CN112594961A - Double-row multistage tandem type magnetic refrigerator and heat exchange method thereof - Google Patents
Double-row multistage tandem type magnetic refrigerator and heat exchange method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112594961A CN112594961A CN202011636850.2A CN202011636850A CN112594961A CN 112594961 A CN112594961 A CN 112594961A CN 202011636850 A CN202011636850 A CN 202011636850A CN 112594961 A CN112594961 A CN 112594961A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000005347 demagnetization Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052688 Gadolinium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- UIWYJDYFSGRHKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N gadolinium atom Chemical compound [Gd] UIWYJDYFSGRHKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001371 Er alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 description 1
- QJVKUMXDEUEQLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [B].[Fe].[Nd] Chemical compound [B].[Fe].[Nd] QJVKUMXDEUEQLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTXFQUKNVGWGFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Er].[Gd] Chemical compound [Er].[Gd] RTXFQUKNVGWGFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- HQWUQSSKOBTIHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N gadolinium terbium Chemical compound [Gd][Tb] HQWUQSSKOBTIHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001172 neodymium magnet Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B21/00—Machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2321/00—Details of machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects
- F25B2321/002—Details of machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects by using magneto-caloric effects
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a double-row multistage tandem type magnetic refrigerator, which comprises: refrigeration storehouse, circulation system, heat transfer system, power device, the refrigeration storehouse includes: magnetic field system, working medium bed, power device, magnetic field system includes: the magnetic field single bodies are divided into two groups and are respectively arranged on the outer sides of the first working medium bed and the second working medium bed; the two groups of magnetic field single bodies are respectively fixed on the two bases, and the bases are provided with gear grooves; the working medium bed comprises a first working medium bed and a second working medium bed; the power device comprises: a motor, a reducer and a gear; the heat exchange system comprises: heat exchanger, regenerator, circulation system includes: the device comprises a programmable controller, a diaphragm water pump, a first electromagnetic valve, a second electromagnetic valve, a third electromagnetic valve, a fourth electromagnetic valve and a fifth electromagnetic valve. The invention also discloses a heat exchange method of the double-row multistage tandem magnetic refrigerator. The invention realizes the maximization of the magnetocaloric effect and greatly improves the working efficiency of magnetic refrigeration.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of room temperature magnetic refrigeration, in particular to a double-row multistage tandem type magnetic refrigerator and a heat exchange method thereof.
Background
At present, the traditional compression refrigeration can cause damage to the ozone layer, and can indirectly cause the change of the living environment of human beings. Gas compression refrigeration uses a fluorine-free refrigerant, such as R410, according to the montreal protocol and the kyoto protocol. Although the new refrigerant no longer has an adverse effect on ozone, the new refrigerant can cause a greenhouse effect and still destroy the natural environment.
In the traditional compressed gas refrigeration, refrigerant is compressed by a compressor in an isentropic manner, then enters a condenser for cooling, enters a throttle valve, finally exits the throttle valve and enters an evaporator, and the refrigerant circularly works according to the principle that four parts of the whole thermodynamic cycle are completed when the refrigerant passes through different mechanical parts. The thermodynamic cycle of room temperature magnetic field refrigeration is completed in the heat accumulator, the refrigerant, namely the magnetic working medium, is not moved, and the thermodynamic cycle can be completed only by the change of the magnetic field intensity, so that the thermal fluid circulation system for magnetic field refrigeration greatly improves the refrigeration working efficiency.
