding the sulfur powder, so that the nutrient medium is suitable for plant growth.
In practice, in order to ensure better porosity, it is preferable to add hydrogen peroxide and mix it with stirring before spraying.
The first matrix layer and the second matrix layer of this application both had soil nutritive property, the quick coagulability of cement, porous structure's water retention, in addition when plant root must grow develop to enough powerful and with prick the root gradually and get into the slope, root strength can make the matrix layer broken and morate and manners into the partly of soil inorganic component gradually under the effect of the microorganism of soil microecology improvement liquid, do not have any secondary pollution to the environment.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the first substrate layer is 8cm, and the thickness of the second substrate layer is 2 cm.
In one embodiment of the present invention, each square meter of the second substrate layer contains 15-25 g of seeds.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the seeds are one or more of tall fescue, ryegrass, alfalfa, magnolia multiflora, acacia, bermudagrass, zoysia japonica, buffalo grass, pratense grass, amorpha fruticosa, chaste tree twigs, rhus chinensis, lespedeza, hippophae rhamnoides, ailanthus altissima, pyracantha fortuneana, cassia jutre, ligustrum quihoui and slash pine.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the plant fiber is one or more of straw, sawdust, bamboo powder, bamboo dust, bagasse, coconut husk, and palm fiber.
The plant fiber is waste, so that waste can be changed into valuable, the environment is protected, and the cost is saved.
In one embodiment of the invention, the soil microecological improvement solution comprises bioactive water and water, wherein the bioactive water accounts for 2.5-5% by mass, and the water accounts for 95-97.5% by mass; the bioactive water comprises amino acid, compound microorganism and trace elements, wherein the amino acid is 1.65-2.00 mg/ml, the number of the compound microorganism is 30000000-32000000 cfu, and the trace elements are 750-1000 mg/l.
Amino acid in the bioactive water is small-molecular organic carbon, so that basic nutrition is provided for plants and soil microorganisms, increase of soil organic matters is promoted, growth of plant roots and plants is promoted, mass propagation of microbial flora is promoted, activity is enhanced, and the composite microorganism in the bioactive water can improve soil environment; the microelements of the bioactive water can provide nutrition for plants and soil microorganisms, promote plant growth and microorganism propagation, and provide a foundation for soil improvement.
The nutrient medium of the application provides four main components of organic, inorganic, mineral and microorganism which are basic for plant breeding.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the compound microorganism is a combination of at least two of rhodococcus roseus, actinomycetes, bacillus subtilis, bacillus mucilaginosus, lactic acid bacteria, yeast and photosynthetic bacteria.
Rhodococcus roseus can degrade environmental pollutants such as organic pesticide, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, aromatic hydrocarbon and the like, and the secreted nitrile hydratase and lipase have excellent bioremediation effect; the actinomycetes can secrete cytokinin to promote the growth of plants, and the growing hyphae can promote the absorption of root water and effectively improve the drought resistance of the plants; active substances such as subtilin, polymyxin, nystatin, gramicidin and the like generated by bacillus subtilis have obvious inhibition effect on various plant pathogenic bacteria; the bacillus mucilaginosus has phosphorus dissolving and nitrogen fixing capacities, and can secrete various extracellular enzymes to improve the stress resistance of plants; the lactobacillus can decompose lignin and cellulose which are not easy to decompose in normal state, ferment and decompose organic matters, and promote plants to absorb and grow; the saccharomycetes can synthesize active substances for promoting cell division and root growth, and promote seed germination and root development; the photosynthetic bacteria can synthesize saccharides, amino acids, nitrogen compounds and bioactive substances, and can be used for fertilizing soil and promoting plant growth.
