CN112629916B - Ultra-soft soil sampling device and sampling method - Google Patents
Ultra-soft soil sampling device and sampling method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112629916B CN112629916B CN202011504749.1A CN202011504749A CN112629916B CN 112629916 B CN112629916 B CN 112629916B CN 202011504749 A CN202011504749 A CN 202011504749A CN 112629916 B CN112629916 B CN 112629916B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/04—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting
- G01N1/08—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting involving an extracting tool, e.g. core bit
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/10—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state
- G01N1/12—Dippers; Dredgers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention discloses an ultra-soft soil sampling device, which comprises a sampling cavity, wherein the sampling cavity comprises a sample inlet and a sample outlet which are arranged at two ends, the sampling cavity can move vertically, the sampling cavity can move transversely or rotationally to convey ultra-soft soil samples from the sample inlet to the sampling cavity, and the sample inlet and the sample outlet are provided with mud guards for blocking the ultra-soft soil samples from flowing out. According to the ultra-soft soil sampling device, the ultra-soft soil of the sampling point is firstly vertically pressed in, then is taken into the sampling cavity through horizontal movement or rotary movement, and the ultra-soft soil is limited to flow out through the mud guard, so that the disturbance of sampling is reduced, and the structural property of ultra-soft soil is kept as much as possible. The invention also discloses a sampling method of the ultra-soft soil sampling device.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an ultra-soft soil sampling device and a sampling method.
Background
In recent years, engineering construction in coastal areas of coasts of China is increasingly accelerated, but geological conditions in the areas are generally poor, deep and weak soil layers are often covered, particularly, dredger fill areas formed by coastal reclamation are often subjected to ultra-soft soil engineering problems in related engineering. Compared with soft soil, ultra-soft soil is a soil body with weaker property and lower strength, and generally has the properties of extremely high water content, extremely low strength, large pore ratio, lack of consolidation and the like, and the natural property makes the experience of treating the soft soil problem not fully continuous when treating engineering problems caused by ultra-soft soil, such as: and reinforcing the dredger fill area, excavating a building foundation pit by a weak soil layer, and the like. Therefore, related researches are required to develop aiming at the special engineering properties of ultra-soft soil so as to guide engineering practice.
Among the research means, experimental research is a relatively intuitive and scientific way, wherein how to obtain representative test soil samples for testing is important, and the reliability of research results is directly affected. In theory, the test on the ultra-soft soil body is most reliable directly on the engineering site, but the ultra-soft soil engineering property is extremely poor, long-time on-site test can hardly be realized, and even if the test can be realized, the generated engineering cost is high. Therefore, it is necessary to extract a sample of the ultra-soft soil and then perform a test thereon to analyze the ultra-soft soil properties. In addition, despite the weak natural structure of ultra-soft soil, it still has certain texture and cementing characteristics, which are difficult to maintain during sampling, so that common geotechnical sampling methods are not suitable for ultra-soft soil. Therefore, how to maintain the fragile structure of the ultra-soft soil and obtain the ultra-soft soil sample with good quality on the ultra-soft soil engineering site in coastal areas of coasts becomes an important technical problem.
In the prior art, in most ultra-soft soil sampler represented by closed soil sampler of patent number 201410598866.7, a sampling pipe is generally pressed into the ground longitudinally, a mud guard arranged at the lower end of the sampling pipe is propped open by ultra-soft soil to enter the soil sampler, the mud guard is possibly in an inclined state in a static pressing-in or slow pressing-in state, the ultra-soft soil needs to continuously prop open the mud guard to enter the soil sampler, a certain disturbance is generated, the soil sampler is lifted up when being taken out, the ultra-soft soil has a tendency of keeping inertia relative to the soil sampler, and the ultra-soft soil gives a downward pressure to the mud guard to enable the mud guard to be closed. At this time, there are two problems, firstly, if when the fender is in the vertical state or is close to the vertical state, the pressure applied to the fender by the ultra-soft soil is limited, a large amount of ultra-soft soil is likely to flow out and then is closed, and the amount of the ultra-soft soil flowing out by the soil sampler cannot be controlled and estimated, so that the depth of a soil sample in the soil sampler cannot be accurately determined, secondly, in the process that the ultra-soft soil enters the soil sampler, the unavoidable part of the ultra-soft soil is adhered to the bottom surface of the fender below or a sample inlet, and the fender is completely closed by the natural pressure of the ultra-soft soil under the pressing, the closure of the fender can be influenced by the ultra-soft soil existing on the bottom surface, so that the ultra-soft soil continuously flows out, secondary continuous disturbance is caused to the soil sample, and the sampling depth is misaligned.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a sampling device and a sampling method for maintaining the structural property of ultra-soft soil and reducing sampling disturbance.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides an ultra-soft soil sampling device, which comprises a sampling cavity, wherein the sampling cavity comprises a sample inlet and a sample outlet which are arranged at two ends, the sampling cavity can move vertically, the sampling cavity can move transversely or rotationally to convey ultra-soft soil samples from the sample inlet to the sampling cavity, and the sampling cavity is provided with a mud guard for blocking the ultra-soft soil samples from flowing out.