However, the traditional magnetic refrigeration method has a complex mechanical structure, and the demagnetization of the magnetic working medium in the room-temperature magnetic field refrigeration is incomplete, so that the magnetocaloric effect is incomplete.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a double-row multistage tandem type magnetic refrigerator and a heat exchange method thereof, which realize the maximization of a magnetocaloric effect and greatly improve the working efficiency of magnetic refrigeration.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the double-row multistage tandem type magnetic refrigerator includes: refrigeration storehouse, circulation system, heat transfer system, power device, the refrigeration storehouse includes: magnetic field system, working medium bed, power device, magnetic field system includes: the magnetic field single bodies are divided into two groups and are respectively arranged on the outer sides of the first working medium bed and the second working medium bed; the two groups of magnetic field single bodies are respectively fixed on the two bases, and the bases are provided with gear grooves; the working medium bed is of a closed structure and comprises a first working medium bed and a second working medium bed, a plurality of magnetic working media are divided into two groups and are respectively fixed in the first working medium bed and the second working medium bed, and gaps are reserved between the magnetic working media; the power device comprises: the gear is meshed with the gear groove and used for driving the base to move; the heat exchange system comprises: a heat exchanger and a cold accumulator; the circulation system includes: the device comprises a programmable controller, a diaphragm water pump, a first electromagnetic valve, a second electromagnetic valve, a third electromagnetic valve, a fourth electromagnetic valve and a fifth electromagnetic valve; the first electromagnetic valve and the third electromagnetic valve are connected in series, and the two ends of the first electromagnetic valve and the third electromagnetic valve are respectively connected with the first working medium bed and the second working medium bed through pipelines; the second electromagnetic valve and the fourth electromagnetic valve are connected in series, and the two ends of the second electromagnetic valve are respectively connected with the first working medium bed and the second working medium bed through pipelines; the diaphragm water pump and the fifth electromagnetic valve are connected in series, two ends of the diaphragm water pump and the fifth electromagnetic valve are respectively connected to one end of the heat exchanger, and the other end of the heat exchanger is connected to a pipeline between the first electromagnetic valve and the third electromagnetic valve; a connecting pipeline between the second electromagnetic valve and the fourth electromagnetic valve is connected with the diaphragm water pump and a connecting pipeline between the fifth electromagnetic valve through pipelines; two ends of the regenerator are respectively connected with the first working medium bed and the second working medium bed through pipelines.
Furthermore, flanges are welded at two ends of the working medium bed, the filter screen is installed on the flanges, a supporting plate is connected to the outer side of the flanges, and the bottom of the supporting plate is fixed to the refrigerating bin.
Furthermore, the magnetic working medium is a rare earth metal wire or a rare earth metal alloy wire, and the diameter of the magnetic working medium is 0.1mm-1 mm; and a diode refrigerating sheet is arranged in the refrigerating bin.
Further, a diode refrigeration piece for controlling the initial temperature of the refrigeration bin is arranged in the refrigeration bin, and the diode refrigeration piece is provided with a temperature sensor; the heat exchanger and the regenerator are provided with film platinum resistors for recording temperature changes.
Furthermore, a vacuum pressure gauge is arranged on the pipeline, the working medium bed, the pipeline, the heat exchanger and the cold accumulator are filled with heat exchange fluid, and a refrigeration box body is arranged outside the cold accumulator.
Further, the programmable controller is respectively connected with the diaphragm water pump, the first electromagnetic valve, the second electromagnetic valve, the third electromagnetic valve, the fourth electromagnetic valve and the fifth electromagnetic valve through signal lines and used for controlling starting and stopping; the programmable controller is connected with the motor through a lead and is used for controlling the rotation direction and the action frequency of the motor so as to control the time when the magnetic working medium enters or exits the magnetic field; the heat exchanger and the cold accumulator are provided with a film platinum resistor, and the programmable controller is connected with the vacuum pressure gauge, the temperature sensor and the film platinum resistor through leads and used for acquiring data.
The heat exchange method for the double-row multistage tandem magnetic refrigerator comprises the following steps:
when the second working medium bed is used for refrigerating and the first working medium bed is used for heating, the programmable controller controls the motors corresponding to the first working medium bed and the second working medium bed to be started, the speed reducer is matched with the gear to drive the magnetic field monomer on the outer side of the second working medium bed to move, the relative position of the magnetic working medium of the second working medium bed is moved to a gap position from a magnetic field position, and the temperature of the magnetic working medium is reduced under the demagnetization effect; the relative position of the magnetic working medium of the first working medium bed is moved to a magnetic field position from a gap position, and the temperature of the magnetic working medium is increased under the magnetizing action;
the programmable controller starts the diaphragm water pump, opens the first electromagnetic valve and the fourth electromagnetic valve, and closes the second electromagnetic valve, the third electromagnetic valve and the fifth electromagnetic valve; the heat exchange fluid is driven by the diaphragm pump to enter the second working medium bed from the fourth electromagnetic valve; and the cooled heat exchange fluid enters the first working medium bed, the heated heat exchange fluid enters the heat exchanger through the first electromagnetic valve, and the heat exchange fluid flows back to the diaphragm pump to complete heat exchange.
