CN112609336A - 一种夹层热反射面料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种夹层热反射面料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN112609336A
CN112609336A CN202011437101.7A CN202011437101A CN112609336A CN 112609336 A CN112609336 A CN 112609336A CN 202011437101 A CN202011437101 A CN 202011437101A CN 112609336 A CN112609336 A CN 112609336A
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heat
fly ash
thickness
electrostatic spinning
cloth
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陈丽芳
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Suzhou Baxi Textile Co ltd
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H13/00—Other non-woven fabrics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/022—Non-woven fabric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/024—Woven fabric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D13/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the special disposition of the warp or weft threads, e.g. with curved weft threads, with discontinuous warp threads, with diagonal warp or weft
    • D03D13/008—Woven fabrics characterised by the special disposition of the warp or weft threads, e.g. with curved weft threads, with discontinuous warp threads, with diagonal warp or weft characterised by weave density or surface weight
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4209—Inorganic fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/70—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres
    • D04H1/72—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged
    • D04H1/728—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged by electro-spinning
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B32B2262/101—Glass fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
    • B32B2307/304—Insulating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2437/00—Clothing
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2101/00—Inorganic fibres
    • D10B2101/02—Inorganic fibres based on oxides or oxide ceramics, e.g. silicates

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  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Filtering Materials (AREA)
  • Woven Fabrics (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供了一种夹层热反射面料，包括外层，中间层和里层，所述中间层为隔热布，所述外层和里层为含有反射粒子的静电纺丝层，所述外层的厚度为1.0‑1.2mm，里层的厚度为1.0‑1.2mm，中间层的厚度为0.8‑1.0mm。隔热布为玻璃纤维布或玄武石纤维布中的任意一种，所述隔热布为平纹机织面料，经纬密均为60‑70根/cm，经纬纱线的支数为40‑60S。本发明的提供一种夹层热反射面料，可以有效隔离热量，避免或减轻热源对人体的伤害。