Above-mentioned ultra-soft soil sampling device can include fan-shaped grab bucket, and grab bucket has fan-shaped sample chamber, grab bucket's last spandrel girder is articulated with vertical elevating gear, grab bucket's bucket portion one side is equipped with the sample inlet, grab bucket's bucket portion opposite side is equipped with out the appearance mouth, it is articulated with side elevating gear to go out appearance mouth lateral wall.
Further, the ultra-soft soil sampling device can comprise two grab mud hoppers which are in mirror symmetry with the vertical lifting device as an axis, and sample inlets of the grab mud hoppers are oppositely arranged and in interference fit.
The invention also discloses a sampling method of the ultra-soft soil sampling device, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Selecting a sampling working area, and leveling the land by taking an ultra-soft soil sampling point as a center;
(2) Vertically arranging the ultra-soft soil sampling device above the sampling point, starting the vertical lifting device, slowly pressing the ultra-soft soil sampling device into the ground until the predetermined sampling depth is reached, and stopping the vertical lifting device;
(3) Starting the side lifting device, enabling the grab bucket to rotate towards the vertical lifting device, and stopping the side lifting device until two grab bucket sample inlets are in interference fit;
(4) Starting the vertical lifting device again, lifting the grab bucket upwards at a uniform speed until the grab bucket is separated from the ground, and sealing the bottom of the grab bucket;
(5) And stably transferring the grab bucket to a manual loading and unloading area, and recovering the grab bucket, wherein the soil sample in the grab bucket is the target taken soil sample.
The sampling cavity of the ultra-soft soil sampling device can also be a columnar cavity, the sample inlet and the sample outlet comprise an inner wall, a groove is formed in the inner wall, a convex strip matched with the groove is arranged on the outer edge of the mud guard, and the sampling cavity can be closed or opened by inserting or taking out the mud guard into the groove.
Further, the sampling cavity is provided with a plurality of partition boards along the vertical direction, the partition boards are detachably fixed with sampling boxes, the sampling boxes are provided with left openings communicated with the sample inlets and right openings communicated with the sample outlets, the mud guard is composed of a plurality of sealing plates for sealing the left openings and the right openings, the sealing plates are provided with clamping grooves, the left openings and the right openings of the sampling boxes are provided with clamping strips matched with the clamping grooves, and when the mud guard is inserted into the grooves, the clamping strips are clamped into the clamping grooves simultaneously.
Further, the outer wall of the sampling cavity is provided with length scales.
Further, the lower panel of the sampling cavity is connected with the conical head.
Further, the ultra-soft soil sampling device further comprises a base, a level gauge is arranged on the base, at least two guide parts which are used for the ultra-soft soil sampling device to penetrate through are arranged on the base at a certain distance, connecting lines of the guide parts are perpendicular to the ground, and the two guide parts are movably connected to a track of the horizontal installation base.
