CN112627845A - Steel-concrete composite structure for protecting tunnel portal of operation railway and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Steel-concrete composite structure for protecting tunnel portal of operation railway and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112627845A CN112627845A CN202011505684.2A CN202011505684A CN112627845A CN 112627845 A CN112627845 A CN 112627845A CN 202011505684 A CN202011505684 A CN 202011505684A CN 112627845 A CN112627845 A CN 112627845A
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- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 198
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 198
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 14
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004540 pour-on Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 206010070245 Foreign body Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003351 stiffener Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007847 structural defect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/003—Linings or provisions thereon, specially adapted for traffic tunnels, e.g. with built-in cleaning devices
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/14—Lining predominantly with metal
- E21D11/18—Arch members ; Network made of arch members ; Ring elements; Polygon elements; Polygon elements inside arches
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/14—Lining predominantly with metal
- E21D11/18—Arch members ; Network made of arch members ; Ring elements; Polygon elements; Polygon elements inside arches
- E21D11/183—Supporting means for arch members, not provided for in E21D11/22
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/14—Lining predominantly with metal
- E21D11/18—Arch members ; Network made of arch members ; Ring elements; Polygon elements; Polygon elements inside arches
- E21D11/20—Special cross- sections, e.g. corrugated
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/14—Lining predominantly with metal
- E21D11/18—Arch members ; Network made of arch members ; Ring elements; Polygon elements; Polygon elements inside arches
- E21D11/22—Clamps or other yieldable means for interconnecting adjacent arch members either rigidly, or allowing arch member parts to slide when subjected to excessive pressure
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/38—Waterproofing; Heat insulating; Soundproofing; Electric insulating
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a steel-concrete composite structure for protecting an opening of an operation railway tunnel and a construction method thereof, belongs to the technical field of tunnel engineering and underground engineering, and solves the problem of poor stability of the existing protection structure. The reinforced concrete unit comprises steel corrugated plates, a stiff steel skeleton and a reinforced concrete lining, two feet of each steel corrugated plate are respectively connected to the two bearing platform beams, shear nails are arranged on the steel corrugated plates, the stiff steel skeleton is arranged on the periphery of each steel corrugated plate, the stiff steel skeleton and the steel corrugated plates are connected through U-shaped latches, and the reinforced concrete lining is poured on the stiff steel skeleton. The construction method comprises the following steps: arranging a bearing platform beam and an angle steel group; the corrugated plate is provided with bolt holes and grounding steel bars in advance; assembling and hoisting steel corrugated plates; installing a stiff steel reinforcement framework; and laying a water stop and pouring a reinforced concrete lining. The invention has strong bond force, good integrity and strong capability of resisting large-scale collapse and rockfall impact load.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel engineering and underground engineering, and particularly relates to a reinforced concrete composite structure for protecting an opening of a tunnel of an operation railway and a construction method thereof.
Background
At present, the operating railways mainly have the structural forms of a reinforced concrete shed tunnel, a flexible steel shed tunnel, an arched reinforced concrete open cut tunnel, a steel corrugated pipe open cut tunnel and the like for preventing geological disasters such as dangerous rock falling, collapse and the like. And when dangerous rock falling is serious, the collapse scale is large, the operation railway is busy, the construction time of a skylight is short (2-3 hours), the travelling road bed cannot be disturbed, and the structural span is large, the structural defects are obvious, and the main performance is as follows:
1. reinforced concrete shed tunnel:
the reinforced concrete shed tunnel is of a cast-in-place beam, plate and column structure, and has low bearing capacity and poor anti-seismic performance when the structural span is large, so that the reinforced concrete shed tunnel is difficult to resist load impact such as large-scale collapse, falling rocks and the like; the construction method has the advantages that the construction of the cross-railway line component templates of beams, plates and the like is difficult, concrete pouring is difficult, the falling risk of foreign matters is large, construction in a skylight period is only allowed in the whole construction period, the construction progress is slow, and certain interference is caused to railway operation.
2. Flexible steel shed tunnel:
the flexible steel shed tunnel is a flexible structure formed by light section steel and a steel strand annular net, and when large-scale external load impacts, the bearing framework is easy to twist and bend, large deformation is generated, the structure limit is invaded, and the train passing safety is influenced; because the number of the flexible steel shed tunnel connecting pieces is large, the paving, hanging and pulling are not firm, and the flexible steel shed tunnel is easy to fall or hang in the air, so that the contact net conduction accident is caused; the steel structure is easy to rust after long-term exposure and has poor durability; the construction of the 'skylight' period is only allowed in the whole construction period, and the construction progress is slow.
