CN112642289A - Adsorption and decomposition type VOC removing device and method based on electric heating - Google Patents
Adsorption and decomposition type VOC removing device and method based on electric heating Download PDFInfo
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- CN112642289A CN112642289A CN202011376839.7A CN202011376839A CN112642289A CN 112642289 A CN112642289 A CN 112642289A CN 202011376839 A CN202011376839 A CN 202011376839A CN 112642289 A CN112642289 A CN 112642289A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 49
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/8678—Removing components of undefined structure
- B01D53/8687—Organic components
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
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- B01D46/10—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using filter plates, sheets or pads having plane surfaces
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/8696—Controlling the catalytic process
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
- B01D2253/10—Inorganic adsorbents
- B01D2253/102—Carbon
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
- B01D2253/10—Inorganic adsorbents
- B01D2253/104—Alumina
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01D2255/102—Platinum group metals
- B01D2255/1021—Platinum
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
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- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an adsorption and decomposition type VOC removing device and method based on electric heating, comprising a cover plate chamber and a catalyst chamber which are connected; the catalyst chamber comprises a catalyst module, and the catalyst module comprises a plurality of catalyst layers; the cover plate chamber comprises a rotatable cover plate, the cover plate comprises a closed area and a flow area, gas to be processed enters the corresponding catalyst layer through the flow area, and the closed area prevents the gas from entering the corresponding catalyst layer; the catalyst module has two working modes, including a normal temperature mode and a heating mode, and in the normal temperature mode, the catalyst layer adsorbs VOC in the gas to be treated; and when the heating mode is adopted, the adsorbed VOC of the catalyst layer is subjected to digestion treatment. The invention utilizes two working modes of the catalyst module to realize VOC adsorption in a normal temperature mode and VOC digestion in a heating mode, the VOC removal rate can reach 80-95%, the removal effect is obvious, the device has simple integral structure and low cost, can be used for VOC removal of dispersed sources such as printing and dyeing plants, paint spraying plants and the like, and is easy to popularize.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of volatile organic compound treatment, in particular to an adsorption and decomposition type VOC removing device and method based on electric heating.
Background
Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) are substances widely existing in our lives, which not only pollute the environment, but also are more harmful to human health. In our daily life, industrial emissions such as process tail gas discharged from chemical plants and waste incineration flue gas contain multiple VOCs; the exhaust gas discharged from motor vehicles contains incompletely combusted hydrocarbon substances. The indoor decoration and finishing materials such as paint and solvent thereof, wood preservative, coating, plywood and the like can release various volatile organic compounds such as toluene, benzene, xylene and the like at normal temperature. Cosmetics, insecticides, and various detergents used in daily life also discharge VOC into the atmosphere. Therefore, the sources of VOC are very wide, and the VOC not only pollutes the environment, but also harms the human health, so that the treatment of volatile organic compound pollution is one of the important contents of the work of preventing and controlling the atmospheric pollution.
At present, the main treatment modes of VOC comprise a thermal decomposition method and an adsorption method, wherein the thermal decomposition method is direct flame combustion and catalytic combustion, and the mode is mainly used in industrial flue gas occasions with high VOC concentration, so that the use occasions of the mode are limited, and the mode is difficult to popularize and apply; in addition, the adsorption method is mainly suitable for low-concentration and high-flux organic waste gas, but the regeneration process of the adsorbent is complex. In addition, biological treatment methods, pressure swing adsorption separation and purification technologies, heat accumulating type thermal oxidizers, condensation recovery methods and the like are available, but the treatment methods are relatively complex in process, high in investment and operation cost and large in use limitation.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above technical problems, it is an object of the present invention to provide an adsorption-desorption type VOC removing device based on electric heating, comprising a cover plate chamber and a catalyst chamber connected;
the catalyst chamber comprises a catalyst module comprising a number of catalyst layers;
the cover plate chamber comprises a rotatable cover plate, the cover plate comprises a closed area and a flow area, gas to be processed enters the corresponding catalyst layer through the flow area, and the closed area blocks the gas from entering the corresponding catalyst layer;
the catalyst module has two working modes, including a normal temperature mode and a heating mode, and in the normal temperature mode, the catalyst layer adsorbs VOC in the gas to be treated; and when the heating mode is adopted, the adsorbed VOC of the catalyst layer is subjected to digestion treatment.
