CN112609029A - Method for smelting medium coke in high-proportion use of large bell-less blast furnace - Google Patents
Method for smelting medium coke in high-proportion use of large bell-less blast furnace Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of ferrous metallurgy, in particular to a method for smelting medium coke in a large bell-less blast furnace at a high proportion. The method for distributing the small coke is provided to avoid the middle coke from being distributed into the center of the blast furnace, and the method for improving the damping-down material structure is provided after a large amount of middle coke is used, and the method for equally distributing the load and adding the coke in the center is adopted to guide the central airflow to develop and quickly recover; a method for properly increasing the edge load and carrying out heavy smelting in large batches is provided, so that the edge airflow development is inhibited; the method has the advantages of strengthening the tapping organization in front of the furnace, standardizing the mud beating amount, stabilizing the depth of the tap hole and ensuring the tapping effective time. When the lump coke is used in high proportion for production, the measures can successfully avoid the influence of the middle lump coke distributed into the center of the blast furnace on the quality of the coke of the furnace core under the condition of not reducing the coke load, ensure that the blast furnace can be quickly recovered after damping down, stabilize the edge gas flow in daily operation and develop the central gas flow, be beneficial to activating the furnace hearth and ensure the long-term stable and smooth running of the blast furnace.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ferrous metallurgy, in particular to a method for smelting medium coke in a large bell-less blast furnace at a high proportion.
Background
In the field of metallurgical coke, the granularity of large coke is generally 40-60mm, the granularity of medium coke is generally 20-40mm, the proportion of the large coke in the normal production of a large blast furnace is generally about 12%, and the large blast furnace is produced in a high proportion when the proportion exceeds 20%; due to insufficient coking capacity, the blast furnace starts to use a large amount of floor medium coke for production, the medium coke ratio reaches up to 110Kg/t and accounts for 31.4 percent of coke ratio in the furnace, when the medium coke ratio is increased to 70Kg/tFe, the blast furnace moves forwards with slight changes, the air volume begins to shrink, the air pressure rises and the stability becomes poor, the air permeability is reduced, the forward state becomes poor, and the phenomenon of air removal temperature in operation is increased.
CN201510350095.4 discloses a blast furnace coke distribution method, which divides blast furnace coke into a plurality of groups, wherein the blast furnace coke consists of large coke and medium coke; each group is composed of large coke or a combination of 'medium coke + large coke', and the large coke group is arranged in the center of the blast furnace. The method does not thoroughly avoid the middle coke from being distributed in the center of the blast furnace, and does not provide a smelting method for the middle coke with a high proportion in use on the front, and actually the middle coke and the large coke are distributed in the same batch by adopting the same system.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the method for smelting the lump coke in the blast furnace of the large bell-less blast furnace in the high proportion eliminates the adverse effect caused by the lump coke in the high proportion and realizes the long-term stable and smooth running of the blast furnace.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for smelting medium coke in a large bell-less blast furnace at a high ratio specifically comprises the following steps:
1) and (3) distributing small coke to avoid the middle coke from being distributed in the center of the blast furnace: feeding large coke, medium coke and small coke into a furnace in batches, wherein only one small coke is fed in one feeding period, the first batch is the medium coke and the second batch is the small coke in the period, then, the ore coke is fed alternately, the medium coke batch is made into cloth by using a non-central coke feeding material, and the small coke is independently and directly distributed into the center; the large coke is distributed by adopting a material with a central coke feeding function, and the coke which is prepared by adopting three different materials and has different weights is turned over by using different material lines, and is fed in a reciprocating mode according to a period;
the batch weight calculation principle of each coke batch is as follows: firstly, the difference between the batch weight of the medium coke batch and the batch weight of the large coke batch cannot exceed 20 percent; arranging 1 or 2 middle block batches in a feeding period; the medium coke ratio and the large coke ratio are consistent with the inner coke ratio of the material sheet in a feeding period; fourthly, taking an even number from the total batches in the period, and not counting the total batches of the small cokes;
let SInFor the number of blocks in each cycle, SGeneral assemblyIs the total batch number of ore coke in each period, SBig (a)Number of large coke batches per cycle, PInFor medium block weight, PBig (a)Is a large batch of weight, PTSmall coke batch weight, QBatch ofThe iron content of each batch of ore, a is the ratio of the central coke content in a central coke feeding system, KInIs the medium coke ratio, KBig (a)For the bulk coke ratio, the batch weights for each type of coke were calculated as follows:
①、Pin＝KIn×QBatch of×SGeneral assembly÷2÷SIn÷1000
②、PBig (a)＝(KBig (a)×QBatch of×SGeneral assembly÷2÷1000-PSmall)÷SBig (a)
③、PSmall＝PIn×SIn×a
④、SGeneral assembly＝(SIn+SBig (a))×2；
2) After small coke distribution is adopted, the medium coke distributed at the edge of the furnace throat is increased, in order to keep the edge airflow stable, the edge coke load is properly increased, the ore distribution turn number can be increased at the outermost ring or the outermost ring angle of the coke is reduced, the ore batch is controlled above a critical value, and the average thickness of the ore at the furnace throat is 10% -12% of the diameter of the furnace throat.
