CN112635978A - Horizontal polarization antenna and radar - Google Patents
Horizontal polarization antenna and radar Download PDFInfo
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- CN112635978A CN112635978A CN202011611452.5A CN202011611452A CN112635978A CN 112635978 A CN112635978 A CN 112635978A CN 202011611452 A CN202011611452 A CN 202011611452A CN 112635978 A CN112635978 A CN 112635978A
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- rectangular structure
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
- H01Q1/32—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
- H01Q1/3208—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the application wherein the antenna is used
- H01Q1/3233—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the application wherein the antenna is used particular used as part of a sensor or in a security system, e.g. for automotive radar, navigation systems
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a horizontal polarization antenna and a radar, wherein the horizontal polarization antenna comprises at least one single linear array, the single linear array comprises a feeder line and at least one array element, the array element comprises a trapezoidal structure, the trapezoidal structure comprises a first bottom edge and a second bottom edge which are parallel, the length of the first bottom edge is smaller than that of the second bottom edge, and the first bottom edge is connected with the feeder line. The invention also discloses a radar which comprises a PCB substrate and an antenna, wherein the antenna is arranged on the PCB substrate, and the antenna is the horizontal polarization antenna. The horizontal polarization antenna can realize wider antenna bandwidth and smaller gain change, thereby realizing the stable detection of the radar, having low requirement on processing and reducing the processing cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of millimeter wave radars, in particular to a horizontal polarization antenna and a radar.
Background
The Advanced Driving Assistance System (Advanced Driving Assistance System) utilizes various sensors (millimeter wave radar, laser radar, single/binocular camera and satellite navigation) installed on a vehicle to sense the surrounding environment at any time in the Driving process of the vehicle, collect data, identify, detect and track static and dynamic objects, and combine with map data of a navigator to perform systematic operation and analysis, thereby enabling drivers to perceive possible dangers in advance and effectively increasing the comfort and safety of vehicle Driving. In various sensors, the millimeter wave radar can distinguish and identify a small target and can simultaneously identify a plurality of targets, and the sensor has the advantages of strong penetrating power, small size, low price and the like, so the sensor has wide application in environmental perception in the field of intelligent driving.
In the radar sensor, the microstrip planar antenna is widely used due to the advantages of convenient integration and low cost. Although traditional microstrip antenna array structure can provide the high gain that satisfies the demand, low vice lobe, its antenna bandwidth is generally narrower, and based on current processing mode, the both ends of one side that feeder was kept away from to the antenna array element all have certain fillet, this fillet corresponds relative EA value, this EA value can produce certain influence to the resonant frequency of antenna, for guaranteeing certain bandwidth, current antenna is adding man-hour, the requirement is higher, the degree of difficulty is great, thereby lead to manufacturing cost higher, low in production efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a horizontal polarization antenna and a radar, wherein the antenna can realize wider antenna bandwidth and smaller gain change, thereby realizing stable detection of the radar, having lower processing requirement and reducing processing cost.
A horizontal polarization antenna comprises at least one single linear array, wherein the single linear array comprises a feeder line and at least one array element, the array element comprises a trapezoid structure, the trapezoid structure comprises a first bottom edge and a second bottom edge which are parallel, the length of the first bottom edge is smaller than that of the second bottom edge, and the first bottom edge is connected with the feeder line.
Preferably, the first bottom side of the trapezoid structure is connected to the feeder line through a first rectangular structure, the first rectangular structure includes a third bottom side and a fourth bottom side that are arranged in parallel, the third bottom side of the first rectangular structure is connected to the feeder line, the fourth bottom side of the first rectangular structure is connected to the first bottom side of the trapezoid structure, and the length of the fourth bottom side of the first rectangular structure is the same as the length of the first bottom side of the trapezoid structure.
Preferably, the distance between the first bottom edge and the second bottom edge of the trapezoid structure is a first distance, the distance between the third bottom edge and the fourth bottom edge of the first rectangular structure is a second distance, and the second distance is not greater than one fifth of the first distance.
Preferably, a second rectangular structure is arranged on a second bottom side of the trapezoid structure, the second rectangular structure includes a fifth bottom side and a sixth bottom side which are arranged in parallel, the fifth bottom side of the second rectangular structure is connected with the second bottom side of the trapezoid structure, and the length of the fifth bottom side of the second rectangular structure is the same as the length of the second bottom side of the trapezoid structure.