Preferably, when the second working medium bed heats and the first working medium bed refrigerates, the relative position of the magnetic working medium of the second working medium bed moves from the gap position to the magnetic field position, and the temperature of the magnetic working medium rises under the magnetizing action; the relative position of the magnetic working medium of the first working medium bed is moved from the magnetic field position to the gap position, and the temperature of the magnetic working medium is reduced under the demagnetization effect; opening the second electromagnetic valve and the third electromagnetic valve, and closing the first electromagnetic valve, the fourth electromagnetic valve and the fifth electromagnetic valve; the heat exchange fluid is driven by the diaphragm pump to enter the first working medium bed from the second electromagnetic valve; and the cooled heat exchange fluid enters the second working medium bed, the heated heat exchange fluid enters the heat exchanger through the third electromagnetic valve, and the heat exchange fluid flows back to the diaphragm pump to complete heat exchange.
Preferably, the programmable controller simultaneously controls the expansion and contraction frequency of the power device so as to control the time when the magnetic working medium enters or exits the magnetic field.
Preferably, the programmable controller controls the working medium bed to repeatedly enter and exit the magnetic field of the magnetic field monomer, the magnetic working medium is repeatedly magnetized and demagnetized, and the magnetic working medium realizes continuous refrigeration and heating by changing the temperature of the heat exchange fluid.
The invention has the technical effects that:
1. the double-row multistage tandem type magnetic refrigerator and the heat exchange method thereof can fully magnetize and demagnetize the magnetic working medium, improve the utilization rate of the magnetic heating effect of the magnetic working medium, realize the maximization of the magnetic heating effect and greatly improve the working efficiency of magnetic refrigeration.
2. In the traditional compressor refrigeration, a refrigerant is compressed by the compressor in an isentropic manner, then enters a condenser for cooling, enters a throttle valve, finally exits the throttle valve, enters an evaporator, and works according to the cycle, and four parts of the whole thermodynamic cycle are completed when the refrigerant passes through different mechanical parts. In the invention, the thermodynamic cycle of the magnetic refrigerator is completed in the refrigerating bin and the heat exchange system, and the thermodynamic cycle can be completed through the change of the magnetic field intensity, thereby greatly improving the refrigerating work efficiency.
3. The double-row series magnetic refrigeration method greatly strengthens the magnetic refrigeration operation mode, improves the magnetic refrigeration efficiency, fully utilizes the magnetic refrigeration effect and effectively shortens the refrigeration time.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a two-row multistage tandem magnetic refrigerator according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the power plant of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of a circulation system of a two-row multistage tandem type magnetic refrigerator according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description sufficiently illustrates specific embodiments of the invention to enable those skilled in the art to practice and reproduce it.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a two-row multistage tandem magnetic refrigerator according to the present invention. Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the power unit 13 according to the present invention.
The double-row multistage tandem type magnetic refrigerator includes: a refrigeration bin 1, a circulating system 2 and a heat exchange system 3; the refrigeration bin 1 changes the temperature of the magnetic working medium by using a magnetocaloric effect and transmits the cold energy or the heat energy generated by the magnetic working medium to the heat exchange fluid; the circulating system is connected with the heat exchange system 3 through a pipeline and is used for conveying heat exchange fluid to the heat exchange system 3; the heat exchange system 3 is used for exchanging cold or heat brought out by the heat exchange fluid.
(1) The refrigerating compartment 1 comprises: the device comprises a magnetic field system 11, a working medium bed 12, a power device 13 and a diode refrigerating sheet 17.
