CN112609336A - 一种夹层热反射面料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种夹层热反射面料,包括外层,中间层和里层,所述中间层为隔热布,所述外层和里层为含有反射粒子的静电纺丝层,所述外层的厚度为1.0‑1.2mm,里层的厚度为1.0‑1.2mm,中间层的厚度为0.8‑1.0mm。隔热布为玻璃纤维布或玄武石纤维布中的任意一种,所述隔热布为平纹机织面料,经纬密均为60‑70根/cm,经纬纱线的支数为40‑60S。本发明的提供一种夹层热反射面料,可以有效隔离热量,避免或减轻热源对人体的伤害。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及功能型面料领域,具体涉及一种夹层热反射面料及其制备方法。
背景技术
隔热高性能纺织材料人体防护和工业防护中都有很大的需求。人们穿戴采用具有反热辐射性能的织物制成的防护服能够保护皮肤,在高温环境中,穿上特制的热防护服,能够使人体表面的升温速率下降,从而供穿着者更多的反应和逃离的时间,避免或减轻热源对人体的损害。
高温热辐射材料作为一种新型节能材料,在工业节能、提高加热器热效率、航天器热控制等方面有着广泛应用。随着热辐射材料优异性能逐渐显现,其应用温度区域也在不断延拓。国内外目前成功的研究大多集中高温温度段,常规民用使用的热辐射材料很少报道。
人体皮肤对温度非常敏感,当人体皮肤的热流密度达到2.68J/cm2,即皮肤温度达到45℃时,人就会有灼痛感;当热流密度增大到5.02J/cm2,即人体皮肤温度达72℃时,就会造成皮肤的二度烧伤。因此,人们穿着热防护服可以保护皮肤,在高温环境中,通过穿着热防护服可以使人体皮肤的升温速率降低,并提供穿着者反应和逃离的时间,以避免或减轻热源对人体的伤害。
发明内容
要解决的技术问题:本发明的目的是提供一种夹层热反射面料,可以有效隔离热量,避免或减轻热源对人体的伤害。
技术方案:一种夹层热反射面料,包括外层,中间层和里层,所述中间层为隔热布,所述外层和里层为含有反射粒子的静电纺丝层。
优选的,所述外层的厚度为1.0-1.2mm,里层的厚度为1.0-1.2mm,中间层的厚度为0.8-1.0mm。优选的,所述隔热布为玻璃纤维布或玄武石纤维布中的任意一种,所述隔热布为平纹机织面料,经纬密均为60-70根/cm,经纬纱线的支数为40-60S。
一种夹层热反射面料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1.将粉煤灰漂珠进行球磨,将球磨的粉煤灰过筛,然后置于稀酸溶液中进行清洗,得到净化后的粉煤灰漂珠;
S2.将净化后的粉煤灰漂珠,加入至氯化铝溶液中,超声波分散后过滤,将粉煤灰漂珠进行高温烧结,得到铝改性粉煤灰漂珠;
S3.将铝改性粉煤灰漂珠加入至纺丝液中,得到静电纺丝液;
S4.以隔热布作为接收板,通过静电纺丝技术,在隔热布的正反两侧静电纺丝附着规定厚度的静电纺丝层。
优选的,所述步骤S1中粉煤灰过筛后8000-10000目。
优选的,所述步骤S2中氯化铝溶液的浓度为0.8-1.0mol/L,在温度为30-50℃下超声分散120-240min。
优选的,所述步骤S2中高温烧结的温度为350-430℃,烧结时间为4-6h。
优选的,所述步骤S3中铝改性粉煤灰漂珠为纺丝液含量的13-24wt%。
有益效果:本发明的具有以下优点:
1、本发明采用机织物与无纺布织物结合的技术,采用三层(无纺布/机织物/无纺布)的结构,使得面料在波长7.775-25um,具有89.5%的反射率,三层材料中均有反射成分,提高面料的反射效率;
2、通过包覆的方法在粉煤灰漂珠外侧包覆一层高光泽的铝薄膜,并改善粉煤灰漂珠在纺丝液中分散性,显著提高热反射效率;
3、为了达到服用性能,又能够满足隔热和力学性能的三重需求,对织物的厚度进行限定,织物能够完全满足隔热需求,同时可以满足人体运动对织物的压迫,拉伸等机械作用。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种夹层热反射面料,包括外层,中间层和里层,所述中间层为隔热布,所述外层和里层为含有反射粒子的静电纺丝层。