3) In daily operation, long-term low furnace temperature is avoided, the level of 0.4-0.6% of molten iron [ si ] is kept, the wind pressure does not exceed 430Kpa, and the differential pressure does not exceed 190 Kpa.
4) Aiming at the problems of the taphole, the tapping structure is strengthened in front of the furnace, the anhydrous stemming which is more resistant to splashing is used, the mud beating amount is stabilized, the taphole depth is ensured to be 3.3-3.6 m, the drill bit is properly reduced, and the effective tapping time is not less than 22.5 h.
5) When the medium coke is produced in a high proportion, the damping down material is subjected to load sharing and central tank coke adding, namely, the tank coke amount to be added by the damping down material is averagely divided into each batch of coke, the damping down material load is reduced in a mode of improving the coke ratio in the furnace, and the damping down material is intensively distributed into the center of the blast furnace in a certain amount of coke form 4-5 hours before damping down.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention relates to a coke distributing method giving consideration to central and edge airflows, which creatively utilizes the difference of different parts of a blast furnace on the coke particle level requirements, distributes a large amount of large coke on the central part of the blast furnace to play a role in improving the central airflow, distributes a large amount of medium coke on the edge of the blast furnace to play a role in improving the chemical reaction conditions in the blast furnace, distributes a small amount of large coke on the edge of the blast furnace to play a role in improving the edge airflow on the upper part of the blast furnace and plays a role in improving the air permeability and the liquid permeability of a hearth of the blast furnace after the large coke enters a hearth on the lower part of the blast furnace.
Aiming at the problem that a large amount of medium coke is distributed in the center of a blast furnace, a method for distributing small coke is provided to avoid the medium coke from being distributed in the center of the blast furnace, and aiming at the problem that after a large amount of medium coke is used, the air supply recovery of the blast furnace is often overtime after the blast furnace is shut down, a structure of the shut down material is improved, and a method for equally distributing load and adding coke in a tank at the center is adopted to guide the development of central air flow and quickly recover; aiming at the conditions that the fluctuation of edge airflow and the instability of heat load occur after the increase of the middle blocks at the edge, a method for properly increasing the edge load and performing batch heavy smelting is provided to inhibit the development of the edge airflow; aiming at the problem of iron notch appearance caused by reduction of permeability and liquid permeability of furnace core coke, the method strengthens the iron tapping structure in front of the furnace, standardizes the mud beating amount, stabilizes the depth of the iron notch and ensures the effective iron tapping time; when the lump coke is used in high proportion for production, the measures can successfully avoid the influence of the middle lump coke distributed into the center of the blast furnace on the quality of the coke of the furnace core under the condition of not reducing the coke load, ensure that the blast furnace can be quickly recovered after damping down, stabilize the edge gas flow in daily operation and develop the central gas flow, be beneficial to activating the furnace hearth and ensure the long-term stable and smooth running of the blast furnace.
The invention can avoid the middle coke from being distributed in the center of the blast furnace, eliminate the adverse effect of the middle coke on the production of the blast furnace in high-proportion use, is beneficial to activating the hearth and realizes that the long-term stable smooth operation of the blast furnace is still kept under the condition that the middle coke is used in high-proportion use.
