CN112612663B - Method for reversely solving 1553B bus ICD - Google Patents
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- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F11/00—Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
- G06F11/22—Detection or location of defective computer hardware by testing during standby operation or during idle time, e.g. start-up testing
- G06F11/2205—Detection or location of defective computer hardware by testing during standby operation or during idle time, e.g. start-up testing using arrangements specific to the hardware being tested
- G06F11/221—Detection or location of defective computer hardware by testing during standby operation or during idle time, e.g. start-up testing using arrangements specific to the hardware being tested to test buses, lines or interfaces, e.g. stuck-at or open line faults
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F11/00—Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
- G06F11/22—Detection or location of defective computer hardware by testing during standby operation or during idle time, e.g. start-up testing
- G06F11/2273—Test methods
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F11/00—Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
- G06F11/22—Detection or location of defective computer hardware by testing during standby operation or during idle time, e.g. start-up testing
- G06F11/26—Functional testing
- G06F11/261—Functional testing by simulating additional hardware, e.g. fault simulation
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for reversely solving 1553B bus ICD, which relates to the technical field of aviation maintenance, and comprises the following steps of: a. based on the model of the airplane, collecting and sorting the data of the airborne equipment and related systems, and classifying and screening; b. constructing a reverse-solving environment, configuring a reverse-solving platform as a BM function, collecting communication data of airborne equipment during normal operation, and classifying and naming the information; c. classifying parameters transmitted by a 1553B bus, searching a message type and word position relation corresponding to each parameter, and then sorting the message type and word position relation into an ICD in a standard format; d. and judging an information transmission mechanism of the 1553B bus, and verifying a reverse result. The invention firstly reversely obtains the message type, the word position relation and the vector word transmission mechanism through the post analysis of the monitoring data, and then ensures that the reversely solved ICD is correct through simulation verification.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aviation maintenance, in particular to a method for reversely solving 1553B bus ICD.
Background
1553B bus is a digital time division instruction response type multiplexing data bus, and is widely applied to military systems. The 1553B standard specifies the underlying protocol, and the interface control file (ICD) specifies the upper protocol, including the functions, technical characteristics, instructions, etc. of the interface signals, which are the key points of the 1553B bus communication protocol. In aviation maintenance, the 1553B bus communication protocol is reversely solved, so that the deep repair of airborne equipment and the development of ground detection equipment are facilitated.
1553B bus ICD depicts 1553 communication interfaces from multiple levels, including selected message types, word bit relationships in messages, message transfer organization logic, and the like. In 1553B bus network, bus Controller (BC) organizes the transmission of information, bus Monitor (BM) monitors information, remote Terminal (RT) is other terminal not used as BC or BM, send and receive data under BC control. Because the 1553B bus only defines the bottom layer protocol, and the upper layer protocol is made by an aircraft manufacturer or an on-board equipment manufacturer and is not disclosed, the 1553B bus ICD is required to be reversely required under the condition that data cannot be acquired.
The 1553B bus is mainly used in weapon systems, only a few units develop researches on the aspects at present, as for the reverse solving of ICDs, the number of ICDs is smaller, and only simple ICDs can be reversely solved, a large amount of work needs manual processing, and the practicability is insufficient.
Standard document 1: MIL-HDBK-1553-84 multiplexing application manual;
standard document 2: GJB289A-97 digital time division instruction responsive multiplexed data bus;
paper document 1: comments about the inverse 1553B bus data interface definition issue;
paper document 2:1553B bus signal interface defines a reverse technology-global search technology;
paper document 3:1553B bus signal interface defines a reverse technology-local verification technology;
patent document 1: CN201210456734 is a method and system for reversely solving 1553B bus data storage rule;
patent document 2: CN201310607812MIL-STD-1553B bus monitoring and data analysis system;
patent document 3: CN201110093146 portable airplane 1553B bus detection system based on USB interface and control method;
standard document 1 and standard document 2 specify only the lower layer protocol, and the upper layer protocol is formulated by an aircraft manufacturer or an on-board equipment manufacturer and is not disclosed, which is the purpose of the contrary.
The reverse method in paper documents 1 to 3 and patent document 1 can only adapt to simple conditions, a large amount of work needs manual treatment, and a plurality of 1553B boards are adopted, so that the construction cost of the reverse system is high.