Description

一种夹层热反射面料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及功能型面料领域，具体涉及一种夹层热反射面料及其制备方法。
背景技术
隔热高性能纺织材料人体防护和工业防护中都有很大的需求。人们穿戴采用具有反热辐射性能的织物制成的防护服能够保护皮肤，在高温环境中，穿上特制的热防护服，能够使人体表面的升温速率下降，从而供穿着者更多的反应和逃离的时间，避免或减轻热源对人体的损害。
高温热辐射材料作为一种新型节能材料，在工业节能、提高加热器热效率、航天器热控制等方面有着广泛应用。随着热辐射材料优异性能逐渐显现，其应用温度区域也在不断延拓。国内外目前成功的研究大多集中高温温度段，常规民用使用的热辐射材料很少报道。
人体皮肤对温度非常敏感，当人体皮肤的热流密度达到2.68J/cm2，即皮肤温度达到45℃时，人就会有灼痛感；当热流密度增大到5.02J/cm2，即人体皮肤温度达72℃时，就会造成皮肤的二度烧伤。因此，人们穿着热防护服可以保护皮肤，在高温环境中，通过穿着热防护服可以使人体皮肤的升温速率降低，并提供穿着者反应和逃离的时间，以避免或减轻热源对人体的伤害。
发明内容
要解决的技术问题：本发明的目的是提供一种夹层热反射面料，可以有效隔离热量，避免或减轻热源对人体的伤害。
技术方案：一种夹层热反射面料，包括外层，中间层和里层，所述中间层为隔热布，所述外层和里层为含有反射粒子的静电纺丝层。
优选的，所述外层的厚度为1.0-1.2mm，里层的厚度为1.0-1.2mm，中间层的厚度为0.8-1.0mm。优选的，所述隔热布为玻璃纤维布或玄武石纤维布中的任意一种，所述隔热布为平纹机织面料，经纬密均为60-70根/cm，经纬纱线的支数为40-60S。
一种夹层热反射面料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S1.将粉煤灰漂珠进行球磨，将球磨的粉煤灰过筛，然后置于稀酸溶液中进行清洗，得到净化后的粉煤灰漂珠；
S2.将净化后的粉煤灰漂珠，加入至氯化铝溶液中，超声波分散后过滤，将粉煤灰漂珠进行高温烧结，得到铝改性粉煤灰漂珠；
S3.将铝改性粉煤灰漂珠加入至纺丝液中，得到静电纺丝液；
S4.以隔热布作为接收板，通过静电纺丝技术，在隔热布的正反两侧静电纺丝附着规定厚度的静电纺丝层。
优选的，所述步骤S1中粉煤灰过筛后8000-10000目。
优选的，所述步骤S2中氯化铝溶液的浓度为0.8-1.0mol/L，在温度为30-50℃下超声分散120-240min。
优选的，所述步骤S2中高温烧结的温度为350-430℃，烧结时间为4-6h。
优选的，所述步骤S3中铝改性粉煤灰漂珠为纺丝液含量的13-24wt％。
有益效果：本发明的具有以下优点：
1、本发明采用机织物与无纺布织物结合的技术，采用三层(无纺布/机织物/无纺布)的结构，使得面料在波长7.775-25um，具有89.5％的反射率，三层材料中均有反射成分，提高面料的反射效率；
2、通过包覆的方法在粉煤灰漂珠外侧包覆一层高光泽的铝薄膜，并改善粉煤灰漂珠在纺丝液中分散性，显著提高热反射效率；
3、为了达到服用性能，又能够满足隔热和力学性能的三重需求，对织物的厚度进行限定，织物能够完全满足隔热需求，同时可以满足人体运动对织物的压迫，拉伸等机械作用。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种夹层热反射面料，包括外层，中间层和里层，所述中间层为隔热布，所述外层和里层为含有反射粒子的静电纺丝层。
优选的，所述外层的厚度为1.0mm，里层的厚度为1.0mm，中间层的厚度为0.8mm，所述隔热布为平纹机织面料，经纬密均为60根/cm，经纬纱线的支数为40S。
优选的，所述隔热布为玻璃纤维布。
一种夹层热反射面料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S1.将粉煤灰漂珠进行球磨，将球磨的粉煤灰过筛，粉煤灰过筛后8000目，然后置于稀酸溶液中进行清洗，得到净化后的粉煤灰漂珠；
S2.将净化后的粉煤灰漂珠，加入至氯化铝溶液中，氯化铝溶液的浓度为0.8mol/L，超声波分散后过滤，在温度为30℃下超声分散240min，将粉煤灰漂珠进行高温烧结，高温烧结的温度为350℃，烧结时间为6h，得到铝改性粉煤灰漂珠；
S3.将铝改性粉煤灰漂珠加入至纺丝液中，铝改性粉煤灰漂珠为纺丝液含量的13wt％，得到静电纺丝液；
S4.以隔热布作为接收板，通过静电纺丝技术，在隔热布的正反两侧静电纺丝附着规定厚度的静电纺丝层。
实施例2
一种夹层热反射面料，包括外层，中间层和里层，所述中间层为隔热布，所述外层和里层为含有反射粒子的静电纺丝层。
优选的，所述外层的厚度为1.2mm，里层的厚度为1.2mm，中间层的厚度为1.0mm，所述隔热布为平纹机织面料，经纬密均为60根/cm，经纬纱线的支数为40S。
优选的，所述隔热布为玄武石纤维布。
一种夹层热反射面料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S1.将粉煤灰漂珠进行球磨，将球磨的粉煤灰过筛，粉煤灰过筛后10000目，然后置于稀酸溶液中进行清洗，得到净化后的粉煤灰漂珠；
S2.将净化后的粉煤灰漂珠，加入至氯化铝溶液中，氯化铝溶液的浓度为1.0mol/L，超声波分散后过滤，在温度为50℃下超声分散120min，将粉煤灰漂珠进行高温烧结，高温烧结的温度为430℃，烧结时间为4h，得到铝改性粉煤灰漂珠；
S3.将铝改性粉煤灰漂珠加入至纺丝液中，铝改性粉煤灰漂珠为纺丝液含量的24wt％，得到静电纺丝液；
S4.以隔热布作为接收板，通过静电纺丝技术，在隔热布的正反两侧静电纺丝附着规定厚度的静电纺丝层。
实施例3
一种夹层热反射面料，包括外层，中间层和里层，所述中间层为隔热布，所述外层和里层为含有反射粒子的静电纺丝层。
优选的，所述外层的厚度为1.0mm，里层的厚度为1.0mm，中间层的厚度为0.9mm，所述隔热布为平纹机织面料，经纬密均为60根/cm，经纬纱线的支数为40S。
优选的，所述隔热布为玻璃纤维布或玄武石纤维布中的任意一种。
一种夹层热反射面料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S1.将粉煤灰漂珠进行球磨，将球磨的粉煤灰过筛，粉煤灰过筛后8500目，然后置于稀酸溶液中进行清洗，得到净化后的粉煤灰漂珠；
S2.将净化后的粉煤灰漂珠，加入至氯化铝溶液中，氯化铝溶液的浓度为0.8mol/L，超声波分散后过滤，在温度为35℃下超声分散160min，将粉煤灰漂珠进行高温烧结，高温烧结的温度为380℃，烧结时间为4h，得到铝改性粉煤灰漂珠；
S3.将铝改性粉煤灰漂珠加入至纺丝液中，铝改性粉煤灰漂珠为纺丝液含量的18wt％，得到静电纺丝液；
S4.以隔热布作为接收板，通过静电纺丝技术，在隔热布的正反两侧静电纺丝附着规定厚度的静电纺丝层。
实施例4
一种夹层热反射面料，包括外层，中间层和里层，所述中间层为隔热布，所述外层和里层为含有反射粒子的静电纺丝层。
优选的，所述外层的厚度为1.2mm，里层的厚度为1.2mm，中间层的厚度为0.9mm，所述隔热布为平纹机织面料，经纬密均为60根/cm，经纬纱线的支数为40S。
优选的，所述隔热布为玄武石纤维布。
一种夹层热反射面料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S1.将粉煤灰漂珠进行球磨，将球磨的粉煤灰过筛，粉煤灰过筛后9000目，然后置于稀酸溶液中进行清洗，得到净化后的粉煤灰漂珠；
S2.将净化后的粉煤灰漂珠，加入至氯化铝溶液中，氯化铝溶液的浓度为1.0mol/L，超声波分散后过滤，在温度为45℃下超声分散200min，将粉煤灰漂珠进行高温烧结，高温烧结的温度为400℃，烧结时间为6h，得到铝改性粉煤灰漂珠；
S3.将铝改性粉煤灰漂珠加入至纺丝液中，铝改性粉煤灰漂珠为纺丝液含量的22wt％，得到静电纺丝液；
S4.以隔热布作为接收板，通过静电纺丝技术，在隔热布的正反两侧静电纺丝附着规定厚度的静电纺丝层。
对比例1
一种夹层热反射面料，包括外层，中间层和里层，所述中间层为隔热布，所述外层和里层为含有反射粒子的静电纺丝层。
优选的，所述外层的厚度为1.2mm，里层的厚度为1.2mm，中间层的厚度为0.9mm，所述隔热布为平纹机织面料，经纬密均为60根/cm，经纬纱线的支数为40S。
优选的，所述隔热布为玻璃纤维布。
一种夹层热反射面料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S1.将粉煤灰漂珠进行球磨，将球磨的粉煤灰过筛，粉煤灰过筛后9000目，然后置于稀酸溶液中进行清洗，得到净化后的粉煤灰漂珠；
S2.将粉煤灰漂珠加入至纺丝液中，粉煤灰漂珠为纺丝液含量的22wt％，得到静电纺丝液；
S3.以隔热布作为接收板，通过静电纺丝技术，在隔热布的正反两侧静电纺丝附着规定厚度的静电纺丝层。
Figure BDA0002828873800000051
在上表中，高温处理为置于200℃环境中60min，从上表中可以看出，外层和里层织物厚度较薄时，在高温条件下，复合织物的力学性能收到较大的影响。
在波长7.775-25um下的平均反射率(％)
实施例1 88.2
实施例2 88.8
实施例3 87.4
实施例4 89.5
对比例1 71.2

