CN112624756A - Preparation method of ceramic strontium titanate isotope fuel pellet - Google Patents
Preparation method of ceramic strontium titanate isotope fuel pellet Download PDFInfo
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- CN112624756A CN112624756A CN202011557794.3A CN202011557794A CN112624756A CN 112624756 A CN112624756 A CN 112624756A CN 202011557794 A CN202011557794 A CN 202011557794A CN 112624756 A CN112624756 A CN 112624756A
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- strontium titanate
- isotope
- fuel pellet
- ball milling
- ceramic
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- VEALVRVVWBQVSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium titanate Chemical compound [Sr+2].[O-][Ti]([O-])=O VEALVRVVWBQVSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-NJFSPNSNSA-N hydroxyformaldehyde Chemical compound O[14CH]=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910000018 strontium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000000713 high-energy ball milling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002901 radioactive waste Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002285 radioactive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004992 fission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004886 process control Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035899 viability Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/46—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on titanium oxides or titanates
- C04B35/462—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on titanium oxides or titanates based on titanates
- C04B35/465—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on titanium oxides or titanates based on titanates based on alkaline earth metal titanates
- C04B35/47—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on titanium oxides or titanates based on titanates based on alkaline earth metal titanates based on strontium titanates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/64—Burning or sintering processes
- C04B35/645—Pressure sintering
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C21/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted to the manufacture of reactors or parts thereof
- G21C21/02—Manufacture of fuel elements or breeder elements contained in non-active casings
- G21C21/10—Manufacture of fuel elements or breeder elements contained in non-active casings by extrusion, drawing, or stretching by rolling, e.g. "picture frame" technique
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/60—Aspects relating to the preparation, properties or mechanical treatment of green bodies or pre-forms
- C04B2235/602—Making the green bodies or pre-forms by moulding
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
- C04B2235/656—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
- C04B2235/6567—Treatment time
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Inorganic Compounds Of Heavy Metals (AREA)
- Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a ceramic strontium titanate isotope fuel pellet, which takes strontium carbonate and titanium dioxide as raw materials and adopts a high-energy ball milling mode to ball mill and mix the raw materials uniformly; and directly filling the powder obtained by ball milling into a cylindrical graphite die, sintering and molding at one time by adopting a hot-pressing mode, and controlling the displacement of a pressure head of the graphite die to obtain the ceramic strontium titanate isotope fuel pellet. The method utilizes the high-energy ball mill to grind and crush the raw materials, realizes the uniform mixing at the atomic level, and can effectively reduce the sintering temperature; sintering and molding are completed in one step by utilizing a hot press, the method is simple, convenient and efficient, and no radioactive waste liquid is generated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of isotope heat sources and power supplies, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a ceramic strontium titanate isotope fuel pellet.
Background
The isotope power supply is used as a power supply system with long service life and strong viability, and can meet the use requirements of extreme environments such as spaceflight, deep sea and the like.90Sr is an abundant fission product, has a half-life of 27.7 years, generates heat along with decay, and is a long-life isotope power fuel. At present, the Chinese is not mature90The related research of Sr isotope power supply products is still blank, and corresponding development processes and technical routes are not provided. Strontium titanate has the characteristics of high melting point and water insolubility, and is an ideal chemical form of isotope power source fuel. As an energy source of isotope power source, it is required to be prepared in a bulk shape to increase its own density to obtain higher thermal power density. Generally, the preparation of the strontium titanate block adopts a cold pressing method, namely, strontium titanate powder is obtained firstly and then is subjected to cold pressing, and finally ceramic sintering is carried out to prepare the strontium titanate block. The theoretical density of the core block prepared by cold pressing is low, the preparation steps are complicated,90sr is radioactive and has a great risk of injury to personnel and equipment. Therefore, further simplifying the preparation process is the key to solving the development of the strontium titanate fuel pellet. The invention aims to obtain the ceramic strontium titanate fuel pellet in one step by adopting a mode of carrying out hot pressing treatment on raw materials. Compared with cold pressing, hot pressing has the advantages of simple steps and capability of obtaining strontium titanate core blocks with higher density.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention is directed to a method for preparing a ceramized strontium titanate isotope fuel pellet.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a preparation method of a ceramic strontium titanate isotope fuel pellet is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) uniformly mixing strontium carbonate and titanium dioxide raw materials by adopting a high-energy ball milling mode;
(2) directly filling powder obtained by ball milling into a graphite die;
(3) and carrying out one-time molding and sintering by adopting a hot pressing mode to obtain the ceramic strontium titanate isotope fuel pellet, wherein the size and the density of a heat source are controlled by changing the displacement distance of a pressure head in the hot pressing process.
Wherein, the chemical purity of the strontium carbonate is more than 95 percent, and the abundance of strontium isotope is more than 75 percent.
Wherein, the ball milling method is dry ball milling.
Wherein, the operating parameters of the ball mill are as follows: the rotating speed of the main disc is 280-380 rpm, the conveying ratio is 2-4, the ball material ratio is 15-25: 1, and the time is 8-10 hours.
Wherein, the graphite mould is cylindrical and adopts a mode of pressurizing the upper end and the lower end.
Wherein, the operating parameters of the hot press are as follows: the sintering temperature is 800-1000 ℃, and the pressure is 1-2 tN.