Preferably, the distance between the first base line and the second base line of the trapezoid structure is a first distance, the distance between the fifth base line and the sixth base line of the second rectangular structure is a third distance, and the third distance is not greater than one fifth of the first distance.
Preferably, the trapezoid structure is an isosceles trapezoid structure; and/or; the included angles between the two side waists of the trapezoid structure and the second bottom edge are smaller than 90 degrees.
Preferably, the included angle between the side waist and the second bottom edge in the trapezoid structure is [ 60 degrees ] and 85 degrees ].
Preferably, the number of the array elements is multiple, and the width of the array elements is the same or gradually decreases from the middle to both sides of the feeder line, and the width of the array elements is the distance between two side waists in the trapezoid structure in the parallel direction of the feeder line.
Preferably, the number of the array elements is multiple, the array elements are distributed on two sides of the feeder line, and the array elements on two sides of the feeder line are arranged in a crossing manner.
Preferably, at least one third rectangular structure is arranged on the feeder line, the third rectangular structures correspond to the array elements one to one, and the third rectangular structures and the array elements corresponding to the third rectangular structures are located on two sides of the feeder line.
Preferably, the first end of the third rectangular structure is aligned with the central axis of the array element, and the distance between the first end and the second end of the third rectangular structure is [ 1/5, 1/3 ] λ.
The invention also discloses a radar which comprises a PCB substrate and an antenna, wherein the antenna is arranged on the PCB substrate, and the antenna is the horizontal polarization antenna.
In the horizontal polarization antenna, the length of the array element is the height from the middle waist and the first bottom edge to the second bottom edge of the trapezoid structure, so that the length of the array element is within a certain length range, the bandwidth of the horizontal polarization antenna is wider, and the influence on the resonant frequency of the array element is smaller even if round corners are formed at two ends of the second bottom edge of the trapezoid structure during processing, therefore, the horizontal polarization antenna can realize wider bandwidth, can reduce processing requirements, further reduces processing cost, and can realize stable detection by a radar applying the horizontal polarization antenna.
In addition, the array element in the horizontal polarization antenna is convenient for rapidly and accurately determining the size parameters of the trapezoidal structure during processing by arranging the first rectangular structure and the second rectangular structure on two sides of the trapezoidal structure, thereby further facilitating processing, being beneficial to reducing the processing cost, ensuring that the antenna meets the preset requirement and further ensuring the detection performance of the radar.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is an embodiment of a horizontally polarized antenna of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is another embodiment of a horizontally polarized antenna of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an array element in another embodiment of the horizontally polarized antenna of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is another embodiment of a horizontally polarized antenna of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is another embodiment of a horizontally polarized antenna of the present invention;
fig. 6 is another embodiment of the horizontally polarized antenna of the present invention.
In the figure:
1-a feeder; 2-array elements; a trapezoid structure 21, a first base 211, a second base 212, a side waist 213; a first rectangular structure 22, a third bottom side 221, a fourth bottom side 222; a second rectangular structure 23, a fifth base 231, a sixth base 232; a third rectangular structure 3, a first end 31, a second end 32.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to specific embodiments, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present specification. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It is to be noted that the features in the following embodiments and examples may be combined with each other without conflict.
Detailed description of the preferred embodiment
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment discloses a horizontal polarization antenna, which includes a single linear array, the single linear array includes a feeder 1 and a plurality of array elements 2, the plurality of array elements 2 are distributed on two sides of the feeder 1, and the array elements on two sides of the feeder are arranged in a crossing manner. The array element 2 comprises a trapezoid structure 21, the trapezoid structure 21 comprises a first bottom edge 211 and a second bottom edge 212 which are parallel to each other, the length of the first bottom edge 211 is smaller than that of the second bottom edge 212, the first bottom edge 211 is directly connected to the feeder line 1, the trapezoid structure 21 in the embodiment is an isosceles trapezoid node, an included angle between a side waist of the trapezoid structure 21 and the second bottom edge 212 is smaller than 90 degrees, and the included angle between the side waist of the trapezoid structure and the second bottom edge is within a range of [ 60 degrees ] and 85 degrees ].