The ecological environment can be effectively improved by combining at least two fungi. In actual application, in order to ensure a good repairing effect, the compound microorganisms comprise rhodococcus roseus, actinomycetes, bacillus subtilis, bacillus mucilaginosus, lactic acid bacteria, saccharomycetes and photosynthetic bacteria.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the trace elements include copper, iron, zinc and manganese, wherein the copper is 150-200 mg/l, the iron is 200-300 mg/l, the zinc is 300-350 mg/l, and the manganese is 10-15 mg/l.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the first nutrient medium moisture content of this application is few, and viscidity is big, can form with the first matrix layer of the better complex of steep side slope of height, can form the second matrix layer that is located first matrix layer top through the second nutrient medium that contains the seed of the spray-seeding, and the thickness of first matrix layer is 3 ~ 5 times of second matrix layer thickness, can reach reliably connecting steep side slope of height through thicker first matrix layer, also can provide sufficient depth and let the reliable growth of seed of second matrix layer.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an ecological restoration method for a high and steep slope;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the injection device;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the control tube;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the mobile station and wireline engagement;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view at A in FIG. 2;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged view at B in FIG. 2;
fig. 7 is a schematic illustration of two separate bodies.
The figures are numbered:
100. side slope; 200. a first substrate layer; 300. a second substrate layer; 1. a body; 2. a first nozzle; 3. a control tube; 4. pipe distribution; 5. a control component; 6. dividing heads; 7. a second nozzle; 8. a drive element; 9. a valve stem; 10. a tapered portion; 11. a connecting member; 12. a multi-port injector head; 13. a first profile; 14. a second profile; 15. a base; 16. a first drive mechanism; 17. a top seat; 18. a second drive mechanism; 19. a wire rope; 20. a movable seat; 21. a third drive mechanism; 22. a drop-proof groove; 23. a slider; 24. splitting; 25. a through hole; 26. a roller set; 27. an annular limiting groove; 28. a first electric winding disc; 29. a first connecting cable; 30. a second electric winding disc; 31. a second connecting cable; 32. a third electric winding disc; 33. a third connecting cable; 34. a guide wheel; 35. a limiting vertical plate; 36. a limiting hole; 37. and (7) winding the wheel.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
As shown in figure 1, a method for ecologically restoring a high and steep slope comprises the step of spraying a first nutrient medium and a second nutrient medium on the high and steep slope 100, wherein the first nutrient medium forms a first matrix layer 200 in contact with the high and steep slope 100, the second nutrient medium forms a second matrix layer 300 above the first matrix layer 200, and the thickness of the first matrix layer is 3-5 times that of the second matrix layer.
In actual application, the first nutrient medium comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass:
8.5-9.5 parts of bottom mud or tailings of an ore area
7.5-8.5 parts of turfy soil or humic acid organic fertilizer;
3.5-4.5 parts of plant fiber;
0.18-0.22 part of soil microecological improvement liquid;
0.04-0.06 part of slow-release compound fertilizer;
1.8-2.2 parts of low-alkali sulphoaluminate cement;
0.18-0.22 parts of sulfur powder;
0.18-0.22 part of polyvinyl alcohol;
1.8-2.2 parts of active silicon dioxide;
0.009-0.011 part of hydrogen peroxide;
2.5-3 parts of water;
in actual application, the second nutrient medium comprises seeds and also comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass:
9-11 parts of turfy soil or humic acid organic fertilizer;
1.8-2.2 parts of plant fiber;
0.45-0.55 part of soil microecological improvement liquid;
0.18-0.22 part of slow-release compound fertilizer;
2.8-3.2 parts of low-alkali sulphoaluminate cement;
0.08-0.12 part of sulfur powder;
0.25-0.35 parts of polyvinyl alcohol;
2.8-3.2 parts of active silicon dioxide;
0.004-0.006 part of hydrogen peroxide;
60-100 parts of water.
The first nutrient medium is low in moisture content and high in viscosity, a first matrix layer which is well matched with a high and steep side slope can be formed, a second matrix layer located above the first matrix layer can be formed by spraying a second nutrient medium containing seeds, the thickness of the first matrix layer is 3-5 times that of the second matrix layer, the first matrix layer can be reliably connected with the high and steep side slope, and sufficient depth can be provided to enable seeds of the second matrix layer to grow reliably.
The first nutrient medium and the second nutrient medium can provide various sufficient nutrients for plants; the low-alkali sulphoaluminate cement is added, so that the compressive strength is higher, the surface erosion resistance is higher, and the low-alkali sulphoaluminate cement can be quickly bonded into a solid; the hydrogen peroxide is added to form a pore structure and a porous channel, so that the water storage rate is high, the water retention time is long, and the plant water-retaining agent is suitable for long-term survival and growth of plants; the pH value of the nutrient medium can be adjusted by adding the sulfur powder, so that the nutrient medium is suitable for plant growth.
