CN112595705B - Online powder detection device based on laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy - Google Patents
Online powder detection device based on laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy Download PDFInfo
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- CN112595705B CN112595705B CN202011479566.9A CN202011479566A CN112595705B CN 112595705 B CN112595705 B CN 112595705B CN 202011479566 A CN202011479566 A CN 202011479566A CN 112595705 B CN112595705 B CN 112595705B
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- G01N1/286—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q involving mechanical work, e.g. chopping, disintegrating, compacting, homogenising
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Abstract
The invention discloses an online powder detection device based on laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy, which belongs to the field of atomic emission spectroscopy detection and comprises the following components: the device comprises a constraint metal long pipe, a powder sample inlet and a powder sample outlet, wherein the side surface of the constraint metal long pipe is provided with the sample inlet and a detection port, and the powder sample enters the metal long pipe through the sample inlet; the pushing unit comprises two pushing sub-units which are positioned at two ends of the constraint metal long pipe and are partially inserted into the constraint metal long pipe; the power control unit is used for providing power for the pushing unit, pushing the pushing subunit to move relative to the constraint metal long pipe so as to extrude the powder sample into a sample column and push the sample column to the detection port; and the spectrum detection module is used for ablating the sample column by utilizing laser to generate an optical signal and generating a detection result of the sample column according to the spectrum information corresponding to the optical signal. The device simple structure realizes quick preparation and censorship of powder sample, and the detection form reinforcing spectral signal's of sample post intensity and stability promote detection accuracy, satisfy fast, accurate on-line measuring demand to the powder composition in the actual production well.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of atomic emission spectroscopy detection, and particularly relates to an online powder detection device based on laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy.
Background
Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is an atomic emission spectrum that uses laser pulses emitted by a laser to ablate a substance and generate a plasma with a short life cycle, and achieves the purpose of detecting sample composition information by collecting an elemental signature spectrum radiated during the evolution of the plasma. The powder samples were characterized by fluffiness, weak interaction forces with each other, non-uniform density distribution, and no flat surface. When laser pulses directly act on a powder sample, the phenomena of sample sputtering, low laser energy absorption efficiency and severe fluctuation of a spectrum signal occur, and the stability and accuracy of an LIBS spectrum are further influenced. Therefore, the rapid preparation and the satisfaction of the laser ablation requirements are key factors for realizing the online detection of the powder sample.
At present, the detection of powder samples generally utilizes air flow transportation and generates powder particle flow or powder aerosol to obtain a relatively continuous and flat surface to be detected. The mode can not ensure that the sample is uniformly conveyed in the detection process, and the volume ratio of the powder sample in the airflow is low, so that the problems of ablation quantity fluctuation, ablation position point change, obvious air breakdown effect and the like can be caused, and the signal intensity, the stability and the accuracy are poor integrally. In addition, in the prior art, a large-scale sample preparation device is introduced to mold a powder sample into a relatively compact cake-shaped sample in a mold. However, the powder sample preparation device needs to additionally prepare a sample, a mould pressing device is arranged, and the prepared sample needs to be transmitted to a special detection platform, so that the detection system is complex in overall structure, large in size, complex in flow, long in time consumption and not beneficial to online real-time detection of the powder sample.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects and improvement requirements of the prior art, the invention provides an online powder detection device based on laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy, and aims to improve the quality of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy signals, simplify the preparation and inspection processes of powder samples and improve the online detection capability of the laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy technology on the powder samples in an industrial site.
In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided an online powder inspection apparatus based on laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy, comprising a powder sample processing module and a spectrum inspection module, wherein the powder sample processing module comprises a constraint metal long tube, a power control unit and a pushing unit; the two ends of the constraint metal long pipe are open, the interior of the constraint metal long pipe is hollow, the side surface of the constraint metal long pipe is provided with a sample inlet and a detection port, and a powder sample enters the constraint metal long pipe through the sample inlet; the pushing unit comprises two pushing sub-units which are positioned at two ends of the long constraint metal tube and are partially inserted into the long constraint metal tube; the power control unit is used for providing power for the pushing unit, pushing the two pushing sub-units to move relative to the constraint metal long pipe so as to extrude the powder sample into a sample column and push the sample column to the detection port; the spectrum detection module uses laser to ablate the sample column at the detection port to generate an optical signal, and generates a detection result of the sample column according to the spectrum information corresponding to the optical signal.