3. The method comprises the following steps of (1) arch reinforced concrete open cut tunnel:
the arch-shaped reinforced concrete open cut tunnel is an arch-shaped non-inverted arch cast-in-place concrete structure, when the span is large, the required strength of the internal mold manufacturing is high, the deformation is small, when the mold is erected, the erected scaffold has large span and high height, the number of supporting members is large and complicated, the interference with a contact net is easy to occur, the potential foreign matter falling risk of a railway line is extremely high, the construction in a 'skylight' period is only allowed in the whole construction period, the construction progress is extremely slow, and the interference to railway operation is large.
4. Open cut tunnel of corrugated pipe:
the open cut tunnel of the steel corrugated pipe takes the steel corrugated pipe as a main body, a concrete protective layer is coated outside the open cut tunnel, the structural integrity is poor, and the coated concrete is easy to peel off and slide from the steel corrugated structure under large-scale collapse and rockfall load impact to generate cracking deformation; the steel buckled plate hoop, vertical seam are numerous, and the construction period concrete placement that covers vibrates improperly can lead to steel buckled plate local deformation, and when serious, can cause slab joint bolt to become invalid, arouses to collapse, causes the driving accident, and simultaneously, during concrete placement, the mud seepage will corrode the contact net twine in the hole, influences driving safety.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a steel-concrete composite structure for protecting an operating railway tunnel portal, and aims to solve the problems of poor stability, high construction difficulty, slow construction progress and high construction safety risk of the conventional protective structure.
The invention also aims to provide a construction method of the steel-concrete composite structure for protecting the tunnel portal of the operation railway.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a reinforced concrete integrated configuration for operation railway tunnel entrance to a cave protection, including two cushion cap roof beams, still include a plurality of reinforced concrete units, a plurality of reinforced concrete units connect gradually on the cushion cap roof beam, every reinforced concrete unit includes the steel buckled plate, a plurality of rigidity framework of steel reinforcement and reinforced concrete lining, two feet of steel buckled plate are connected respectively on two cushion cap roof beams, be equipped with the shear force nail on the steel buckled plate, rigidity framework of steel reinforcement is established peripherally at the steel buckled plate, a plurality of rigidity frameworks of steel reinforcement are along vertically arranging, connect into whole through the splice bar between the rigidity framework of steel reinforcement, connect through U type hasp between rigidity framework of steel reinforcement and the steel buckled plate, the reinforced concrete lining is pour on rigidity framework of steel reinforcement, the shear force nail parcel is in the reinforced concrete lining.
The shear nail comprises an anchor rod body and a backing plate, wherein the upper end of the anchor rod body is bent, the anchor rod body is connected with the backing plate, the anchor rod body is fixedly connected with the backing plate through a reinforcing rib plate, the lower end of the anchor rod body penetrates through the backing plate, the lower end of the anchor rod body is connected with a first fastening nut and a first anti-reversing nut through threads, a threaded hole perpendicular to an axis is formed in the lower end of the anchor rod body, an anti-falling pin is arranged in the threaded hole and located below the first anti-reversing nut, and the backing plate is bent and matched with a steel corrugated plate in bending degree.
As a further improvement of the invention, the stiff steel bar framework is formed by sequentially connecting a plurality of framework units, each framework unit comprises 4 framework main bars, a plurality of rectangular ring reinforcing bars and a plurality of space diagonal reinforcing bars, the rectangular ring reinforcing bars are arranged along the length direction of the framework main bars, the 4 framework main bars are respectively positioned at the inner sides of 4 corners of the rectangular ring reinforcing bars, the space diagonal reinforcing bars are obliquely connected between a pair of framework main bars at diagonal positions and are arranged along the length direction of the framework main bars, a convolution reinforcing bar is arranged between a pair of framework main bars with longer spacing, and a plurality of U-shaped reinforcing bars are arranged between a pair of framework main bars with shorter spacing.
As a further improvement of the invention, the top of each bearing platform beam is provided with a longitudinal angle steel group, each angle steel group consists of two full-length L-shaped angle steels arranged back to back, a gap is reserved between the two L-shaped angle steels, and the foot part of the corrugated steel plate is inserted between the gap of the two L-shaped angle steels and is bolted with the L-shaped angle steel.