In practice, in order to ensure better porosity, it is preferable to add hydrogen peroxide and mix it with stirring before spraying.
The first matrix layer and the second matrix layer have soil nutrition performance, cement rapid condensation performance and porous structure water retention performance, and in addition, when plant roots grow to be strong enough and gradually prick roots to enter a slope, the root system strength can enable the matrix layers to be broken and gradually weathered to become a part of soil inorganic components under the action of microorganisms of the soil micro-ecological improvement solution, and no secondary pollution is caused to the environment.
In practice, the seed is one or more of rhizoma Imperatae, Lolium Perenne, herba Medicaginis, flos Magnoliae, Robinia Pseudoacacia, herba Cynodonti, herba zoysiae, herba Carpesii Divaricati, herba Pogostemonis, herba Potentillae pratense, herba amorphophalli, herba Schizonepetae, cortex Rhus chinensis, caulis Seu folium Lespedezae Bicoloris, Lespedeza virgata, fructus Hippophae, Ailanthus altissima, pyracantha fortuneana, semen Cassiae, Ligustrum quihounensis and herba Lycopodii Serrati.
In actual application, the plant fiber is one or more of straw, sawdust, bamboo powder and bamboo dust, bagasse, coconut husk and palm fiber. The plant fiber is waste, so that waste can be changed into valuable, the environment is protected, and the cost is saved.
When in actual use, the type of the low-alkali sulphoaluminate cement can be 425# or 525 #; the model of the slow-release compound fertilizer can be 19-19-10.
In this embodiment, the thickness of the first substrate layer is 8cm, and the thickness of the second substrate layer is 2 cm.
In practical application, each square meter of the second matrix layer contains 15-25 g of seeds. In this embodiment, the second matrix layer contains 20g of seeds per square meter.
In actual application, the soil micro-ecological improvement liquid comprises bioactive water and water, wherein the mass fraction of the bioactive water is 2.5-5%, and the mass fraction of the water is 95-97.5%; the bioactive water comprises amino acid, compound microorganism and trace elements, wherein the amino acid is 1.65-2.00 mg/ml, the number of the compound microorganism is 30000000-32000000 cfu, and the trace elements are 750-1000 mg/l. Amino acid in the bioactive water is small-molecular organic carbon, so that basic nutrition is provided for plants and soil microorganisms, increase of soil organic matters is promoted, growth of plant roots and plants is promoted, mass propagation of microbial flora is promoted, activity is enhanced, and the composite microorganism in the bioactive water can improve soil environment; the microelements of the bioactive water can provide nutrition for plants and soil microorganisms, promote plant growth and microorganism propagation, and provide a foundation for soil improvement. The nutrient medium of the application provides four main components of organic, inorganic, mineral and microorganism which are basic for plant breeding.
In actual application, the compound microorganism is at least two combinations of Rhodococcus roseus, Actinomycetes, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus mucilaginosus, lactic acid bacteria, yeast and photosynthetic bacteria. The trace elements comprise copper element, iron element, zinc element and manganese element, wherein the copper element is 150-200 mg/l, the iron element is 200-300 mg/l, the zinc element is 300-350 mg/l, and the manganese element is 10-15 mg/l.
Rhodococcus roseus can degrade environmental pollutants such as organic pesticide, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, aromatic hydrocarbon and the like, and the secreted nitrile hydratase and lipase have excellent bioremediation effect; the actinomycetes can secrete cytokinin to promote the growth of plants, and the growing hyphae can promote the absorption of root water and effectively improve the drought resistance of the plants; active substances such as subtilin, polymyxin, nystatin, gramicidin and the like generated by bacillus subtilis have obvious inhibition effect on various plant pathogenic bacteria; the bacillus mucilaginosus has phosphorus dissolving and nitrogen fixing capacities, and can secrete various extracellular enzymes to improve the stress resistance of plants; the lactobacillus can decompose lignin and cellulose which are not easy to decompose in normal state, ferment and decompose organic matters, and promote plants to absorb and grow; the saccharomycetes can synthesize active substances for promoting cell division and root growth, and promote seed germination and root development; the photosynthetic bacteria can synthesize saccharides, amino acids, nitrogen compounds and bioactive substances, and can be used for fertilizing soil and promoting plant growth.