In addition, in this embodiment, the width of the array element 2 is the same from the middle to both sides of the feeder line 1, and the width of the array element 2 is the distance between two side waists in the trapezoidal structure in the parallel direction of the feeder line, or in other words, the width of the array element is kept unchanged from the middle to both sides along the axial direction of the feeder line.
In the present embodiment, the perpendicular line in the trapezoid structure (i.e. the perpendicular line between the first base and the second base in the trapezoid structure) is perpendicular to the feed line.
In the horizontally polarized antenna disclosed in this embodiment, the height from the side waist 213 to the second bottom side 212 in the trapezoid structure is in the range of [ 0, H ], and the height from the first bottom side 211 to the second bottom side 212 is H, so that the length of the array element is in the range of [ 0, H ], and since the bandwidth of the horizontally polarized antenna is related to the length of the array element, the length of the array element in this embodiment is in a wider range, which makes the bandwidth of the horizontally polarized antenna wider. In addition, under current array element processing mode, can form the fillet at array element's closed angle department, traditional array element's resonant frequency receives the influence of this processing fillet, and even array element in this embodiment forms the fillet at the closed angle (be the both ends of the second base of trapezium structure), this array element's resonant frequency receives to influence also less, still can keep the bandwidth of broad.
Therefore, the horizontal polarization antenna can realize wider bandwidth, the radar applying the horizontal polarization antenna can realize stable detection, and the antenna can reduce the requirement on processing and further reduce the processing cost.
Of course, in other embodiments, the trapezoid structure in the array element of the horizontally polarized antenna is not necessarily an isosceles trapezoid, but may also be a right trapezoid or other structures; the arrangement mode of the array elements can be adjusted according to actual needs; the vertical lines of the first bottom edge and the second bottom plate in the trapezoid structure are not necessarily absolutely perpendicular to the feeder line, and may have a slight deviation, for example, a deviation within ± 5 °; in addition, other structural parameters of the horizontally polarized antenna can also be adjusted according to the actual situation, and are not described in detail herein.
Detailed description of the invention
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the horizontally polarized antenna in this embodiment is further improved, and compared with the first embodiment, the first rectangular structure 22 and the second rectangular structure 23 are added to the array element in the antenna in this embodiment. Specifically, the trapezoid structure 21 is connected to the feed line 1 through the first rectangular structure 22, the first rectangular structure 22 includes a third bottom side 221 and a fourth bottom side 222 which are arranged in parallel, the third bottom side 221 of the first rectangular structure 22 is connected to the feed line 1, the fourth bottom side 222 of the first rectangular structure 22 is connected to the first bottom side 211 of the trapezoid structure 21, and the length of the fourth bottom side 222 of the first rectangular structure 22 is the same as the length of the first bottom side 211 of the trapezoid structure 21, that is, the distance between two parallel sides of the first rectangular structure 22 is the same as the length of the first bottom side of the trapezoid structure.
Specifically, the distance between the first bottom line 211 and the second bottom line 212 of the trapezoid structure is a first distance, the distance between the third bottom line 221 and the fourth bottom line 222 of the first rectangular structure is a second distance, and the second distance is not greater than one fifth of the first distance.
When processing, the distance between the two side edges of the first rectangular structure 22 can be measured, so as to determine the length of the length 211 of the first bottom edge of the trapezoidal structure 21.
Specifically, in this embodiment, a second rectangular structure 23 is disposed on a second bottom side of the trapezoid structure 21 in the array element, the second rectangular structure 23 includes a fifth bottom side 231 and a sixth bottom side 232 that are disposed in parallel, the fifth bottom side 231 of the second rectangular structure 23 is connected to the second bottom side 212 of the trapezoid structure 21, and a length of the fifth bottom side 231 of the second rectangular structure 23 is the same as a length of the second bottom side 212 of the trapezoid structure 21.
Specifically, the distance between the first bottom side 211 and the second bottom side 212 of the trapezoid structure 21 is a first distance, the distance between the fifth bottom side 231 and the sixth bottom side 232 of the second rectangular structure 23 is a third distance, and the third distance is not greater than one fifth of the first distance.
When the processing is performed, the distance between the two side edges of the second rectangular structure 23 can be measured, so as to determine the length of the length 212 of the second bottom edge of the trapezoidal structure 21, and compared with the first specific embodiment, the length of the second bottom edge 212 of the trapezoidal structure 21 in the present embodiment is more easily and accurately measured, so as to ensure the structural design requirement of the array element, and the processing cost is lower.
