CN112601298B - Heating equipment and heating method for prolonging service life of continuous tube - Google Patents
Heating equipment and heating method for prolonging service life of continuous tube Download PDFInfo
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- CN112601298B CN112601298B CN202110061200.8A CN202110061200A CN112601298B CN 112601298 B CN112601298 B CN 112601298B CN 202110061200 A CN202110061200 A CN 202110061200A CN 112601298 B CN112601298 B CN 112601298B
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- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
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Abstract
The invention relates to heating equipment and a heating method for prolonging the service life of a coiled tubing, belonging to the technical field of heating equipment on an oil drilling and production well. The heating device comprises an inclined fixing part, a straight fixing part, a connecting rod, a lifting rod and a heating part, wherein the straight fixing part and the inclined fixing part are arranged at intervals side by side, the connecting rod is arranged above the straight fixing part, the straight fixing part is movably connected with one end of the connecting rod through a universal ball joint, the other end of the connecting rod is fixedly provided with the connecting plate A, the lifting rod is arranged above the inclined fixing part, the inclined fixing part is movably connected with one end of the lifting rod through the universal ball joint, the other end of the lifting rod is movably provided with the connecting plate B, and the heating part is fixedly arranged on the connecting plate A and the connecting plate B through locking bolts. The heating equipment is convenient to assemble and disassemble and high in reliability, and compared with the existing improvement from the aspect of material manufacturing, the service life of the continuous pipe is prolonged.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to heating equipment and a heating method for prolonging the service life of a coiled tubing, belonging to the technical field of heating equipment on an oil drilling and production well.
Background
The coiled tubing is also called flexible tubing, and a coil can be as long as ten thousand meters, and can replace a drill pipe and an oil pipe to operate; the coiled tubing completes one time of downhole operation and at least passes through 3 times of bending and straightening cycles, namely 3 times of bending deformation and 3 times of straightening deformation, and 6 bending and straightening deformation processes are total. Known from the working process of the continuous pipe, the stretch bending-straightening cycle in the lifting process of the continuous pipe is a main reason for the failure of the continuous pipe due to low cycle fatigue (also called condition fatigue limit or low cycle fatigue, refer to the limit value of stress which can be born under the frequency of possible action of the working cycle of a part).
At present, researchers research the fatigue failure reason of the continuous pipe by establishing a prediction model, for example, yong s. Yang researches the collapse pressure of the continuous pipe under the working condition of axial tension or compression, and because the pipe body can generate large bending-straight plastic deformation during the starting and the stopping operation, the mechanics problem is explained by using plastic mechanics, relevant theoretical knowledge is applied to calculate the torque required by the pipe body to be bent and wound on a roller with a certain diameter, a strain energy equation of plastic bending is provided, and a material strength experiment of the continuous pipe in the cyclic bending process is carried out, and the analysis shows that: along with the increase of the cycle number, the tensile strength of the material is basically not changed; the yield strength of the material is reduced, the change of the initial cycle is most obvious, wherein the most important contribution is to establish a diameter growth prediction model of the continuous pipe through the surface fitting of experimental data.
And for example, the Tipton provides a yield function expression of an isotropic material neglecting shear stress based on the cyclic softening effect of plastic deformation, and establishes a more accurate continuous pipe plastic model by applying a corrected plastic increment theory.
Therefore, many companies and research institutions improve the shaping of the continuous tube by improving the continuous tube processing technology from the aspect of material manufacturing so as to prolong the service life of the continuous tube; even so, each complete operation process of the continuous pipe must go through the pressurized cyclic bending stage, and under some complicated working conditions on site, the pipe body of the continuous pipe still exceeds the yield strength of the material in the working process, and large-scale plastic deformation occurs, so that the fatigue damage process is accelerated, and the service life of the pipe body is short, and therefore, the improvement is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: the heating equipment and the heating method for prolonging the service life of the continuous pipe are simple in structure and convenient to assemble and disassemble, and can be used for directly heating the finished continuous pipe on site so as to improve the plasticity of the continuous pipe.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a firing equipment for be used for improving coiled tubing life-span, it comprises oblique mounting, straight mounting, connecting rod, lifter and heating member, its characterized in that: the straight fixing piece and the inclined fixing piece are arranged side by side at intervals, a connecting rod is arranged above the straight fixing piece, the straight fixing piece is movably connected with one end of the connecting rod through a universal ball joint, a connecting plate A is fixedly arranged at the other end of the connecting rod, a lifting rod is arranged above the inclined fixing piece, the inclined fixing piece is movably connected with one end of the lifting rod through the universal ball joint, a connecting plate B is movably arranged at the other end of the lifting rod, and heating pieces are fixedly arranged on the connecting plate A and the connecting plate B through locking bolts.