Furthermore, the power control unit comprises an air compressor and two control branches connected with the air compressor; the two pushing sub-units respectively comprise an air cylinder, an inner rod of the air cylinder and a push rod, one end of the push rod is connected with the inner rod of the air cylinder, the other end of the push rod is inserted into the constraint metal long pipe, and the air cylinders are communicated with the control branches in a one-to-one correspondence manner; and the two airflow branches generated by the air compressor respectively enter the cylinders communicated with the control branches after the speed and the direction of the two airflow branches are adjusted by the two control branches so as to push the rod and the push rod in the cylinder to move relative to the constraint metal long pipe.
Furthermore, the power control unit comprises an air compressor, a hydraulic pump and two control branches connected with the hydraulic pump; the two pushing and pressing sub-units respectively comprise a hydraulic cylinder, an inner rod of the hydraulic cylinder and a push rod, one end of the push rod is connected with the inner rod of the hydraulic cylinder, the other end of the push rod is inserted into the constraint metal long pipe, and the hydraulic cylinders are communicated with the control branches in a one-to-one correspondence manner; two hydraulic branches generated by the hydraulic pump respectively pass through the two control branches to adjust the speed and the direction and then enter the hydraulic cylinders communicated with the control branches so as to push the inner rod and the push rod of the hydraulic cylinder to move relative to the constraint metal long pipe.
Furthermore, the power control unit comprises an air compressor, two guide rails positioned at two ends of the constraint metal long pipe and a servo motor arranged on each guide rail, and the servo motors can move on the guide rails; the two pushing and pressing sub-units comprise push rods, and the servo motors are connected with the push rods in a one-to-one correspondence mode to drive the push rods to move relative to the constraint metal long pipe.
Still further, a flow meter and a nozzle are included; the nozzle is horizontally arranged above the side of the detection port and is connected to the air compressor through the flow meter; and a third airflow branch generated by the air compressor enters the nozzle after being subjected to speed regulation by the flowmeter so as to blow away dust generated in the laser ablation process.
Furthermore, the push rod is in contact with the inner cavity of the restraining metal long pipe, and the central axis of the push rod is coincident with the central axis of the restraining metal long pipe.
Furthermore, a recovery port is formed in the side surface of the constraint metal long pipe, and the detection port is located between the sample inlet and the recovery port; after the detection is finished, the pushing unit is further used for pushing the sample column to the recovery opening, so that the sample column falls from the recovery opening under the action of gravity.
Furthermore, the spectrum detection module comprises a laser, a focusing lens, a collecting head, a spectrometer and a data processing unit; the focusing lens and the laser are sequentially located above the detection port, the spectrometer is connected with the collecting head and the data processing unit, and the collecting head is located above the side of the detection port.
Furthermore, the collecting head collects the optical signals in a paraxial mode and transmits the collected optical signals to the spectrometer through the multi-core optical fiber.
Further, the detection port comprises an opening with a vertical inner wall and an opening with an outward inclined inner wall from bottom to top.
