CN112594664A - Intelligent hydrophobic steam-air preheater system and automatic control method thereof - Google Patents
Intelligent hydrophobic steam-air preheater system and automatic control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112594664A CN112594664A CN202011481470.6A CN202011481470A CN112594664A CN 112594664 A CN112594664 A CN 112594664A CN 202011481470 A CN202011481470 A CN 202011481470A CN 112594664 A CN112594664 A CN 112594664A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22D—PREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
- F22D1/00—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters
- F22D1/36—Water and air preheating systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22D—PREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
- F22D1/00—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters
- F22D1/50—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters incorporating thermal de-aeration of feed-water
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22D—PREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
- F22D11/00—Feed-water supply not provided for in other main groups
- F22D11/02—Arrangements of feed-water pumps
- F22D11/06—Arrangements of feed-water pumps for returning condensate to boiler
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of household garbage incineration power generation, in particular to an intelligent hydrophobic steam-air preheater system and an automatic control method thereof, wherein the intelligent hydrophobic steam-air preheater system comprises the following steps: the air flow direction is as follows in sequence: the system comprises a low-pressure steam purge gas condensation section (1), a low-pressure steam supercooling section (2), a high-pressure steam supercooling section (3), a low-pressure steam condensation section (4) and a high-pressure steam condensation section (5); the steam-air preheater drainage system comprises: the device comprises a low-pressure drain tank (6), a high-pressure drain tank (7), a liquid level meter (8), a low-pressure drain regulating valve (9), a high-pressure drain regulating valve (10), a throttling orifice plate (11), a high-pressure steam scavenging gas regulating valve (14), a high-pressure steam scavenging gas regulating valve (15), a low-pressure steam scavenging gas regulating valve (16) and a low-pressure steam scavenging gas throttling valve (17). A part of high-pressure steam which is not condensed in the drain tank is introduced into the low-pressure side by arranging a connecting pipeline at the top of the high-low drain tank, the steam flow inside the heat exchange pipe of the preheater is ensured, and the condensed water in the heat exchange pipe can be timely discharged into the drain tank through the steam flow inside the heat exchange pipe, so that the heat exchanger is ensured to be in higher heat exchange capacity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of waste incineration power generation, in particular to an intelligent hydrophobic steam-air preheater system and an automatic control method thereof.
Background
Because the moisture content is higher in the rubbish, in order to make rubbish burning more abundant stable, improve boiler combustion efficiency, need dry rubbish, supplementary burning with high temperature air. At present, most of domestic garbage incinerators adopt steam-air preheaters arranged outside boilers. Most of the prior steam-air preheater drainage systems of the garbage power plant preheaters adopt mechanical drainage valves, and the frequent switching of the mechanical drainage valves leads to the increase of the failure rate of the drainage valves, so that the systems cannot stably run for a long time, and the failure and steam leakage of the drainage valves reduce the heat exchange efficiency of the steam-air preheaters. The problem of a drainage system causes that the heat exchanger can not reach the designed heat exchange capacity of the steam-air preheater, and the heat exchange effect of the steam-air preheater and the service life of an equipment pipeline are seriously influenced.
Another significant drawback of conventionally designed steam-air preheaters is that with respect to the heat exchange tubes in the preheater, particularly the horizontal serpentine tubes, if steam does not flow within the heat exchange tubes, condensate can accumulate on the lower portion of the heat exchange tubes, affecting the steam-air heat exchange performance. Therefore, efficient, stable operation of the preheater system requires a reliable drainage system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides an intelligent hydrophobic steam-air preheater system and an automatic control method thereof.
An intelligent hydrophobic steam-air preheater system comprises five heat exchange sections; the preheater is sequentially as follows along the air flow direction: the system comprises a low-pressure steam purge gas condensation section (1), a low-pressure steam supercooling section (2), a high-pressure steam supercooling section (3), a low-pressure steam condensation section (4) and a high-pressure steam condensation section (5); the steam-air preheater drainage system comprises: the device comprises a low-pressure drain tank (6), a high-pressure drain tank (7), a liquid level meter (8), a low-pressure drain regulating valve (9), a high-pressure drain regulating valve (10), a throttling orifice plate (11), a high-pressure steam scavenging gas regulating valve (14), a high-pressure steam scavenging gas throttling valve (15), a low-pressure steam scavenging gas regulating valve (16) and a low-pressure steam scavenging gas throttling valve (17).