The ecological environment can be effectively improved by combining at least two fungi. In actual application, in order to ensure a good repairing effect, the compound microorganisms comprise rhodococcus roseus, actinomycetes, bacillus subtilis, bacillus mucilaginosus, lactic acid bacteria, saccharomycetes and photosynthetic bacteria.
In this embodiment, in parts by mass of the first nutrient medium: 9 parts of bottom mud or tailings of the ore region; 8 parts of turfy soil or humic acid organic fertilizer; 4 parts of plant fiber; 0.2 part of soil micro-ecological improvement liquid; 0.05 part of slow-release compound fertilizer; 2 parts of low-alkali sulphoaluminate cement; 0.2 part of sulfur powder; 0.2 part of polyvinyl alcohol; 2 parts of active silicon dioxide; 0.01 part of hydrogen peroxide; and 2.7 parts of water. The formula of the soil microecological repairing agent comprises 45g of bioactive water and 1125g of water, 1.8mg/ml of amino acid, 1000000cfu of the number of compound microorganisms, 150mg/l of copper element, 200mg/l of iron element, 300mg/l of zinc element and 10mg/l of manganese element.
In the second nutrient medium: 10 parts of turfy soil or humic acid organic fertilizer; 2 parts of plant fiber; 0.5 part of soil micro-ecological improvement liquid; 0.2 part of slow-release compound fertilizer; 3 parts of low-alkali sulphoaluminate cement; 0.1 part of sulfur powder; 0.3 part of polyvinyl alcohol; 3 parts of active silicon dioxide; 0.005 part of hydrogen peroxide; 100 parts of water. The formula of the soil microecological repairing agent comprises 45g of bioactive water and 1125g of water, 1.8mg/ml of amino acid, 1000000cfu of the number of compound microorganisms, 150mg/l of copper element, 200mg/l of iron element, 300mg/l of zinc element and 10mg/l of manganese element.
After spray seeding, the porosity of the first matrix layer is 30-35%, the erosion resistance index is 8.3-9.0, the compressive strength is 7.5-8.2 MPa, and the 2-level 10 balance average water retention rate of 20-DEG C sunlight scattering wind power is 43-48%.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 2 to 7, the present embodiment discloses a spraying device for vegetation nutrient medium, which can be used in embodiment 1, and the spraying device comprises:
a first section bar 13 for laying on the slope bottom;
a second section bar 14 for laying on the top of a slope;
a base 15, which is arranged on the first section bar 13 in a sliding manner;
the first driving mechanism 16 is arranged on the first section bar 13 and used for driving the base 15 to move left and right;
a top seat 17, slidingly arranged on the second section bar 14;
the second driving mechanism 18 is arranged on the second sectional material 14 and used for driving the top seat 17 to move left and right, and the top seat 17 and the base 15 move synchronously;
two parallel steel wire ropes 19, wherein one ends of the two steel wire ropes 19 are fixed relative to the base 15, and the other ends of the two steel wire ropes are fixed relative to the top seat 17;
a movable base 20 mounted on the two wire ropes 19;
the spray head is fixed on the movable seat 20 and is a multi-port spray head 12;
and a third driving mechanism 21 provided on the base 15 and the top base 17 for driving the movable base 20 to reciprocate along the longitudinal direction of the wire rope 19.
The existing slope spray-seeding work is carried out by manually controlling the spray head, so that the labor intensity is high and the spray-seeding quality is unstable. The utility model provides an injection apparatus simple structure, can be comparatively quick build on the side slope, base 15 and footstock 17 through synchronous movement can drive two wire rope 19 and remove about, the injector head can remove about promptly, can drive through third actuating mechanism 21 and remove seat 20 along wire rope 19 direction reciprocating motion, the injector head can reciprocate promptly to the automatic spray-seeding of whole side slope can be realized to the injector head of this application, not only the spray-seeding steady quality, and can effectively improve the efficiency of construction moreover.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the multi-orifice jet head of the present embodiment includes:
the body 1 is provided with a first nozzle 2, and the first nozzle 2 is used for being communicated with a pipeline for conveying a first nutrient medium;
the control tube 3 is provided with an opening at one end, the opening end of the control tube 3 is used for being communicated with a pipeline for conveying a second nutrient medium, and the side wall of the control tube 3 is also provided with two branch tubes 4;
two groups of control components 5 are arranged on the control tube 3 and are respectively matched with the corresponding branch tubes 4 to control the communication or the closing of the branch tubes 4 and the control tube 3;
two divide the head 6, fix respectively in the upside and the downside of body 1, divide head 6 to have second spout 7, second spout 7 is used for with the branch pipe 4 intercommunication that corresponds.
