CN112635997A - Vivaldi antenna unit - Google Patents
Vivaldi antenna unit Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112635997A CN112635997A CN202011505692.7A CN202011505692A CN112635997A CN 112635997 A CN112635997 A CN 112635997A CN 202011505692 A CN202011505692 A CN 202011505692A CN 112635997 A CN112635997 A CN 112635997A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- control cavity
- radiation
- boundary control
- cavity
- forced boundary
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
- H01Q9/045—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna with particular feeding means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/002—Protection against seismic waves, thermal radiation or other disturbances, e.g. nuclear explosion; Arrangements for improving the power handling capability of an antenna
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
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- Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a Vivaldi antenna unit, and belongs to the technical field of antennas. The antenna unit consists of radiating plates, coaxial feeders and a forced boundary control cavity, wherein index slot lines are arranged between the radiating plates, the coaxial feeders are used for directly feeding electricity to the radiating plates, and the forced boundary control cavity surrounds the bottom of the radiating plates. The invention effectively solves the problem of limited impedance bandwidth when the conventional Vivaldi antenna is arrayed at a large distance, and has lower cross polarization level and simple feed structure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to a Vivaldi antenna unit.
Background
When the gain requirement is determined, the size of the front is also basically determined. The number of channels is therefore reduced only by increasing the array element spacing.
The Vivaldi antenna is a main antenna type adopted by the ultra-wideband active phased array due to the characteristics of wide bandwidth, excellent radiation characteristic, easiness in processing and the like. However, after the antenna forms a large array, due to the combined action of floor reflection and a cavity, multi-mode resonance occurs, so that energy of certain frequency points cannot be radiated, standing waves are rapidly deteriorated, and resonance frequency points are reduced along with the increase of the spacing of array elements. The array element spacing is generally half wavelength corresponding to high frequency when the conventional ultra wide band wide angle array is arranged, and resonance frequency points can not appear in a working frequency band. Along with the increase of the effective distance between array elements, the resonance frequency point is shifted into the working frequency band, so that the high-frequency part cannot be used. In addition, the array element spacing is limited by the wide angle scan, which is still small for low frequencies. The smaller electrical size of the low band element results in poor antenna element efficiency and performance, and the smaller array element spacing also results in strong coupling of the array elements at low frequencies. Therefore, only the concept of tight coupling can be adopted at low frequency to ensure that the whole array achieves excellent broadband performance.
Disclosure of Invention
Accordingly, the present invention provides a Vivaldi antenna element. The antenna unit has simple feed structure and easy processing, and is suitable for being used as an array element of an ultra-wideband large-space array.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a Vivaldi antenna unit comprises a radiation plate and a forced boundary control cavity; the radiation plate is divided into two radiation patches through an exponential type groove line positioned in the middle of the radiation plate; the bottom of the radiation plate is positioned in the forced boundary control cavity; in the forced boundary control cavity, the bottoms of the two radiation patches are respectively connected with an inner conductor and an outer conductor of a coaxial feeder, and a metal conductor is connected between the inner conductor and the outer conductor of the coaxial feeder; the forced boundary control cavity is made of metal materials, the bottom of the forced boundary control cavity is an antenna metal bottom plate, and a gap is formed between the radiation patch and the antenna metal bottom plate.
Furthermore, the forced boundary control cavity is a rectangular cavity.
Further, the radiation plate and one of the wall surfaces of the enforced boundary control chamber are parallel.
Furthermore, the outer wall surface of the forced boundary control cavity is flush with the part of the radiation patch exposed out of the forced boundary control cavity.
Furthermore, the two radiation patches are connected and fixed through a structure fixing printed board.
The invention adopts the technical scheme to produce the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention adopts a forced boundary control cavity, changes the boundary condition of the conventional Vivaldi array element array, can meet different requirements of different frequency bands on coupling by optimizing the height of the control cavity, and moves a high-frequency resonance point out of a working frequency band and ensures low-frequency performance.
2. Compared with the conventional vivaldi antenna, the invention has simple structure and the performances of the feed transmission part and the radiation part are independent.
3. Furthermore, when the antenna unit is used as an array unit, the antenna unit has good ultra-wideband characteristic, standing-wave ratio is less than 1.5 in 3 frequency multiplication or even wider bandwidth, radiation performance is good, and gain is high.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of fig. 1.
FIG. 3 is a graph of standing waves in an array according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a 2GHz cell simulation pattern of an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a 4GHz cell simulation pattern of an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a simulation directional diagram of a 6GHz cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. the antenna comprises a radiation plate, 2 a forced boundary control cavity, 3 a structure fixing printed board, 4 a coaxial feeder, 5 a metal conductor, 6 and an antenna metal bottom plate.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
A Vivaldi antenna unit comprises a radiation plate and a forced boundary control cavity; the radiation plate is divided into two radiation patches through an exponential type groove line positioned in the middle of the radiation plate; the bottom of the radiation plate is positioned in the forced boundary control cavity; in the forced boundary control cavity, the bottoms of the two radiation patches are respectively connected with an inner conductor and an outer conductor of a coaxial feeder, and a metal conductor is connected between the inner conductor and the outer conductor of the coaxial feeder; the forced boundary control cavity is made of metal materials, the bottom of the forced boundary control cavity is an antenna metal bottom plate, and a gap is formed between the radiation patch and the metal bottom plate.