An inlet of the low-pressure steam purge gas condensing section (1) is connected with a steam outlet at the top of the low-pressure drain tank (6) through a connecting pipeline; the outlet of the low-pressure steam sweeping gas condensation section (1) is connected with a drainage main pipe through a connecting pipeline; the inlet of the low-pressure steam condensation section (4) is connected with the top of the high-pressure drain tank (7) through a connecting pipeline; the inlets of the low-pressure drain tank (6) and the high-pressure drain tank (7) are respectively connected with the outlet of the low-pressure steam condensing section (4) and the outlet of the high-pressure steam condensing section (5) through connecting pipelines; the inlets of the low-pressure steam supercooling section (2) and the high-pressure steam supercooling section (3) are respectively connected with the outlets of the low-pressure drain tank (6) and the high-pressure drain tank (7) through connecting pipelines; the low-pressure drain regulating valve (9) and the high-pressure drain regulating valve (10) are arranged on outlet pipelines of the low-pressure supercooling section and the high-pressure supercooling section and are respectively regulated through liquid levels of the low-pressure drain tank (6) and the high-pressure drain tank (7).
An electric regulating valve (14) and a throttle valve (15) are arranged on the high-pressure steam sweeping gas pipeline, and the liquid level of the high-pressure drain tank (7) and the air temperature at the outlet of the preheater are regulated; an electric regulating valve (16) and a throttle valve (17) are arranged on the low-pressure steam sweeping gas pipeline, and the liquid level of the low-pressure drain tank (6) and the air temperature at the outlet of the low-pressure steam condensing section (4) are regulated. 15 is arranged on the purge gas branch, and the high-pressure steam purge gas throttle valve (15) and the low-pressure steam purge gas throttle valve (17) ensure that the pressure in the low-pressure drain tank (6) and the high-pressure drain tank (7) is kept stable, so that the pressure in the drain tank is prevented from being reduced too much.
High-pressure steam forms saturated water after heat exchange through the high-pressure steam condensation section (5), and high-pressure saturated drainage enters the deaerator through the high-pressure drainage main pipe after further heat exchange through the high-pressure steam supercooling section (3) to form supercooled water. The low-pressure steam forms saturated water after heat exchange in the low-pressure steam condensing section (4), and the low-pressure saturated water forms subcooled water after further heat exchange in the low-pressure steam subcooling section (2) and enters the deaerator.
The automatic drainage control logic is as follows: when the air temperature at the outlet of the preheater is lower than a set value and the liquid level in the drain tank is lower than the set value, delaying for a plurality of times through a timer, and opening a steam scavenging gas branch regulating valve; when the air temperature at the outlet of the preheater reaches a set value or the liquid level in the drain tank is higher than the set value, delaying for a plurality of times, and closing the steam scavenging gas branch regulating valve.
The invention also provides an automatic control method of the intelligent hydrophobic steam-air preheater system, high-pressure steam enters a high-pressure steam condensation section (5) for heat exchange, condensed water generated by heat exchange enters a high-pressure hydrophobic tank (7), the condensed water enters a high-pressure steam supercooling section (3) for heat exchange, and finally, generated supercooled water enters a deaerator; the high-pressure drain regulating valve (10) regulates the liquid level of the high-pressure drain tank (7); when the liquid level in the drain tank is higher than a set value, the high-pressure drain regulating valve (10) is opened; in operation, when the high-pressure drain regulating valve (10) is opened, the high-pressure steam purge gas regulating valve (14) is closed; when the liquid level in the high-pressure drain tank (7) is lower than a set value and the air temperature at the outlet of the preheater is lower than a set value, the high-pressure steam purge gas regulating valve (14) is opened after time delay, a small amount of uncondensed steam is introduced into the low-pressure steam condensing section (4) through a connecting pipe at the top of the high-pressure drain tank (7) for heat exchange, the steam in a heat exchange pipe of the high-pressure steam condensing section (5) is ensured to be always in a flowing state, the flow of the steam in the heat exchange pipe is ensured to discharge condensed water in the heat exchange pipe into the high-pressure drain tank (7) in time, and the