Can realize that an injector head can spout two kinds of nutrient bases through setting up body 1 and dividing head 6, during actual operation, first spout 2 sprays first nutrient base earlier, then body 1 removes to the X direction, and body 1 removes the back and opens with X opposite direction's branch head 6, and the shower nozzle once removes and can spout two-layer nutrient base simultaneously this moment, for prior art, can improve the efficiency of construction greatly. Specifically, the X direction is upward or downward relative to the slope.
In the present embodiment, it is preferable that the first nozzle 2 is rectangular, and the second nozzle 7 is also rectangular.
In the present embodiment, the control component 5 includes:
a driving element 8 fixed to an outer side wall of the control tube 3;
and a valve rod 9, wherein a first end of the valve rod 9 penetrates through the control tube 3 to be fixed with the driving element 8, a second end of the valve rod is opposite to the branch tube 4, the second end of the valve rod is provided with a conical part 10, the valve rod 9 is in sliding sealing fit with the control tube 3, and the conical part 10 can be driven by the driving element 8 to seal the branch tube 4 or open the branch tube 4.
The driving element 8 may be an electromagnet, a linear motor or an electric push rod.
In the present embodiment, the control tube 3 is fixed relative to the body 1; the body 1 is provided with a sensor for detecting the moving direction of the body 1. The corresponding control assembly 5 can be automatically controlled to work through a sensor for detecting the moving direction of the body 1, specifically, the control assembly 5 and the sensor are both connected with a controller, when the sensor detects that the body 1 moves downwards, the branch head 6 positioned above the body 1 is opened for discharging, and the other branch head 6 is closed; when the sensor detects that the body 1 moves upwards, the branch head 6 positioned below the body 1 is opened to discharge materials, and the other branch head 6 is closed. During actual application, the sensor is a combination of at least two of a gyroscope, an accelerometer, a GPS (global positioning system) positioner and a Beidou positioner.
In the present embodiment, the branch head 6 is fixed to the outer side of the body 1 by a connecting member 11. Preferably, the connecting member 11 is an adjustable connecting member 11, and the distance between the branch head 6 and the body 1 can be adjusted through the connecting member 11. Through adjusting branch head 6 and body 1 to suitable distance, can realize better spray seeding work, during the actual use, connecting piece 11 can be many different length's screw rods.
In this embodiment, the first section bar 13 and the second section bar 14 each have a slip-off preventing groove 22 along their length direction, and the lower ends of the base 15 and the top seat 17 are each provided with a sliding block 23 which is matched with the corresponding slip-off preventing groove 22.
In the present embodiment, the sliding block 23 is trapezoidal, and the shape of the anti-drop groove 22 is matched with the sliding block 23. The trapezoidal design can effectively prevent the slide block 23 from separating from the anti-drop groove 22 up and down.
In the present embodiment, the first section bar 13 and the second section bar 14 comprise a plurality of separate bodies 24 which are detachably connected in sequence, and each separate body 24 is provided with a separation-preventing groove 22. The sectional material with proper length can be obtained through the detachable split body 24, and the transportation is also convenient.
In the embodiment, each of the sub-bodies 24 is provided with a through hole 25, the through hole 25 is used for a fixing anchor to pass through, and the sub-body 24 is fixed with the ground through the fixing anchor.
In this embodiment, the left side and the right side of the movable base 20 are provided with roller sets 26, the outer side wall of the roller set 26 is provided with an annular limiting groove 27, and the wire rope 19 is embedded into the annular limiting groove 27 of the corresponding roller set 26. Can be reliable hang removal seat 20 on two wire rope 19 through annular spacing groove 27, and the gyro wheel and the wire rope 19 roll cooperation, can greatly reduced frictional force, the reciprocating motion of convenient removal seat 20.
