CN112605134A - Average plate temperature pre-judging method in roller way conveying process of magnesium alloy preheating plate - Google Patents

Average plate temperature pre-judging method in roller way conveying process of magnesium alloy preheating plate Download PDF

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CN112605134A
CN112605134A CN202011575116.XA CN202011575116A CN112605134A CN 112605134 A CN112605134 A CN 112605134A CN 202011575116 A CN202011575116 A CN 202011575116A CN 112605134 A CN112605134 A CN 112605134A
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temperature
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贾伟涛
雷军义
马立峰
黄志权
蔡志辉
支晨琛
马自勇
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Taiyuan University of Science and Technology
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for prejudging average plate temperature in a roller conveying process of magnesium alloy preheated plates, and relates to the technical field of magnesium alloy plate rolling. Aiming at magnesium alloy with a specific mark, establishing an average plate temperature prejudging model containing the thermophysical property parameters, the geometric dimension, the preheating temperature and the conveying time of the plate according to the relation between the average plate temperature and the thickness of the plate and the apparent blackness, and further determining an apparent blackness expression related to the preheating temperature and the plate thickness in the conveying process of a roller way; and determining the average temperature of the plate after the plate is conveyed for a certain time by combining an average plate temperature pre-judging model and an apparent blackness expression. The method can make effective on-line prejudgment on the average temperature of the plate in the roller conveying process, and provides important basis for temperature regulation and heat compensation in the process so as to ensure subsequent stable deformation and improve the plastic processing formability of the plate. The method solves the problem that the plate temperature is difficult to track and detect when the magnesium alloy plate is conveyed by the closed roller way, and has the advantages of rapidness, simplicity, convenience, practicability and the like.

Description

Average plate temperature pre-judging method in roller way conveying process of magnesium alloy preheating plate
Technical Field
The invention particularly relates to a method for prejudging average plate temperature in a roller conveying process of a magnesium alloy preheating plate, and belongs to the technical field of magnesium alloy plate rolling.
Background
The roller way conveying is a necessary link for finishing rolling industrial production of metal plates and mainly comprises two conveying structures, namely an open roller way and a closed roller way. Because the magnesium alloy has the characteristics of low heat capacity and low heat conductivity coefficient, the temperature of the plate is easy to drop and uneven due to heat dissipation in a low-temperature environment, so that the formability and yield of the plate in the rolling deformation process are influenced. In order to reduce the temperature drop of the magnesium alloy plate during the roller way conveying process and ensure the temperature required by the subsequent rolling deformation, the roller way conveying link has the technical characteristics of continuity, no interruption, high speed and closed auxiliary heat conveying, so that a contact type temperature measuring method which needs to be completed by temperature measuring tools such as a thermometer, a point thermometer and the like is not applicable any more, and the plate temperature state is difficult to track and detect in real time. On the premise, the plate temperature off-line prediction is particularly important.
The contact form between the plate and the conveying roller is linear contact in the conveying process, and according to a Newton cooling formula, the contact heat conduction heat dissipation quantity is in direct proportion to the contact area of the plate and the conveying roller, so that the heat conduction heat dissipation quantity between the plate and the conveying roller is negligible, and the heat transfer between the plate and the surrounding environment in the roller conveying process is mainly thermal radiation heat dissipation and convection heat dissipation. In the conventional conveying process of the strip steel roller way, the preheating temperature of the plate is up to 1010 ℃, compared with heat radiation, the heat radiation share occupied by convection is smaller, and the consideration on the convection heat radiation is often ignored when the temperature drop of the plate caused by cooling is calculated. However, compared with strip steel, the preheating temperature of the magnesium alloy is lower, generally less than 420 ℃, and the smaller specific heat volume also increases the sensitivity of the temperature of the magnesium alloy to heat change, so that the influence of convection heat radiation cannot be ignored when calculating the temperature drop of the magnesium alloy caused by heat radiation. Based on comprehensive consideration of the heat radiation and convection, the method realizes accurate prejudgment of the average plate temperature of the magnesium alloy in the roller conveying process, can provide important basis for temperature regulation and auxiliary heat implementation in the link, and has important significance for improving the forming quality of the magnesium alloy wide plate.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for pre-judging average plate temperature in a roller way conveying process of a magnesium alloy preheating plate, aiming at the problem that the plate temperature state is difficult to track and detect in real time when the magnesium alloy plate is conveyed by a closed roller way, namely, an average plate temperature pre-judging model related to the thermophysical property parameter, the geometric dimension, the preheating temperature (the tapping temperature of the plate after being heated by a heating furnace), the apparent blackness and the conveying time of the magnesium alloy plate with a specific alloy mark, the surface oxidation degree and the roughness is determined in the roller way conveying process, an apparent blackness expression related to the plate thickness and the preheating temperature is determined, and then the online pre-judging of the average plate temperature when the magnesium alloy plate is conveyed by the closed roller way is realized based on the apparent blackness expression and the average plate temperature model.