Detailed Description
The invention discloses a method for smelting medium coke in a large bell-less blast furnace at a high proportion. Those skilled in the art can modify the process parameters appropriately to achieve the desired results with reference to the disclosure herein. It is expressly intended that all such similar substitutes and modifications which would be obvious to one skilled in the art are deemed to be included in the invention. While the methods and applications of this invention have been described in terms of preferred embodiments, it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that variations and modifications in the methods and applications described herein, as well as other suitable variations and combinations, may be made to implement and use the techniques of this invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Example 1:
when the blast furnace uses 270Kg/t of large coke ratio and 80Kg/t of medium coke ratio (the medium coke ratio accounts for 22.8 percent of coke ratio in the furnace) and 58.60t of batch iron is smelted, the concrete countermeasures are as follows:
1. small coke distribution parameter selection (S)InFor the number of blocks in each cycle, SGeneral assemblyIs the total batch number of ore coke in each period, SBig (a)Number of large coke batches per cycle, PInFor medium block weight, PBig (a)Is a large batch of weight, PTSmall coke batch weight, QBatch ofThe iron content of each batch of ore, a is the central coke ratio, KInIs the medium coke ratio, KBig (a)Bulk coke ratio):
firstly, taking SIn＝1，SGeneral assemblyWhen the value is 8 (even number, not including small coke batch), then SBig (a)＝8÷2-1＝3；
②、PIn＝KIn×QBatch of×SGeneral assembly÷2÷SIn1000 ÷ 80 × 58.60 × 8 ÷ 2 ÷ 1 ÷ 1000 ÷ 18.76 t/batch.
③、PBig (a)＝(KBig (a)×QBatch of×SGeneral assembly÷2÷1000-PT)÷SBig (a)(270 × 58.60 × 8 ÷ 2 ÷ 1000-5.6) ÷ 3 ═ 19.23 t/batch.
④、PT＝PIn×SInX a, a is 30%, then PT18.76 × 1 × 30% ═ 5.6 t/batch.
The single-period material distribution pointer is shown in table 1 (continuous feeding means cyclic feeding according to the period):
TABLE 1 monocycle cloth pointer
| Period of time | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |
| Seed of material | CSmall coke | CMiddle block | OMine | CBig block | OMine | CBig block | OMine | CBig block | OMine |
The cloth system is as shown in the following table 2 (the cloth angle and the number of turns in the following table can be selected by self):
TABLE 2 cloth system
2. Increasing the number of turns of distribution of the outermost ring of the ore or reducing the angle of the outermost ring of the coke, wherein the ore batch is controlled above a critical value, and the average thickness of the ore at the furnace throat is 10-12% of the diameter of the furnace throat.
3. In daily operation, long-term low furnace temperature is avoided, and molten iron is kepti]0.4-0.6%, wind pressure not more than 430Kpa, and differential pressure not more than 190 Kpa.
4. Aiming at the problems of the taphole, the tapping structure is strengthened in front of the furnace, the anhydrous stemming which is more resistant to splashing is used, the mud beating amount is stabilized, the taphole depth is ensured to be 3.3-3.6 m, the drill bit is properly reduced, and the effective tapping time is not less than 22.5 h.
5. When the medium coke is produced in a high proportion, the damping down material is subjected to load sharing and central tank coke adding, namely, the tank coke amount to be added to the damping down material is averagely divided into each batch of coke, the damping down material load is reduced in a mode of improving the charging coke ratio by 15Kg/t, and the damping down material is intensively distributed into the center of the blast furnace in a tank coke mode 4-5 hours before damping down.
Example 2:
when the blast furnace uses 250Kg/t of large coke ratio, 100Kg/t of medium coke ratio (the medium coke ratio accounts for 28.6% of the coke ratio in the furnace) and 58.60t of batch iron are smelted, the concrete countermeasures are as follows:
1. small coke distribution parameter selection (S)InFor the number of blocks in each cycle, SGeneral assemblyIs the total batch number of ore coke in each period, SBig (a)Number of large coke batches per cycle, PInFor medium block weight, PBig (a)Is a large batch of weight, PTSmall coke batch weight, QBatch ofThe iron content of each batch of ore, a is the central coke ratio, KInIs the medium coke ratio, KBig (a)Bulk coke ratio):
firstly, taking SIn＝1，SGeneral assemblyWhen the value is 6 (even number), SBig (a)＝6÷2-1＝2；
②、PIn＝KIn×QBatch of×SGeneral assembly÷2÷SIn1000 ÷ 100 × 58.60 × 6 ÷ 2 ÷ 1 ÷ 1000 ÷ 17.58 t/batch.
