CN112609053A - Ultrasonic rolling strengthening device and system based on jet flow assistance - Google Patents
Ultrasonic rolling strengthening device and system based on jet flow assistance Download PDFInfo
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- CN112609053A CN112609053A CN202011460246.9A CN202011460246A CN112609053A CN 112609053 A CN112609053 A CN 112609053A CN 202011460246 A CN202011460246 A CN 202011460246A CN 112609053 A CN112609053 A CN 112609053A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D7/00—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation
- C21D7/02—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working
- C21D7/04—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working of the surface
- C21D7/06—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working of the surface by shot-peening or the like
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
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Abstract
The invention relates to an ultrasonic rolling strengthening device and system based on jet flow assistance, wherein the ultrasonic rolling strengthening device based on jet flow assistance comprises an outer sleeve and a curve retaining shell which are hollow inside and are axially connected; an amplitude transformer, a bent top cap and a rolling ball which are connected in sequence are arranged in the inner cavities of the outer sleeve and the curve retaining shell, the bent top cap is in clearance fit with the curve retaining shell, and the rolling ball partially extends out of the curve retaining shell; and the bent top cap is provided with a jet flow channel which is axially communicated with the bent top cap. According to the ultrasonic rolling strengthening device and system based on jet flow assistance, the jet flow channel is arranged on the bent top cap, and jet flows of different media are introduced into the jet flow channel, so that lubrication in the ultrasonic rolling strengthening process is realized, the output of the amplitude transformer is inhibited or enhanced, and the surface strengthening quality and effect are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of material surface strengthening, in particular to an ultrasonic rolling strengthening device and system based on jet flow assistance.
Background
Advanced materials and manufacturing processes are one of key technologies for realizing weight reduction, efficiency improvement and performance improvement of the aero-engine. In the improvement of the performance of the new generation of aircraft engine, the contribution rate of the manufacturing technology and materials is 50-70%, and in the contribution rate of weight reduction, the contribution rate of the manufacturing technology and materials accounts for 70-80%, which fully shows that the materials and the manufacturing process are key technologies for restricting the development of the new generation of aircraft engine. However, the high temperature alloy for the turbine disk belongs to a typical difficult-to-machine material, and the high hardness and toughness and the low thermal conductivity of the high temperature alloy cause large residual stress and microstructure evolution of the surface and the sub-surface in the machining process. Uncertainty in the surface processing quality, particularly material non-uniformity due to surface microstructure evolution, may directly affect the service behavior, damage and even crack propagation of the turbine disk, and thus, the fatigue life of the turbine disk needs to be improved by surface strengthening.
The surface strengthening is a process for changing the material performance by introducing deformation on the surface of the material and further changing the microstructure of the surface layer of the material. Because the surfaces of mechanical components are often subjected to the greatest stresses and are in direct contact with various media during service, failure of the mechanical component often begins at the component surface. If a layer of residual stress can be introduced on the surface of the mechanical component to neutralize the stress born by the surface, simultaneously improve the surface hardness of the mechanical component, reduce the surface roughness, improve the microstructure of the surface layer and the like, the fatigue property and the wear resistance of the mechanical component can be improved, thereby widening the application range of the material. The surface mechanical treatment includes many kinds, and is commonly known as shot blasting, laser shock peening, low plasticity polishing, surface rolling and the like.
The traditional shot blasting has poor controllability and poor surface quality after strengthening; laser shock peening belongs to a high energy consumption shock method, and the surface after shock peening is better than the traditional shot peening, but the surface quality still cannot meet the requirement; the low-plasticity polishing can greatly improve the surface quality, but the residual compressive stress of the surface layer is smaller; the traditional surface rolling can generate certain residual compressive stress on the surface layer, but the depth of the residual compressive stress is smaller.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an ultrasonic rolling strengthening device and system based on jet flow assistance, which are used for improving the surface quality of a material after surface strengthening and the depth of a residual pressure stress layer.
The invention provides an ultrasonic rolling strengthening device based on jet flow assistance, which comprises:
an outer sleeve and a curved retaining shell which are hollow inside and are connected along the axial direction;
an amplitude transformer, a bent top cap and a rolling ball which are connected in sequence are arranged in the inner cavities of the outer sleeve and the curve retaining shell, the bent top cap is in clearance fit with the curve retaining shell, and the rolling ball partially extends out of the curve retaining shell;
and the bent top cap is provided with a jet flow channel which is axially communicated with the bent top cap.