The invention also comprises a sampling method of the ultra-soft soil sampling device, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Selecting a sampling working area, leveling the land by taking an ultra-soft soil sampling point as a center, and removing a hard soil layer within a certain distance from the center of the sampling point;
(2) The method comprises the steps of horizontally placing a base on the ground above a sampling point, vertically placing an ultra-soft soil sampling device on the base at a certain distance from the sampling point, slowly pressing the ultra-soft soil sampling device into the ground through a static pressing-in or external lifting device, and reading the depth of the earth through the length scale on the ultra-soft soil sampling device until the depth reaches a preset sampling depth;
(3) Fixing the ultra-soft soil sampling device by using the guide part, adjusting the sample inlet to be consistent with the track direction, and translating towards the sampling point until the ultra-soft soil sampling device translates to a preset sampling point;
(4) Inserting the mud guard into the groove, and inserting the clamping strip into the clamping groove until the mud guard completely seals the sample inlet and the sample outlet;
(5) Lifting the ultra-soft soil sampling device upwards until the ultra-soft soil sampling device completely leaves the ground;
(6) And disassembling the front plate and the rear plate of the ultra-soft soil sampling device, disassembling the sampling box, marking, sealing the sampling box, and taking the soil samples in the sampling box as target soil samples with different depths.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the ultra-soft soil sampling device disclosed by the invention can vertically enter a preset depth and then translate at the preset depth, and as the process of vertically entering soil does not influence the ultra-soft soil structure, the disturbance of sampling on the ultra-soft soil structure is reduced through the translation sampling of the same depth, and meanwhile, the translation sampling of the same depth and the replacement of soil samples in a sampling cavity can avoid the phenomenon that soil samples of different depths remain in the sampling cavity and possibly cause the interference on experimental results.
The sample inlet of the ultra-soft soil sampling device is transversely arranged, which is different from the longitudinal arrangement of the traditional soil sampler, and the sampling cavity is integrally sealed in a mode of inserting a mud guard after sampling is finished, so that the soil sample in the sampling cavity is not obviously disturbed or lost in the slow rising stage of the ultra-soft soil sampling device.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an interference fit of a first inlet and a second inlet of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of embodiment 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between the sample box and the sample chamber in example 2;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the sampling cartridge to the sealing plate;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a base and ultra-soft soil sampling apparatus;
fig. 7 is a partial enlarged view of fig. 5.
Reference numerals illustrate: 1. grab the mud bucket; 2. an upper bolster; 3. a vertical lifting device; 4. a sampling cavity; 5. a front plate; 6. a rear plate; 7. a top plate; 8. a bottom plate; 9. a sample inlet; 901. a first inlet; 902. a second inlet; 10. a sample outlet; 11. a mud guard; 111. sealing plate; 112. a clamping groove; 12. an inner wall; 13. a groove; 14. a convex strip; 15. a partition plate; 16. a sampling box; 161. a left opening; 162. a right opening; 163. clamping strips; 17. an outer wall; 18. a scale; 19. a conical head; 20. a base; 201. a level gauge; 202. a track; 203. a guide part; 21. a motor; 22. side elevating gear.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples. Wherein like parts are designated by like reference numerals. It should be noted that the words "front", "back", "left", "right", "upper" and "lower" used in the following description refer to directions in the drawings, and the words "bottom" and "top", "inner" and "outer" refer to directions toward or away from, respectively, the geometric center of a particular component.
The invention aims to solve the problems of damage and disturbance to an ultra-soft soil structure when a traditional soil sampler is used for sampling, and referring to fig. 1 and 2, an embodiment 1 of the invention provides an ultra-soft soil sampling device which is different from the traditional soil sampler, the ultra-soft soil sampling device comprises a fan-shaped grab bucket 1, an upper bolster 2 of the grab bucket 1 is hinged with a vertical lifting device 3, the fan-shaped grab bucket 1 comprises a fan-shaped sampling cavity 4, the sampling cavity 4 also comprises a front plate 5, a rear plate 6, a top plate 7 and an annular bottom plate 8, a sample inlet 9 of the sampling cavity 4 is arranged at one side of a bucket part of the grab bucket 1, a sample outlet 10 of the sampling cavity 4 is arranged at the other side of the bucket part of the grab bucket 1, and the side wall of the sample outlet 10 is hinged with a side lifting device 22. The vertical lifting device 3 can drive the sampling cavity 4 to vertically move, the side lifting device 22 can drive the grab bucket 1 to rotate through the extension or shortening telescopic rod, when the vertical lifting device is used, the grab bucket 1 is firstly inserted into a sampling point by the vertical lifting device 3, then the side lifting device 22 drives the grab bucket 1 to vertically move along the vertical lifting device 3, ultra soft soil enters from the sample inlet 9 and fills the sampling cavity 4, when the sample inlet 9 and the sample outlet 10 of the grab bucket 1 face upwards, the annular bottom plate 8 and the top plate 7 form a mud baffle 11 of a soil sample, at the moment, the grab bucket 1 is lifted by the vertical lifting device 3, and because the soil sample is filled in the sampling cavity 4, in the lifting process of the sampling cavity 4, the sample inlet 9 and the sample outlet 10 form pressure balance with external ultra soft soil, the external ultra soft soil cannot enter the sampling cavity 4 through the sample inlet 9 and the sample outlet 10, and the ultra soft soil on the upper layer is isolated outside by the top plate 7 and the upper bearing beam 2, so that the ultra soft soil in the sampling cavity 4 is disturbed, the ultra soft soil in the upper layer is kept relatively, the ultra soft soil can rapidly leave the soil cavity 1, and the soil can rapidly and completely control the soil in the soil cavity when the grab bucket is disturbed, and the soil is completely sealed, and the soil can be completely and completely removed from the soil cavity 1. In this embodiment, the above-mentioned ultra-soft soil sampling device is generally used for shallow ultra-soft soil sampling.