The straight mounting constitute by straight fixed plate in a left side and the straight fixed plate in the right side, straight fixed plate in a left side and the straight fixed plate in the right side are the symmetry form setting, be the axial on straight fixed plate in a left side and the straight fixed plate in the right side respectively and correspond the form and be provided with fixed recess A, be the axial on straight fixed plate in a left side above fixed recess A and the straight fixed plate in the right side respectively and correspond the form and be provided with the lifter assembly groove.
The fixed groove A and the lifting rod assembling groove are respectively a semi-arc groove.
Oblique mounting constitute by left oblique fixed plate and right oblique fixed plate, left oblique fixed plate and right oblique fixed plate are the symmetry form setting, be the axial on left oblique fixed plate and the right oblique fixed plate respectively and correspond the form and be provided with fixed recess B, be the slope respectively on left oblique fixed plate and the right oblique fixed plate of fixed recess B top and correspond the form and be provided with the connecting rod assembly groove.
The fixed groove B and the connecting rod assembling groove are respectively a semi-circular arc groove.
The connecting plate A and the connecting plate B are identical in structure, the cross sections of the connecting plate A and the connecting plate B are in an omega shape, and bolt holes are symmetrically formed in the connecting plate A and the connecting plate B respectively.
The lifting rod is composed of a screw rod and a screw rod sleeve, one end of the screw rod sleeve is movably connected with the inclined fixing piece through a universal ball joint, the other end of the screw rod sleeve is sleeved with the screw rod in a threaded manner, and the screw rod is movably connected with the connecting plate B through a movable joint.
The heating element by last heating lid with heat down and cover and constitute, go up to heat to cover and to cover with heating down and be symmetry about setting up, go up to heat to cover with heating down the structure the same, constitute by outer shell, inner shell and heating coil respectively, outer shell is connected with inner shell mutually supporting the contact, presss from both sides between outer shell and the inner shell and is equipped with heating coil.
The cross sections of the upper heating cover and the lower heating cover are in omega shapes respectively, a plurality of bolt holes are symmetrically formed in the upper heating cover and the lower heating cover respectively, and the bolt holes of the upper heating cover and the lower heating cover correspond to the bolt holes of the connecting plate A and the connecting plate B.
The heating method of the heating equipment comprises the following steps:
firstly, a fixing groove A of a straight fixing piece and a fixing groove B of an inclined fixing piece of the heating equipment are matched and sleeved with a shaft of a lead screw roller, and the straight fixing piece and the inclined fixing piece are fixedly arranged on the shaft of the lead screw roller through the matching of a bolt and a nut;
deflecting the connecting rod and the lifting rod of the heating device to deflect the connecting rod and the lifting rod in the same direction so that the connecting rod and the lifting rod are kept in a parallel state relatively;
step three, adjusting the height of a lifting rod in the heating equipment, and aligning the top of the lifting rod with the top of a connecting rod through the matching of a screw rod and a screw rod sleeve in the lifting rod;
fourthly, sleeving the upper heating cover and the lower heating cover on the continuous pipe in an up-down manner, and matching, locking and fixing the upper heating cover and the lower heating cover with the connecting plate A and the connecting plate B through locking bolts;
step five, switching on an electric heating coil power supply of the heating equipment, preheating the electric heating coil of the heating equipment, and heating the electric heating coil to 100-200 ℃ after the continuous tube is preheated;
and step six, the continuous pipe passes through the electric heating coil at the speed of 10-20 meters per minute to perform well descending operation, the electric heating coil transfers heat to the continuous pipe through the upper heating cover and the lower heating cover, the continuous pipe is heated to 80 ℃ or 200 ℃, the plasticity of the continuous pipe is improved, and the service life of the continuous pipe is prolonged.