③、PBig (a)＝(KBig (a)×QBatch of×SGeneral assembly÷2÷1000-PT)÷SBig (a)(250 × 58.60 × 8 ÷ 2 ÷ 1000-5.2) ÷ 2 ═ 19.38 t/batch.
④、PT＝PIn×SInX a, a is 30%, then PT17.58 × 1 × 30% ═ 5.2 t/batch.
The material distribution pointer of the single period is shown in table 3 (continuous feeding means cyclic feeding according to the period):
TABLE 3 monocycle cloth pointer
| Period of time | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| Seed of material | CSmall coke | CMiddle block | OMine | CBig block | OMine | CBig block | OMine |
The cloth system is shown in table 4 (the cloth angle and the number of turns in the table can be selected):
TABLE 4 cloth system
2. Increasing the number of turns of distribution of the outermost ring of the ore or reducing the angle of the outermost ring of the coke, wherein the ore batch is controlled above a critical value, and the average thickness of the ore at the furnace throat is 10-12% of the diameter of the furnace throat.
3. In daily operation, long-term low furnace temperature is avoided, and molten iron is kepti]0.4-0.6%, wind pressure not more than 430Kpa, and differential pressure not more than 190 Kpa.
4. Aiming at the problems of the taphole, the tapping structure is strengthened in front of the furnace, the anhydrous stemming which is more resistant to splashing is used, the mud beating amount is stabilized, the taphole depth is ensured to be 3.3-3.6 m, the drill bit is properly reduced, and the effective tapping time is not less than 22.5 h.
5. When the medium coke is produced in a high proportion, the damping down material is subjected to load sharing and central tank coke adding, namely, the tank coke amount to be added to the damping down material is averagely divided into each batch of coke, the damping down material load is reduced in a mode of improving the charging coke ratio by 20Kg/t, and the damping down material is intensively distributed into the center of the blast furnace in a tank coke mode 4-5 hours before damping down.
The invention relates to a coke distributing method giving consideration to central and edge airflows, which creatively utilizes the difference of different parts of a blast furnace on the coke particle level requirements, distributes a large amount of large coke on the central part of the blast furnace to play a role in improving the central airflow, distributes a large amount of medium coke on the edge of the blast furnace to play a role in improving the chemical reaction conditions in the blast furnace, distributes a small amount of large coke on the edge of the blast furnace to play a role in improving the edge airflow on the upper part of the blast furnace and plays a role in improving the air permeability and the liquid permeability of a hearth of the blast furnace after the large coke enters a hearth on the lower part of the blast furnace.
Aiming at the problem that a large amount of medium coke is distributed in the center of a blast furnace, a method for distributing small coke is provided to avoid the medium coke from being distributed in the center of the blast furnace, and aiming at the problem that after a large amount of medium coke is used, the air supply recovery of the blast furnace is often overtime after the blast furnace is shut down, a structure of the shut down material is improved, and a method for equally distributing load and adding coke in a tank at the center is adopted to guide the development of central air flow and quickly recover; aiming at the conditions that the fluctuation of edge airflow and the instability of heat load occur after the increase of the middle blocks at the edge, a method for properly increasing the edge load and performing batch heavy smelting is provided to inhibit the development of the edge airflow; aiming at the problem of iron notch appearance caused by reduction of permeability and liquid permeability of furnace core coke, the method strengthens the iron tapping structure in front of the furnace, standardizes the mud beating amount, stabilizes the depth of the iron notch and ensures the effective iron tapping time; when the lump coke is used in high proportion for production, the measures can successfully avoid the influence of the middle lump coke distributed into the center of the blast furnace on the quality of the coke of the furnace core under the condition of not reducing the coke load, ensure that the blast furnace can be quickly recovered after damping down, stabilize the edge gas flow in daily operation and develop the central gas flow, be beneficial to activating the furnace hearth and ensure the long-term stable and smooth running of the blast furnace.
