CN112600239A - Wind power grid-connected control method - Google Patents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/24—Arrangements for preventing or reducing oscillations of power in networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/24—Arrangements for preventing or reducing oscillations of power in networks
- H02J3/241—The oscillation concerning frequency
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/36—Arrangements for transfer of electric power between ac networks via a high-tension dc link
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/36—Arrangements for transfer of electric power between ac networks via a high-tension dc link
- H02J2003/365—Reducing harmonics or oscillations in HVDC
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J2203/20—Simulating, e g planning, reliability check, modelling or computer assisted design [CAD]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
- H02J2300/28—The renewable source being wind energy
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/76—Power conversion electric or electronic aspects
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/60—Arrangements for transfer of electric power between AC networks or generators via a high voltage DC link [HVCD]
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Abstract
The invention relates to a wind power grid-connected control method, which comprises the following steps: s1, setting parameters of a direct current transmission system; s2, setting a VSC-HVDC controller; s3, setting a control strategy of a converter at the wind power field end; and S4, setting coordination control among the multi-terminal flexible direct-current power transmission stations.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of energy, in particular to a wind power grid-connected control method.
Background
At present, wind power is generally subjected to alternating current grid connection, and the method has the advantages of high system reliability, simple structure and mature technology, but the cost of a long-distance wind power plant such as offshore wind power or desert wind power plant is higher than that of direct current transmission during long-distance transmission, and meanwhile, the charging power of an inductor and a capacitor is too large, so that reactive compensation is needed, the quality of electric energy is reduced, and the development of alternating current grid connection is limited. The direct current line of flexible direct current transmission technology (VSC-HVDC) has low cost, no inductance and capacitance charging process, no need of compensation device, and far lower cost than alternating current transmission during long-distance transmission, and will become a better selection mode in wind power plant synchronization. The double-end flexible direct-current transmission system can only realize point-to-point power transmission, and when the converter station at one end breaks down and exits, the wind power plant exits from operation. With economic development, large-scale construction of power grids and widely distributed large-scale new energy grid-connected power transmission, the traditional point-to-point power transmission mode cannot meet the requirement of large-scale power grid interconnection in a large area, and therefore the power grids are required to realize multi-power supply and multi-drop-point power receiving. The multi-terminal flexible direct current transmission system (VSC-MTDC) can realize interconnection between wind power plants and power grids in different areas, and has flexible and reliable transmission modes and wide prospects.
With the continuous improvement of the installed capacity of wind power generation in the power system, the off-grid operation of large-scale wind turbine generators may cause serious fluctuation of voltage and frequency of the power system due to large-scale power loss, and seriously threatens the safe and stable operation of the power system. Therefore, the reliability of the VSC-HVDC wind power transmission system is improved, and the method has great significance for promoting the rapid development of renewable energy sources in China, realizing strategic adjustment of energy sources in China, changing the power development mode and accelerating the renewable energy sources to realize the change from supplementary energy sources to alternative energy sources.
Research on the multi-terminal flexible direct current is still in an initial stage, wherein a converter station at one terminal is to adopt constant voltage control, and other converter stations at other terminals can adopt constant power control. However, for a wind farm, the output power fluctuation of the wind farm is large, so that converter stations connected with the wind farm cannot be controlled by constant active power.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a wind power grid-connected method, which is characterized in that a plurality of wind power plants are connected based on a multi-end flexible direct current transmission line, and each wind power plant is designed to be continuously connected in different wind power output power periods.
In order to realize the purpose, the technical scheme is as follows:
a wind power grid-connected control method comprises the following steps:
s1, setting parameters of a direct current transmission system;
s2, setting a VSC-HVDC controller;
s3, setting a control strategy of a converter at the wind power field end;
and S4, setting coordination control among the multi-terminal flexible direct-current power transmission stations.
Preferably, the specific steps of step S1 are:
assuming a three-phase alternating current system is balanced, a model of the VSC under the abc three-phase stationary coordinate system is as follows:
in the formula: u. ofsa，usb，uscThe voltage value, u, of the abc three-phase line at each AC busa，ub，ucRespectively the voltage value, i, of the three-phase line on the converter sidea，ib，icCurrent values of three-phase lines at the side of the current converter are respectively;
the mathematical model for transforming (1) into d-q coordinates is:
in the formula: u. ofsd，usq，usD-q axis components and zero axis components of the voltage at the AC bus, respectively; u. ofd，uq，u0D-q axis components and zero axis components of the AC side voltage of the converter are respectively; i.e. id，iq，i0D-q axis components and zero axis components of the current at the AC side of the converter are respectively;
in the formula: p is a park change matrix; p-1Is an inverse matrix of the park variation, and omega is an offset angle;
the mathematical model of the VSC under d-q coordinates can be obtained by the derivation:
in the formula: r is resistance value, L is inductance value.