During practical use, the base 15 and the top seat 17 are both provided with proximity switches, and the upper end and the lower end of the movable seat 20 are both provided with trigger structures matched with the corresponding proximity switches. The proximity switch can be a mechanical travel switch, the trigger structure can be a trigger rod, and after the moving seat 20 moves in place, the trigger rod can press the mechanical travel switch, so that the moving in place can be judged, and the next action can be performed.
In this embodiment, the first driving mechanism 16 includes first electric winding disks 28 respectively fixed at the left and right ends of the first section bar 13, a first connecting cable 29 is wound on the first electric winding disks 28, and both the first connecting cables 29 of the first electric winding are connected with the base 15;
the second driving mechanism 18 comprises second electric winding disks 30 respectively fixed at the left end and the right end of the second section bar 14, second connecting cables 31 are wound on the second electric winding disks 30, and the two second connecting cables 31 for second electric winding are connected with the top seat 17;
the third driving mechanism 21 comprises a third electric winding disc 32 fixed on the base 15 and the top seat 17 respectively, a third connecting cable 33 is wound on the third electric winding disc 32, and the two third connecting cables 33 of the third electric winding are connected with the moving seat 20.
The base 15 or the top seat 17 can be driven to move left and right by winding one electric winding disc and releasing the other electric winding disc. The movable seat 20 can be driven to move up and down by winding one electric winding disc and releasing the other electric winding disc.
In this embodiment, the top seat 17 further includes a guide wheel 34, and the third connecting cable 33 of the third power take-up reel 32 of the top seat 17 is connected to the moving seat 20 through the guide wheel 34.
In this embodiment, two limiting risers 35 are fixed on the base 15 and the top seat 17, each limiting riser 35 has a plurality of limiting holes 36 arranged at intervals up and down, and the steel wire rope 19 passes through the corresponding limiting holes 36.
The distance between the steel wire rope 19 and the side slope can be adjusted by selecting the limiting holes 36 with different heights, and spraying operation is facilitated.
In actual use, the top base 17 and the top base 17 are provided with chucks for chucking the wire rope 19.
In this embodiment, two winding wheels 37 with locking function are rotatably installed on the base 15, one end of the steel wire 19 is wound on the corresponding winding wheel 37, and the other end of the steel wire passes through the limiting hole 36 corresponding to the base 15 and then passes through the limiting hole 36 corresponding to the top seat 17, and then is fixed with the top seat 17. The steel wire rope 19 can be repeatedly used by arranging the winding disc, and the steel wire rope 19 is more convenient and faster to install. During actual application, the winding wheel 37 can also be arranged on the top seat 17, at this time, one end of the steel wire rope 19 is wound on the corresponding winding wheel 37, and the other end of the steel wire rope passes through the limiting hole 36 corresponding to the top seat 17 and then passes through the limiting hole 36 corresponding to the base 15, and then is fixed with the base 15.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent structural changes made by using the contents of the present specification and the drawings can be directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields and are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The ecological restoration method for the high and steep side slope is characterized in that a first nutrient medium and a second nutrient medium are sprayed to the high and steep side slope, the first nutrient medium forms a first matrix layer which is in contact with the high and steep side slope, the second nutrient medium forms a second matrix layer which is positioned above the first matrix layer, and the thickness of the first matrix layer is 3-5 times that of the second matrix layer; the first nutrient medium comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass:
8.5-9.5 parts of bottom mud or tailings of an ore area
7.5-8.5 parts of turfy soil or humic acid organic fertilizer;
3.5-4.5 parts of plant fiber;
0.18-0.22 part of soil microecological improvement liquid;
0.04-0.06 part of slow-release compound fertilizer;
1.8-2.2 parts of low-alkali sulphoaluminate cement;
0.18-0.22 parts of sulfur powder;
0.18-0.22 part of polyvinyl alcohol;
1.8-2.2 parts of active silicon dioxide;
0.009-0.011 part of hydrogen peroxide;
2.5-3 parts of water;
the second nutrient medium comprises seeds and also comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass:
9-11 parts of turfy soil or humic acid organic fertilizer;
1.8-2.2 parts of plant fiber;
0.45-0.55 part of soil microecological improvement liquid;
0.18-0.22 part of slow-release compound fertilizer;
2.8-3.2 parts of low-alkali sulphoaluminate cement;
0.08-0.12 part of sulfur powder;
0.25-0.35 parts of polyvinyl alcohol;
2.8-3.2 parts of active silicon dioxide;
0.004-0.006 part of hydrogen peroxide;
60-100 parts of water.