Further, one end of the curved top cap is provided with a receiving groove, and the rolling ball is mounted in the receiving groove.
Further, the fluidic channel includes a plurality of fluidic channels that are located at the center and the sides of the curved top cap, respectively.
Further, the curved retaining shell and the curved top cap are connected by bolt fastening.
The invention provides an ultrasonic rolling strengthening system based on jet flow assistance, which comprises: the ultrasonic rolling strengthening device is fixed on the machine tool, and the control system is respectively connected with the machine tool and the medium memory.
Further, a heater and a plurality of partitioned storage chambers are arranged in the medium storage, and the storage chambers are communicated with the jet flow channel.
Further, a seal is provided between adjacent storage chambers.
Further, the storage cavity is provided with an outlet, an injection pump is arranged at the outlet, and the control system is connected with the injection pump.
Further, an electromagnetic valve is arranged at the outlet, and the control system is connected with the electromagnetic valve.
Further, the control system is a computer or a programmable logic controller.
According to the ultrasonic rolling strengthening device and the ultrasonic rolling strengthening system based on jet flow assistance, the jet flow channel is arranged on the bent top cap, and jet flows of different media are introduced into the jet flow channel, so that lubrication in the ultrasonic rolling strengthening process is realized, the output of the amplitude transformer is inhibited or enhanced, after the amplitude transformer generates a vibration signal, the vibration signal is transmitted to the ball, an excitation force and a static pressure are generated, further, the surface is subjected to plastic deformation, the depth of a residual compressive stress layer is deepened, and the rolling of the ball can also improve the surface quality, so that the surface strengthening quality and effect are improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an ultrasonic rolling reinforcement device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of the device of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a curved retainer segment of an ultrasonic roll-strengthening apparatus provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a front view of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a view from the direction B of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a system configuration diagram of an ultrasonic roll-peening system provided in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention;
FIGS. 7a to 7e are respectively the surface morphology of the material obtained after the reinforcement by adopting the cast lubrication, oil lubrication, water lubrication, oil-water lubrication and oil-gas lubrication;
fig. 8 is a bar graph of the maximum residual stress of the surface obtained after strengthening with the different jet patterns of fig. 7 a-7 e.
Reference numerals:
1-an outer sleeve;
11-connecting channels;
2-an amplitude transformer;
3-a bolt;
4-bending the top cap;
5-a curve retention shell;
51-arc segment;
52-a circular table section;
6-rolling the ball;
10-ultrasonic rolling strengthening device;
20-a control system;
30-a machine tool;
40-media storage.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example one
As shown in FIG. 1, the embodiment of the invention provides an ultrasonic rolling strengthening device 10 based on jet flow assistance, which comprises an outer sleeve 1 and a curvilinear retaining shell 5 which are connected in an axial direction, wherein the outer sleeve 1 and the curvilinear retaining shell 5 are connected through a flange 8. The curve retaining shell 5 includes a circular arc section 51 having the same diameter as the outer sleeve 1 and a tapered circular truncated cone section 52, and the rolling ball 6 is exposed in a distal end opening of the circular truncated cone section 52. Fig. 2 shows the internal structure of the ultrasonic roll-strengthening device 10 of the present invention, wherein the outer sleeve 1 has a hollow inner cavity, a horn 2 is arranged in the hollow inner cavity, the horn 2 is fixedly connected with a curved top cap 4, and the curved top cap 4 is in clearance fit with the inner cavity of the curved holding shell 5. The free end of the curved top cap 4 contains and pushes a rolling ball 6, so that the rolling ball 6 extends out of the clamped part of the curve retaining shell 5 to roll and reinforce the surface of the processed workpiece. The curved top cap 4 is also provided with a jet flow channel 7 which axially penetrates through the curved top cap 4 and is used for applying air flow and/or liquid flow with certain pressure, so that the output of the amplitude transformer 2 can be inhibited or enhanced while lubrication is realized, for example, the jet flow channel and the pressure of the air flow can be reduced, and the jet flow channel and the pressure of the air flow can be increased, so that the surface strengthening quality and effect are improved. The inner cavity of the outer sleeve 1 is provided with a connecting channel 11, and the connecting channel 11 is communicated with the jet flow channel 7 and is used for introducing air flow and/or liquid flow into the jet flow channel 7.