The preheating temperature T of the plate0The temperature of the magnesium alloy plate is 250-400 ℃, the thickness H is 0.002-0.035 m, the temperature of the magnesium alloy plate in the roller conveying process is measured by adopting a contact temperature measuring mode that a thermocouple is attached to the surface and embedded in the thermocouple, as shown in figure 1, the result shows that the difference between the surface temperature and the internal temperature is not large and the temperature difference is +/-5 ℃ when the magnesium alloy plate is conveyed in the thickness and temperature range, and therefore the prediction problem of the temperature of the magnesium alloy plate in the conveying process is converted into the problem of solving the average plate temperature in the state.
The calculation method of the average plate temperature in the roller conveying process of the magnesium alloy preheating plate comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: establishing a plate average plate temperature prejudgment model
When the magnesium alloy plate is conveyed by the roller way, the share of the total heat dissipation capacity of the heat radiation and the convection heat dissipation can be changed along with the plate and the external conditions. According to the stigman-boltzmann theorem, the thermal radiation energy E of the sheet material during the transport infinitesimal time Δ t can be calculated by the following formula:
E=Aoutεσ(Ta+273)4·Δt (1)
in the formula, AoutIs the heat exchange between the magnesium plate and the environmentArea, m2;TaThe average plate temperature of the plate is DEG C; epsilon is the blackness of the plate; sigma is the Stefan-Boltzmann constant, 5.67X 10-8W/(m2·K4)。
In practice, the temperature is TexThe heat absorption coefficient of the plate is equal to the radiation coefficient, and the heat energy E' absorbed by the plate from the environment in the transport infinitesimal time Δ t can be calculated by the following formula:
E'=Aoutεσ(Tex+273)4·Δt (2)
the superposition of radiation heat dissipation heat energy and absorption heat energy is the heat dissipation delta Q of the plate caused by heat radiation in the transport infinitesimal time delta trThe expression is as follows:
ΔQr=E-E′=Aoutεσ[(Ta+273)4-(Tex+273)4]·Δt (3)
according to the stigman-boltzmann theorem, the heat radiation heat dissipation is proportional to the fourth power of the absolute temperature difference (the temperature difference between the environment and the plate), and according to the newton's law of cooling, the heat convection heat dissipation is proportional to the first power of the absolute temperature difference, so the heat radiation heat dissipation is dominant in the conveying process. Suppose that: the blackness e will vary depending on the external conditions, and is not the actual object feature quantity, but an apparent quantity, i.e. the apparent blackness e'. Since the heat dissipation amount by convection heat transfer is smaller than that by heat radiation, the direct calculation of the heat dissipation amount by convection is omitted, and the influence of convection on the plate temperature is included in the correction of the apparent blackness epsilon', thereby realizing indirect consideration of the heat dissipation by convection. Under the premise, the heat loss delta Q caused by heat transfer between the magnesium alloy sheet and the ambient environment in the transport infinitesimal time delta tlComprises the following steps:
ΔQl=Aoutε′σ[(Ta+273)4-(Tex+273)4]·Δt (4)
from the perspective of the material itself, when the temperature of the plate decreases by Δ T, the heat dissipation amount of the plate to the outside can be calculated by the following formula:
ΔQl=-ρcVΔT (5)
where ρ is the plate density in kg/m3(ii) a c is the specific heat capacity of the plate, J/(kg DEG C); v is the volume of the plate, m3. The temperature drop delta T of the magnesium alloy sheet after the conveying infinitesimal time delta T can be calculated through the combined type (4) and the formula (5), so that a differential equation of a sheet temperature control model in the conveying process can be determined:
Figure BDA0002863342620000031
in order to conveniently carry out integral operation on the delta T equation in the formula (6), the heating temperature range of the magnesium alloy plate is considered, and an equivalent transformation method is adopted to carry out TaF (T) at 250-400 DEG Ca) Performing conversion after f (T)a) Comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0002863342620000032
at this time, the integral operation of equation (6) may be converted into a solution to the following equation:
Figure BDA0002863342620000041
in the formula, T0The preheating temperature of the plate is DEG C; t is1Is the temperature of the sheet after the transport time t, DEG C.