As a further improvement of the invention, the L-shaped angle steel is connected with the bearing platform beam through an anchor bolt.
As a further improvement of the invention, the U-shaped lock catch consists of a U-shaped rod, an end connecting sheet and a second fastening nut, the end connecting sheet is connected to the opening end of the U-shaped rod and is fastened and connected on the U-shaped rod through the second fastening nut, and the outer end of the second fastening nut is provided with a second anti-back nut.
As a further improvement of the invention, the steel corrugated plate is formed by mutually overlapping a plurality of corrugated plate sheets, the corrugated plate sheets are sequentially overlapped along the extending direction of corrugations to form corrugated plate ring sheets, the corrugated plate ring sheets are sequentially overlapped along the longitudinal direction, staggered joint overlapping is adopted among the longitudinal corrugated plate sheets, the circumferential overlapping length is not less than 15cm, the longitudinal overlapping length is not less than 5cm, and the longitudinal staggered joint distance is not less than 50 cm.
As a further improvement of the invention, deformation joints are formed between adjacent reinforced concrete units, grounding steel bars are welded at the feet of the steel corrugated plates of each deformation joint and inserted into the bearing platform beam, so that accidents caused by stray current are prevented.
As a further improvement of the invention, in order to prevent slurry leakage during concrete pouring, water stops are arranged at longitudinal joints, circumferential joints and deformation joints of the corrugated steel plates.
A construction method of a steel-concrete composite structure for protecting an operation railway tunnel portal comprises the following steps:
A. arranging a bearing platform beam, and longitudinally arranging an angle steel group on the top surface of the bearing platform beam, wherein L-shaped angle steel in the angle steel group is fixed on the bearing platform beam through foundation bolts;
B. bolt holes are preset on the corrugated plate sheets positioned at the foot parts, and grounding steel bars are welded on the corrugated plate sheets positioned at the foot parts of the deformation joints;
C. assembling the steel corrugated plates, and mounting shear nails and U-shaped lock catches on the steel corrugated plates;
D. hoisting a steel corrugated plate, inserting the foot part of the steel corrugated plate between two L-shaped angle steels of an angle steel group and inserting a grounding steel bar into a bearing platform beam, and bolting the foot part of the steel corrugated plate and the L-shaped angle steels;
E. installing a stiff steel reinforcement framework on the periphery of the steel corrugated plate, fastening a U-shaped lock catch, and connecting the stiff steel reinforcement framework with the steel corrugated plate through the U-shaped lock catch;
F. and paving water stops at longitudinal joints, circumferential joints and deformation joints of the steel corrugated plates, and pouring reinforced concrete linings on the stiff steel reinforcement framework.
In order to not damage a ballast bed and ensure the stable structure of the invention, the lower part of the steel-concrete composite structure is provided with a bearing platform beam foundation, and the top surface of the bearing platform beam is back-to-back provided with a pair of L-shaped angle steels which are fixed by pre-embedded foundation bolts. In order to control the deformation of the steel corrugated plates, improve the gripping force between the steel corrugated plates and concrete and increase the integrity of a reinforced concrete composite structure, the shear nails and the U-shaped latches are arranged on the corrugated plates, the stiff steel skeleton is arranged on the periphery of the steel corrugated plates, the shear nails, the U-shaped latches, the steel corrugated plates and the stiff steel skeleton are mutually cooperated, the corrugated plates are connected with the concrete by the shear nails, the steel corrugated plates are connected with the stiff steel skeleton by the U-shaped latches, the concrete is gripped by the stiff steel skeleton, and the stability is greatly enhanced.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the reinforced concrete combined structure has the advantages of high strength, strong bond strength, good integrity and strong capability of resisting large-scale collapse and falling rock impact load;
2. the problems that the inner mold of the large-span structure of the operation line is difficult to manufacture, the strength cannot be ensured, and the scaffold has risks such as instability, falling of foreign matters and the like can be effectively solved;