Preferably, the specific steps of step S2 are:
the conclusion obtained in (5) in S1 can be derived as follows:
as can be seen from the above equation, the ac side voltage of the VSC is not only affected by the ac side current and voltage, but also has a certain coupling effect, so that a decoupling term must be added;
s2.1. inner loop controller settings
Increasing the coupling term ω Ri in equation (6)q、ωRidThe following can be obtained:
in the formula: u. ofd1、uq1Is the output variable of the inner loop current controller;
therefore, the output u can be passedd、uqThe modulation ratio M and the phase shift angle delta are obtained as follows:
the amplitude and the initial phase angle of the modulation wave can be respectively determined through M and delta, so that the pulse trigger signal can be determined;
s2.2. outer loop controller settings
The d-axis and q-axis currents are calculated from external measurements.
Preferably, the specific steps of step S3 are as follows:
for the wind power plant, because active power does not exist sometimes, under the condition that the inner loop controller and the outer loop controller cannot be used at the moment,a control method for controlling the transmission power reference value by detecting the frequency change of the wind power plant is provided; the specific steps are that when the d axis is positioned by the voltage vector of the A phase of the power grid, u issq0; neglecting the losses of the transformer and the converter, i.e. R is 0 and ω L is 0; formula (6) can be rewritten as:
on the basis of the above formula, the dq axis voltage reference values of the AC side power supply are respectively usd＝1、usq0; then comparing the voltage with the voltage at the AC side, adjusting the voltage by PI, and adding the coupled quantity to obtain the value of the output end.
Preferably, the specific steps of step S5 are as follows:
when the output power of the wind power plant is smaller than a certain value, the converter station GSVSC1 preferably transmits all the wind power to the industrial power system; when the wind power exceeds a certain value, the GSVSC1 and the GSVSC2 jointly undertake the power balance task of the multi-terminal VSC-HVDC transmission system, and power is distributed in a coordinated mode between the industrial power system and the regional power grid.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention utilizes the feasibility and the superiority of connecting a plurality of wind power plants by using multi-end flexible direct current. The direct-current voltage can be stabilized in a short time, when a plurality of wind power plants are continuously connected, the disturbance is small, and the fluctuation range of the voltage and the frequency cannot exceed the specified value.
(2) According to the invention, the wind power plants are connected by using the multi-terminal flexible direct current, and when the wind power plants have large power disturbance, no matter the wind power plants ascend or descend, the flexible direct current transmission system is hardly influenced, and the stable operation can be kept.
(3) According to the invention, the wind power plants are connected by using the multi-terminal flexible direct current, when a three-phase fault of a bus of the wind power plant occurs, and when the multi-terminal flexible direct current connection is used, no matter in the fault process or in the recovery stage after the fault, the voltage of a direct current system basically does not change, other various types of direct current systems are not greatly influenced, and fault ride-through can be completed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the method of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the flexible dc power transmission side.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an inner loop current controller.
Fig. 4 is a block diagram of a multi-terminal VSC-HVDC transmission system.
Detailed Description
The drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting the patent;
the invention is further illustrated below with reference to the figures and examples.
Example 1
In order to make the objects, features and advantages of the invention more obvious and understandable, the embodiments of the invention will be described in detail and completely with reference to the drawings.
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with examples.
Step 1 in fig. 1 sets the parameters of the dc transmission system. Flexible direct current transmission is a main and tributary transmission technology based on Voltage Source Converters (VSC). Fig. 2 is a rectification side structure of the flexible direct current transmission system.
In the figure: u. ofsk、ik、ukRespectively power grid voltage, power grid current and converter side input voltage; u shapedc、idcVoltage at the direct current side of the VSC and current of a direct current line are respectively; r, L are VSC equivalent impedance and converter reactor respectively; c is the DC side capacitor of the converter. Assuming a three-phase ac system balance, a familiar model of VSC in the abc three-phase stationary frame is as follows:
the mathematical model for transforming (1) into d-q coordinates is:
the mathematical model of the VSC under d-q coordinates can be obtained by the derivation:
step 2 in fig. 1 is the VSC-HVDC inner loop controller design. Increasing the coupling term ω Ri in equation (6)q、ωRidThe following can be obtained:
therefore, the output u can be passedd、uqThe modulation ratio M and the phase shift angle delta are obtained as follows:
the amplitude and initial phase angle of the modulation wave can be determined by M and delta respectively, so that the pulse trigger signal can be determined. The block diagram is shown in fig. 3.
And step 3 is the design of an outer ring controller. The outer loop controller is used to calculate the d-axis and q-axis currents based on external measurements, such as active power, reactive power, and dc voltage.
And step 4, predicting the wind power output power. And predicting the wind power output power according to the fuzzy matrix principle. The predicted results were used in simulation experiments.
And step 5, coordinating and controlling among the multi-terminal flexible direct current transmission stations. The multi-terminal VSC-HVDC power transmission system is a bridge connected with a load in a wind power plant, and mainly comprises three parts: a wind farm side converter station (WFGSC), a grid side converter station (GSVSC) and a DC transmission network. A multi-terminal flexible dc transmission system is more economical and flexible than a two-terminal flexible dc system, but is more complex in terms of control. In addition to the control logic described above, which is required for each converter station, coordination control between the stations is also required. The VSC-MTDC system level direct current voltage controller is divided into two main categories of control with communication and control without communication. The control with communication is also called master-slave control, and the communication system between the converter stations is utilized to realize the stable control of direct current voltage. The non-communication control is divided into a slope control and a direct voltage deviation controller. The essence of the direct-current voltage deviation controller is that after the main control converter station quits operation due to faults, the backup converter station can detect the deviation of the direct-current voltage and switch into a fixed direct-current voltage operation mode, and the stability of the direct-current voltage is ensured.