To simplify the solution process of equation (8), assume: the density and specific heat capacity of the material are average values under different temperature conditions, and the average plate temperature T of the magnesium alloy plate in the roller conveying process is calculated through integral calculation1And a preheating temperature T0The relation among the conveying time t and the apparent blackness epsilon', namely an analytical expression of an average plate temperature prejudging model in the conveying process of the magnesium alloy plate:
Figure BDA0002863342620000042
the above analysis revealed that the degree of blackness ε' in the formula (9) is an apparent quantityThe non-actual object feature quantity, which is an inverse calculation value, changes depending on the external conditions. According to the thermal physical property parameters of the plate, the average plate temperature T after the conveying time T of the magnesium alloy plate can be accurately calculated by determining the apparent blackness epsilon 'and substituting the apparent blackness epsilon' together with the plate specification and the preheating temperature into a temperature control model (formula (9)))1. Therefore, the determination of the apparent blackness of the magnesium alloy sheet material in the conveying process is important.
Step two: determining apparent blackness expression
According to experimental data obtained by real-time temperature measurement in the conveying process, the apparent blackness epsilon' can be inversely calculated by using the formula (9), and the specific inverse calculation process is as follows:
firstly, calculating the variation of the density, specific heat capacity and the like of the magnesium alloy along with the temperature by using thermophysical property calculation software JMatPro, and solving the average value of each parameter;
secondly, a contact type temperature measurement mode that a thermocouple is attached to the surface and embedded in the thermocouple is adopted to measure the temperature of magnesium alloy plates with different plate thicknesses and preheating temperatures in the roller conveying process, the time required for cooling to 100 ℃ is extracted from temperature measurement experimental data, and the time and the geometric parameters of the plates are substituted into formula (9), so that the apparent blackness epsilon' under different experimental conditions can be inversely calculated.
Finally, the apparent blackness of the magnesium alloy plate, the thickness H of the plate and the preheating temperature T can be obtained from the inverse calculation result of epsilon0Closely related, i.e. e '═ e' (H, T)0). By non-linear fitting the apparent jetness data using MATLAB,. epsilon.' (H, T)0) The specific expression of (1):
ε′=(0.0112·T0+7.9198)·H+0.0004·T0+C (10)
in the formula, T0(° c) and h (m) are the preheat temperature and sheet thickness, respectively, T under the experimental conditions0At 250-400 ℃, H is 0.002-0.031 m; wherein C is a constant related to magnesium alloy material grades and the oxidation degree and the roughness of the surfaces of the magnesium alloy materials, the value range is 0.15-0.3, the value is positively related to the oxidation degree and the roughness of the surfaces, and is negatively related to the magnesium mass fraction of the current alloy grades.
Step three: determining average plate temperature
According to the thermal physical property parameters of the plate, the apparent blackness epsilon' is determined and is combined with the specification of the plate and the preheating temperature T0Substituted average plate temperature T1The average plate temperature T after the roller conveying time T of the magnesium alloy plate can be accurately calculated by the relational expression between the roller conveying time T and the apparent blackness epsilon1
The invention has the advantages that: the method can effectively perform online prejudgment on the average plate temperature of the plate in the conveying process, and provides important basis for temperature regulation and heat compensation implementation in the process so as to ensure subsequent stable deformation and improve the plastic processing formability of the plate; the method solves the problem that the temperature of the magnesium alloy plate is difficult to track and detect when the magnesium alloy plate is conveyed by the closed roller way, and has the advantages of rapidness, simplicity, convenience, practicability and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of temperature measurement.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between the thermophysical parameters and the deformation temperature of an AZ31B magnesium alloy sheet.
FIG. 3 is a temperature time history curve of a 15mm thick AZ31B magnesium alloy sheet.
FIG. 4 shows experimental values of the transport time required for the AZ31B sheet to cool to 100 ℃ at different preheating temperatures.
FIG. 5 shows the apparent blackness ε' of AZ31B panels under different transport conditions.
FIG. 6 is a comparison of apparent blackness ε' model fitted surfaces and experimentally calculated values.
FIG. 7 is a comparison of experimental and calculated values of the transport time required for 200mm wide AZ31B sheet to cool to 200 ℃ at different pre-heating temperatures.
FIG. 8 is a comparison of experimental and calculated values of the transport time required for a 1500mm wide AZ31B sheet to cool to 100 ℃ at different pre-heat temperatures.