In the preferred embodiment, the magnetic field system 11 includes: a plurality of magnetic field single bodies 17 are arranged, gaps are reserved among the magnetic field single bodies, and the magnetic fields of the plurality of magnetic field single bodies 17 are identical in size and direction; the magnetic field monomers 17 are divided into two groups and are respectively arranged on the outer sides of the first working medium bed 121 and the second working medium bed 122. The magnetic field single body 17 adopts a neodymium iron boron permanent magnet. Two sets of magnetic field monomers 17 are respectively fixed on two bases 15, and the bases 15 are provided with gear grooves 151. One group of bases 15 fixed with the magnetic field single bodies 17 are positioned at two sides of the first working medium bed 121, and the other group of bases 15 fixed with the magnetic field single bodies 17 are positioned at two sides of the second working medium bed 122. The positions of the two groups of magnetic field single bodies 17 are staggered with each other.
The working medium bed 12 is of a closed structure and is connected with the circulating system 2 through a pipeline, flanges 14 are welded at two ends of the working medium bed, and the flanges are provided with filter screens; the outer side of the flange 14 is connected with a supporting plate, and the bottom of the supporting plate is fixed on the refrigerating bin 1; the plurality of magnetic field monomers are arranged on the outer side of the working medium bed 12, the plurality of magnetic working media 16 are divided into two groups and are respectively fixed in the first working medium bed 121 and the second working medium bed 122, and gaps are reserved among the plurality of magnetic working media 16.
Under the drive of the power device 13, the relative position of the magnetic medium 16 and the magnetic field monomer 17 changes, when the magnetic medium 16 moves to the gap position, the magnetic medium (magnetic material) 16 demagnetizes, and the magnetic medium 16 cools; when the magnetic working medium 16 moves from the gap position to the magnetic field position of the magnetic field monomer 17, the magnetic working medium 16 is magnetized, the magnetic entropy is reduced, the lattice entropy is increased, the atom activity is intensified, and the temperature of the magnetic material is increased. The magnetic working medium 16 is made of rare earth metal gadolinium wires with the diameter of 0.1mm-1mm, the gadolinium component accounts for more than 99%, and gadolinium terbium and gadolinium erbium alloy wires with the diameter of 0.1mm-1mm can be assembled in sections.
The power device 13 comprises a motor 131, a speed reducer 132 and a gear 133, wherein the gear 133 is engaged with the gear groove 151 and is used for driving the base 15 to move. The motor 131 provides power to the speed reducer 132, and the speed reducer 132 drives the gear 133 to rotate. The motor 131 is connected to the programmable controller through a signal line, and the motor 131 is powered by an external power supply. The power device 13 is used for driving the reciprocating motion of the magnetic field monomer to repeatedly magnetize/demagnetize the magnetic working medium 16.
The diode refrigeration piece 18 is used for controlling the initial temperature of the refrigeration bin 1, is provided with a temperature sensor, and starts refrigeration when the internal temperature of the refrigeration bin 1 reaches 20 ℃, so that the magnetocaloric effect of the magnetic working medium 16 is protected.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a circulation system of a two-row multistage tandem type magnetic refrigerator according to the present invention.
(2) The circulation system 2 includes: a programmable controller, a vacuum pressure gauge 21, a diaphragm water pump 22, a first electromagnetic valve 23, a second electromagnetic valve 24, a third electromagnetic valve 25, a fourth electromagnetic valve 26 and a fifth electromagnetic valve 27; the vacuum pressure gauge 21, the first electromagnetic valve 23, the second electromagnetic valve 24, the third electromagnetic valve 25 and the fourth electromagnetic valve 26 are sequentially arranged on a pipeline and are powered by an external power supply.
The first electromagnetic valve 23 and the third electromagnetic valve 25 are connected in series, and the two ends of the first electromagnetic valve are respectively connected with the first working medium bed 121 and the second working medium bed 122 through pipelines; the second electromagnetic valve 24 and the fourth electromagnetic valve 26 are connected in series, and the two ends of the second electromagnetic valve are respectively connected with the first working medium bed 121 and the second working medium bed 122 through pipelines; the diaphragm water pump 22 and the fifth electromagnetic valve 27 are connected in series, two ends of the diaphragm water pump and the fifth electromagnetic valve are respectively connected to one end of the heat exchanger 31, and the other end of the heat exchanger 31 is connected to a pipeline between the first electromagnetic valve 23 and the third electromagnetic valve 25; the second solenoid valve 24 and the fourth solenoid valve 26, and the diaphragm water pump 22 and the fifth solenoid valve 27 are connected by a pipeline.