Generally, by the above technical solution conceived by the present invention, the following beneficial effects can be obtained:
(1) the power control unit is utilized to drive the pushing and pressing unit to prepare the powder sample into the sample column in the constrained metal long tube and detect the sample column, so that the rapid preparation and inspection of the powder sample are realized, the structure of the device is simple, the intensity and stability of a spectrum signal are enhanced by the detection form of the sample column, the detection accuracy is improved, and the rapid and accurate online detection requirements on the powder components in actual production are well met;
(2) three different power control units are provided to provide different driving forces, so that different sample column preparation effects are realized, different detection requirements are met, the device is used in different application scenes, and the application range is wide;
(3) the nozzle is arranged to blow dust generated in the laser ablation process away from the detection port, so that the dust is prevented from blocking the absorption of ablation energy, the collection of plasma radiation light is prevented from being influenced, and an optical element is prevented from being polluted;
(4) the detection port is arranged to be an opening with a cross section in a Y shape, the vertical opening of the inner wall of the lower part has the space constraint effect when the plasma expands, the emission spectrum signal can be enhanced, and the collection efficiency of the optical signal can be ensured by the opening with the inner wall of the upper part inclining outwards.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an online powder detection device based on laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an online powder inspection device based on laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an online powder inspection device based on laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a detection port in an online powder detection device based on laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The same reference numbers will be used throughout the drawings to refer to the same or like elements or structures, wherein:
1 is a constrained metal long tube, 101 is a sample inlet, 102 is a detection port, 103 is a recovery port, 2 is a power control unit, 201 is an air compressor, 202 is a hydraulic pump, 203 is a first electromagnetic valve, 204 is a second electromagnetic valve, 205 is a first speed regulating valve, 206 is a second speed regulating valve, 207 is a first guide rail, 208 is a second guide rail, 209 is a first servo motor, 210 is a second servo motor, 3 is a pushing unit, 301 is a first cylinder, 302 is a second cylinder, 303 is a first cylinder inner rod, 304 is a second cylinder inner rod, 305 is a first push rod, 306 is a second push rod, 307 is a first hydraulic cylinder, 308 is a second hydraulic cylinder, 309 is a first cylinder inner rod, 310 is a second hydraulic cylinder, 4 is a flow meter, 5 is a nozzle, 601 is a laser, 602 is a focusing lens, 603 is a collection head, 604 is a spectrometer, 605 is a data processing unit, 701 is a first fixed base, 702 is a second fixed base, 703 is a third fixed base, 704 is a fourth fixed base, 705 is a first platform, and 706 is a second platform.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
In the present application, the terms "first," "second," and the like (if any) in the description and the drawings are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order.
The embodiment of the invention provides an online powder detection device (hereinafter referred to as a detection device) based on laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy. The detection device comprises a powder sample processing module and a spectrum detection module. The powder sample processing module is used for processing the powder sample into a sample column. Specifically, the powder sample processing module includes a long restraining metal tube 1, a power control unit 2, and a pushing unit 3. The two ends of the constraint metal long pipe 1 are open, the interior of the constraint metal long pipe is hollow, the side surface of the constraint metal long pipe is provided with a sample inlet 101 and a detection port 102, and a powder sample enters the constraint metal long pipe 1 through the sample inlet 101. The pressing unit 3 includes two pressing sub-units at both ends of the long metal tube 1, and a partial structure of the two pressing sub-units is inserted into the long metal tube 1. The power control unit 2 is used for providing power for the two pushing sub-units of the pushing unit 3, pushing the two pushing sub-units to move relative to the long constraint metal tube 1, so as to press the powder sample in the long constraint metal tube 1 into a sample column and push the sample column to the detection port 102. The spectrum detection module uses laser to ablate the sample column at the detection port 102 to generate an optical signal, and generates a detection result of the sample column according to the spectrum information corresponding to the optical signal.
In the embodiment of the present invention, three specific detection device structures are provided, which are respectively shown in fig. 1 to fig. 3. The three detection device configurations are described in detail with reference to fig. 1-4.
The first embodiment is as follows:
in this embodiment, the power control unit 2 includes an air compressor 201 and two control branches connected to the air compressor 201. Specifically, referring to fig. 1, one of the control branches includes a first solenoid valve 203 and a first speed regulating valve 205, an input end of the first solenoid valve 203 is connected to the first airflow branch of the air compressor 201, and an output end of the first solenoid valve 203 is connected to an input end of the first speed regulating valve 205. The other control branch comprises a second electromagnetic valve 204 and a second speed regulating valve 206, the input end of the second electromagnetic valve 204 is connected with the second airflow branch of the air compressor 201, and the output end of the second electromagnetic valve 204 is connected with the input end of the second speed regulating valve 206.