The preparation method of the ceramic strontium titanate isotope fuel pellet takes strontium carbonate and titanium dioxide as raw materials, and ball milling and uniform mixing are carried out on the raw materials by adopting a high-energy ball milling mode; and directly filling the powder obtained by ball milling into a cylindrical graphite die, sintering and molding at one time by adopting a hot-pressing mode, and controlling the displacement of a pressure head of the graphite die to obtain the ceramic strontium titanate isotope fuel pellet. The method utilizes the high-energy ball mill to grind and crush the raw materials, realizes the uniform mixing at the atomic level, and can effectively reduce the sintering temperature; sintering and molding are completed in one step by utilizing a hot press, the method is simple, convenient and efficient, and no radioactive waste liquid is generated.
The preparation method has the advantages that: the method for preparing the radioactive strontium titanate isotope heat source does not generate radioactive waste liquid, is simple and efficient, completes the synthesis and the molding of strontium titanate at one time, and realizes the controllability of the size and the density of the heat source by controlling the displacement of a pressure head.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be explained in further detail with reference to examples.
The ceramized strontium titanate (A) of the invention90The preparation method of the Sr) isotope fuel pellet comprises the following steps:
(1) strontium carbonate (b) is treated by adopting a high-energy ball milling mode90Sr) and titanium dioxide raw materials are mixed evenly;
(2) directly filling powder obtained by ball milling into a graphite die;
(3) the ceramic strontium titanate (A) is obtained by one-step molding and sintering in a hot pressing mode90Sr) isotope fuel pellets, wherein the hot pressing process controls the heat source size and density by varying the displacement distance of the indenter.
Wherein the chemical purity of the strontium carbonate is more than 95 percent,90the abundance of Sr isotope is more than 75%.
Wherein, the ball milling method is dry ball milling.
Wherein, the operating parameters of the ball mill are as follows: the rotating speed of the main disc is 280-380 rpm, the conveying ratio is 2-4, the ball material ratio is 15-25: 1, and the time is 8-10 hours.
Wherein, the graphite mould is cylindrical and adopts a mode of pressurizing the upper end and the lower end.
Wherein, the operating parameters of the hot press are as follows: the sintering temperature is 800-1000 ℃, and the pressure is 1-2 tN.
Example 1
74g of strontium carbonate with the purity of 95 percent and 40g of titanium dioxide are respectively weighed and placed in a 250ml ball milling tank, the rotation speed of a main disc of the ball mill is set to be 300rpm, the transmission ratio is 2, the ball-material ratio is 20: 1, and the milling time is 24 hours. And transferring the ground mixed powder to a graphite die, wherein the inner diameter of the graphite die is 35mm, and the powder filling height is 70 mm. The graphite die is placed in a hot press, the pressure is set to be 1tN, the temperature is set to be 900 ℃, the time is 2 hours, and the displacement distance of a pressure head is 40 mm. A strontium titanate heat source of approximately 62% density was produced.
By the invention, the ceramic strontium titanate (90Sr) isotope fuel pellet, canFor China90The research of Sr isotope power supply provides necessary technical support, and can effectively promote China90The development process of Sr isotope power source.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and those skilled in the art will be able to make various modifications without creative efforts from the above-described conception, and fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A preparation method of a ceramic strontium titanate isotope fuel pellet is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) uniformly mixing strontium carbonate and titanium dioxide raw materials by adopting a high-energy ball milling mode;
(2) directly filling powder obtained by ball milling into a graphite die;
(3) and carrying out one-time molding and sintering by adopting a hot pressing mode to obtain the ceramic strontium titanate isotope fuel pellet, wherein the size and the density of a heat source are controlled by changing the displacement distance of a pressure head in the hot pressing process.
2. The method of preparing ceramic strontium titanate isotope fuel pellets as claimed in claim, wherein in step (1), the purity of strontium carbonate is more than 95% and the abundance of strontium isotope is more than 75%.
3. The method for preparing the ceramized strontium titanate isotope fuel pellet as set forth in claim 1, wherein the ball milling method in the step (1) is dry ball milling.
4. The method for preparing the ceramized strontium titanate isotope fuel pellet as set forth in claim 1, wherein the ball mill in the step (1) has the operational parameters of: the rotating speed of the main disc is 280-380 rpm, the transmission ratio is 2-4, and the ball material ratio is 15-25: 1, the time is 8-10 h.
5. The method of preparing a ceramized strontium titanate isotope fuel pellet as set forth in claim 1, wherein the graphite mold is cylindrical in shape in the step (2) in a manner of pressurizing the upper and lower ends.
6. The method for preparing a ceramized strontium titanate isotope fuel pellet as set forth in claim 1, wherein the operation parameters of the hot press in the step (3) are: the sintering temperature is 800-1000 ℃, and the pressure is 1-2 tN.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011557794.3A CN112624756A (en) | 2020-12-25 | 2020-12-25 | Preparation method of ceramic strontium titanate isotope fuel pellet |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011557794.3A CN112624756A (en) | 2020-12-25 | 2020-12-25 | Preparation method of ceramic strontium titanate isotope fuel pellet |
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| CN112624756A true CN112624756A (en) | 2021-04-09 |
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| CN202011557794.3A Pending CN112624756A (en) | 2020-12-25 | 2020-12-25 | Preparation method of ceramic strontium titanate isotope fuel pellet |
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Application publication date: 20210409 |