The invention can avoid the middle coke from being distributed in the center of the blast furnace, eliminate the adverse effect of the middle coke on the production of the blast furnace in high-proportion use, is beneficial to activating the hearth and realizes that the long-term stable smooth operation of the blast furnace is still kept under the condition that the middle coke is used in high-proportion use.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A method for smelting lump coke in a large bell-less blast furnace in a high-proportion use mode is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) and (3) distributing small coke to avoid the middle coke from being distributed in the center of the blast furnace: feeding large coke, medium coke and small coke into a furnace in batches, wherein only one small coke is fed in one feeding period, the first batch is the medium coke and the second batch is the small coke in the period, then, the ore coke is fed alternately, the medium coke batch is made into cloth by using a non-central coke feeding material, and the small coke is independently and directly distributed into the center; the large coke is distributed by adopting a material with a central coke feeding function, and the coke which is prepared by adopting three different materials and has different weights is turned over by using different material lines, and is fed in a reciprocating mode according to a period;
the batch weight calculation principle of each coke batch is as follows: firstly, the difference between the batch weight of the medium coke batch and the batch weight of the large coke batch cannot exceed 20 percent; arranging 1 or 2 middle block batches in a feeding period; the medium coke ratio and the large coke ratio are consistent with the inner coke ratio of the material sheet in a feeding period; fourthly, taking an even number from the total batches in the period, and not counting the total batches of the small cokes;
let SInFor the number of blocks in each cycle, SGeneral assemblyIs the total batch number of ore coke in each period, SBig (a)Number of large coke batches per cycle, PInFor medium block weight, PBig (a)Is a large batch of weight, PTSmall coke batch weight, QBatch ofThe iron content of each batch of ore, a is the ratio of the central coke content in a central coke feeding system, KInIs the medium coke ratio, KBig (a)For the bulk coke ratio, the batch weights for each type of coke were calculated as follows:
①、Pin＝KIn×QBatch of×SGeneral assembly÷2÷SIn÷1000
②、PBig (a)＝(KBig (a)×QBatch of×SGeneral assembly÷2÷1000-PSmall)÷SBig (a)
③、PSmall＝PIn×SIn×a
④、SGeneral assembly＝(SIn+SBig (a))×2；
2) Increasing the number of ore distribution turns or reducing the angle of the outermost ring of coke on the outermost ring, controlling the ore bulk weight to be above a critical value, and controlling the average thickness of the ore at the furnace throat to be 10-12% of the diameter of the furnace throat;
3) stopping long-term low furnace temperature and keeping molten ironi]0.4-0.6%, the wind pressure is not more than 430-450 Kpa, and the pressure difference is not more than 190-260 Kpa;
4) the splashing-resistant anhydrous stemming is used, so that the stemming amount is stabilized, the depth of an iron notch is ensured, and the effective tapping time is ensured;
5) when the medium coke is produced in a high proportion, the damping down material adopts a method of load sharing and central tank coke adding, namely, the tank coke amount to be added by the damping down material is averagely divided into each batch of coke, and the coke is intensively distributed into the center of the blast furnace in a form of 1 to 2 tanks of coke before damping down.
2. The method for smelting large bell-less blast furnace using medium coke in high proportion as claimed in claim 1, wherein said air pressure in step 3) is not more than 430Kpa and the pressure difference is not more than 190 Kpa.
3. The method for smelting the medium coke in the blast furnace high proportion of the large bell-less blast furnace according to claim 1, wherein the depth of the taphole in the step 4) is ensured to be 3.3-3.6 m.
4. The method for smelting the medium coke in the blast furnace high-proportion of the large bell-less blast furnace according to the claim 1, wherein the effective tapping time guaranteed in the step 4) is not less than 22.5 h.
5. The method for smelting the medium coke in the blast furnace with the large bell-less blast furnace in the blast proportion according to claim 1, wherein the coke in the step 5) is intensively distributed into the center of the blast furnace in the form of 1 to 2 cans of coke 4 to 5 hours before the damping down.
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| CN113136464A (en) * | 2021-04-14 | 2021-07-20 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Blast furnace damping method with poor hearth activity |
| CN113136465A (en) * | 2021-04-14 | 2021-07-20 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Material distribution method for preventing middle coke from being distributed into center of blast furnace |
| CN113186363A (en) * | 2021-04-14 | 2021-07-30 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Method for inhibiting periodic fluctuation of blast furnace airflow |
| CN113136466A (en) * | 2021-04-15 | 2021-07-20 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Material distribution method for realizing graded charging of coke by using existing equipment |
| CN114959133A (en) * | 2022-05-27 | 2022-08-30 | 武汉钢铁有限公司 | Material distribution method for canceling center coking of blast furnace |
| CN114959133B (en) * | 2022-05-27 | 2023-09-22 | 武汉钢铁有限公司 | Material distribution method for eliminating coke adding in center of blast furnace |
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