high-pressure; similarly, low-pressure steam enters a low-pressure steam condensing section (4) for heat exchange, condensed water generated by heat exchange enters a low-pressure drain tank (6), the condensed water enters a low-pressure steam supercooling section (2) for heat exchange, and finally, supercooled water is generated and enters a drain pipeline; the low-pressure drain regulating valve (9) regulates the liquid level of the low-pressure drain tank (6); when the liquid level in the drain tank is higher than a set value, the low-pressure drain regulating valve (9) is opened; in operation, when the low-pressure drain regulating valve (9) is opened, the low-pressure steam purge gas regulating valve (16) is closed; when the liquid level in the low-pressure drain tank (6) is lower than a set value and the outlet air temperature of the low-pressure steam condensation section (4) is lower than the set value, the low-pressure steam scavenging gas regulating valve (16) is opened after time delay, a small amount of uncondensed steam is introduced into the low-pressure steam scavenging gas supercooling section (1) through a connecting pipe at the top of the low-pressure drain tank for heat exchange, the steam in the heat exchange pipe of the low-pressure steam condensation section (4) is ensured to be always in a flowing state, the steam flowing in the heat exchange pipe is ensured to ensure that the condensed water in the heat exchange pipe can be discharged into the low-pressure drain tank (6) in time, and; the high-pressure steam scavenging throttle valve (15) and the low-pressure steam scavenging throttle valve (17) are arranged on the scavenging branch to ensure that the pressure in the low-pressure drain tank (6) and the high-pressure drain tank (7) is kept stable, so that the pressure in the drain tank is prevented from being reduced too much.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the system is safe, reliable, stable and efficient. According to the drainage condition of the preheater and the air temperature at the outlet of the preheater, the high-pressure steam entering the drainage tank is automatically controlled to be introduced to the low-pressure side, the steam in the heat exchange tube is ensured to be in a flowing state all the time, the condensed water in the heat exchange tube is timely discharged, the drainage performance of the preheater is improved, and the heat exchanger is ensured to have good heat exchange capacity.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an intelligent hydrophobic steam-air preheater system according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a logic diagram of the hydrophobic automatic control of the present invention.
In the figure 1, a low-pressure steam purge gas condensation section, 2, a low-pressure steam supercooling section, 3, a high-pressure steam supercooling section, 4, a low-pressure steam condensation section, 5, a high-pressure steam condensation section, 6, a low-pressure drain tank, 7, a high-pressure drain tank, 8, a liquid level meter, 9, a low-pressure drain regulating valve, 10, a high-pressure drain regulating valve, 11, a throttling orifice plate, 12, a filter, 13, a stop valve, 14, a high-pressure steam purge gas regulating valve, 15, a high-pressure steam purge gas throttling valve, 16, a low-pressure steam purge gas regulating valve and 17, the low-pressure steam purge gas.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of more clearly describing the objects and technical solutions of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
The following are specific examples of the present invention: taking a garbage power plant primary air steam-air preheater with steam parameters of 4.0Mpa/450 ℃ as an example, the primary air amount is 67058Nm3/h, the designed inlet air temperature is 15 ℃, the outlet air temperature of the low-pressure steam section is 140 ℃, and the outlet air temperature of the high-pressure steam section is 177 ℃. The parameters of the primary air preheater high-pressure steam from the steam drum saturated steam are as follows: 4.8Mpa/261.4 ℃, low-pressure steam comes from the first-stage steam extraction of the steam turbine, and the parameters are as follows: 1.05MPa/285 deg.C. When the preheater system normally operates, primary air-cooled air (15 ℃) passes through the low-pressure steam purge gas condensing section (1) from the inlet section of the preheater in sequence (the heating section is in discontinuous operation, air temperature rise is not considered in design), the low-pressure steam supercooling section (2) is heated to 23.3 ℃, the high-pressure steam supercooling section (3) is heated to 55 ℃, the low-pressure steam condensing section (4) is heated to 110 ℃, and the high-pressure steam condensing section (5) is heated to 177 ℃. The consumption of low-pressure steam is 2.5 t/h; the high-pressure steam consumption is 3.6 t/h.