Claims (8)

1.一种夹层热反射面料，其特征在于，包括外层，中间层和里层，所述中间层为隔热布，所述外层和里层为含有反射粒子的静电纺丝层。
2.根据权利要求1所述夹层热反射面料，其特征在于：所述外层的厚度为1.0-1.2mm，里层的厚度为1.0-1.2mm，中间层的厚度为0.8-1.0mm。
3.根据权利要求1所述夹层热反射面料，其特征在于：所述隔热布为玻璃纤维布或玄武石纤维布中的任意一种。
4.一种夹层热反射面料的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
S1.将粉煤灰漂珠进行球磨，将球磨的粉煤灰过筛，然后置于稀酸溶液中进行清洗，得到净化后的粉煤灰漂珠；
S2.将净化后的粉煤灰漂珠，加入至氯化铝溶液中，超声波分散后过滤，将粉煤灰漂珠进行高温烧结，得到铝改性粉煤灰漂珠；
S3.将铝改性粉煤灰漂珠加入至纺丝液中，得到静电纺丝液；
S4.以隔热布作为接收板，通过静电纺丝技术，在隔热布的正反两侧静电纺丝附着规定厚度的静电纺丝层。
5.根据权利要求1所述夹层热反射面料的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤S1中粉煤灰过筛后8000-10000目。
6.根据权利要求1所述夹层热反射面料的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤S2中氯化铝溶液的浓度为0.8-1.0mol/L，在温度为30-50℃下超声分散120-240min。
7.根据权利要求1所述夹层热反射面料的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤S2中高温烧结的温度为350-430℃，烧结时间为4-6h。
8.根据权利要求1所述夹层热反射面料的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤S3中铝改性粉煤灰漂珠为纺丝液含量的13-24wt％。
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