2. The ecological restoration method for the high and steep slope as claimed in claim 1, wherein the thickness of the first substrate layer is 8cm, and the thickness of the second substrate layer is 2 cm.
3. The ecological restoration method for the high and steep slope as claimed in claim 1, wherein the second matrix layer contains 15-25 g seeds per square meter.
4. The method for ecologically remedying a steep high slope as defined in claim 1, wherein said seeds are one or a mixture of tall fescue, rye grass, alfalfa, magnolia multiflora, acacia, bermuda grass, zoysia japonica, buffalo grass, pratense grass, amorpha fruticosa, chaste tree twigs, rhus chinensis, lespedeza, hippophae, ailanthus altissima, pyracantha fortuneana, cassia tora, ligustrum japonicum and slash pine.
5. The ecological restoration method for the high and steep slope as claimed in claim 1, wherein the plant fiber is one or more of straw, sawdust, bamboo powder, bamboo dust, bagasse, coconut coir and palm fiber.
6. The ecological restoration method for the high and steep slope as claimed in claim 1, wherein the soil microecological improvement solution comprises bioactive water and water, wherein the bioactive water is 2.5-5% by mass, and the water is 95-97.5% by mass; the bioactive water comprises amino acid, compound microorganism and trace elements, wherein the amino acid is 1.65-2.00 mg/ml, the number of the compound microorganism is 30000000-32000000 cfu, and the trace elements are 750-1000 mg/l.
7. The ecological restoration method for the high and steep slope as claimed in claim 6, wherein the complex microorganism is at least two combinations of Rhodococcus roseus, Actinomyces, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus mucilaginosus, lactic acid bacteria, yeast and photosynthetic bacteria.
8. The ecological restoration method for the high and steep slope as claimed in claim 6, wherein the trace elements include copper, iron, zinc and manganese, wherein the amount of copper is 150-200 mg/l, the amount of iron is 200-300 mg/l, the amount of zinc is 300-350 mg/l, and the amount of manganese is 10-15 mg/l.
9. The ecological restoration method for a high and steep slope according to claim 1, wherein the first nutrient medium and the second nutrient medium are sprayed by a spraying device, the spraying device comprising:
the first section bar is used for being laid on the slope bottom;
the second section bar is used for being paved on the top of a slope;
the base is arranged on the first section in a sliding mode;
the first driving mechanism is arranged on the first section bar and used for driving the base to move left and right;
the top seat is arranged on the second sectional material in a sliding manner;
the second driving mechanism is arranged on the second section bar and used for driving the top seat to move left and right, and the top seat and the base synchronously move;
one ends of the two steel wire ropes are relatively fixed with the base, and the other ends of the two steel wire ropes are relatively fixed with the top seat;
the movable seat is erected on the two steel wire ropes;
the injection head is fixed on the movable seat and is a multi-port injection head;
and the third driving mechanism is arranged on the base and the top seat and is used for driving the movable seat to reciprocate along the length direction of the steel wire rope.
10. The ecological restoration method for the high and steep slope as claimed in claim 9, wherein the multi-jet spray head comprises:
the body is provided with a first nozzle which is used for being communicated with a pipeline for conveying a first nutrient medium;
the control tube is provided with an opening at one end, the opening end of the control tube is used for being communicated with a pipeline for conveying the second nutrient medium, and the side wall of the control tube is also provided with two branch tubes;
the two groups of control components are arranged on the control tubes and are respectively matched with the corresponding branch tubes to control the communication or the closing of the branch tubes and the control tubes;
the two branch heads are respectively fixed on the upper side and the lower side of the body and provided with a second nozzle, and the second nozzle is used for communicating with the corresponding branch pipe.
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Application publication date: 20210416 |