In a multi-terminal system connected with a wind power plant and a passive network, the wind power plant and the passive network cannot provide a stable voltage, so that a large power grid is required to be firstly merged into the network to provide a stable direct current voltage for a flexible direct current system during off-line simulation, and then the wind power plant can be merged into the network. Otherwise fluctuations in the wind farm are easily caused. The multi-terminal VSC-HVDC transmission system topology is shown in fig. 4.
In order to maintain safe and stable operation of the whole multi-terminal VSC-HVDC transmission system, the direct-current voltage of the converter station needs to be maintained within a certain range. The WFVSC is mainly used for establishing the voltage and frequency of two wind power places connected to a power grid and achieving automatic collection of wind power output power. Therefore, the GSVSC control system mainly functions to achieve power balance of the entire dc network and stable control of the dc voltage of the converter station by coordinately controlling GSVSC1 and GSVC2, so that GSVSC1 and GSVSC2 must have a dc voltage control strategy determined by one converter station.
In a priority distribution control mode, when the output power of the wind power plant is smaller than a certain value, the converter station GSVSC1 preferentially transmits all wind power to the industrial power system; when the wind power exceeds the value, the GSVSC1 and the GSVSC2 share the power balance task of the multi-terminal VSC-HVDC transmission system, and power is distributed in a coordinated mode between the industrial power system and the regional power grid.
It should be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A wind power grid-connected control method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, setting parameters of a direct current transmission system;
s2, setting a VSC-HVDC controller;
s3, setting a control strategy of a converter at the wind power field end;
and S4, setting coordination control among the multi-terminal flexible direct-current power transmission stations.
2. The wind power integration control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the specific steps of step S1 are:
assuming a three-phase alternating current system is balanced, a model of the VSC under the abc three-phase stationary coordinate system is as follows:
in the formula: u. ofsa，usb，uscThe voltage value, u, of the abc three-phase line at each AC busa，ub，ucRespectively the voltage value, i, of the three-phase line on the converter sidea，ib，icCurrent values of three-phase lines at the side of the current converter are respectively;
the mathematical model for transforming (1) into d-q coordinates is:
in the formula: u. ofsd，usq，usD-q axis components and zero axis components of the voltage at the AC bus, respectively; u. ofd，uq，u0D-q axis components and zero axis components of the AC side voltage of the converter are respectively; i.e. id，iq，i0D-q axis components and zero axis components of the current at the AC side of the converter are respectively;
in the formula: p is a park change matrix; p-1Is an inverse matrix of the park variation, and omega is an offset angle;
the mathematical model of the VSC under d-q coordinates can be obtained by the derivation:
in the formula: r is resistance value, L is inductance value.
3. The wind power integration control method according to claim 2, characterized in that: the specific steps of step S2 are:
the conclusion obtained in (5) in S1 can be derived as follows:
as can be seen from the above equation, the ac side voltage of the VSC is not only affected by the ac side current and voltage, but also has a certain coupling effect, so that a decoupling term must be added;
s2.1. inner loop controller settings
Increasing the coupling term ω Ri in equation (6)q、ωRidThe following can be obtained:
in the formula: u. ofd1、uq1Is the output variable of the inner loop current controller;
therefore, the output u can be passedd、uqThe modulation ratio M and the phase shift angle delta are obtained as follows:
the amplitude and the initial phase angle of the modulation wave can be respectively determined through M and delta, so that the pulse trigger signal can be determined;
s2.2. outer loop controller settings
The d-axis and q-axis currents are calculated from external measurements.
4. The wind power integration control method according to claim 3, characterized in that: the specific steps of step S3 are as follows:
for a wind power plant, under the condition that active power does not exist sometimes and an inner ring controller and an outer ring controller cannot be used at the moment, a control method for controlling a transmission power reference value by detecting the frequency change of the wind power plant is provided; the specific steps are that when the d axis is positioned by the voltage vector of the A phase of the power grid, u issq0; neglecting the losses of the transformer and the converter, i.e. R is 0 and ω L is 0; formula (6) can be rewritten as:
on the basis of the above formula, the dq axis voltage reference values of the AC side power supply are respectively usd＝1、usq0; then comparing the voltage with the voltage at the AC side, adjusting the voltage by PI, and adding the coupled quantity to obtain the value of the output end.
5. The wind power integration control method according to claim 4, characterized in that: the specific steps of step S5 are as follows:
when the output power of the wind power plant is smaller than a certain value, the converter station GSVSC1 preferably transmits all the wind power to the industrial power system; when the wind power exceeds a certain value, the GSVSC1 and the GSVSC2 jointly undertake the power balance task of the multi-terminal VSC-HVDC transmission system, and power is distributed in a coordinated mode between the industrial power system and the regional power grid.
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