During operation, high-pressure steam (4.8Mpa/261.4 ℃) enters the high-pressure steam condensation section (5) for heat exchange, condensed water generated by heat exchange enters the high-pressure drain tank (7), the condensed water enters the high-pressure steam supercooling section (3) for heat exchange, and finally, generated supercooled water enters the deaerator. The high-pressure drain regulating valve (10) is used for regulating through the liquid level of the high-pressure drain tank (7). When the liquid level in the drain tank is higher than a set value (100mm), the high-pressure drain regulating valve (10) is opened. In operation, when the high pressure trap regulating valve (10) is open, the high pressure steam purge gas regulating valve (14) is closed. When the liquid level is lower than a set value (100mm) in the high-pressure drain tank (7) and the air temperature at the outlet of the preheater is lower than a set value (177 ℃), the high-pressure steam scavenging gas regulating valve (14) is opened after 2 minutes of delay, a small amount of uncondensed steam is introduced into the low-pressure steam condensation section (4) through the connecting pipe at the top of the high-pressure drain tank (7) for heat exchange, the steam in the heat exchange pipe of the high-pressure steam condensation section (5) is always in a flowing state, the condensed water in the heat exchange pipe can be timely discharged into the high-pressure drain tank (7) through the steam flowing in the heat exchange pipe, and the high-pressure steam condensation section (5. Similarly, low-pressure steam enters a low-pressure steam (1.05Mpa/285 ℃) condensation section (4) for heat exchange, condensed water generated by heat exchange enters a low-pressure drain tank (6), the condensed water enters a low-pressure steam supercooling section (2) for heat exchange, and finally, generated supercooled water enters a drain pipeline. The low-pressure drain regulating valve (9) is used for regulating through the liquid level of the low-pressure drain tank (6). When the liquid level in the drain tank is higher than a set value (100mm), the low-pressure drain regulating valve (9) is opened. In operation, when the low pressure trap regulating valve (9) is open, the low pressure steam purge gas regulating valve (16) is closed. When the liquid level in the low-pressure steam condensation tank (6) is lower than a set value (140 ℃) and the outlet air temperature of the low-pressure steam condensation section (4) is lower than a set value (100mm), the time delay is 2 minutes, the low-pressure steam scavenging gas regulating valve (16) is opened, a small amount of uncondensed steam is introduced into the low-pressure steam scavenging gas supercooling section (1) through a connecting pipe at the top of the low-pressure steam condensation tank for heat exchange, the steam in the heat exchange pipe of the low-pressure steam condensation section (4) is always in a flowing state, the condensed water in the heat exchange pipe can be timely discharged into the low-pressure steam condensation tank (6) through the steam flowing inside the heat exchange pipe, and the low-pressure steam. The high-pressure steam scavenging throttle valve (15) and the low-pressure steam scavenging throttle valve (17) are arranged on the scavenging branch to ensure that the pressure in the low-pressure drain tank (6) and the high-pressure drain tank (7) is kept stable, so that the pressure in the drain tank is prevented from being reduced too much.
The on-spot actual conditions of case are for adopting mechanical trap, and after mechanical trap goes wrong (the drainage is taken steam), steam heat is not make full use of, and the actual heating temperature of this case is: the air temperature at the outlet of the low-pressure steam section is 110 ℃, and the air temperature at the outlet of the preheater is 177 ℃. The actual low-pressure steam consumption is 3.9t/h, and the high-pressure steam consumption is 4.01 t/h.
According to the embodiment, the heat exchange capacity of the preheater is improved by improving the hydrophobic property of the preheater, the consumption of low-pressure steam is reduced by 1.4t/h, the consumption of high-pressure steam is reduced by 0.4t/h, and the consumption of steam of the preheater is greatly reduced.
Claims (2)
1. An intelligent hydrophobic steam-air preheater system comprises five heat exchange sections; the preheater is sequentially as follows along the air flow direction: the system comprises a low-pressure steam purge gas condensation section (1), a low-pressure steam supercooling section (2), a high-pressure steam supercooling section (3), a low-pressure steam condensation section (4) and a high-pressure steam condensation section (5); the steam-air preheater drainage system comprises: the device comprises a low-pressure drain tank (6), a high-pressure drain tank (7), a liquid level meter (8), a low-pressure drain regulating valve (9), a high-pressure drain regulating valve (10), a throttling orifice plate (11), a high-pressure steam scavenging gas regulating valve (14), a high-pressure steam scavenging gas throttling valve (15), a low-pressure steam scavenging gas regulating valve (16) and a low-pressure steam scavenging gas throttling valve (17);
an inlet of the low-pressure steam purge gas condensing section (1) is connected with a steam outlet at the top of the low-pressure drain tank (6) through a connecting pipeline; the outlet of the low-pressure steam sweeping gas condensation section (1) is connected with a drainage main pipe through a connecting pipeline; the inlet of the low-pressure steam condensation section (4) is connected with the top of the high-pressure drain tank (7) through a connecting pipeline; the inlets of the low-pressure drain tank (6) and the high-pressure drain tank (7) are respectively connected with the outlet of the low-pressure steam condensing section (4) and the outlet of the high-pressure steam condensing section (5) through connecting pipelines; the inlets of the low-pressure steam supercooling section (2) and the high-pressure steam supercooling section (3) are respectively connected with the outlets of the low-pressure drain tank (6) and the high-pressure drain tank (7) through connecting pipelines; the low-pressure drain regulating valve (9) and the high-pressure drain regulating valve (10) are arranged on outlet pipelines of the low-pressure supercooling section and the high-pressure supercooling section and are respectively regulated through liquid levels of the low-pressure drain tank (6) and the high-pressure drain tank (7);
an electric regulating valve (14) and a throttle valve (15) are arranged on the high-pressure steam sweeping gas pipeline, and the liquid level of the high-pressure drain tank (7) and the air temperature at the outlet of the preheater are regulated; an electric regulating valve (16) and a throttle valve (17) are arranged on the low-pressure steam sweeping gas pipeline, and the liquid level of the low-pressure drain tank (6) and the air temperature at the outlet of the low-pressure steam condensing section (4) are regulated; the high-pressure steam scavenging air throttle valve (15) and the low-pressure steam scavenging air throttle valve (17) are arranged on the scavenging air branch to ensure that the pressure in the low-pressure drain tank (6) and the high-pressure drain tank (7) is kept stable, so that the pressure in the drain tank is prevented from being reduced too much;
when the air temperature at the outlet of the preheater is lower than a set value and the liquid level of the drain tank is lower than the set value, delaying for a plurality of times through a timer, and opening a steam scavenging gas branch regulating valve; when the air temperature at the outlet of the preheater reaches a set value or the liquid level of the drain tank is higher than the set value, delaying for a plurality of times, and closing the steam scavenging gas branch regulating valve.