The air compressor 201 is a driving source of the powder sample processing module, and can provide a pressure of seven atmospheres at the maximum and a flow rate of 90L/min. Through the conversion of the pneumatic quick connector, the output air flow main path is divided into three branches which are respectively conveyed to the interfaces of the nozzle 5, the first air cylinder 301 and the second air cylinder 302.
The two pushing and pressing sub-units comprise air cylinders, rods in the air cylinders and push rods, one ends of the push rods are connected with the rods in the air cylinders, the other ends of the push rods are inserted into the constraint metal long pipes 1, and the air cylinders are communicated with the control branch circuits in a one-to-one correspondence mode. The cylinder is a standard cylinder, and one end of the push rod is sleeved with the inner rod of the cylinder through threads. Specifically, one of the pushing sub-units includes a first cylinder 301, a first cylinder rod 303 and a first push rod 305, the first cylinder 301 is communicated with the output end of the first speed regulating valve 205, one end of the first cylinder rod 303 is inserted into the first cylinder 301, the other end of the first cylinder rod 303 is connected with one end of the first push rod 305, and the other end of the first push rod 305 is inserted into the long constraint metal pipe 1, for example, the pushing sub-unit is located on the left side of the long constraint metal pipe 1. The other pushing subunit comprises a second cylinder 302, a second cylinder rod 304 and a second push rod 306, the second cylinder 302 is communicated with the output end of the second speed regulating valve 206, one end of the second cylinder rod 304 is inserted into the second cylinder 302, the other end of the second cylinder rod 304 is connected with one end of the second push rod 306, the other end of the second push rod 306 is inserted into the long constraint metal tube 1, and the pushing subunit is located on the right side of the long constraint metal tube 1, for example.
Further, the first cylinder 301 is fixed on the outermost side of the first platform 705 by a first fixing base 701 and a second fixing base 702; the second cylinder 302 is fixed on the outermost side of the second platform 706 by a third fixing base 703 and a fourth fixing base 704; the long constraint metal pipe 1 is fixed on the first platform 705 and the second platform 706 and is positioned between the first cylinder 301 and the second cylinder 302.
Two air current branches generated by the air compressor 201 enter the cylinders communicated with the control branches after the speed and the direction of the two air current branches are respectively adjusted by the two control branches, so that the rod and the push rod in the cylinder are pushed to move relative to the constraint metal long pipe 1, and a powder sample is extruded into a sample column.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the push rod is in contact with the inner cavity of the restraining metal long pipe 1, and the central axis of the push rod is coincident with the central axis of the restraining metal long pipe 1. Thus, the powder sample can be extruded and molded into a sample column having a certain strength by the restraining action of the inner wall of the restrained metal long tube 1 and the pressing action of the push rod. Specifically, the inside of the constraint metal long tube 1 is hollow and the inner wall is smooth, the first push rod 305 and the second push rod 306 are both in close contact with the inner cavity of the constraint metal long tube 1, and the central axes of the first cylinder inner rod 303, the second cylinder inner rod 304, the first push rod 305, the second push rod 306 and the constraint metal long tube 1 coincide with each other.
The detection device further comprises a flow meter 4 and a nozzle 5, wherein the nozzle 5 is a small nozzle, for example, and is horizontally arranged close to the detection port 102 above the side of the detection port 102, and is finally connected to the air compressor 201 through the flow meter 4. A third airflow branch generated by the air compressor 201 enters the nozzle 5 after being regulated by the flowmeter 4, so that dust generated in the laser ablation process is blown away from the detection port 102, and the problems that the absorption of ablation energy is blocked by the dust, the collection of plasma radiation light is influenced, and optical elements are polluted are avoided.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the side surface of the restraining metal long pipe 1 is provided with a recovery opening 103. The recovery port 103 may be formed by removing a segment of arc surface at the side of the long restraining metal pipe 1. The detection port 102 is located between the sample inlet 101 and the recovery port 103. After the detection is completed, the pushing unit 3 is also used to push the sample column to the recovery port 103, so that the sample column falls from the recovery port 103 under the action of gravity.