优选的,所述外层的厚度为1.0mm,里层的厚度为1.0mm,中间层的厚度为0.8mm,所述隔热布为平纹机织面料,经纬密均为60根/cm,经纬纱线的支数为40S。
优选的,所述隔热布为玻璃纤维布。
一种夹层热反射面料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1.将粉煤灰漂珠进行球磨,将球磨的粉煤灰过筛,粉煤灰过筛后8000目,然后置于稀酸溶液中进行清洗,得到净化后的粉煤灰漂珠;
S2.将净化后的粉煤灰漂珠,加入至氯化铝溶液中,氯化铝溶液的浓度为0.8mol/L,超声波分散后过滤,在温度为30℃下超声分散240min,将粉煤灰漂珠进行高温烧结,高温烧结的温度为350℃,烧结时间为6h,得到铝改性粉煤灰漂珠;
S3.将铝改性粉煤灰漂珠加入至纺丝液中,铝改性粉煤灰漂珠为纺丝液含量的13wt%,得到静电纺丝液;
S4.以隔热布作为接收板,通过静电纺丝技术,在隔热布的正反两侧静电纺丝附着规定厚度的静电纺丝层。
实施例2
一种夹层热反射面料,包括外层,中间层和里层,所述中间层为隔热布,所述外层和里层为含有反射粒子的静电纺丝层。
优选的,所述外层的厚度为1.2mm,里层的厚度为1.2mm,中间层的厚度为1.0mm,所述隔热布为平纹机织面料,经纬密均为60根/cm,经纬纱线的支数为40S。
优选的,所述隔热布为玄武石纤维布。
一种夹层热反射面料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1.将粉煤灰漂珠进行球磨,将球磨的粉煤灰过筛,粉煤灰过筛后10000目,然后置于稀酸溶液中进行清洗,得到净化后的粉煤灰漂珠;
S2.将净化后的粉煤灰漂珠,加入至氯化铝溶液中,氯化铝溶液的浓度为1.0mol/L,超声波分散后过滤,在温度为50℃下超声分散120min,将粉煤灰漂珠进行高温烧结,高温烧结的温度为430℃,烧结时间为4h,得到铝改性粉煤灰漂珠;
S3.将铝改性粉煤灰漂珠加入至纺丝液中,铝改性粉煤灰漂珠为纺丝液含量的24wt%,得到静电纺丝液;
S4.以隔热布作为接收板,通过静电纺丝技术,在隔热布的正反两侧静电纺丝附着规定厚度的静电纺丝层。
实施例3
一种夹层热反射面料,包括外层,中间层和里层,所述中间层为隔热布,所述外层和里层为含有反射粒子的静电纺丝层。
优选的,所述外层的厚度为1.0mm,里层的厚度为1.0mm,中间层的厚度为0.9mm,所述隔热布为平纹机织面料,经纬密均为60根/cm,经纬纱线的支数为40S。
优选的,所述隔热布为玻璃纤维布或玄武石纤维布中的任意一种。
一种夹层热反射面料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1.将粉煤灰漂珠进行球磨,将球磨的粉煤灰过筛,粉煤灰过筛后8500目,然后置于稀酸溶液中进行清洗,得到净化后的粉煤灰漂珠;
S2.将净化后的粉煤灰漂珠,加入至氯化铝溶液中,氯化铝溶液的浓度为0.8mol/L,超声波分散后过滤,在温度为35℃下超声分散160min,将粉煤灰漂珠进行高温烧结,高温烧结的温度为380℃,烧结时间为4h,得到铝改性粉煤灰漂珠;
S3.将铝改性粉煤灰漂珠加入至纺丝液中,铝改性粉煤灰漂珠为纺丝液含量的18wt%,得到静电纺丝液;
S4.以隔热布作为接收板,通过静电纺丝技术,在隔热布的正反两侧静电纺丝附着规定厚度的静电纺丝层。
实施例4
一种夹层热反射面料,包括外层,中间层和里层,所述中间层为隔热布,所述外层和里层为含有反射粒子的静电纺丝层。
优选的,所述外层的厚度为1.2mm,里层的厚度为1.2mm,中间层的厚度为0.9mm,所述隔热布为平纹机织面料,经纬密均为60根/cm,经纬纱线的支数为40S。
优选的,所述隔热布为玄武石纤维布。
一种夹层热反射面料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1.将粉煤灰漂珠进行球磨,将球磨的粉煤灰过筛,粉煤灰过筛后9000目,然后置于稀酸溶液中进行清洗,得到净化后的粉煤灰漂珠;