The programmable controller is respectively connected with the motor, the vacuum pressure gauge 21, the diaphragm water pump 22, the first electromagnetic valve 23, the second electromagnetic valve 24, the third electromagnetic valve 25, the fourth electromagnetic valve 26 and the fifth electromagnetic valve 27 through signal lines and is used for controlling the start and stop of the structure. The programmable controller controls the rotation direction and the action frequency of the motor at the same time so as to control the time when the magnetic working medium 16 enters or exits the magnetic field.
The working medium bed 12, the pipeline, the heat exchanger 31 and the cold accumulator 32 are filled with heat exchange fluid, and the main component of the heat exchange fluid is H2O, a small amount of alcohol may be added. The first electromagnetic valve 23, the second electromagnetic valve 24, the third electromagnetic valve 25, the fourth electromagnetic valve 26 and the fifth electromagnetic valve 27 are direct-conduction electromagnetic valves, and the circulation of the heat exchange fluid is controlled by the five direct-conduction electromagnetic valves.
The vacuum pressure gauge 21 is used for measuring the pressure of the heat exchange circulation system 2.
The diaphragm water pump 22 is used as a power source of the heat exchange fluid to provide power for the cold and hot circulation.
(3) And the heat exchange system 3 comprises: the outlet of the heat exchanger 31 is respectively connected with the fifth electromagnetic valve 27 and the diaphragm water pump 22, and the inlet of the heat exchanger 31 is connected on a pipeline between the first electromagnetic valve 23 and the third electromagnetic valve 25; two ends of the regenerator 32 are respectively connected with the first working medium bed 121 and the second working medium bed 122 through pipelines.
The heat exchanger 31 and the regenerator 32 are provided with thin film platinum resistors for recording temperature changes. A refrigeration case 33 is provided outside the regenerator 32.
The heat exchange method for double-row multistage tandem magnetic refrigerator includes the following steps:
step 1: when the second working medium bed 122 refrigerates and the first working medium bed 121 heats, the programmable controller controls the motors 131 corresponding to the first working medium bed 121 and the second working medium bed 122 to start, the speed reducer 132 is matched with the gear 133 to drive the magnetic field monomer 17 at the outer side of the second working medium bed 122 to move, the relative position of the magnetic working medium 16 of the second working medium bed 122 moves from the magnetic field position to the gap position, and the temperature of the magnetic working medium 16 is reduced under the demagnetization effect; the relative position of the magnetic working medium 16 of the first working medium bed 121 is moved from the gap position to the magnetic field position, and the temperature of the magnetic working medium 16 is increased under the magnetizing action;
when the second working medium bed 122 heats and the first working medium bed 121 refrigerates, the relative position of the magnetic working medium 16 of the second working medium bed 122 moves from the gap position to the magnetic field position, and the temperature of the magnetic working medium 16 rises under the magnetizing action; the relative position of the magnetic medium 16 of the first medium bed 121 is moved from the magnetic field position to the gap position, and the temperature of the magnetic medium 16 is reduced under the demagnetization effect.
Step 2: the programmable controller starts the diaphragm water pump 22 to open the first electromagnetic valve 23 and the fourth electromagnetic valve 26, and close the second electromagnetic valve 24, the third electromagnetic valve 25 and the fifth electromagnetic valve 27; the heat exchange fluid is driven by the diaphragm pump 22, so that the heat exchange fluid enters the second working medium bed 122 from the fourth electromagnetic valve 26; the cooled heat exchange fluid enters the first working medium bed 121, the heated heat exchange fluid enters the heat exchanger 31 through the first electromagnetic valve 23, and the heat exchange fluid flows back to the diaphragm pump 22 to complete heat exchange.