3. the steel corrugated plate internal mold can be manufactured in a factory, the steel corrugated plate is hoisted in a skylight point, steel bars are bound outside the skylight point under the protection of the steel corrugated plate, concrete is poured, the operation of a train is not influenced, the construction efficiency is high, the progress is fast, and the construction period is short;
4. the inner die of the steel corrugated plate is not removed, and forms an integral stress structure with concrete, so that the risk of falling of foreign matters in the process of removing the template is eliminated;
5. the waterproof effect of the structure joint is good, and the risk of slurry leakage and corrosion contact is avoided in the construction period;
6. the invention has simple construction method, can be quickly constructed, has small interference to the operation train and has low requirements on 'skylights'.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a steel-concrete composite structure for protecting an operating railway tunnel portal according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of portion A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of the overlapping of corrugated sheets of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the connection of a corrugated steel plate to a reinforced concrete lining according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a shear pin according to the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic view of the vertical structure of a stiff steel skeleton according to the present invention;
fig. 7 is a side view of a stiff steel skeleton according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a view B-B of FIG. 6;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the U-shaped latch of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic view showing the connection of the corrugated steel plate and the stiff steel skeleton according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1-a cushion cap beam; 2-foundation bolts; 3-L-shaped angle steel; 4-steel corrugated plate; 41-corrugated sheet; 5-high-strength bolt; 6-shear nails; 61-an anchor rod body; 62-a reinforcing rib; 63-a backing plate; 64-a first fastening nut; 65-a first anti-backup nut; 66-anti-drop pins; 7-U-shaped lock catches; 71-U shaped rod; 72-end connection sheet; 73-a second fastening nut; 74-a second anti-back nut; 8-stiff steel reinforcement cage; 81-skeleton main reinforcement; 82-a convoluted stiffener; 83-rectangular ring reinforcing ribs; 84-angle steel; 85-U-shaped reinforcing ribs; 86-spatial diagonal reinforcement; 9-water stop belt; 10-lining of reinforced concrete; 11-a grounding bar; 12-deformation joint; 13-a steel-concrete unit; 14-connecting rib, L1-circumferential lap length; l2-longitudinal overlap length; l3-longitudinal staggered gap.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1-10, a reinforced concrete composite structure for protecting an operating railway tunnel portal comprises two bearing platform beams 1 and a plurality of reinforced concrete units 13, wherein the plurality of reinforced concrete units 13 are sequentially connected to the bearing platform beams 1, each reinforced concrete unit comprises a steel corrugated plate 4, a plurality of stiff framework of steel reinforcement 8 and reinforced concrete lining 10, two feet of steel buckled plate 4 are connected respectively on two cushion cap roof beams 1, be equipped with shear force nail 6 on the steel buckled plate 4, stiff framework of steel reinforcement 8 is established at steel buckled plate 4 periphery, a plurality of stiff frameworks 8 are arranged along vertical even interval, connect into whole through splice bar 14 between stiff framework 8, connect through U type hasp 7 between stiff framework of steel reinforcement 8 and the steel buckled plate 4, reinforced concrete lining 10 is pour on stiff framework of steel reinforcement 8, shear force nail 6 parcel is in reinforced concrete lining 10.
Shear force nail 6 includes the stock body 61 and backing plate 63, stock body 61 upper end is the form of bending, stock body 61 links to each other with backing plate 63, consolidate through reinforcing floor 62 between stock body 61 and the backing plate 63 and be connected, reinforcing floor 62 is equipped with 2 at least and equipartition around stock body 61 lateral wall, stock body 61 lower extreme passes backing plate 63, stock body 61 lower extreme has first fastening nut 64 and first anti-backup nut 65 through threaded connection, first anti-backup nut 65 is located first fastening nut 8 below, stock body 61 lower extreme is equipped with the screw hole of perpendicular to axis, be equipped with anti-drop pin 66 in the screw hole, anti-drop pin 66 is located first anti-backup nut 65 below, backing plate 63 is the crookedness, its crookedness matches with steel buckled plate 4. The shear nails 6 are arranged at wave troughs of the steel corrugated plates 4, and the longitudinal distance and the transverse distance of the shear nails 6 are integral multiples of the wavelength of the steel corrugated plates 4.
