CN112590604A - 一种新能源汽车充电桩群运营管理*** - Google Patents
一种新能源汽车充电桩群运营管理*** Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供一种新能源汽车充电桩群运营管理***,包括数据终端、数据传输单元、数据处理单元、运维管理中心,将充电桩群纳入统一管理,对区域内充电桩的实时状态监测,根根据用户请求对充电桩群调度,根据用户的剩余电量、用户位置、充电桩等待时间,通过聚类算法给出用户充电的最优方案,更加高效的利用充电桩,疏通拥挤状态。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于新能源汽车领域,尤其涉及一种新能源汽车充电桩的管理***。
背景技术
当前,充电桩在进行数据通信过程中,利用服务器采集不同充电桩的实时运行数据以及充电信息等,并存储在云管理平台当中,云管理平台将所获取到的充电桩信息进行整理、分析处理,便于运维管理人员借助电脑、移动设备等来掌握充电桩的实时状态。新能源汽车的用户需要充电时,需要上网搜索附近哪有充电桩,但是对充电桩是否能用,充电桩需要等待的时间无法判断,导致有些充电桩使用情况拥挤,有些充电桩闲置时间较长,充电桩得不到高效利用。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种新能源汽车充电桩群运营管理***,并通过管理***的数据处理单元,按照充电桩群的实时状态和用户的充电需求进行充电桩调度,以解决上述背景技术中提出的问题。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供如下技术方案:
一种新能源汽车充电桩群运营管理***,包括数据终端、数据传输单元、数据处理单元、运维管理中心,所述数据终端包括充电桩群和用户端的APP,所述数据传输单元通过控制接口、无线网络和北斗导航接收充电桩群的运行状态信息,所述运维管理中心包括监控中心和远程维护,所述数据处理单元包括根据用户充电请求对充电桩群进行调度。
进一步的,所述数据处理单元根据用户请求对充电桩群调度的流程为:
S1:用户发起充电请求,输入剩余电量、用户实时位置,发送至运营管理***的数据处理单元,
S2:数据处理单元调取区域内新能源汽车充电桩的位置、预约充电的车辆信息,
S3:数据处理单元统计各充电桩与请求用户的距离、待充电的汽车数量及待充电时间,
S4:通过请求用户的剩余电量、用户位置和排队等待时间,给出充电的最优方案。
所述通过请求用户的剩余电量、用户位置和排队等待时间,采用聚类算法给出充电的最优方案,具体计算方法如下:
(1)基于充电管理的历史数据,以每天24小时为一个周期,采集每个周期内用户APP的剩余电量、用户位置和排队等待时间等,形成N个量测数据,每个量测数据的维度设为M,这些数据构成N×M阶数据矩阵S。
(2)以充电桩的地理位置和充电桩的使用时间为参考,检查每个周期内用户的位置和充电桩排队等待时间之间的差异性,当两者不一致时判定为无效数据。将无效数据删除,根据无效数据前后的有效数据,建立修正关系,用修正以后的数值替代无效数据,该修改函数公式表示为:
其中,Q′i,j为无效数据修正以后的值,Qi,j为无效数据,k和l代表数据向前和向后采集,
k1、l1为边界值,根据充电管理的历史数据数量来确定。假设被处理的无效数据有X条,经过修正的数据矩阵为(N-X)×M。
(3)选取3个出现频率高的剩余电量、用户位置和排队等待时间,对修正后的数据矩阵降维处理,得到(N-X)×3阶矩阵。
(4)对(N-X)×3阶矩阵中随机抽样,样本容量为聚类数t,初始聚类中心为
计算(N-X)×3矩阵到聚类中心的欧式距离,如下:
其中,yi1,yi2,yi3分别是剩余电量、用户位置和排队等待时间指标有效数据中第i个样本,gj1,gj2,gj3分别是剩余电量、用户位置和排队等待时间指标有效数据中第j个聚类中心,W为3维剩余电量、用户位置和排队等待时间指标的权重向量,W=[w1,w2,w3],且w1+w2+w3=1。