The second solenoid valve 24 and the third solenoid valve 25 are opened, and the first solenoid valve 23, the fourth solenoid valve 26, and the fifth solenoid valve 27 are closed. The heat exchange fluid is driven by the diaphragm pump 22, so that the heat exchange fluid enters the first working medium bed 121 from the second electromagnetic valve 24; the cooled heat exchange fluid enters the second working medium bed 121, the heated heat exchange fluid enters the heat exchanger 31 through the third electromagnetic valve 25, and the heat exchange fluid flows back to the diaphragm pump 22 to complete heat exchange.
The start and stop of the diaphragm water pump 22 and the opening and closing time of the electromagnetic valves (the first electromagnetic valve 23, the second electromagnetic valve 24, the third electromagnetic valve 25, the fourth electromagnetic valve 26 and the fifth electromagnetic valve 27) are controlled by the programmable controller, the heat exchange fluid is driven by the diaphragm pump 22 to flow into the heat exchanger 31 at the hot end and the cold accumulator 32 at the cold end, and the temperatures of the heat exchanger 31 and the cold accumulator 32 are measured by the thin film platinum resistor, so that the refrigeration and the heating are realized.
The terminology used herein is for the purpose of description and illustration, rather than of limitation. As the present invention may be embodied in several forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof, it should also be understood that the above-described embodiments are not limited by any of the details of the foregoing description, but rather should be construed broadly within its spirit and scope as defined in the appended claims, and therefore all changes and modifications that fall within the meets and bounds of the claims, or equivalences of such meets and bounds are therefore intended to be embraced by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A double-row multistage tandem type magnetic refrigerator is characterized by comprising: refrigeration storehouse, circulation system, heat transfer system, power device, the refrigeration storehouse includes: magnetic field system, working medium bed, power device, magnetic field system includes: the magnetic field single bodies are divided into two groups and are respectively arranged on the outer sides of the first working medium bed and the second working medium bed; the two groups of magnetic field single bodies are respectively fixed on the two bases, and the bases are provided with gear grooves; the working medium bed is of a closed structure and comprises a first working medium bed and a second working medium bed, a plurality of magnetic working media are divided into two groups and are respectively fixed in the first working medium bed and the second working medium bed, and gaps are reserved between the magnetic working media; the power device comprises: the gear is meshed with the gear groove and used for driving the base to move; the heat exchange system comprises: a heat exchanger and a cold accumulator; the circulation system includes: the device comprises a programmable controller, a diaphragm water pump, a first electromagnetic valve, a second electromagnetic valve, a third electromagnetic valve, a fourth electromagnetic valve and a fifth electromagnetic valve; the first electromagnetic valve and the third electromagnetic valve are connected in series, and the two ends of the first electromagnetic valve and the third electromagnetic valve are respectively connected with the first working medium bed and the second working medium bed through pipelines; the second electromagnetic valve and the fourth electromagnetic valve are connected in series, and the two ends of the second electromagnetic valve are respectively connected with the first working medium bed and the second working medium bed through pipelines; the diaphragm water pump and the fifth electromagnetic valve are connected in series, two ends of the diaphragm water pump and the fifth electromagnetic valve are respectively connected to one end of the heat exchanger, and the other end of the heat exchanger is connected to a pipeline between the first electromagnetic valve and the third electromagnetic valve; a connecting pipeline between the second electromagnetic valve and the fourth electromagnetic valve is connected with the diaphragm water pump and a connecting pipeline between the fifth electromagnetic valve through pipelines; two ends of the regenerator are respectively connected with the first working medium bed and the second working medium bed through pipelines.
2. The double-row multistage tandem type magnetic refrigerator according to claim 1, wherein flanges are welded to both ends of the working medium bed, filter screens are installed on the flanges, a support plate is connected to the outer side of the flanges, and the bottom of the support plate is fixed to the refrigerating chamber.
3. The double-row multistage tandem magnetic refrigerator according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic medium is a rare earth wire or a rare earth alloy wire, and the diameter is 0.1mm to 1 mm; and a diode refrigerating sheet is arranged in the refrigerating bin.