It should be noted that the lines indicated by the reference numbers 222 and 231 in fig. 3 are only used as illustrations, so as to make the skilled person more visually understand the structural composition of the array elements, and in practical cases, the lines may not exist.
This embodiment has further reduced the processing cost of array element for horizontal antenna's structure can better must satisfy predetermined requirement, further guarantees horizontal antenna's good performance, thereby makes the radar that utilizes this antenna can realize stable the detection.
In other specific embodiments, only the first rectangular structure or the second rectangular structure may be set as needed, and specific parameters of the first rectangular structure and the second rectangular structure, etc. may be adjusted according to the actual situation.
Detailed description of the preferred embodiment
As shown in fig. 4, the horizontally polarized antenna disclosed in this embodiment is further improved on the basis of the second embodiment, specifically, in this embodiment, the number of the array elements 2 in the antenna is multiple, and the multiple array elements 2 are distributed on two sides of the feeder line 1, and from the middle to two sides of the feeder line 1, the width of the array elements 2 is gradually reduced, the width of the array elements 2 is in the parallel direction of the feeder line, and the distance between two side waists in the trapezoidal structure is also, that is, along the axial direction of the feeder line, from the middle to two sides, the array elements are gradually narrowed.
The horizontal polarization antenna in the embodiment not only realizes wider bandwidth and low processing cost, but also can adjust the current amplitude fed into the array element due to the change of the array element in the width direction, thereby realizing the effective suppression of side lobes.
In other embodiments, the width of the array elements may be adaptively adjusted as desired.
Detailed description of the invention
As shown in fig. 5, in the present embodiment, another structure of a horizontally polarized antenna is disclosed, and compared with the first embodiment, a plurality of third rectangular structures 3 are arranged on a feeder line in the horizontally polarized antenna in the present embodiment, the third rectangular structures 3 correspond to the array elements 2 one to one, and the third rectangular structures 3 and the array elements 1 corresponding to the third rectangular structures are located at two sides of the feeder line 1. In addition, the first end 31 of the third rectangular structure 3 is aligned with the central axis of the array element 2, and the distance between the first end 31 and the second end 32 of the third rectangular structure 3 is 1/4 λ, where λ is the wavelength determined by the operating frequency of the horizontally polarized antenna. In addition, the central axis of the array element 2 is a symmetry axis perpendicular to the feeder line in the array element.
The horizontally polarized antenna in this embodiment can not only realize a wider bandwidth and a low processing cost, but also adjust the current amplitude of the fed array element by the third rectangular structure, thereby realizing effective suppression of side lobes.
In other specific embodiments, the first ends of the rectangular structures and the central axis of the array element do not need to be absolutely aligned, and may have a certain distance, and the distance between the first end and the second end of the third rectangular structure may be specifically selected and adjusted within a range [ 1/5, 1/3 ], which is not described herein again.
Detailed description of the preferred embodiment
As shown in fig. 6, this embodiment discloses another structure of a horizontally polarized antenna, and compared with the third embodiment, the horizontally polarized antenna in this embodiment includes two single linear arrays, and the array elements 2 in the middle of the two feeder lines 1 are arranged in a crossing manner.
Detailed description of the preferred embodiment
The specific embodiment discloses a radar, which comprises a PCB substrate and an antenna, wherein the antenna is arranged on the PCB substrate, and the antenna is any one of horizontally polarized antennas in the first embodiment to the fifth embodiment.
It should be understood that the structures, ratios, sizes, and the like shown in the drawings and described in the specification are only used for matching with the disclosure of the specification, so as to be understood and read by those skilled in the art, and are not used to limit the conditions under which the present invention can be implemented, so that the present invention has no technical significance, and any structural modification, ratio relationship change, or size adjustment should still fall within the scope of the present invention without affecting the efficacy and the achievable purpose of the present invention. In addition, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "one" used in the present specification are for clarity of description, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and the relative relationship between the terms and the terms is not to be construed as a scope of the present invention.