According to the technical scheme, the cover plate is circular, the circular cover plate is divided into different sector areas from a central shaft, and the sector areas comprise a sealed area and a circulating area.
By adopting the technical scheme, the sector angle of the closed area is 45-90 degrees, and the sector angle of the circulating area is 270-315 degrees.
According to the technical scheme, the cover plate chamber comprises a first driving assembly, the first driving assembly is connected with the cover plate, and the first driving assembly drives the cover plate to rotate.
By adopting the technical scheme, the catalyst is arranged in a single catalyst layer and comprises active metal and a porous carrier.
According to the technical scheme, the catalyst module comprises an electric heating element, a temperature measuring element and a heating control assembly, the heating control assembly is connected with the catalyst layer, the electric heating element is arranged in the catalyst layer, and the temperature measuring element is arranged on the wall surface of the catalyst layer.
According to the technical scheme, the wind power generation device further comprises an air extraction chamber and a wind cover, the air extraction chamber is connected with the cover plate chamber, the other end, opposite to the cover plate chamber, of the air extraction chamber is connected with the wind cover, and the air extraction chamber comprises an exhaust fan.
According to the technical scheme, the catalyst box further comprises a dust screen, and the dust screen is arranged between the cover plate chamber and the catalyst chamber and at the other end of the catalyst chamber opposite to the cover plate chamber.
Another object of the present invention is to provide an adsorptive-destructive VOC removal method based on electrical heating, comprising:
the gas to be treated is pumped to the cover plate chamber, and the gas enters the corresponding catalyst layer through the circulation area of the cover plate;
the gas enters a catalyst layer in a normal temperature mode, and the catalyst layer adsorbs VOC in the gas;
and the catalyst layer enters a heating mode, and the VOC adsorbed by the catalyst layer is subjected to digestion treatment.
By adopting the technical scheme, when in a heating mode, the corresponding catalyst layer corresponds to the closed area of the cover plate, so that the corresponding catalyst layer does not circulate gas.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the device utilizes two working modes of the catalyst module to realize VOC adsorption in a normal temperature mode and VOC digestion in a heating mode, greatly improves the VOC removal rate which can reach 80-95 percent, has obvious removal effect, can obviously increase the contact area of gas and a catalyst layer by utilizing the circulation of the gas to carry out subarea removal treatment in the catalyst chamber, realizes the non-stop replacement of the catalyst, has high working efficiency, simple integral structure and low cost, can be used for the VOC removal of dispersed sources such as printing and dyeing plants, paint spraying plants and the like, and is easy to popularize.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of an adsorption-decomposition type VOC removing device based on electric heating according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the cover plate of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a catalyst module according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a partially enlarged schematic view of a portion a of fig. 3.
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a catalyst module of the invention.
The reference numbers in the figures illustrate: 1. a cover plate chamber; 11. a cover plate; 111. a flow-through zone; 112. a closed area; 12. a first drive assembly; 2. a catalyst chamber; 21. a catalyst module; 211. a catalyst layer; 212. an electrical heating element; 213. a temperature measuring element; 214. a heating control assembly; 3. an air extraction chamber; 31. an exhaust fan; 4. a fan housing; 5. a dust screen.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.
Examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, embodiment 1 of the present invention provides an adsorption-desorption type VOC removal device based on electric heating, including a cover plate chamber 1 and a catalyst chamber 2 connected with each other, where the catalyst chamber 2 includes a catalyst module 21, the catalyst module 21 includes a plurality of catalyst layers 211, and the arrangement of the plurality of catalyst layers 211 is equivalent to partitioning in the catalyst chamber 2; the cover plate chamber 1 comprises a rotatable cover plate 11, the cover plate 11 comprises a closed area 112 and a circulation area 111, gas to be processed enters a corresponding catalyst layer 211 through the circulation area 111, the closed area 112 prevents the gas from entering the corresponding catalyst layer 211, and the gas circulation is utilized to carry out the partition removal processing in the catalyst chamber 2, so that the contact area between the gas and the catalyst layer 211 can be obviously increased.