4. The double-row multistage series magnetic refrigerator according to claim 1, wherein a diode refrigeration piece for controlling the starting temperature of the refrigeration bin is arranged inside the refrigeration bin, and the diode refrigeration piece is provided with a temperature sensor; the heat exchanger and the regenerator are provided with film platinum resistors for recording temperature changes.
5. The double-row multistage series magnetic refrigerator according to claim 1, wherein a vacuum pressure gauge is provided on the pipeline, the working medium bed, the pipeline, the heat exchanger, and the regenerator are filled with a heat exchange fluid, and a refrigeration box is provided outside the regenerator.
6. The double-row multistage series magnetic refrigerator according to claim 1, wherein the programmable controller is connected with the diaphragm water pump, the first solenoid valve, the second solenoid valve, the third solenoid valve, the fourth solenoid valve and the fifth solenoid valve through signal lines respectively, and is used for controlling starting and stopping; the programmable controller is connected with the motor through a lead and is used for controlling the rotation direction and the action frequency of the motor so as to control the time when the magnetic working medium enters or exits the magnetic field; the heat exchanger and the cold accumulator are provided with a film platinum resistor, and the programmable controller is connected with the vacuum pressure gauge, the temperature sensor and the film platinum resistor through leads and used for acquiring data.
7. The heat exchange method for a double-row multistage tandem magnetic refrigerator according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising:
when the second working medium bed is used for refrigerating and the first working medium bed is used for heating, the programmable controller controls the motors corresponding to the first working medium bed and the second working medium bed to be started, the speed reducer is matched with the gear to drive the magnetic field monomer on the outer side of the second working medium bed to move, the relative position of the magnetic working medium of the second working medium bed is moved to a gap position from a magnetic field position, and the temperature of the magnetic working medium is reduced under the demagnetization effect; the relative position of the magnetic working medium of the first working medium bed is moved to a magnetic field position from a gap position, and the temperature of the magnetic working medium is increased under the magnetizing action;
the programmable controller starts the diaphragm water pump, opens the first electromagnetic valve and the fourth electromagnetic valve, and closes the second electromagnetic valve, the third electromagnetic valve and the fifth electromagnetic valve; the heat exchange fluid is driven by the diaphragm pump to enter the second working medium bed from the fourth electromagnetic valve; and the cooled heat exchange fluid enters the first working medium bed, the heated heat exchange fluid enters the heat exchanger through the first electromagnetic valve, and the heat exchange fluid flows back to the diaphragm pump to complete heat exchange.
8. The heat exchange method of a double-row multistage series magnetic refrigerator as claimed in claim 7, wherein when the second working medium bed heats and the first working medium bed cools, the relative position of the magnetic working medium of the second working medium bed moves from the gap position to the magnetic field position, and the temperature of the magnetic working medium rises under the action of magnetization; the relative position of the magnetic working medium of the first working medium bed is moved from the magnetic field position to the gap position, and the temperature of the magnetic working medium is reduced under the demagnetization effect; opening the second electromagnetic valve and the third electromagnetic valve, and closing the first electromagnetic valve, the fourth electromagnetic valve and the fifth electromagnetic valve; the heat exchange fluid is driven by the diaphragm pump to enter the first working medium bed from the second electromagnetic valve; and the cooled heat exchange fluid enters the second working medium bed, the heated heat exchange fluid enters the heat exchanger through the third electromagnetic valve, and the heat exchange fluid flows back to the diaphragm pump to complete heat exchange.
9. The heat exchanging method of a double row multistage series magnetic refrigerator as claimed in claim 7, wherein the programmable controller controls the expansion and contraction frequency of the power device at the same time to control the timing of the magnetic medium entering or exiting the magnetic field.
10. The heat exchange method of a double-row multistage series magnetic refrigerator as claimed in claim 7, wherein the programmable controller controls the magnetic field of the magnetic field monomer to repeatedly enter and exit the working medium bed, the magnetic working medium is repeatedly magnetized and demagnetized, and the magnetic working medium realizes continuous refrigeration and heating by changing the temperature of the heat exchange fluid.
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