In order to calculate the bending cycle times of the continuous tube under different internal pressure conditions, the continuous tube in the environment of 80-200 ℃ and the continuous tube in the environment of normal temperature.
Therefore, a fitting formula of the service life of the coiled tubing at normal temperature is obtained according to a Brown-Miller fatigue life theoretical model, as shown in formula 1.
Under the condition of continuous pipe parameters with the same length, material, diameter and pipe thickness, the temperature load of the continuous pipe at 80-200 ℃ is increased, the coefficient delta is obtained through finite element analysis, the coefficient delta is larger than 1, and the coefficient delta is brought into formula 1 to obtain formula 2.
Obtaining the bending cycle times of the continuous tube in the normal temperature environment under the condition of the internal pressure of 0MPa-70MPa through the formula 1; the bending cycle number under the internal pressure condition of 0MPa-70MPa in the temperature environment of 80-200 ℃ is obtained by the formula 2, and the bending cycle number under the normal temperature environment is compared with the bending cycle number under the environment of 100 ℃, and the bending cycle number is shown in fig. 7.
The conclusion is drawn by fig. 7: when the internal pressure is 0-50MPa and the continuous tube is heated to 80-200 ℃, the plastic strain of the continuous tube is increased compared with the plasticity at the original normal temperature, so that the cycle life of the continuous tube is prolonged, but when the internal pressure is 60-70MPa, the continuous tube basically has no bearing capacity, and the fatigue life tends to 0 time.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the heating equipment for prolonging the service life of the continuous tube is convenient to assemble and disassemble, and the straight fixing piece and the inclined fixing piece are matched with the lifting rod and the connecting rod, so that the continuous tube can be effectively ensured to swing to a certain extent in the continuous tube operation process, and the continuous tube is prevented from being abraded due to serious friction between the continuous tube and the inner wall of the bottom plate; compared with the existing method for analyzing the fatigue failure reason by establishing a life prediction model, the heating method of the heating equipment has strong reliability, and the service life of the continuous pipe is prolonged by improving the processing technology from the aspect of material manufacturing.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a heating element according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of the lifter and the connecting plate B of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of the straight fixing member of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of the inclined fixing member of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention in a working state;
FIG. 7 is a graph comparing the bending cycle times of the continuous tube of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. an oblique fixing member; 2. a straight fixing member; 3. a left straight fixing plate; 4. a right straight fixing plate; 5. a fixing groove A; 6. a connecting rod assembly groove; 7. a left inclined fixing plate; 8. a right inclined fixing plate; 9. a fixing groove B; 10. a lifter assembly slot; 11. a connecting rod; 12. a universal ball joint; 13. a connecting plate A; 14. a screw; 15. a screw rod sleeve; 16. a connecting plate B; 17. an upper heating cover; 18. a lower heating cover; 19. a heating coil; 20. and (4) connecting the pipes.
Detailed Description
The heating equipment for prolonging the service life of the continuous pipe is composed of an inclined fixing piece 1, a straight fixing piece 2, a connecting rod 11, a lifting rod and a heating piece, wherein the straight fixing piece 2 and the inclined fixing piece 1 are arranged side by side at intervals. The straight fixing piece 2 is composed of a left straight fixing plate 3 and a right straight fixing plate 4, the left straight fixing plate 3 and the right straight fixing plate 4 are symmetrically arranged, fixing grooves A5 are respectively arranged on the left straight fixing plate 3 and the right straight fixing plate 4 in an axial corresponding manner, and connecting rod assembling grooves 6 are respectively arranged on the left straight fixing plate 3 and the right straight fixing plate 4 above the fixing grooves A5 in an axial corresponding manner; the fixed groove A5 and the connecting rod assembly groove 6 are respectively a semi-arc groove.
This firing equipment's oblique mounting 1 comprises left oblique fixation board 7 and right oblique fixation board 8, and left oblique fixation board 7 is the symmetry form setting with right oblique fixation board 8, is the axial respectively on left oblique fixation board 7 and the right oblique fixation board 8 and corresponds the form and be provided with fixed recess B9, is the slope respectively on left oblique fixation board 7 of fixed recess B9 top and the right oblique fixation board 8 and corresponds the form and be provided with lifter assembly groove 10, and fixed recess B9 and lifter assembly groove 10 are the half-circular arc groove respectively.