In the above embodiment, referring to fig. 1 and 2, the ultra-soft soil sampling device may include two grab buckets 1 mirror-symmetrical about the vertical lifting device 3, the sample inlet 9 of any one grab bucket 1 is a first inlet 901, then the sample inlet 9 of the other grab bucket 1 is a second inlet 902, the first inlet 901 and the second inlet 902 are opposite and are in interference fit, i.e. the size of the outer wall 17 of the first inlet 901 is equal to the inner size of the second inlet 902, when the first inlet 901 is inserted into the second inlet 902 and is in interference fit, the soil sample is prevented from flowing out of the first inlet 901 or the second inlet 902, in this embodiment, the soil amount of one sampling can be increased due to the cooperation of the first inlet 901 and the second inlet 902, and the increase of the number of grab buckets 1.
Referring to fig. 3, 5 and 7, embodiment 2 of the present invention includes a columnar sampling cavity 4, the periphery of the sampling cavity 4 includes a front plate 5, a rear plate 6, a bottom plate 8, a top plate 7, a sample inlet 9 at one end of the sampling cavity 4, and a sample outlet 10 at the other end, the sample inlet 9 and the sample outlet 10 include an inner wall 12, a groove 13 is provided on the inner wall 12, matched mud flaps 11 are provided on the sample inlet 9 and the sample outlet 10, a convex strip 14 matched with the groove 13 is provided on the outer edge of the mud flaps 11, and the sampling cavity 4 can be closed or opened by inserting or taking out the mud flaps 11 into the groove 13. During sampling, the ultra-soft soil sampling device is slowly pressed into ultra-soft soil by the static pressing-in or external lifting device, after the ultra-soft soil sampling device reaches a preset depth, the ultra-soft soil sampling device is translated to a sampling point by an external moving device, in the translation process, ultra-soft soil enters the sampling cavity 4 through the sample inlet 9, soil samples in the sampling cavity 4 are replaced by sampling point soil samples with the same depth by translation, then the mud guard 11 is inserted into the groove 13 until the mud guard 11 completely seals the sample inlet 9 and the sample outlet 10, at the moment, the soil samples in the sampling cavity 4 are completely isolated from the outside, and the ultra-soft soil sampling device is lifted by the external lifting device to obtain target soil samples. In this embodiment, through the translation of horizontal direction, obtain the target soil sample through sample inlet 9 and seal with the soil layer, therefore no matter be slow to go into soil or when mentioning, can not cause the disturbance to ultra-soft soil sample, and translation sample is also less to the disturbance of sampling chamber 4 soil sample, can accurately confirm the position and the degree of depth of sampling point when not causing destruction to ultra-soft soil sample structurality.