Specifically, a catalyst is arranged in the catalyst layer 211, and the catalyst comprises active metal and a porous carrier, wherein the active metal can be transition metal elements such as Cu, Fe, Ni, Mn, and the like, or noble metal elements such as Pt, Pb, Ir, Ag, and the like; in addition, the porous carrier can adopt molecular sieves such as ZSM-5, BEA, H-beta and the like, or porous materials such as activated carbon, activated coke, CeO2, SiO2, TiO2, Al2O3 and the like.
Specifically, the shape of the cover plate 11 is preferably circular, the circular cover plate 11 is divided into different sectors from a central axis, the sectors include a sealed area 112 and a flow area 111, wherein the sector angle of the sealed area 112 is 45-90 °, the sector angle of the flow area 111 is 270-315 °, preferably, the sector angle of the sealed area 112 is 90 °, and the sector angle of the flow area 111 is 270 °, and the structural diagram of the cover plate 11 is shown in detail in fig. 3. For example, the catalyst chamber 2 is provided with 16 catalyst layers 211, the circulation region 111 corresponds to 12 catalyst layers 211, the closed region 112 corresponds to 4 catalyst layers 211, at this time, the gas to be treated enters the corresponding 12 catalyst layers 211 through the circulation region 111 of the cover plate 11, the contact area between the gas and the catalyst layers 211 can be obviously increased, and at this time, the 4 catalyst layers 211 corresponding to the closed region 112 do not work, so that the 4 catalyst layers 211 can be maintained and replaced without shutdown, and thus, the replacement without shutdown is realized.
Of course, alternative modes of operation are also possible, and preferably, the following modes of operation can be used: continuing with the above example, after the 12 catalyst layers 211 are operated, the cover plate 11 is rotated to make the flow area 111 of the cover plate 11 correspond to the other 12 catalyst layers 211 (wherein 4 catalyst layers 211 are originally corresponding to the closed area 112 of the cover plate 11, and the 4 catalyst layers 211 correspond to the flow area 111 of the cover plate 11 by rotating the cover plate 11), so as to realize the alternate operation of 16 catalyst layers 211, that is, the 4 catalyst layers 211 corresponding to the closed area 112 are transferred to the corresponding flow area 111, and the 4 catalyst layers 211 corresponding to the flow area 111 are transferred to the corresponding closed area 112. Because the problem that the adsorption effect is poor can be caused by long-time continuous use of the catalyst, 16 catalyst layers 211 are used in turn at this time, and the service life of the catalyst can be greatly prolonged. In practice, the invention can improve the service life of each catalyst by 2-3 times.
In this embodiment, the number of the catalyst layers 211 is not limited to the illustrated embodiment, and other number of embodiments may be selected in practical use, and the invention is not limited thereto.
The cover plate 11 and the chamber 1 comprise a first driving assembly 12, the first driving assembly 12 is connected with the cover plate 11, and the first driving assembly 12 drives the cover plate 11 to rotate. For example, the first driving assembly 12 may be a rotating belt, a motor and other transmission elements, and the motor, the rotating belt, the other transmission elements and the cover plate 11 constitute a rotating structure, preferably, the rotating speed is 0.1-1 r/min, for realizing the rotating action of the cover plate 11. Of course, other configurations of the first drive assembly 12 are possible, and the invention is not limited in this respect.
The catalyst chamber 2 is vertically loaded with a catalyst module 21, the catalyst module 21 has two working modes including a normal temperature mode and a heating mode, and in the normal temperature mode, the catalyst layer 211 adsorbs VOC in the gas to be treated; when in a heating mode, the VOC adsorbed by the catalyst layer 211 is subjected to digestion treatment, so that high-efficiency, low-cost and distributed removal of the VOC is realized. Specifically, the catalyst module 21 includes an electric heating element 212, a temperature measuring element 213 and a heating control assembly 214, preferably, the electric heating element 212 is a heating wire, the temperature measuring element 213 is a thermocouple, the heating wire is disposed in the catalyst layer 211, and the wall surface of the catalyst layer 211 is provided with the thermocouple. In the normal temperature mode, the heating wire in the catalyst does not work, and the temperature of the catalyst is room temperature; in the heating mode, the heating wire is electrically heated, and the temperature of the catalyst layer 211 is controlled by the thermocouple and the corresponding heating control assembly 214, generally not exceeding 200 ℃. The catalyst layer 211 may be plate-shaped or honeycomb-shaped.