Patent document 2 and patent document 3 mainly monitor and analyze bus data, and can analyze some data in real time and afterwards, but these are realized based on the existing ICD data, and this is just in the sense of the opposite, and under the condition that no ICD data exists, only simple some element information can be analyzed, so that the requirement of opposite ICD is far less.
The method for reversely solving the 1553B bus ICD is designed, and the ICD of the 1553B bus can be accurately reversely solved, so that subsequent works such as development of onboard accessory test equipment and monitoring and analysis of data of an aircraft assembly debugging bus are conveniently carried out.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of related products in the prior art, the invention provides a method for reversely solving 1553B bus ICD.
The invention provides a method for reversely solving 1553B bus ICD, which comprises the following steps:
a. based on the model of the airplane, collecting and sorting the data of the airborne equipment and related systems, and classifying and screening;
b. constructing a reverse-solving environment, configuring a reverse-solving platform as a BM function, collecting communication data of airborne equipment during normal operation, and classifying and naming the information;
c. classifying the acquired parameters in the 1553B bus respectively, searching the message type and word position relation corresponding to each parameter, and then sorting the message type and word position relation into an ICD in a standard format;
d. and judging an information transmission mechanism of the 1553B bus, and verifying a reverse result.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the step b specifically includes:
and collecting communication data in normal test, distinguishing messages according to addresses and sub-addresses after collecting enough data, and deducing and sorting out message types by combining a control function and naming corresponding messages.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the step c specifically includes:
when the airborne equipment is in a complete machine environment or a crosslinking test environment and works normally, a reverse-solving platform is configured as a BM function, a set of test cases is designed, each step of operation only modifies one parameter, changes as much as possible according to a linear rule, comprises special values such as extreme values, zero points and the like, and synchronously records operation steps and monitored information;
when the airborne equipment is tested in a single piece, for the airborne equipment serving as the BC function, a reverse-solving platform is configured to be an RT function, a system crosslinked with the airborne equipment is simulated, parameters sent in test software are modified one by one, and data in an RT receiving cache are compared; modifying the sending buffer of RT word by word and bit by bit, and comparing the parameters received in the test software;
when the airborne equipment is tested in a single piece, configuring a reverse-solving platform as a BC function for the airborne equipment serving as an RT function, sending a BC-RT message, and judging the received parameters through the working state of the airborne equipment; changing a test environment, sending an RT-BC message, and comparing parameters received in test software;
in combination with the above three steps, the law of each parameter is analyzed, and the way in which it is represented in the 1553B bus is determined.
In some embodiments of the present invention, in the step d, the information transmission mechanism of the judging 1553B bus specifically includes:
state inquiry, BC sends a 'send vector word 10000' mode instruction, reads information returned by the airborne equipment serving as RT: status words and data words or status words and vector words;
data reading, namely, BC judges that RT has data updating, and then sends RT-BC information, and reads data in a sub-address sending cache corresponding to RT;
and after the BC reads the data, sending a mode instruction of 'synchronous 10001 with data words', and resetting the RT vector words.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the method for reversely solving the 1553B bus ICD according to the embodiment of the invention firstly preliminarily reversely solves the message types, the word position relations and the vector word mechanism through the post analysis of the monitoring data, and then ensures the correctness of the reversely solved ICD through simulation verification.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for inverting 1553B bus ICD according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the inverse platform to the on-board equipment according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a reverse system for a 1553B bus inner field LRU test according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the following description will make clear and complete descriptions of the technical solutions according to the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the invention, but not all embodiments, and that the preferred embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings. This invention may be embodied in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein, but rather is provided to provide a more thorough understanding of the present disclosure.
Referring to fig. 1, a flow chart of a method for reversely solving a 1553B bus ICD according to an embodiment of the invention is shown, wherein the method for reversely solving the 1553B bus ICD includes the following steps:
step a: and collecting and sorting data of the airborne equipment and related systems based on the aircraft model, and classifying and screening.
The inverse 1553B bus ICD is a complex system engineering, which requires specific analysis of specific problems, and the inverse process is both sequential and iterative. In the embodiment of the invention, firstly, information collection, classification, screening, key analysis principle, function and test method are required to be carried out, and based on the model of the airplane, the data of the airborne equipment and related systems are collected and arranged, so that the content of 1553B bus transmission is guessed.
And b, constructing an acquisition configuration of a reverse-solving platform, configuring the reverse-solving platform as a BM function, acquiring communication data of the airborne equipment during normal operation, and classifying and naming the information.