Referring to fig. 4, 5 and 7, in the above embodiment 2, the sampling chamber 4 may be provided with a plurality of partition plates 15 along the vertical direction, the partition plates 15 may be detachably fixed with the sampling box 16, for example, the partition plates 15 may be fastened by a slot and a bump, the sampling box 16 may have a left opening 161 communicating with the sample inlet 9 and a right opening 162 communicating with the sample outlet 10, the mud guard 11 may be composed of a plurality of sealing plates 111 for sealing the left opening 161 and the right opening 162, the sealing plates 111 may be separated from each other, or may be combined together in a manner easy to be separated, for example, the sealing plates 111 may be connected by contacts. The size of the sealing plate 111 is matched with that of the left opening 161 and the right opening 162, the sealing plate 111 is provided with a clamping groove 112, the side walls of the left opening 161 and the right opening 162 of the sampling box 16 are provided with clamping strips 163 matched with the clamping groove 112, when the mud guard 11 is inserted into the groove 13, the clamping strips 163 are simultaneously clamped into the clamping groove 112, and in the embodiment, the front plate 5 and the rear plate 6 around the sampling cavity 4 can be detachably fixed on the bottom plate 8 and the top plate 7, such as a bolt connection. According to the embodiment, the problem of disturbance of the soil sample to the ultra-soft soil structure is mainly solved after the soil sample is obtained, the partition plate 15 is arranged in the sampling cavity 4, the sampling box 16 with the left opening 161 and the right opening 162 is detachably fixed on the partition plate 15, the sample can be stored in the sampling box 16 through the left opening 161 during sampling, then the sealing plate 111 which is easy to separate is clamped with the clamping strip 163 through the clamping groove 112, the left opening 161 and the right opening 162 of the sampling box 16 are closed, after the soil sample is obtained, the front plate 5 and the rear plate 6 of the sampling cavity 4 are detached firstly, the sampling box 16 and the sealing plate 111 are detached from the partition plate 15, marks are made and sealed, and the sealing mode comprises sealing by using a preservative film, so that disturbance and damage of the soil sample to the ultra-soft soil structure can be solved.
Referring to fig. 6, in the above embodiment 2, the outer wall 17 of the sampling cavity 4 is provided with a length scale 18 for measuring the depth of the sampling cavity 4.
In the above embodiment 2, referring to fig. 3 and 4, the lower panel of the sampling cavity 4 is connected with the conical head 19, and the connection manner may include screw thread screwing and clamping, or the conical head 19 may be directly fixed on the lower panel of the sampling cavity 4, where the conical head 19 is beneficial to enter into the ultra-soft soil layer under static pressure or a certain external pressure.
In the embodiment 2, referring to fig. 6, the device further includes a base 20, the base 20 is provided with a level meter 201, the base 20 is provided with at least two guiding portions 203 with a certain distance for passing through an ultra-soft soil sampling device, the guiding portions 203 may be a fixed plate or a fixed ring movably connected to the base 20 for passing through the ultra-soft soil sampling device, the base 20 is provided with a track 202 for translating the guiding portions 203, a connection line of the guiding portions 203 is perpendicular to the ground, the guiding portions 203 may be connected with a motor 21, the motor 21 drives the guiding portions 203 to translate in the same speed and the same direction in a horizontal direction on the track 202, in the field, in order to facilitate sampling, the guiding portions 203 may also simply use a crane or other engineering machinery as power to perform slow translation, and the ultra-soft soil sampling device may also use a crane, a digger or other engineering machinery to provide a certain pressure or power to slowly press and lift the ultra-soft soil sampling device into the ultra-soft soil.
The invention also discloses a sampling method of the sampling device of the embodiment 1, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Selecting a sampling working area, and leveling the land by taking an ultra-soft soil sampling point as a center;
(2) Vertically arranging the ultra-soft soil sampling device above the sampling point, starting the vertical lifting device 3, slowly pressing the ultra-soft soil sampling device into the ground until the predetermined sampling depth is reached, and stopping the vertical lifting device 3;
(3) Starting the side lifting device 22, enabling the grab bucket 1 to rotate towards the vertical lifting device 3, and stopping the side lifting device 22 until the sample inlets 9 of the two grab buckets 1 are in interference fit;
(4) Starting the vertical lifting device 3 again, slowly lifting the grab bucket 1 upwards at a constant speed until the grab bucket 1 is separated from the ground, and sealing the bottom of the grab bucket;
(5) And stably transferring the grab bucket 1 to a manual loading and unloading area, and recovering the grab bucket 1, wherein the soil sample in the grab bucket 1 is the target soil sample.