In the normal temperature mode, the heating wire in the catalyst does not work, the temperature of the catalyst is room temperature, and the catalyst adsorbs VOC in the treated gas and stores the VOC in the catalyst; when the heating mode is used, the heating wires in the catalyst are electrified for heating, the VOC adsorbed by the catalyst reacts with oxygen to generate carbon dioxide and water, the VOC is cleared up, the VOC adsorption in the normal temperature mode and the VOC clearing up in the heating mode are realized by utilizing two working modes of the catalyst module 21, the VOC removal rate is greatly improved and can reach 80% -95%, and the VOC removal effect is obvious.
The two working modes of the catalyst module 21 are matched with the rotation of the cover plate 11, and in the normal temperature mode, the catalyst layer 211 at the corresponding position corresponds to the circulation area 111 of the cover plate 11, so that gas passes through the catalyst in the normal temperature mode, and the adsorption of VOC in the gas is facilitated; when in a heating mode, the catalyst layer 211 at the corresponding position corresponds to the closed area 112 of the cover plate 11, and the closed area 112 can block gas, so that the corresponding catalyst area does not circulate gas, thereby reducing the heat loss in the catalyst heating process, and reducing the heating energy consumption and the enterprise cost by matching the circulation of the gas with the heating process.
The device comprises a catalyst chamber 2, a cover plate chamber 1, an air draft chamber 3 and an air cover 4, wherein the air draft chamber 3 is connected with the cover plate chamber 1, the other end of the air draft chamber 3, which is opposite to the cover plate chamber 1, is connected with the air cover 4, and the air draft chamber 3 comprises an exhaust fan 31. Wherein the air hood 4 is a conical hood opening and is used for concentrating VOC-containing gas to be treated, and the air extraction chamber 3 is used for pumping the gas to be treated into the catalyst chamber 2.
Comprises a dust screen 5, and the dust screen 5 is arranged between the air exhaust chamber 3 and the cover plate chamber 1 and at the other end of the catalyst chamber 2 opposite to the cover plate chamber 1. Specifically, a dust screen 5 is arranged between the air extracting chamber 3 and the cover plate 11 chamber 1 and is used for filtering fine dust in the air so as to prevent the catalyst from being blocked; in addition, the other end of the catalyst chamber 2 opposite to the cover plate 11 chamber 1 is provided with a dust screen 5 for filtering the processed clean gas. The dust screen 5 may be a gauze.
Example 2
The embodiment 2 of the invention provides an adsorption and decomposition type VOC removing method based on electric heating, which comprises the following steps:
in step 101, the gas to be treated is pumped into the chamber 1 of the cover plate 11, and the gas enters the respective catalyst layers 211 via the flow-through zones 111 of the cover plate 11.
In step 102, the gas enters the catalyst layer 211 in the normal temperature mode, and the catalyst layer 211 adsorbs VOC in the gas.
For example, in the normal temperature mode, the heating wire in the catalyst is not operated, the catalyst temperature is room temperature, and the catalyst adsorbs VOC in the treated gas and stores it in the catalyst.
In step 103, the catalyst layer 211 enters a heating mode, and the VOC adsorbed by the catalyst layer 211 is subjected to a digestion process.
Illustratively, in a heating mode, the heating wires in the catalyst are electrified for heating, the VOC adsorbed by the catalyst reacts with oxygen to generate carbon dioxide and water, so as to achieve the digestion of the VOC, and in the heating mode, the corresponding catalyst layer 211 corresponds to the closed area 112 of the cover plate 11, so that the corresponding catalyst layer 211 does not circulate gas, thereby reducing the heat loss in the heating process of the catalyst, and by matching the circulation of the gas with the heating process, the energy consumption of heating is reduced, and the enterprise cost is reduced.