The stiff steel reinforcement framework 8 is formed by connecting a plurality of skeleton units in proper order, the skeleton unit includes 4 skeleton owner muscle 81, a plurality of rectangle circle strengthening rib 83 and a plurality of space diagonal strengthening rib 86, a plurality of rectangle circle strengthening rib 83 evenly arranges along skeleton owner muscle 81 length direction, 4 skeleton owner muscle 81 are located 4 angles inboard of rectangle circle strengthening rib 83 respectively, space diagonal strengthening rib 86 slope is connected between a pair of skeleton owner muscle 81 of diagonal position and evenly arranges along skeleton owner muscle 81 length direction, be equipped with the strengthening rib 82 that circles round between the longer a pair of skeleton owner muscle 81 of interval, it is continuous S-shaped to circle round the strengthening rib 82, evenly be equipped with a plurality of U type strengthening ribs 85 between the shorter a pair of skeleton owner muscle 81 of interval.
Be equipped with at 1 top of every cushion cap roof beam along fore-and-aft angle steel group, every group angle steel group is become and leave the space between two L type angle steel 3 by the logical long L type angle steel 3 of two back-to-back settings, and the foot of steel buckled plate 4 is inserted between the space of two L type angle steel 3 and is just bolted connection with L type angle steel 3. The L-shaped angle steel 3 is connected with the bearing platform beam 1 through the foundation bolt 2.
The U-shaped lock catch 7 consists of a U-shaped rod 71, an end connecting sheet 72 and a second fastening nut 73, the end connecting sheet 72 is connected to the open end of the U-shaped rod 71 and is fastened and connected to the U-shaped rod 71 through the second fastening nut 73, and a second anti-back nut 74 is arranged at the outer end of the second fastening nut 73.
Steel corrugated plate 4 comprises a plurality of corrugated plate pieces 41 overlap joint each other, and corrugated plate piece 41 overlaps joint formation buckled plate ring piece in proper order along ripple extending direction, and the buckled plate ring piece is along vertically overlap joint in proper order again, adopts the staggered joint overlap joint between vertical corrugated plate piece 41, and hoop overlap joint length L1 is not less than 15cm, and vertical overlap joint length L2 is not less than 5cm, and vertical staggered joint interval L3 is not less than 50 cm. The corrugated plates 41 are connected by high-strength bolts 5. Bolt holes are preset in the inner side and the outer side of the foot part of each corrugated plate ring piece and are bolted with L-shaped angle steel 3 on the top surface of the bearing platform beam 1.
Deformation joints 12 are formed between adjacent steel-concrete units 13, grounding steel bars 11 are welded to the feet of the steel corrugated plates 4 of each deformation joint 12, and the grounding steel bars 11 are inserted into the bearing platform beam 1.
And water stops 9 are arranged at the longitudinal joint, the circumferential joint and the deformation joint 12 of the steel corrugated plate 4.
The steel corrugated plate 4 and all the connecting pieces thereof need to be subjected to anticorrosive and antirust treatment.
The construction method comprises the following steps:
A. the method comprises the following steps that (1) bearing platform beams are arranged on two sides of a line, an angle steel group (a pair of L-shaped angle steels 3 arranged back to back) is longitudinally arranged on the top surfaces of the bearing platform beams 1, and the L-shaped angle steels 3 in the angle steel group are fixed on the bearing platform beams 1 through embedded foundation bolts 2;
B. bolt holes are preset in the inner side and the outer side of a corrugated plate piece 41 at the foot part of each corrugated plate ring piece of the steel corrugated plate 4, and a grounding steel bar 11 is welded on the corrugated plate piece 41 at the foot part of the deformation joint 12;
C. assembling the steel corrugated plates 4, sequentially overlapping corrugated plate sheets 41 along the extending direction of corrugations to form corrugated plate ring sheets, sequentially overlapping the corrugated plate ring sheets along the longitudinal direction, overlapping the longitudinal corrugated plate sheets 41 by adopting staggered joints, wherein the circumferential overlapping length L1 is not less than 15cm, the longitudinal overlapping length L2 is not less than 5cm, the longitudinal staggered joint interval L3 is not less than 50cm, and the corrugated plate sheets 41 are connected by adopting high-strength bolts 5; the shear nails 6 are installed at the wave trough positions of the steel corrugated plates 4, the longitudinal spacing and the transverse spacing of the shear nails 6 are integral multiples of the wavelength of the steel corrugated plates 4, the lower ends of anchor rod bodies 61 of the shear nails 6 penetrate through the steel corrugated plates 4, the bottom surfaces of the backing plates 63 are attached to the wave trough positions of the steel corrugated plates 4, first fastening nuts 64 and first anti-backing nuts 65 are sequentially screwed at the lower ends of the anchor rod bodies 61, and anti-falling pins 66 are installed to prevent driving accidents caused by falling of the nuts; installing U-shaped rods 71 of the U-shaped lock catches 7 at the wave front positions of the steel corrugated plates 4, enabling the closed ends of the U-shaped rods 71 to be propped against the wave trough positions, and enabling the circumferential intervals of the U-shaped lock catches 7 to be not more than 1 m;