The invention also discloses a sampling method of the sampling device of the embodiment 2, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Selecting a sampling working area, leveling the land by taking an ultra-soft soil sampling point as a center, and removing a hard soil layer within a certain distance of the sampling point, wherein the distance is generally 3-5 meters;
(2) The base 20 is horizontally placed on the hard ground near the sampling point by using the level gauge 201, the ultra-soft soil sampling device is vertically placed on the base 20 at a certain distance from the sampling point, the distance is generally 1 to 3 meters, the ultra-soft soil sampling device is slowly pressed into a soft soil layer after the hard soil layer is removed by adopting static pressing or an external lifting device, and the depth of entering soil can be read through the length scale 18 on the ultra-soft soil sampling device until reaching a preset sampling depth;
(3) Fixing the ultra-soft soil sampling device by using a guide part 203, adjusting the direction of the sample inlet 9 to be consistent with that of the track 202, and translating the ultra-soft soil sampling device to a sampling point until the ultra-soft soil sampling device is translated to a preset sampling point;
(4) Inserting the mud guard 11 into the groove 13, and inserting the clamping strip 163 into the clamping groove 112 until the mud guard 11 completely seals the sample inlet 9 and the sample outlet 10;
(5) Lifting the ultra-soft soil sampling device upwards until the ultra-soft soil sampling device completely leaves the ground;
(6) The front plate 5 and the rear plate 6 of the ultra-soft soil sampling device are disassembled, the sampling box 16 is disassembled, marks are made, the sampling box 16 is sealed, and soil samples in the sampling box 16 are target soil samples with different depths.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above examples, and all technical solutions belonging to the concept of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that modifications and adaptations to the present invention may occur to one skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the present invention and are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. An ultra-soft soil sampling device, characterized in that: the sampling cavity is a columnar cavity, the sampling cavity comprises a sample inlet and a sample outlet which are arranged at two ends, the sampling cavity can move vertically, the sampling cavity can move transversely to convey ultra-soft soil samples from the sample inlet to the sampling cavity, the sampling cavity is provided with a mud guard for blocking the ultra-soft soil samples from flowing out, the sample inlet and the sample outlet comprise inner walls, grooves are formed in the inner walls, raised strips matched with the grooves are arranged on the outer edges of the mud guard, and the sampling cavity can be closed or opened by inserting or taking the mud guard into the grooves;
the sampling cavity is provided with a plurality of partition plates along the vertical direction, a sampling box is detachably fixed on the partition plates, the sampling box is provided with a left opening communicated with a sample inlet and a right opening communicated with a sample outlet, the mud guard consists of a plurality of sealing plates for sealing the left opening and the right opening, the sealing plates are provided with clamping grooves, the left opening and the right opening of the sampling box are provided with clamping strips matched with the clamping grooves, and when the mud guard is inserted into the grooves, the clamping strips are simultaneously clamped into the clamping grooves;
the ultra-soft soil sampling device comprises a base, and is characterized by further comprising a level gauge arranged on the base, wherein the base is provided with at least two fixing parts which are used for the ultra-soft soil sampling device to pass through and are separated by a certain distance, the connecting line of the fixing parts is perpendicular to the ground, and the two fixing parts are movably connected to a track of the horizontally installed base.
2. An ultra-soft soil sampling apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the outer wall of the sampling cavity is provided with length scales.
3. An ultra-soft soil sampling apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the lower panel of the sampling cavity is connected with the conical head.
4. A method of sampling an ultra-soft soil sampling apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Selecting a sampling working area, leveling the land by taking an ultra-soft soil sampling point as a center, and removing a hard soil layer within a certain distance from the center of the sampling point;
(2) The method comprises the steps of horizontally placing a base on the ground above a sampling point, vertically placing an ultra-soft soil sampling device on the base at a certain distance from the sampling point, slowly pressing the ultra-soft soil sampling device into the ground through a static pressing-in or external lifting device, and reading the depth of the earth through the length scale on the ultra-soft soil sampling device until the depth reaches a preset sampling depth;
(3) Fixing the ultra-soft soil sampling device by using the fixing part, adjusting the sample inlet to be consistent with the track direction, and translating towards the sampling point until the ultra-soft soil sampling device translates to a preset sampling point;
(4) Inserting the mud guard into the groove, and inserting the clamping strip into the clamping groove until the sample inlet and the sample outlet are completely closed by the baffle;
(5) Lifting the ultra-soft soil sampling device upwards until the ultra-soft soil sampling device completely leaves the ground;
(6) And disassembling the front plate and the rear plate of the ultra-soft soil sampling device, disassembling the sampling box, marking, sealing the sampling box, and taking the soil samples in the sampling box as target soil samples with different depths.
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