The outer sleeve 1 and the curve retainer 5 can be fixedly connected with the flanges of the outer sleeve 1 and the curve retainer 5 through bolts 3, the outer sleeve 1 is used as a protective shell of the amplitude transformer 2 and is mainly used for protecting the amplitude transformer 2, the curve retainer 5 is mainly used for controlling the overall angle of the processing device, and therefore ultrasonic rolling reinforcement of a discontinuous curved surface is achieved, the shape of the curve retainer 5 is obtained through optimization calculation, the overall angle of the processing device is optimal, and the processing effect is better.
Specifically, the curved top hat 4 is mainly used for fixing and adjusting the rolling ball 6, and a receiving groove matched with the rolling ball 6 can be arranged on the curved top hat, the rolling ball 6 is arranged in the receiving groove and can freely roll in the receiving groove, one part of the rolling ball 6 is arranged in the receiving groove, the other part of the rolling ball 6 extends out of the receiving groove and cannot be separated from the receiving groove under the limitation of the opening at the top end of the curve retaining shell 5.
The jet flow channel 7 is used for introducing air flow or liquid flow with certain pressure, wherein the amplitude of the ultrasonically rolled ball is adjusted through adjusting the pressure of the air flow, the liquid flow mainly plays a role in realizing lubrication, and the amplitude and the frequency of the ultrasonically rolled ball can also be adjusted through increasing the synergistic effect of the liquid flow pressure and the air flow pressure.
The jet flow channel 7 can be set to be 1 or more, when the jet flow channel is set to be 1, the jet flow channel is positioned at the central line of the bent top cap 4, in the ultrasonic rolling strengthening process, air flow or liquid flow with certain pressure can be introduced into the jet flow channel 7, the air flow and the liquid flow are sprayed out along with the rotation of the rolling ball 6, and due to the fact that the air-liquid two-phase coupling forms turbulent flow, on one hand, the rolling ball 6 can vibrate, on the other hand, the liquid flow can flow to the surface of a processed workpiece, and therefore the lubricating and cooling effects are achieved.
In practical application, a single liquid or gas medium can be selected as the lubrication according to requirements, or a combination of multiple media can be selected as the lubrication, for example, a combination of gas and liquid, a combination of gas and gas, or a combination of liquid and liquid, etc., when the number of the jet flow channels 7 is 1, multiple gas or liquid media are all jetted through the central jet flow channel 7, so as to realize gas/liquid jet flow coupling.
As shown in fig. 3-5, when there are a plurality of fluidic channels 7, one of them is located at the center line of the curved top cap 4, and the rest is adjacent to the curved top cap 4 and can be uniformly arranged around the center line of the curved top cap 4, so that different media can be jetted by using different fluidic channels, for example, when the gas-liquid dual-media lubrication is adopted, the middle fluidic channel can be used as a gas flow channel, the peripheral fluidic channel can be used as a liquid flow channel, and gas flow and liquid flow with certain pressure and speed are respectively introduced into different fluidic channels 7, thereby realizing the gas/liquid jet coupling effect. The plurality of fluidic channels can realize suppression and enhancement of amplitude by jetting different fluidic channels, and can realize polarization, i.e. elliptical vibration, of the ball.
The gaseous medium may be air and the liquid medium may be water, oil, emulsion, etc.
According to the ultrasonic rolling strengthening device based on jet flow assistance provided by the embodiment of the invention, the jet flow channel 7 is arranged on the bent top cap 6, and jet flows of different media are introduced into the jet flow channel 7, so that lubrication in the ultrasonic rolling strengthening process is realized, the output of the amplitude transformer 2 is inhibited or enhanced, and the surface strengthening quality and effect are improved.
Example two
As shown in fig. 6, the present embodiment provides an ultrasonic rolling strengthening system based on jet flow assistance, which includes a medium storage 40, a machine tool 30, a control system 20, and the ultrasonic rolling strengthening device 10 described in the first embodiment, wherein the medium storage 40 is communicated with a connecting channel 11 of the ultrasonic rolling strengthening device 10 through a connecting pipe or the like, so as to be communicated with the jet flow channel 7, and is used for introducing a jet flow with a certain pressure and speed into the jet flow channel 7; the ultrasonic rolling strengthening device 10 is fixed on a machine tool 30, and the machine tool 30 provides motive power for the ultrasonic rolling strengthening device 10 and drives the ultrasonic rolling strengthening device 10 to move freely so as to realize the processing of the surface of a processed workpiece; the control system 20 is connected to the machine tool 30 and the medium storage 40 respectively, and is used for controlling the type of the jet flow and the pressure and the speed of the jet flow, and controlling the movement of the ultrasonic rolling and strengthening device 10 by controlling the machine tool 30.