FIG. 9 is a comparison of experimental and calculated values of the transport time required for a 1500mm wide AZ31B sheet to cool to 200 ℃ at different pre-heat temperatures.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail based on the drawings.
A commercial AZ31B magnesium alloy rolled plate was selected to verify the above theoretical analysis, and the chemical composition of the plate is shown in table 1:
table 1: chemical composition (mass fraction,%) of commercial AZ31B magnesium alloy plate
Al Zn Mn Si Cu Fe Ni Mg
2.85 0.88 0.36 0.10 0.01 0.003 0.005 The rest(s)
The variation of the density and specific heat capacity of the AZ31B magnesium alloy with temperature was calculated by using thermophysical property calculation software JMatPro (see FIG. 2), and the average value of each parameter was solved.
A contact temperature measurement mode of embedding a thermocouple inside a surface-mounted thermocouple is adopted to measure the temperature of AZ31B magnesium alloy plates with the width of 200mm and the thicknesses of 2mm, 8mm, 15mm and 31mm in the roller conveying process, and the preheating temperature is set to be 250 ℃, 300 ℃, 350 ℃ and 400 ℃ respectively. FIG. 3 shows a 15mm thick sheet undergoing "preheat to 300 ℃ → hold → no auxiliary heat roller transport (T)ex25 ℃) "the temperature of different temperature measuring parts, the temperature difference between the internal temperature and the surface temperature of the plate is + -2 ℃, the plate temperature distribution is uniform, and the average plate temperature can be used as an effective index for evaluating the temperature state of the plate. And extracting the conveying time t (see figure 4) required by the preheating temperature to be conveyed and cooled to 100 ℃ through the roller way from the temperature measurement data, and substituting the conveying time t and the geometric parameters of the plate into formula (9) to solve the apparent blackness epsilon' under different experimental conditions. The result of the inverse calculation of epsilon '(see FIG. 5) can obtain that the apparent blackness of the AZ31B plate is approximately in linear positive correlation with the thickness of the plate, namely epsilon' (H, T)0)=k(T0)·H+b(T0). Using MATLAB to fit the apparent jetness data non-linearly, ε' (H, T) can be determined0) The specific expression of (A) is as follows:
ε′=(0.0112·T0+7.9198)·H+0.0004·T0+0.2984 (10)
the accuracy of the apparent blackness expression fitting curved surface is verified by comparing the apparent blackness expression fitting curved surface with the experimental calculated value, and the evaluation judges that the coefficient R value is 0.9841, as shown in FIG. 4, which shows that the established expression can accurately describe the mathematical relationship between the apparent blackness, the preheating temperature and the plate thickness in the experimental state (expression (10)).
Finally, by combining the formula (9) and the formula (10), an average plate temperature prejudgment model of the AZ31B plate in the conveying process can be determined, and the model describes the influence of the geometric parameters, the preheating temperature and the conveying time of the AZ31B plate on the average plate temperature of the plate.
Example 1: taking AZ31B plates with length multiplied by width of 300mm multiplied by 200mm and thickness of 2mm, 8mm, 15mm and 31mm as an example, the actually measured conveying time required by the preheating temperature of 250 ℃, 300 ℃, 350 ℃ and 400 ℃ to be conveyed and cooled to 200 ℃ by a roller way without auxiliary heat is counted, and the actually measured conveying time is compared with the calculated value of the determined average plate temperature prejudging model, and the comparison condition is shown in FIG. 7. As can be seen from the figure, the actual measurement results and the calculation results of the conveying time required by the temperature reduction of the plates with different thicknesses from different preheating temperatures to 200 ℃ are also matched, and the relative errors are less than 12%, which shows that the determined average plate temperature prejudgment model can accurately describe the temperature reduction behavior of the magnesium alloy plates in the roller conveying process.
Example 2: taking an AZ31B plate with the length multiplied by the width of 4500mm multiplied by 1500mm and the thickness of 2mm, 8mm, 15mm and 31mm as an example, the actually measured conveying time required by respectively cooling the preheating temperature of 250 ℃, 300 ℃, 350 ℃ and 400 ℃ to 100 ℃ and 200 ℃ through conveying by an unaided heat roller way is counted, and the actually measured conveying time is compared with the calculated value of the determined average plate temperature prejudging model, and the comparison condition is shown in fig. 8 and 9. It can be known from the figure that when the temperature of the plates with different thicknesses is reduced to 100 ℃ and 200 ℃ from different preheating temperatures, the average relative errors of the determined average plate temperature prejudging model are about 12.4% (see fig. 8) and 11.8% (see fig. 9), respectively, which shows that the determined average plate temperature prejudging model can also accurately describe the temperature reduction behavior of the large-size plates in the roller conveying process.