Referring to fig. 2, a schematic diagram of connection between the reverse-solving platform and the airborne device according to the present invention is shown, and the collection configuration (BM) adopted in the embodiment of the present invention configures the reverse-solving platform as a BM function, collects communication data when the airborne device is working normally, distinguishes messages according to elements such as an address and a sub-address after collecting enough data, combines with a control function, guesses and sorts out message types, names the messages, and simplifies the expression as much as possible on the premise of being able to distinguish. Of course, it should be noted that in some embodiments, a message may correspond to multiple operations, including multiple parameters, and an operation may require coordination of multiple messages.
And c, classifying the acquired parameters in the 1553B bus, confirming the message type and word position relation corresponding to each parameter, and then sorting the message type and word position relation into an ICD in a standard format.
In the embodiment of the invention, parameters are respectively acquired by adopting three modes, and the method comprises the following steps:
when the airborne equipment is in a complete machine environment or a crosslinking test environment and works normally, an acquisition configuration is adopted, a reverse-solving platform is configured as a BM function, a set of test cases is designed, each step of operation only modifies one parameter, changes as much as possible according to a linear rule, comprises special values such as extreme values, zero points and the like, and synchronously records operation steps and monitored information. The method is not only suitable for in-field test, but also can be used for collecting data when the machine is electrified, but because BC generally periodically inquires the state of RT and sends time synchronization information, a large number of instruction messages are included in the data messages, interference can be reduced through screening, summarizing and other methods, and only one message and operation can be analyzed as far as possible each time.
When the airborne equipment is tested in a single piece, simulation configuration is adopted for the airborne equipment serving as BC, a reverse-solving platform is configured to be an RT function, a system crosslinked with the airborne equipment is simulated, parameters sent in test software are modified one by one, and data in an RT receiving cache are compared; the transmit buffer of the RT is modified verbatim and bitwise, comparing the parameters received in the test software. The method is generally used for the internal field test, relies on airborne equipment, has high reliability, but indirectly judges parameters, needs to be very familiar with the test process, is easy to miss, and needs to be planned in advance.
When the airborne equipment is tested in a single piece, adopting a test configuration for the airborne equipment serving as RT, configuring a reverse-solving platform as a BC function, sending a BC-RT message, and judging the received parameters through the working state of the airborne equipment; changing the test environment, sending RT-BC message, and comparing the read data words. The method is generally used for the internal field test, relies on airborne equipment, has high reliability, but indirectly judges parameters, needs to be very familiar with the test process, is easy to miss, and needs to be planned in advance.
Based on this, the embodiment of the present invention uses the above three modes comprehensively, analyzes the rule of each parameter, determines the mode of representing it in the 1553B bus, and generally one parameter corresponds to a part of the 1553B bus. Firstly, the message types are counted, and the message types are summarized through element classification such as address, sub-address, mode code and the like. And then counting the types of the data words, judging the operation types corresponding to the data words, and primarily judging the operation types corresponding to the fields in the data words. Part of communication adopts a vector word query mechanism, so that vector words are counted and data valid bits are identified. The data in the 1553B bus can be generally divided into two types of numerical values such as unsigned integers, signed integers, single-precision floating points, double-precision floating points and the like, and the numerical parameters also need to determine the scaling multiple and offset between the numerical parameters and the actual physical quantity, and special cases can be listed and described independently. The sorting process is simplified as much as possible, the comparison and observation are convenient, omission is avoided, and finally the ICD with the standard format is formed.
And d, judging the information transmission mechanism of the 1553B bus, and verifying the reverse result.
The 1553B bus information transmission mechanism comprises a series of transmission logics of updating the data of the RT sending buffer, organizing and transmitting the data of the RT sending buffer by BC and correctly receiving the RT confirmation data, and response delay and error processing relations. The aircraft generally adopts a vector word updating mechanism, namely BC sends BC-RT message transmission information to RT, but the acquisition of RT information comprises the following three steps:
state inquiry, BC sends a 'send vector word 10000' mode instruction, reads information returned by RT: status words and data words or status words and vector words;
data reading, namely, BC judges that RT has data updating, and then sends RT-BC information, and reads data in a sub-address sending cache corresponding to RT;
and after the BC reads the data, sending a mode instruction of 'synchronous 10001 with data words', and resetting the RT vector words.