S2.将净化后的粉煤灰漂珠,加入至氯化铝溶液中,氯化铝溶液的浓度为1.0mol/L,超声波分散后过滤,在温度为45℃下超声分散200min,将粉煤灰漂珠进行高温烧结,高温烧结的温度为400℃,烧结时间为6h,得到铝改性粉煤灰漂珠;
S3.将铝改性粉煤灰漂珠加入至纺丝液中,铝改性粉煤灰漂珠为纺丝液含量的22wt%,得到静电纺丝液;
S4.以隔热布作为接收板,通过静电纺丝技术,在隔热布的正反两侧静电纺丝附着规定厚度的静电纺丝层。
对比例1
一种夹层热反射面料,包括外层,中间层和里层,所述中间层为隔热布,所述外层和里层为含有反射粒子的静电纺丝层。
优选的,所述外层的厚度为1.2mm,里层的厚度为1.2mm,中间层的厚度为0.9mm,所述隔热布为平纹机织面料,经纬密均为60根/cm,经纬纱线的支数为40S。
优选的,所述隔热布为玻璃纤维布。
一种夹层热反射面料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1.将粉煤灰漂珠进行球磨,将球磨的粉煤灰过筛,粉煤灰过筛后9000目,然后置于稀酸溶液中进行清洗,得到净化后的粉煤灰漂珠;
S2.将粉煤灰漂珠加入至纺丝液中,粉煤灰漂珠为纺丝液含量的22wt%,得到静电纺丝液;
S3.以隔热布作为接收板,通过静电纺丝技术,在隔热布的正反两侧静电纺丝附着规定厚度的静电纺丝层。
在上表中,高温处理为置于200℃环境中60min,从上表中可以看出,外层和里层织物厚度较薄时,在高温条件下,复合织物的力学性能收到较大的影响。
在波长7.775-25um下的平均反射率(%) | |
实施例1 | 88.2 |
实施例2 | 88.8 |
实施例3 | 87.4 |
实施例4 | 89.5 |
对比例1 | 71.2 |
Claims (8)
1.一种夹层热反射面料,其特征在于,包括外层,中间层和里层,所述中间层为隔热布,所述外层和里层为含有反射粒子的静电纺丝层。
2.根据权利要求1所述夹层热反射面料,其特征在于:所述外层的厚度为1.0-1.2mm,里层的厚度为1.0-1.2mm,中间层的厚度为0.8-1.0mm。
3.根据权利要求1所述夹层热反射面料,其特征在于:所述隔热布为玻璃纤维布或玄武石纤维布中的任意一种。
4.一种夹层热反射面料的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
S1.将粉煤灰漂珠进行球磨,将球磨的粉煤灰过筛,然后置于稀酸溶液中进行清洗,得到净化后的粉煤灰漂珠;
S2.将净化后的粉煤灰漂珠,加入至氯化铝溶液中,超声波分散后过滤,将粉煤灰漂珠进行高温烧结,得到铝改性粉煤灰漂珠;
S3.将铝改性粉煤灰漂珠加入至纺丝液中,得到静电纺丝液;
S4.以隔热布作为接收板,通过静电纺丝技术,在隔热布的正反两侧静电纺丝附着规定厚度的静电纺丝层。
5.根据权利要求1所述夹层热反射面料的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤S1中粉煤灰过筛后8000-10000目。
6.根据权利要求1所述夹层热反射面料的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤S2中氯化铝溶液的浓度为0.8-1.0mol/L,在温度为30-50℃下超声分散120-240min。
7.根据权利要求1所述夹层热反射面料的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤S2中高温烧结的温度为350-430℃,烧结时间为4-6h。
8.根据权利要求1所述夹层热反射面料的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤S3中铝改性粉煤灰漂珠为纺丝液含量的13-24wt%。
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