D. hoisting a steel corrugated plate 4, inserting the foot part of the steel corrugated plate 4 between two L-shaped angle steels 3 of an angle steel group, inserting a grounding steel bar 11 into a bearing platform beam 1, and bolting the foot part of the steel corrugated plate 4 with the L-shaped angle steels 3;
E. a stiff steel bar framework 8 is arranged on the periphery of the steel corrugated plate 4, the joints of the framework units are fixed by angle steel 84, and spatial diagonal reinforcing ribs 86 of different framework units can be arranged in a staggered manner; the longitudinal distance between the stiff steel frameworks 8 is not more than 1.5m, and the stiff steel frameworks 8 are connected into a whole by adopting connecting ribs 14; a pair of main framework ribs 81 on the stiff steel reinforcement framework 8 are fixedly clamped on the steel corrugated plates 4 through end connecting sheets 72 of the U-shaped lock catches 7, second fastening nuts 73 and second anti-backing nuts 74 are sequentially screwed on, and the stiff steel reinforcement framework 8 and the steel corrugated plates 4 are firmly connected through the U-shaped lock catches 7;
F. and (3) paving rubber water stops 9 at longitudinal joints, circumferential joints and deformation joints 12 of the steel corrugated plates 4, verifying through a water-closing test, and finally pouring reinforced concrete linings 10 on the stiff steel reinforcement framework 8.
The invention is applied to open cut tunnel projects additionally arranged at the blue and green line K61+ 050-K61 +150, has the advantages of large span, high strength, strong bond force, good integrity, good waterproof effect and the like, can effectively cope with geological disasters such as serious dangerous rock fall, large-scale collapse and the like of an operation tunnel portal, has small falling risk of foreign bodies, can be quickly constructed, has small interference on an operation railway, overcomes the problems in the prior art, and has strong practicability.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a steel-concrete integrated configuration for operation railway tunnel entrance to a cave protection, includes two cushion cap roof beams, its characterized in that: the reinforced concrete unit comprises a plurality of reinforced concrete units (13), the reinforced concrete units (13) are sequentially connected to a bearing platform beam (1), each reinforced concrete unit comprises a steel corrugated plate (4), a plurality of stiff steel frameworks (8) and a reinforced concrete lining (10), two feet of the steel corrugated plate (4) are respectively connected to the two bearing platform beams (1), a shear nail (6) is arranged on the steel corrugated plate (4), the stiff steel bar frameworks (8) are arranged at the periphery of the steel corrugated plates (4), the stiff steel bar frameworks (8) are longitudinally arranged, the stiff steel bar frameworks (8) are connected into a whole through connecting ribs (14), the stiff steel bar frameworks (8) are connected with the steel corrugated plates (4) through U-shaped lock catches (7), the reinforced concrete lining (10) is poured on the stiff steel reinforcement framework (8), and the shear nails (6) are wrapped in the reinforced concrete lining (10).
2. The steel-concrete composite structure for protecting an operating railway tunnel portal according to claim 1, characterized in that: shear force nail (6) are including the stock body (61) and backing plate (63), the stock body (61) upper end is the form of bending, and the stock body (61) links to each other with backing plate (63), is connected through reinforced rib board (62) reinforcement between stock body (61) and backing plate (63), and stock body (61) lower extreme passes backing plate (63), and stock body (61) lower extreme has first fastening nut (64) and first anti-falling nut (65) through threaded connection, and stock body (61) lower extreme is equipped with the screw hole of perpendicular to axis, is equipped with anti-drop pin (66) in the screw hole, and anti-drop pin (66) are located first anti-falling nut (65) below, backing plate (63) are the crookedness, and its crooked degree cooperatees with steel buckled plate (4).