Claims (3)

1. The method is characterized in that firstly, aiming at magnesium alloy plates with specific alloy marks and surface oxidation degrees and roughness, an average plate temperature prejudgment model related to plate thermophysical parameters, geometric dimensions, preheating temperature, apparent blackness and conveying time in the roller conveying process is established, an apparent blackness expression related to plate thickness and preheating temperature is determined, and then the online prejudgment of the average plate temperature in the roller conveying process is realized based on the average plate temperature prejudgment model and the apparent blackness expression.
2. The method for prejudging the average plate temperature in the roller way conveying process of the magnesium alloy preheated plate as claimed in claim 1, wherein the plate thickness H ranges from 0.002 m to 0.035m, and the preheating temperature T is0The range is 250-400 ℃.
3. The method for prejudging the average plate temperature in the roller way conveying process of the magnesium alloy preheating plate according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following specific steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: establishing a plate average plate temperature prejudgment model
(1) The heat transfer between the plate and the surrounding environment during the roller conveying process is mainly thermal radiation heat dissipation and convection heat dissipation, the direct calculation of convection heat dissipation is neglected, and the influence of the direct calculation on the plate temperature is included in the correction of the apparent blackness epsilon' (which is not the characteristic quantity of an actual object) for determining the thermal radiation heat dissipation, so that the comprehensive consideration on the thermal radiation and the convection is realized, and therefore, the heat loss delta Q caused by the heat transfer between the magnesium alloy plate and the surrounding environment within the transport infinitesimal time delta tl
ΔQl=Aoutε′σ[(Ta+273)4-(Tex+273)4]·Δt
In the formula, Aout(m2) Is the heat exchange area, T, of the magnesium plate with the environmentex(. degree. C.) is the ambient temperature, Ta(° c) is the average temperature of the sheet, ε' is the apparent blackness of the sheet, σ is the Stefan-Boltzmann constant, and the value is 5.67X 10-8W/(m2·K4),ΔQl(J) The method is characterized in that the heat dissipation capacity of the magnesium alloy plate is caused by thermal radiation and convection within the transport infinitesimal time delta t, wherein delta is an element process in a infinitesimal method;
(2) from the angle of the plate, when the micro-element temperature is reduced by delta T in the conveying process, the heat dissipation to the outside is as follows: delta QlRho cV.DELTA.T, where rho (kg/m)3) Is the density of the plate, c (J/(kg. DEG C)) is the specific heat capacity of the plate, V (m)3) Is the volume of the plate;
(3) the temperature drop delta T of the plate after the time delta T of conveying the infinitesimal by the roller way is as follows:
Figure FDA0002863342610000011
(4) to facilitate integration of the delta-T differential equationUsing an equivalent transformation method to pair f (T)a) Converting, taking the density and specific heat capacity of the material as average values under different temperature conditions, and performing integral operation to obtain the average plate temperature T in the roller conveying process of the magnesium alloy plate1And a preheating temperature T0The relation among the conveying time t and the apparent blackness epsilon', namely an average plate temperature pre-judging model in the conveying process of the magnesium alloy plate:
Figure FDA0002863342610000012
step two: determining apparent blackness expression
The main factors influencing the apparent blackness epsilon' of the plate are the thickness H of the plate and the preheating temperature T0,ε′=(0.0112·T0+7.9198)·H+0.0004·T0+ C, wherein C is a constant related to the magnesium alloy material grade, the oxidation degree and the roughness of the surface of the plate, the value range is 0.15-0.3, the value is in positive correlation with the oxidation degree and the roughness of the surface, and is in negative correlation with the magnesium mass fraction of the current alloy grade;
step three: determining average plate temperature
According to the thermal physical property parameters of the plate, the apparent blackness epsilon' is determined and is combined with the specification of the plate and the preheating temperature T0The average plate temperature T after the conveying time T of the magnesium alloy plate roller way can be accurately calculated after being substituted into the average plate temperature pre-judging model1
CN202011575116.XA 2020-12-28 2020-12-28 Average plate temperature pre-judging method in roller way conveying process of magnesium alloy preheating plate Pending CN112605134A (en)

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CN106166566A (en) * 2015-05-20 2016-11-30 株式会社日立制作所 Hot finisher goes out side temperature control equipment and control method thereof
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Title
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Application publication date: 20210406