The inspection port 102 includes an opening with a vertical inner wall and an opening with an outward inclined inner wall from bottom to top, as shown in fig. 4. The opening with the vertical inner wall has the space constraint effect during plasma expansion, can enhance the emission spectrum signal, and has the caliber diameter of 2mm for example; the opening with the inner wall inclining outwards is used for ensuring the collecting efficiency of paraxial collected optical signals.
In the embodiment, for example, the metal long pipe 1 is restrained to be horizontally arranged, the opening of the sample inlet 101 is upward, the caliber is large, and rapid sample introduction is facilitated; the opening of the detection port 102 is upward but the caliber is smaller, the cross section of the detection port is in a Y shape, and the inclined inner wall forms an included angle of 30 degrees with the horizontal line direction; the recycling port 103 is formed by a missing semi-arc surface, the opening is downward, the caliber is large, and the sample column can be separated from the restraining metal long tube 1 and recycled under the action of self gravity.
The spectral detection module comprises a laser 601, a focusing lens 602, a collection head 603, a spectrometer 604 and a data processing unit 605. Focusing lens 602 and laser 601 are in turn positioned over detection port 102, spectrometer 604 is coupled to pick head 603 and data processing unit 605, and pick head 603 is positioned laterally over detection port 102. Further, the pick head 603 may pick signals off axis at an angle of, for example, about 30 ° from the vertical; the spectrometer 604 is, for example, a multi-channel spectrometer covering measurement wavelengths of 200nm to 1000 nm.
The laser 601 emits high-energy pulse laser, the high-energy pulse laser vertically ablates the sample column through the detection port 102 under the convergence action of the focusing lens 602, the generated optical signal is constrained and enhanced by the vertical inner wall of the lower part of the detection port 102, then the acquisition head 603 acquires the optical signal in a paraxial mode, the acquired optical signal is transmitted to the spectrometer 604 through a multi-core optical fiber, the spectrometer 604 performs light splitting and photoelectric conversion processing on the received optical signal, so that corresponding spectral information is generated, and finally, the data processing unit 605 processes the optical signal to obtain a corresponding detection result.
The working flow of the detection device in this embodiment is described by taking pulverized coal as fired in a coal-fired power plant as an example. Firstly, the air compressor 201 works, the air pressure difference generated inside the first air cylinder 301 and the second air cylinder 302 respectively enables the first air cylinder inner rod 303 and the second air cylinder inner rod 304 to start moving, and drives the first push rod 305 to move to the initial position point C, and drives the second push rod 306 to move to the initial position point D, as shown in fig. 1. The flow meter 4 was adjusted so that the blowing speed of the nozzle 5 was controlled at 5L/min and was always in operation.
A powdered coal sample with the weight of about 15g is injected into the long metal constraint pipe 1 from the sample inlet 101. Initially the first pushrod 305 is fixed and the second pushrod 306 reciprocates under the control of the second solenoid valve 204. When the second push rod 306 starts to move towards the first push rod 305, the powdered coal sample is continuously forced and extruded in the restraining metal long tube 1, and finally shaped into a coal pillar with a length of about 40 mm. To further ensure the molding strength, the second push rod 306 needs to move rapidly many times to obtain a large impact force and finally keep in a compression stressed state.
After the coal sample preparation is finished, the first electromagnetic valve 203 controls the first push rod 305 to start moving leftwards, and the speed is controlled to be 4mm/s by the first speed regulating valve 205. The second push rod 306 will move to the left synchronously with the first push rod 305 due to the unbalanced force and entrain the coal pillar to move at the same speed under the detection port 102, thereby completing the sample transfer.
When the initial end of the coal pillar moves to the detection port 102, the laser 601 starts to emit pulse laser, and the pulse laser is converged by the focusing lens 602 to ablate the coal pillar until the coal pillar is ablated when the second push rod 306 moves to the position point C. Then the first speed regulating valve 205 controls the first push rod 305 to move to the position point A at the speed of 8mm/s and stop, the second speed regulating valve 206 controls the second push rod 306 to keep moving at the speed of 4mm/s, the coal pillar is pushed to fall at the recycling port 103 and is recycled, and finally the second push rod 306 stops at the position point B.