3. The steel-concrete composite structure for protecting an operating railway tunnel portal according to claim 1, characterized in that: the stiff steel reinforcement framework (8) is connected gradually by a plurality of skeleton units and is formed, the skeleton unit includes 4 skeleton owner muscle (81), a plurality of rectangle circle strengthening rib (83) and a plurality of space diagonal angle strengthening rib (86), a plurality of rectangle circle strengthening rib (83) are arranged along skeleton owner muscle (81) length direction, 4 skeleton owner muscle (81) are located 4 angles inboards of rectangle circle strengthening rib (83) respectively, space diagonal angle strengthening rib (86) slope is connected between a pair of skeleton owner muscle (81) of diagonal angle position and is arranged along skeleton owner muscle (81) length direction, be equipped with between the longer a pair of skeleton owner muscle (81) of interval and circle round strengthening rib (82), be equipped with a plurality of U type strengthening rib (85) between the shorter a pair of skeleton owner muscle (81) of interval.
4. The steel-concrete composite structure for protecting an operating railway tunnel portal according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: be equipped with at every cushion cap roof beam (1) top and follow fore-and-aft angle steel group, every group angle steel group is constituteed and is left the space between two L type angle steel (3) by two logical long L type angle steel (3) that set up back to back, the foot of steel buckled plate (4) is inserted between the space of two L type angle steel (3) and is bolted connection with L type angle steel (3).
5. The steel-concrete composite structure for protecting an operation railway tunnel portal according to claim 4, is characterized in that: the L-shaped angle steel (3) is connected with the bearing platform beam (1) through foundation bolts (2).
6. The steel-concrete composite structure for protecting an operation railway tunnel portal according to claim 5, characterized in that: u type hasp (7) comprise U type pole (71), end connection piece (72) and second fastening nut (73), end connection piece (72) are connected at the open end of U type pole (71) and are connected on U type pole (71) through second fastening nut (73) fastening, and second fastening nut (73) outer end is equipped with second and prevents back nut (74).
7. The steel-concrete composite structure for protecting an operation railway tunnel portal according to claim 6, characterized in that: steel buckled plate (4) are lapped each other by a plurality of ripple slab (41) and are constituteed, and ripple slab (41) overlap joint formation buckled plate ring piece in proper order along ripple extending direction, and the buckled plate ring piece is along vertically overlap joint in proper order again, adopts the fissure of displacement overlap joint between vertical ripple slab (41), and hoop overlap joint length is not less than 15cm, and vertical overlap joint length is not less than 5cm, and vertical fissure of displacement interval is not less than 50 cm.
8. The steel-concrete composite structure for protecting an operation railway tunnel portal according to claim 7, characterized in that: deformation joints (12) are formed between adjacent steel-concrete units (13), grounding steel bars (11) are welded to the feet of the steel corrugated plates (4) of each deformation joint (12), and the grounding steel bars (11) are inserted into the bearing platform beam (1).
9. The steel-concrete composite structure for protecting an operation railway tunnel portal according to claim 8, characterized in that: and water stops (9) are arranged at the longitudinal joint, the circumferential joint and the deformation joint (12) of the steel corrugated plate (4).
10. A construction method of a steel-concrete composite structure for protecting an operation railway tunnel portal is characterized by comprising the following steps:
A. the method comprises the following steps that a bearing platform beam (1) is arranged, an angle steel group is longitudinally arranged on the top surface of the bearing platform beam (1), and L-shaped angle steel (3) in the angle steel group is fixed on the bearing platform beam (1) through foundation bolts (2);
B. bolt holes are preset in the corrugated plate sheets (41) at the foot positions, and grounding steel bars (11) are welded on the corrugated plate sheets (41) at the foot positions of the deformation joints (12);
C. assembling the steel corrugated plates (4), and mounting shear nails (6) and U-shaped lock catches (7) on the steel corrugated plates (4);
D. hoisting a steel corrugated plate (4), inserting the foot part of the steel corrugated plate (4) between two L-shaped angle steels (3) of an angle steel group, inserting a grounding steel bar (11) into a bearing platform beam (1), and bolting the foot part of the steel corrugated plate (4) and the L-shaped angle steels (3);
E. a stiff steel bar framework (8) is arranged on the periphery of the steel corrugated plate (4), a U-shaped lock catch (7) is fastened, and the stiff steel bar framework (8) is connected with the steel corrugated plate (4) through the U-shaped lock catch (7);
F. and water stops (9) are laid at longitudinal joints, circumferential joints and deformation joints (12) of the steel corrugated plates (4), and reinforced concrete linings (10) are poured on the stiff steel reinforcement framework (8).
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