Moreover, although illustrative embodiments have been described herein, there are equivalent elements, modifications, omissions, combinations (e.g., across aspects of the various embodiments), adaptations and/or ranges of any and all embodiments that may be altered, as will be appreciated by those in the art. Based on the technology of the present disclosure. The limitations in the claims are to be interpreted broadly based on the language employed in the claims and not limited to examples described in the specification or during the prosecution of the application. These examples should be construed as non-exclusive. Further, the steps of the disclosed methods may be modified in any manner, including by reordering steps and/or inserting or deleting steps. It is intended, therefore, that the specification and examples be considered as illustrative only, with a true scope and spirit being indicated by the following claims and their full scope of equivalents.
Claims (11)
1. A horizontally polarized antenna, characterized by:
the array element comprises a trapezoidal structure, the trapezoidal structure comprises a first bottom edge and a second bottom edge which are parallel, the length of the first bottom edge is smaller than that of the second bottom edge, and the first bottom edge is connected with the feeder line.
2. The horizontally polarized antenna of claim 1, wherein:
the first bottom edge of the trapezoid structure is connected to the feeder line through a first rectangular structure, the first rectangular structure comprises a third bottom edge and a fourth bottom edge which are arranged in parallel, the third bottom edge of the first rectangular structure is connected with the feeder line, the fourth bottom edge of the first rectangular structure is connected with the first bottom edge of the trapezoid structure, and the length of the fourth bottom edge of the first rectangular structure is the same as that of the first bottom edge of the trapezoid structure.
3. The horizontally polarized antenna of claim 2, wherein:
the interval between the first base and the second base of trapezium structure is first interval, the interval between the third base and the fourth base of first rectangle structure is the second interval, the second interval is not more than one fifth of first interval.
4. A horizontally polarized antenna according to any of claims 1 to 3, wherein:
the second bottom edge of the trapezoid structure is provided with a second rectangular structure, the second rectangular structure comprises a fifth bottom edge and a sixth bottom edge which are arranged in parallel, the fifth bottom edge of the second rectangular structure is connected with the second bottom edge of the trapezoid structure, and the length of the fifth bottom edge of the second rectangular structure is the same as that of the second bottom edge of the trapezoid structure.
5. The horizontally polarized antenna of claim 4, wherein:
the interval between the first base and the second base of trapezium structure is first interval, the interval between the fifth base and the sixth base of second rectangle structure is the third interval, the third interval is not more than one fifth of first interval.
6. The horizontally polarized antenna of claim 1, wherein:
the trapezoid structure is an isosceles trapezoid structure;
and/or;
the included angles between the two side waists of the trapezoid structure and the second bottom edge are smaller than 90 degrees.
7. The horizontally polarized antenna of claim 1, wherein:
the included angle range of the side waist and the second bottom edge in the trapezoid structure is (60 degrees and 85 degrees).
8. The horizontally polarized antenna of claim 1, wherein:
the number of the array elements is multiple, the width of the array elements is the same or gradually reduced from the middle part to the two sides of the feeder line,
the width of the array element is the distance between two side waists in the trapezoidal structure in the parallel direction of the feeder line;
and/or;
the array elements are distributed on two sides of the feeder line, and the array elements on the two sides of the feeder line are arranged in a crossed mode.
9. The horizontally polarized antenna of claim 1, wherein:
at least one third rectangular structure is arranged on the feeder line, the third rectangular structures correspond to the array elements one to one, and
the third rectangular structure and the array element corresponding to the third rectangular structure are positioned on two sides of the feeder line.
10. The horizontally polarized antenna of claim 9, wherein:
the first end of the third rectangular structure is aligned with the central axis of the array element, and the distance between the first end and the second end of the third rectangular structure is [ 1/5, 1/3 ] lambda.
11. The utility model provides a radar, includes PCB base plate and antenna, the antenna set up in on the PCB base plate, its characterized in that:
the antenna is the horizontally polarized antenna as claimed in any one of claims 1-10.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011611452.5A CN112635978A (en) | 2020-12-30 | 2020-12-30 | Horizontal polarization antenna and radar |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011611452.5A CN112635978A (en) | 2020-12-30 | 2020-12-30 | Horizontal polarization antenna and radar |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112635978A true CN112635978A (en) | 2021-04-09 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011611452.5A Pending CN112635978A (en) | 2020-12-30 | 2020-12-30 | Horizontal polarization antenna and radar |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN112635978A (en) |
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2020
- 2020-12-30 CN CN202011611452.5A patent/CN112635978A/en active Pending
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