The machine tool 30 is provided with components such as an ultrasonic generator, an energy converter, a power supply and the like, the amplitude transformer 2 of the ultrasonic rolling device 10 is sequentially connected with the energy converter and the ultrasonic generator, high-frequency alternating current transmitted by the ultrasonic generator is converted into mechanical vibration through the energy converter, the mechanical vibration is amplified through the amplitude transformer 2 and then transmitted to the rolling ball 6, and then the rolling ball 6 rolls the surface of a processed workpiece. The control system 10 can control the magnitude of the rolling force of the rolling ball 6 by controlling the frequency of the ultrasonic generator.
The medium reservoir 40 is provided with a heater for heating the cooling gas or liquid in the storage chambers and a plurality of separated storage chambers, and each storage chamber is respectively communicated with the jet flow channel 7 in the ultrasonic rolling and strengthening device 10, for example, can be communicated through a connecting pipe for injecting different lubricating media.
The medium storage 40 may further be provided with a jet pump and the like for controlling the pressure and speed of the jet flow to the jet flow channel 7, the jet pump may be provided at the outlet of each storage chamber, and each outlet may be further provided with an electromagnetic valve, and the type of the ejected medium may be controlled by the switch of the electromagnetic valve. The control system 20 is connected with the jet pump and the electromagnetic valve respectively, so as to realize the control of the jet medium and the pressure and the speed thereof.
A seal, such as a gasket or the like, is provided between adjacent storage chambers to prevent mixing of different gases or liquids.
The control system 20 may be a computer or a programmable logic controller, which has a human-computer interface, and can input a set program through the human-computer interface to automatically control the ultrasonic rolling and strengthening system, so that the use is more convenient and the efficiency is higher.
The application method of the ultrasonic rolling and strengthening system based on jet flow assistance in the embodiment is as follows: firstly, turning on an ultrasonic generator to provide motive power for the ultrasonic rolling strengthening device 10; secondly, vibrating the rolling ball 6 through the amplitude transformer 2; thirdly, the control system 10 controls the gas or liquid in the medium storage 40 to be introduced into the jet flow channel 7 at a certain pressure or speed according to the requirement, and inhibits or enhances the output of the amplitude transformer 2 while realizing lubrication, thereby completing the surface strengthening of the processed workpiece. During the strengthening process, the control system 20 controls the machine tool 30 to drive the ultrasonic rolling strengthening device 10 to move according to a preset processing track.
The system in the embodiment can realize single liquid or gas medium jet lubrication or multi-medium jet lubrication. Under the condition of single liquid or gas medium jet lubrication, during unidirectional ultrasonic rolling reinforcement, one liquid or gas medium is selected from the medium storage 40, and then the pressure and the speed of jet flow are controlled by a control system to enable the jet flow to be ejected from the central jet flow channel 7; during elliptical ultrasonic rolling reinforcement, liquid or gas is ejected from the jet flow channels 7 at the center and the sides at the same time, normal loading is still realized by the jet flow in the middle, normal amplitude can be realized, transverse and normal simultaneous loading can be realized during lateral jet flow, and elliptical track vibration is formed through transverse and normal coupling, so that elliptical ultrasonic rolling reinforcement is realized.
In the case of multi-medium jet lubrication, taking a dual medium as an example, three jet modes can be provided: liquid-liquid, gas-liquid or gas-gas. When liquid-liquid combination is carried out, two liquid lubricating media are randomly selected, and when unidirectional ultrasonic rolling reinforcement is carried out, two liquid flows are controlled to be ejected from the central jet flow channel 7 through the control system 20, so that unidirectional ultrasonic rolling reinforcement is completed; during the elliptical ultrasonic rolling strengthening, the control system 20 controls two liquid flows to be respectively ejected from the jet flow channels 7 at the center and the sides, so that the elliptical ultrasonic rolling strengthening is completed. The processing method for gas-liquid or gas-gas combination is similar to that for liquid-liquid combination, and only the medium needs to be replaced correspondingly, which is not described herein again.