The connecting rod 11 is arranged above the straight fixing piece 2, the connecting rod assembly groove 6 of the straight fixing piece 2 is movably connected with one end of the connecting rod 11 through the universal ball joint 12, and when the universal ball joint type connecting rod is used, the connecting rod 11 takes the universal ball joint 12 as a fixed point and moves around the universal ball joint 12 relative to the straight fixing piece 2.
The other end of the connecting rod 11 is fixedly provided with a connecting plate A13, the section of the connecting plate A13 is in an omega shape, and two bolt holes are symmetrically arranged on the connecting plate A13.
The upper side of the oblique fixing piece 1 is provided with a lifting rod, the lifting rod is composed of a screw rod 14 and a screw rod 14 sleeve, a lifting rod assembly groove 10 of the oblique fixing piece 1 is movably connected with one end of the screw rod 14 sleeve of the lifting rod through a universal ball joint 12, the screw rod 14 sleeve is sleeved with the screw rod 14 through threads at the other end of the screw rod 14 sleeve, when the universal ball joint type lifting rod is used, the lifting rod takes the universal ball joint 12 as a fixed point and moves around the universal ball joint 12 relative to the oblique fixing piece 1, and the universal ball joint 12 is a market purchasing piece.
One end of the screw 14 is movably provided with a connecting plate B16 through a movable joint, the section of the connecting plate B16 is in an omega shape, and two bolt holes are symmetrically arranged on the connecting plate B16.
Connecting plate A13 and connecting plate B16 structure are the same, there is the heating member connecting plate A13 and connecting plate B16 on through locking bolt fixed mounting, the heating member comprises upper heating lid 17 and lower heating lid 18, upper heating lid 17 and lower heating lid 18 are symmetry form setting from top to bottom, upper heating lid 17 is the same with lower heating lid 18 structure, by the shell layer respectively, inner shell layer and heating coil 19 constitute, the shell layer is connected with the contact of mutually supporting of inner shell layer, the centre gripping has heating coil 19 between shell layer and the inner shell layer.
The cross sections of the upper heating cover 17 and the lower heating cover 18 are respectively in an omega shape, a plurality of bolt holes are symmetrically formed in the upper heating cover 17 and the lower heating cover 18 respectively, the bolt holes of the upper heating cover 17 and the lower heating cover 18 correspond to the bolt holes of the connecting plate A13 and the connecting plate B16, and when the heating device is used, the upper heating cover 17, the lower heating cover 18, the connecting plate A13 and the connecting plate B16 are mutually locked and fixed to form a whole through matching of a plurality of locking bolts and the bolt holes of the upper heating cover 17 and the lower heating cover 18 with the bolt holes of the connecting plate A13 and the connecting plate B16.
The heating method of the heating equipment comprises the following steps: firstly, the fixing groove A of the straight fixing piece and the fixing groove B of the inclined fixing piece of the heating equipment are sleeved with the shaft of the screw roller in a matched mode, and the straight fixing piece and the inclined fixing piece are fixed on the shaft of the screw roller through the matching of a bolt and a nut after the straight fixing piece and the inclined fixing piece are sleeved.
After the straight fixing piece and the inclined fixing piece are installed, the connecting rod on the straight fixing piece and the lifting rod on the inclined fixing piece are deflected respectively, so that the connecting rod and the lifting rod are deflected towards the same direction, and the connecting rod and the lifting rod are kept in a parallel state relatively.
After the connecting rod and the lifting rod are kept in a parallel state relatively, the height of the lifting rod in the heating equipment is adjusted, and the top of the lifting rod is aligned with the top of the connecting rod through the matching of a screw rod and a screw rod sleeve in the lifting rod; after aligning, form the suit about with upper heating lid and lower heating lid on the coiled tubing, cooperate locking with connecting plate A and connecting plate B through locking bolt with upper heating lid and lower heating lid and fix to accomplish this firing equipment's installation.