The device utilizes two working modes of the catalyst layer to realize VOC adsorption in a normal temperature mode and VOC digestion in a heating mode, greatly improves the VOC removal rate which can reach 80-95 percent, has obvious VOC removal effect, has simple integral structure and low cost, can be used for VOC removal of dispersed sources of printing and dyeing, paint spraying plants and the like, and is easy to popularize.
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely preferred embodiments for fully illustrating the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. The equivalent substitution or change made by the technical personnel in the technical field on the basis of the invention is all within the protection scope of the invention. The protection scope of the invention is subject to the claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an absorption formula VOC remove device that dissolves based on electrical heating which characterized in that: comprises a cover plate chamber and a catalyst chamber which are connected;
the catalyst chamber comprises a catalyst module comprising a number of catalyst layers;
the cover plate chamber comprises a rotatable cover plate, the cover plate comprises a closed area and a flow area, gas to be processed enters the corresponding catalyst layer through the flow area, and the closed area blocks the gas from entering the corresponding catalyst layer;
the catalyst module has two working modes, including a normal temperature mode and a heating mode, and in the normal temperature mode, the catalyst layer adsorbs VOC in the gas to be treated; and when the heating mode is adopted, the adsorbed VOC of the catalyst layer is subjected to digestion treatment.
2. The adsorption-digestion type VOC removal device based on electric heating of claim 1, wherein: the cover plate is circular, and the circular cover plate is divided into different sectors from a central shaft, wherein the sectors comprise a sealed area and a circulating area.
3. The adsorption-digestion type VOC removal device based on electric heating of claim 2, wherein: the sector angle of the closed area is 45-90 degrees, and the sector angle of the circulation area is 270-315 degrees.
4. The adsorption-digestion type VOC removal device based on electric heating of claim 1, wherein: the cover plate chamber comprises a first driving assembly, the first driving assembly is connected with the cover plate, and the first driving assembly drives the cover plate to rotate.
5. The adsorption-digestion type VOC removal device based on electric heating of claim 1, wherein: and a catalyst is arranged in each catalyst layer and comprises an active metal and a porous carrier.
6. The adsorption-digestion type VOC removal device based on electric heating of claim 1, wherein: the catalyst module comprises an electric heating element, a temperature measuring element and a heating control assembly, wherein the heating control assembly is connected with the catalyst layer, the electric heating element is arranged in the catalyst layer, and the temperature measuring element is arranged on the wall surface of the catalyst layer.
7. The adsorption-digestion type VOC removal device based on electric heating of claim 1, wherein: the wind-suction chamber is connected with the cover plate chamber, the other end of the wind-suction chamber, opposite to the cover plate chamber, is connected with the wind cover, and the wind-suction chamber comprises an exhaust fan.
8. The adsorption-digestion type VOC removal device based on electric heating of claim 7, wherein: the catalyst chamber is arranged in the cover plate chamber, and the other end of the catalyst chamber opposite to the cover plate chamber is provided with a dust screen.
9. An adsorption-digestion type VOC removal method based on electric heating is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the gas to be treated is pumped to the cover plate chamber, and the gas enters the corresponding catalyst layer through the circulation area of the cover plate;
the gas enters a catalyst layer in a normal temperature mode, and the catalyst layer adsorbs VOC in the gas;
and the catalyst layer enters a heating mode, and the VOC adsorbed by the catalyst layer is subjected to digestion treatment.
10. The method of claim 9 for adsorptive-destructive VOC removal based on electrical heating, wherein: in the heating mode, the respective catalyst layer corresponds to the containment region of the cover plate such that the respective catalyst layer is not vented.
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| CN114682077A (en) * | 2022-03-25 | 2022-07-01 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for deeply purifying multiple pollutants in coke oven head smoke |
| CN115253587A (en) * | 2022-06-02 | 2022-11-01 | 昆明理工大学 | Method and device for purifying organic waste gas by combining electro-catalysis and biochemistry |
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Application publication date: 20210413 |