Because any two liquid or gas media have different physical properties, the liquid-liquid combination can be divided into the following components by arranging according to the positions of the jet flow channels 7 into which different media are introduced: liquid a (central jet channel) -liquid b (lateral jet channel), liquid a (lateral jet channel), liquid b (central jet channel). Likewise, gas-gas and gas-liquid combinations have similar classifications.
In the following, an ultrasonic rolling strengthening experimental scheme based on different lubrication processes is prepared by taking 7a09 aluminum alloy as a research object to illustrate the strengthening effect of the ultrasonic rolling strengthening device and system of the embodiment, and the ultrasonic rolling experimental scheme is shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
As shown in fig. 7a to 7e, it can be found from the experimental results of the surface topography that the ultrasonic rolling strengthening device and the ultrasonic rolling strengthening system based on jet assistance provided by the embodiment of the present invention are used for performing ultrasonic rolling strengthening of the surface, and particularly, the ultrasonic rolling effect of the surface under the gas-liquid coupling effect is significant, so that the surface roughness is greatly reduced, and the surface quality is improved.
As shown in FIG. 8, the maximum compressive stress values of the surface after the strengthening using the embodiments 1 to 5 are shown. Through the experimental result of the residual compressive stress on the surface, the ultrasonic rolling strengthening device and the ultrasonic rolling strengthening system based on jet flow assistance provided by the embodiment of the invention are adopted to carry out surface ultrasonic rolling strengthening, and the exciting force is increased and the plastic deformation is increased through the coupling action of gas and liquid, so that the larger residual compressive stress and layer depth are generated, and the fatigue life is further prolonged. Wherein the residual compressive stress value is about-952 MPa and the depth of layer is about 300 um.
The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, which are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and various changes may be made in the above embodiments of the present invention. All simple and equivalent changes and modifications made according to the claims and the content of the specification of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present patent application. The invention has not been described in detail in order to avoid obscuring the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The ultrasonic rolling strengthening device based on jet flow assistance is characterized by comprising an outer sleeve and a curve retaining shell, wherein the outer sleeve and the curve retaining shell are hollow inside and are connected in the axial direction;
an amplitude transformer, a bent top cap and a rolling ball which are connected in sequence are arranged in the inner cavities of the outer sleeve and the curve retaining shell, the bent top cap is in clearance fit with the curve retaining shell, and the rolling ball partially extends out of the curve retaining shell;
and the bent top cap is provided with a jet flow channel which is axially communicated with the bent top cap.
2. The ultrasonic roll-strengthening device of claim 1, wherein one end of the curved top cap is provided with a receiving groove, and the rolling balls are mounted in the receiving groove.
3. The ultrasonic roll-peening apparatus of claim 1, wherein the fluidic channel comprises a plurality of fluidic channels, the fluidic channels being located at the center and the sides of the curved top hat, respectively.
4. The ultrasonic roll-peening apparatus of claim 1, wherein the curved retaining shell and curved top hat are connected by bolting.
5. An ultrasonic roll-strengthening system based on jet flow assistance, which is characterized by comprising a medium storage, a machine tool, a control system and the ultrasonic roll-strengthening device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the medium storage is communicated with the jet flow channel, the ultrasonic roll-strengthening device is fixed on the machine tool, and the control system is respectively connected with the machine tool and the medium storage.
6. The ultrasonic roll-peening system of claim 5 wherein a heater and a plurality of spaced reservoir chambers are disposed in the media reservoir, the reservoir chambers being in communication with the fluidic channel.
7. The ultrasonic roll-peening system of claim 6, wherein a seal is disposed between adjacent reservoir chambers.
8. The ultrasonic roll-peening system of claim 6, wherein the reservoir has an outlet with a jet pump disposed therein, and the control system is coupled to the jet pump.
9. The ultrasonic roll-peening system of claim 8, wherein a solenoid valve is disposed at the outlet, and the control system is connected to the solenoid valve.
10. The ultrasonic roll-peening system of claim 5, wherein the control system is a computer or programmable logic controller.
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| US20090014551A1 (en) * | 2007-07-13 | 2009-01-15 | Bacoustics Llc | Ultrasound pumping apparatus |
| US20130104615A1 (en) * | 2011-04-20 | 2013-05-02 | Thomas J. Butler | Method and apparatus for peening with liquid propelled shot |
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