2. The automatic control method of the intelligent hydrophobic steam-air preheater system is characterized in that high-pressure steam enters a high-pressure steam condensing section (5) for heat exchange, condensed water generated by heat exchange enters a high-pressure drain tank (7), the condensed water enters a high-pressure steam supercooling section (3) for heat exchange, and finally, supercooled water is generated and enters a deaerator; the high-pressure drain regulating valve (10) regulates the liquid level of the high-pressure drain tank (7); when the liquid level in the drain tank is higher than a set value, the high-pressure drain regulating valve (10) is opened; in operation, when the high-pressure drain regulating valve (10) is opened, the high-pressure steam purge gas regulating valve (14) is closed; when the liquid level in the high-pressure drain tank (7) is lower than a set value and the air temperature at the outlet of the preheater is lower than a set value, the high-pressure steam purge gas regulating valve (14) is opened after time delay, a small amount of uncondensed steam is introduced into the low-pressure steam condensing section (4) through a connecting pipe at the top of the high-pressure drain tank (7) for heat exchange, the steam in a heat exchange pipe of the high-pressure steam condensing section (5) is ensured to be always in a flowing state, the flow of the steam in the heat exchange pipe is ensured to discharge condensed water in the heat exchange pipe into the high-pressure drain tank (7) in time, and the high-pressure; similarly, low-pressure steam enters a low-pressure steam condensing section (4) for heat exchange, condensed water generated by heat exchange enters a low-pressure drain tank (6), the condensed water enters a low-pressure steam supercooling section (2) for heat exchange, and finally, supercooled water is generated and enters a drain pipeline; the low-pressure drain regulating valve (9) regulates the liquid level of the low-pressure drain tank (6); when the liquid level in the drain tank is higher than a set value, the low-pressure drain regulating valve (9) is opened; in operation, when the low-pressure drain regulating valve (9) is opened, the low-pressure steam purge gas regulating valve (16) is closed; when the liquid level in the low-pressure drain tank (6) is lower than a set value and the outlet air temperature of the low-pressure steam condensation section (4) is lower than the set value, the low-pressure steam scavenging gas regulating valve (16) is opened after time delay, a small amount of uncondensed steam is introduced into the low-pressure steam scavenging gas supercooling section (1) through a connecting pipe at the top of the low-pressure drain tank for heat exchange, the steam in the heat exchange pipe of the low-pressure steam condensation section (4) is ensured to be always in a flowing state, the steam flowing in the heat exchange pipe is ensured to ensure that the condensed water in the heat exchange pipe can be discharged into the low-pressure drain tank (6) in time, and; the high-pressure steam scavenging throttle valve (15) and the low-pressure steam scavenging throttle valve (17) are arranged on the scavenging branch to ensure that the pressure in the low-pressure drain tank (6) and the high-pressure drain tank (7) is kept stable, so that the pressure in the drain tank is prevented from being reduced too much.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113375185A (en) * | 2021-06-08 | 2021-09-10 | 连云港万达电站辅机有限公司 | Efficient and energy-saving primary air preheating method |
| CN114183741A (en) * | 2021-12-16 | 2022-03-15 | 南通万达锅炉有限公司 | Multi-heat-source adjusting system for waste incineration boiler |
| CN114279252A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-04-05 | 上海康恒环境股份有限公司 | Steam-air preheater system |
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