After the coal pillar is recovered, the first push rod 305 can reciprocate for many times rapidly to clean up the residual coal dust in the restraining metal long pipe 1. Then, the first pusher 305 and the second pusher 306 are restored to the initial positions, and stay at the position point C and the position point D, respectively, to prepare for the next cycle of sample preparation.
When plasma generated by ablation at the detection port 102 expands, the plasma is restrained by the vertical inner wall at the lower part of the detection port 102, and the generated reverse shock wave promotes the particle collision degree to be intensified, so that the spectrum signal is enhanced. The collection head 603 efficiently collects the radiation optical signal through the inclined opening at the upper part of the detection port 102, further, the spectrometer 604 performs light splitting and photoelectric conversion processing on the transmitted optical signal, the generated spectral data is subjected to characteristic extraction by the data processing unit 605, and the spectral data is substituted into a prediction model to output a detection result in real time.
Example two:
in this embodiment, the power control unit 2 includes an air compressor 201, a hydraulic pump 202 and two control branches connected to the hydraulic pump 202, and the control branches have the same structure as the control branches in the first embodiment, and are not described herein again. The two pushing and pressing sub-units respectively comprise a hydraulic cylinder, an inner rod of the hydraulic cylinder and a push rod, one end of the push rod is connected with the inner rod of the hydraulic cylinder, the other end of the push rod is inserted into the constraint metal long pipe 1, and the hydraulic cylinders are communicated with the control branches in a one-to-one correspondence mode, as shown in fig. 2. The two hydraulic branches generated by the hydraulic pump 202 respectively pass through the two control branches to adjust the speed and direction, and then enter the hydraulic cylinders communicated with the control branches, so as to push the inner rod and the push rod of the hydraulic cylinder to move relative to the restraining metal long pipe 1.
In the present embodiment, the drive source in the power control unit 2 is replaced with the hydraulic pump 202; the driving means in the pressing unit 3 is replaced with a first hydraulic cylinder 307 and a second hydraulic cylinder 308, and a first cylinder inner rod 309 and a second cylinder inner rod 310 are arranged for the first hydraulic cylinder 307 and the second hydraulic cylinder 308, respectively. The driving source and the driving device can provide larger pressure, and are more suitable for scenes with high requirements on forming pressure and control accuracy and low requirements on movement speed. Other structures of the detection apparatus in this embodiment are the same as those in the first embodiment, and are not described herein again.
Example three:
in this embodiment, the power control unit 2 includes an air compressor 201, two guide rails located at two ends of the constrained metal long tube 1, and a servo motor arranged on each guide rail, and the servo motor can move on the guide rails. The two pushing and pressing sub-units respectively comprise push rods, and the servo motors are connected with the push rods in a one-to-one correspondence manner, as shown in fig. 3, so as to drive the push rods to move relative to the constraint metal long pipe 1.
In the present embodiment, the drive source in the power control unit 2 is replaced with a first guide rail 207, a second guide rail 208, a first servo motor 209, and a second servo motor 210; the drive means in the pushing unit 3 only retains the push rod. The driving source and the driving device can provide higher moving speed and higher control precision, the device is overall simpler and easy to realize automation, and the device is suitable for scenes with high requirements on detection speed and easy forming of samples. Other structures of the detection apparatus in this embodiment are the same as those in the first embodiment, and are not described herein again.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, and that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. An online powder detection device based on laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy is characterized by comprising a powder sample processing module and a spectrum detection module, wherein the powder sample processing module comprises a constraint metal long pipe (1), a power control unit (2) and a pushing and pressing unit (3);
the device comprises a constraint metal long pipe (1), a detection port (102) and a powder sample, wherein the constraint metal long pipe (1) is open at two ends, is hollow inside, and is provided with a sample inlet (101) and the detection port (102) on the side surface, the detection port (102) comprises an opening with a vertical inner wall and an opening with an outward inclined inner wall from bottom to top, and the powder sample enters the constraint metal long pipe (1) through the sample inlet (101);
the pushing unit (3) comprises two pushing sub-units which are positioned at two ends of the long constraint metal pipe (1) and are partially inserted into the long constraint metal pipe (1);
the power control unit (2) is used for providing power for the pushing unit (3), pushing the two pushing sub-units to move relative to the restraining metal long pipe (1) so as to press the powder sample into a sample column and push the sample column to the detection port (102);
the spectrum detection module uses laser to ablate the sample column at the detection port (102) to generate an optical signal, and generates the detection result of the sample column according to the spectrum information corresponding to the optical signal.