In some embodiments of the present invention, when RT is more, vector words are subdivided and sometimes queried for multiple times, but when maintenance is performed, when RT function is tested or controlled, the data update rate is not high, RT information can be directly obtained, the transmission mechanism is simplified, and only the contents of rt→bc message and bc→rt message or word bit relation of RT transceiving buffer need to be reversely calculated.
Because the operation time is limited when the data is collected by electrifying the external field machine, the collected operation and data generally do not cover the whole content and cannot be just boundary values or special values, so that all the boundary values and various special values need to be judged through simulation verification. Firstly, a simulation environment is constructed, then vector words are verified, finally data words are verified, the meaning of each field is determined, and therefore ICD is reversely calculated, and referring to FIG. 3, a reversely calculating system for the LRU (line replaceable unit) test of a 1553B bus internal field is provided, wherein the reversely calculating system comprises an operator 1, a portable computer 2, a USB cable 3, a USB-1553B bus protocol converter 4, a 1553B cable 5, a 1553B coupler 6, a 1553B cable 7, an LRU8 and an aviation case 9. After the standard format ICDs are sorted out, the embodiment of the invention verifies the word-bit relationship in the ICDs through the inverse platform.
The method for reversely solving the 1553B bus ICD firstly reversely solves the message types, the word position relations and the vector word mechanism through the post analysis of the monitoring data, and then ensures the correctness of the reversely solved ICD through simulation verification.
What is not described in detail in this specification is prior art known to those skilled in the art. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention may be modified or equivalents substituted for some of the features thereof. All equivalent structures made by the content of the specification and the drawings of the invention are directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, and are also within the scope of the invention.
Claims (3)
1. A method for inverting 1553B bus ICD, comprising the steps of:
a. based on the model of the airplane, collecting and sorting the data of the airborne equipment and related systems, and classifying and screening;
b. constructing a reverse-solving environment, configuring a reverse-solving platform as a BM function, collecting communication data of airborne equipment during normal operation, and classifying and naming the information;
c. classifying parameters transmitted by a 1553B bus, searching a message type and word position relation corresponding to each parameter, and then sorting the message type and word position relation into an ICD in a standard format;
the step c specifically comprises the following steps:
when the airborne equipment is in a complete machine environment or a crosslinking test environment and works normally, configuring a reverse-solving platform as a BM function, designing a set of test cases, modifying only one parameter for each step of operation, changing according to a linear rule, including extreme values and zero point special values, and synchronously recording operation steps and monitored information;
when the airborne equipment is tested in a single piece, for the airborne equipment serving as the BC function, a reverse-solving platform is configured to be an RT function, a system crosslinked with the airborne equipment is simulated, parameters sent in test software are modified one by one, and data in an RT receiving cache are compared; modifying the sending buffer of RT word by word and bit by bit, and comparing the parameters received in the test software;
when the airborne equipment is tested in a single piece, configuring a reverse-solving platform as a BC function for the airborne equipment serving as an RT function, sending a BC-RT message, and judging the received parameters through the working state of the airborne equipment; changing a test environment, sending an RT-BC message, and comparing parameters received in test software;
combining the three steps in the step c, analyzing the rule of each parameter, and determining the mode of representing the rule in a 1553B bus;
d. and judging an information transmission mechanism of the 1553B bus, and verifying a reverse result.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the step B specifically includes:
and collecting communication data of the airborne equipment in normal operation, distinguishing the messages according to the addresses and the sub-addresses after collecting enough data, and deducing and sorting out message type information by combining a control function and naming corresponding messages.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein in the step d, the determining 1553B bus information transmission mechanism specifically includes:
state inquiry, BC sends a 'send vector word 10000' mode instruction, reads information returned by the airborne equipment serving as RT: status words and data words or status words and vector words;
data reading, namely, BC judges that RT has data updating, and then sends RT-BC information, and reads data in a sub-address sending cache corresponding to RT;
and after the BC reads the data, sending a mode instruction of 'synchronous 10001 with data words', and resetting the RT vector words.
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| CA2285371A1 (en) * | 1997-04-09 | 1998-10-15 | Cubic Defense Systems, Inc. | Aircraft interface device and crossover cable kit |
| CN101977133A (en) * | 2010-10-25 | 2011-02-16 | 北京航空航天大学 | 1553B bus network emulation system applied to spacecraft system |
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