When the heating device for prolonging the service life of the continuous tube is used, firstly, the power supply of the electric heating coil of the heating device is switched on to preheat the heating device, and after the continuous tube is preheated, the electric heating coil is heated to 80 ℃, 100, 120, 140 or 160 ℃.
The continuous pipe passes through the electric heating coil at the speed of 10-20 meters per minute to carry out the well descending operation, the electric heating coil transfers heat to the continuous pipe through the upper heating cover and the lower heating cover, and the continuous pipe is heated to 80-200 ℃, so that the plasticity of the continuous pipe is improved, and the service life of the continuous pipe is prolonged.
The heating equipment for prolonging the service life of the continuous pipe is convenient to assemble and disassemble, and the straight fixing piece and the inclined fixing piece are matched with the lifting rod and the connecting rod, so that the continuous pipe can effectively swing to a certain extent in the operation process of the continuous pipe, and the continuous pipe is prevented from being abraded due to serious friction between the continuous pipe and the inner wall of the bottom plate; compared with the existing method for analyzing the fatigue failure reason and establishing a life prediction model, the heating method of the heating equipment has the advantages that the reliability is high, the service life of the continuous pipe is prolonged by the method of heat treatment and machining process improvement in the aspect of material manufacturing, and the heating equipment is based on the fact that the continuous pipe is directly heated on the site, the plasticity of the continuous pipe is improved, and therefore the service life of the continuous pipe is prolonged.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a firing equipment for be used for improving coiled tubing life-span, it comprises oblique mounting (1), straight mounting (2), connecting rod (11), lifter and heating member, its characterized in that: straight mounting (2) are the interval setting side by side with oblique mounting (1), and the top of straight mounting (2) is provided with connecting rod (11), and universal ball joint (12) swing joint is passed through with the one end of connecting rod (11) in straight mounting (2), and connecting plate A (13) are equipped with admittedly to the other end of connecting rod (11), and the top of oblique mounting (1) is provided with the lifter, and universal ball joint (12) swing joint is passed through with the one end of lifter in oblique mounting (1), and connecting plate B (16) are equipped with in the other end activity of lifter, it adorns heating member admittedly through the locking bolt on connecting plate A (13) and connecting plate B (16).
2. A heating apparatus for increasing the life of a coiled tubing as claimed in claim 1, wherein: straight mounting (2) constitute by straight fixed plate (3) in a left side and straight fixed plate (4) in the right side, straight fixed plate (3) in a left side and straight fixed plate (4) in the right side are the symmetry form and set up, be the axial on straight fixed plate (3) in a left side and the straight fixed plate in the right side (4) respectively and correspond the form and be provided with fixed recess A (5), be the axial on straight fixed plate (3) in a left side and the straight fixed plate in the right side (4) of fixed recess A (5) top respectively and correspond the form and be provided with lifter assembly groove (10).
3. A heating apparatus for increasing the life of a coiled tubing as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the fixed groove A (5) and the lifting rod assembly groove (10) are respectively a semi-circular arc groove.
4. A heating apparatus for increasing the life of a coiled tubing as claimed in claim 1, wherein: oblique mounting (1) constitute by left oblique fixed plate (7) and right oblique fixed plate (8), left oblique fixed plate (7) and right oblique fixed plate (8) are the symmetry form and set up, be the axial on left oblique fixed plate (7) and the right oblique fixed plate (8) respectively and correspond the form and be provided with fixed recess B (9), be the slope respectively on left oblique fixed plate (7) and the right oblique fixed plate (8) of fixed recess B (9) top and correspond the form and be provided with connecting rod (11) assembly groove (6).
5. A heating apparatus for increasing the life of a coiled tubing according to claim 4, wherein: the fixed groove B (9) and the connecting rod (11) assembling groove (6) are respectively a semi-circular arc groove.
6. A heating apparatus for increasing the life of a coiled tubing as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the connecting plate A (13) and the connecting plate B (16) are identical in structure, the sections of the connecting plate A and the connecting plate B are omega-shaped, and bolt holes are symmetrically formed in the connecting plate A (13) and the connecting plate B (16) respectively.