2. The laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy-based online powder detection device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the power control unit (2) comprises an air compressor (201) and two control branches connected with the air compressor (201);
the two pushing and pressing sub-units respectively comprise an air cylinder, an in-cylinder rod and a push rod, one end of the push rod is connected with the in-cylinder rod, the other end of the push rod is inserted into the constraint metal long pipe (1), and the air cylinders are communicated with the control branches in a one-to-one correspondence manner;
two airflow branches generated by the air compressor (201) respectively pass through the two control branches to adjust the speed and the direction, and then enter the cylinders communicated with the control branches so as to push the rod and the push rod in the cylinder to move relative to the constraint metal long pipe (1).
3. The laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy-based online powder detection device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the power control unit (2) comprises an air compressor (201), a hydraulic pump (202) and two control branches connected with the hydraulic pump (202);
the two pushing and pressing sub-units respectively comprise a hydraulic cylinder, an inner rod of the hydraulic cylinder and a push rod, one end of the push rod is connected with the inner rod of the hydraulic cylinder, the other end of the push rod is inserted into the constraint metal long pipe (1), and the hydraulic cylinders are communicated with the control branches in a one-to-one correspondence manner;
two hydraulic branches generated by the hydraulic pump (202) respectively pass through the two control branches to adjust the speed and the direction, and then enter the hydraulic cylinders communicated with the control branches so as to push the inner rod and the push rod of the hydraulic cylinder to move relative to the constraint metal long pipe (1).
4. The laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy-based online powder detection device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the power control unit (2) comprises an air compressor (201), two guide rails located at two ends of the constrained metal long tube (1), and a servo motor arranged on each guide rail, wherein the servo motor can move on the guide rails;
the two pushing and pressing sub-units comprise push rods, and the servo motors are connected with the push rods in a one-to-one correspondence mode to drive the push rods to move relative to the constraint metal long pipe (1).
5. The laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy-based online powder detection device according to any one of claims 2 to 4, further comprising a flow meter (4) and a nozzle (5); the nozzle (5) is horizontally arranged above the side of the detection port (102) and is connected to the air compressor (201) through the flow meter (4);
and a third airflow branch generated by the air compressor (201) enters the nozzle (5) after being subjected to speed regulation by the flowmeter (4) so as to blow away dust generated in the laser ablation process.
6. The laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy-based online powder detection device as claimed in any one of claims 2-4, wherein the push rod is in contact with the inner cavity of the long constraint metal tube (1), and the central axis of the push rod is coincident with the central axis of the long constraint metal tube (1).
7. The laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy-based online powder detection device as claimed in claim 1, wherein a recovery port (103) is opened on a side surface of the long constraint metal tube (1), and the detection port (102) is located between the sample inlet (101) and the recovery port (103);
after the detection is finished, the pushing unit (3) is also used for pushing the sample column to the recovery port (103) so that the sample column falls from the recovery port (103) under the action of gravity.
8. The laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy-based online powder detection device of claim 1, wherein the spectrum detection module comprises a laser (601), a focusing lens (602), a collection head (603), a spectrometer (604), and a data processing unit (605); the focusing lens (602) and the laser (601) are sequentially positioned above the detection port (102), the spectrometer (604) is connected with the collecting head (603) and the data processing unit (605), and the collecting head (603) is positioned above the side of the detection port (102).
9. The laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy-based online powder detection device of claim 8, wherein the collection head (603) collects the optical signal in a paraxial manner and transmits the collected optical signal to the spectrometer (604) through a multicore fiber.
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