Furthermore, the forced boundary control cavity is a rectangular cavity.
Further, the radiation plate and one of the wall surfaces of the enforced boundary control chamber are parallel.
Furthermore, the outer wall surface of the forced boundary control cavity is flush with the part of the radiation patch exposed out of the forced boundary control cavity.
Furthermore, the two radiation patches are connected and fixed through a structure fixing printed board.
The following is a more specific example:
as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, according to the antenna working frequency band and the limitation of array scanning on the array element spacing, an appropriate array element size is selected, and is generally 0.7 λhigh～1.2λhighWherein λ ishighThe highest frequency point free space wavelength. The impedance matching is optimized by adjusting the height, curvature, thickness, opening size and other parameters of the radiation patch. The resonance frequency point can be changed by adjusting the distance between the metal bottom plate 6 of the antenna and the bottom of the radiation plate 1 and the height of the forced boundary condition control cavity, and the gain of the antenna unit can be increased by properly increasing the height of the forced boundary control cavity 2. The feeder adopts a 50 omega coaxial feeder 4, and the inner conductor and the outer conductor of the feeder are respectively connected to the two radiating patches. On the outer conductor of the coaxial feeder line anda section of metal conductor 5 is welded between the inner conductors, and the imaginary part of the impedance of the feeder is adjusted by adjusting the length of the metal conductor, so that the antenna can be better matched.
The whole antenna unit comprises a radiation patch, a forced boundary control cavity, a coaxial feeder, a metal conductor, a structure fixing printed board 3 and a metal bottom board. The working bandwidth of the antenna is 3 frequency multipliers, the size is 57mm multiplied by 216mm, and the array element spacing is 1.14 lambdahigh. The thickness of the radiation patch is 5.5mm, the curvature is 0.04, the distance from the metal bottom plate of the antenna is 16mm, and the height of the mandatory boundary condition control cavity is 96 mm.
Referring to fig. 3 to 6, the present embodiment has a good ultra-wideband characteristic, a standing-wave ratio is less than 1.5 in 3 frequency doubling bandwidths or even wider bandwidths, a good radiation performance, and a high gain.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
the modified Vivaldi antenna of this embodiment radiates electromagnetic waves through an exponential-shaped slot line. (when the conventional Vivaldi antenna is arrayed at a large distance, a resonance point is introduced due to high-frequency band coupling, and the low-frequency band needs strong coupling to achieve excellent performance.) therefore, the cavity is controlled by adopting a forced boundary condition, and the boundary condition of the array element is changed to improve the current distribution of the aperture surface of the radiating unit. According to the radiation characteristics of the slot line antenna, the equivalent phase center of high-frequency band radiation is at the lower half part of the slot line, the equivalent phase center of low-frequency band radiation is at the upper half part of the slot line, and the height of the forced boundary control cavity is optimized, so that the strong coupling of the low-frequency band of the radiation unit can be ensured, and the coupling effect of the high-frequency band can be effectively controlled. And then the high-frequency resonance point is shifted out of the working frequency band while the low-frequency performance is ensured. A section of metal is added between the coaxial inner and outer conductors of the feed part, a capacitance effect is introduced, and the matching is adjusted.
Claims (5)
1. A Vivaldi antenna element comprising a radiating plate, characterized by further comprising a mandatory border control cavity; the radiation plate (1) is divided into two radiation patches through an exponential type groove line positioned in the middle of the radiation plate; the bottom of the radiation plate is positioned in the forced boundary control cavity (2); in the forced boundary control cavity, the bottoms of the two radiation patches are respectively connected with an inner conductor and an outer conductor of a coaxial feeder (4), and a metal conductor (5) is connected between the inner conductor and the outer conductor of the coaxial feeder; the forced boundary control cavity is made of metal materials, the bottom of the forced boundary control cavity is an antenna metal bottom plate (6), and a gap is formed between the radiation patch and the antenna metal bottom plate.
2. A Vivaldi antenna element according to claim 1, characterized in that said forced boundary control cavity is a rectangular cavity.
3. A Vivaldi antenna element according to claim 2, characterized in that said radiating plate and one of the walls of the cavity of the confinement control are parallel.
4. A Vivaldi antenna element according to claim 3, characterized in that the outer wall of the cavity is flush with the part of the radiating plate exposed to the cavity.
5. A Vivaldi antenna element according to claim 1, characterized in that said two radiating patches are connected and fixed by means of a structurally fixed printed board.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011505692.7A CN112635997A (en) | 2020-12-18 | 2020-12-18 | Vivaldi antenna unit |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011505692.7A CN112635997A (en) | 2020-12-18 | 2020-12-18 | Vivaldi antenna unit |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112635997A true CN112635997A (en) | 2021-04-09 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011505692.7A Pending CN112635997A (en) | 2020-12-18 | 2020-12-18 | Vivaldi antenna unit |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN112635997A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115732926A (en) * | 2022-12-20 | 2023-03-03 | 中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所 | Improved broadband phased array antenna radiator |
-
2020
- 2020-12-18 CN CN202011505692.7A patent/CN112635997A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115732926A (en) * | 2022-12-20 | 2023-03-03 | 中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所 | Improved broadband phased array antenna radiator |
| CN115732926B (en) * | 2022-12-20 | 2023-08-18 | 中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所 | Improved broadband phased array antenna radiator |
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