7. A heating apparatus for increasing the life of a coiled tubing as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the lifting rod is composed of a screw rod (14) and a screw rod (14) sleeve, one end of the screw rod (14) sleeve is movably connected with the inclined fixing piece (1) through a universal ball joint (12), the other end of the screw rod (14) sleeve is sleeved with the screw rod (14) in a threaded mode, and the screw rod (14) is movably connected with the connecting plate B (16) through a movable joint.
8. A heating apparatus for increasing the life of a coiled tubing as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the heating element comprises an upper heating cover (17) and a lower heating cover (18), the upper heating cover (17) and the lower heating cover (18) are arranged symmetrically up and down, the upper heating cover (17) and the lower heating cover (18) have the same structure and respectively comprise an outer shell layer, an inner shell layer and a heating coil (19), the outer shell layer and the inner shell layer are mutually matched and contacted and connected, and the heating coil (19) is clamped between the outer shell layer and the inner shell layer.
9. A heating apparatus for increasing the life of a coiled tubing as claimed in claim 8, wherein: the cross sections of the upper heating cover (17) and the lower heating cover (18) are respectively in an omega shape, a plurality of bolt holes are symmetrically formed in the upper heating cover (17) and the lower heating cover (18), and the bolt holes of the upper heating cover (17) and the lower heating cover (18) correspond to the bolt holes of the connecting plate A (13) and the connecting plate B (16).
10. A heating method for a heating apparatus for increasing the life of a coiled tubing, comprising the steps of:
firstly, a fixing groove A (5) of a straight fixing piece (2) and a fixing groove B (9) of an inclined fixing piece (1) of the heating equipment are sleeved with a shaft of a screw rod roller in a matching mode, and the straight fixing piece (2) and the inclined fixing piece (1) are fixedly arranged on the shaft of the screw rod roller through the matching of bolts and nuts;
secondly, deflecting a connecting rod (11) and a lifting rod of the heating device to enable the connecting rod (11) and the lifting rod to deflect in the same direction and enable the connecting rod (11) and the lifting rod to relatively keep a parallel state;
step three, adjusting the height of a lifting rod in the heating equipment, and aligning the top of the lifting rod with the top of a connecting rod (11) through the matching of a screw rod (14) and a screw rod (14) sleeve in the lifting rod;
fourthly, the upper heating cover (17) and the lower heating cover (18) are sleeved on the continuous pipe in an upper-lower shape, and the upper heating cover (17) and the lower heating cover (18) are matched, locked and fixed with the connecting plate A (13) and the connecting plate B (16) through locking bolts;
step five, switching on an electric heating coil power supply of the heating equipment, preheating the electric heating coil of the heating equipment, and heating the electric heating coil to 80-200 ℃ after the continuous tube is preheated;
and step six, the continuous pipe passes through the electric heating coil at the speed of 20 meters per minute to carry out the well descending operation, the electric heating coil transfers heat to the continuous pipe through the upper heating cover (17) and the lower heating cover (18), the continuous pipe is heated to 80-200 ℃, the plasticity of the continuous pipe is increased, and the service life of the continuous pipe is prolonged.
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Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB717605A (en) * | 1952-02-08 | 1954-10-27 | Munro & Miller Ltd | Improvements relating to heating units for use in apparatus for bending metal tubes |
CN110424926A (en) * | 2019-08-27 | 2019-11-08 | 长江大学 | A kind of continuous pipe heating equipment for pit shaft paraffin removal |
CN111324985A (en) * | 2020-04-04 | 2020-06-23 | 长江大学 | Method for evaluating fatigue life of continuous tube containing groove-shaped scratch defects |
-
2021
- 2021-01-18 CN CN202110061200.8A patent/CN112601298B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB717605A (en) * | 1952-02-08 | 1954-10-27 | Munro & Miller Ltd | Improvements relating to heating units for use in apparatus for bending metal tubes |
CN110424926A (en) * | 2019-08-27 | 2019-11-08 | 长江大学 | A kind of continuous pipe heating equipment for pit shaft paraffin removal |
CN111324985A (en) * | 2020-04-04 | 2020-06-23 | 长江大学 | Method for evaluating fatigue life of continuous tube containing groove-shaped scratch defects |
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