(5)计算(N-X)×3矩阵的样本平方误差Jc(r):
r为迭代次数。当Jc(t-1)>Jc(t),计算过程终止。通过公式(3)计算最小的欧式距离min(d(i,j)),得到剩余电量、用户位置和排队等待时间三个指标的最优解。
进一步的,数据传输单元控制接口在充电设备异常时将异常数据传输给数据处理单元,数据处理单元确认为异常数据后,通过监控中心远程控制充电桩开关。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:本发明将充电桩群纳入统一管理,通过用户请求和区域内充电桩的实时状态监测,根据用户的剩余电量、用户位置、充电桩等待时间,通过聚类算法给出用户充电的最优方案,更加高效的利用充电桩,疏通拥挤状态。
附图说明
图1为本发明新能源汽车充电桩群的管理***示意图;
图2为本发明数据处理单元的充电桩群调度流程示意图;
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
请参阅图1-2,本发明提供一种技术方案:
一种新能源汽车充电桩群运营管理***,包括数据终端、数据传输单元、数据处理单元、运维管理单元,数据终端包括充电桩群和用户端的APP,数据传输单元实现通过控制接口、无线网络和北斗导航接收充电桩群的运行状态信息,数据处理单元实现充电桩群的调度和充电桩群充电异常处理,运维管理中心包括监控中心、远程维护和***管理。
数据终端的充电桩群可以将一个区域局部或全部的充电桩纳入管理范围。数据终端的新能源汽车用户可以通过APP及时看到充电桩的运行状态,选择合适的充电桩进行充电。
数据传输单元的控制接口实时采集充电桩的运行信息,控制接口和无线网络设备之间采用STM32处理器,该处理器兼容性较高,且可以远程控制。控制接口通过CAN总线无线网络设备,采集到的信息通过无线网络发送至北斗网关,再通过北斗通信***物联网传输至服务器,运维管理中心及时掌握充电桩的信息并进行远程控制。
运维管理中心的监控中心一方面监控充电桩的运行状态,另一方面根据用户输入,记录用户需求,包括用户名、连接地址、充电执行次数、充电执行时间、车型等记录信息。
数据处理单元包括充电桩充电异常处理和充电桩群的调度。当充电桩出现宕机、数据库连接异常或用户操作异常等异常数据,远程维护通过控制接口,维护人员可发送控制指令,对充电桩进行关停或重启。
数据处理单元的充电桩群调度流程如图2所示。
数据处理单元对充电桩群的调度基于历史数据的聚类算法,首先剔除无效数据,再对剔除后的有效数据进行聚类算法处理。当用户发出充电需求时,数据处理单元收集用户在APP上输入的剩余电量、用户位置、服务器数据处理单元收集的充电桩的排队等待时间,综合考虑汽车驾驶成本、充电桩群的实时现状、汽车充电所需时间,为用户提供快速充电服务,使用户在最短距离或最短时间内进行充电。
具体的,数据处理单元的充电桩调度聚类算法的技术方案如下:
1、基于充电管理的历史数据,以每天24小时为一个周期,采集每个周期内用户APP的剩余电量、用户位置和排队等待时间等,形成N个量测数据,每个量测数据的维度设为M,这些数据构成N×M阶数据矩阵S。
2、以充电桩的地理位置和充电桩的使用时间为参考,检查每个周期内用户的位置和充电桩排队等待时间之间的差异性,当两者不一致时判定为无效数据。将无效数据删除,根据无效数据前后的有效数据,建立修正关系,用修正以后的数值替代无效数据,该修改函数公式表示为:
其中,Q′i,j为无效数据修正以后的值,Qi,j为无效数据,k和l代表数据向前和向后采集,k1、l1为边界值,根据充电管理的历史数据数量来确定。假设被处理的无效数据有X条,经过修正的数据矩阵为(N-X)×M。
3、选取3个出现频率高的剩余电量、用户位置和排队等待时间,对修正后的数据矩阵降维处理,得到(N-X)×3阶矩阵。
4、对(N-X)×3阶矩阵中随机抽样,样本容量为聚类数t,初始聚类中心为
计算(N-X)×3矩阵到聚类中心的加权欧式距离,如下:
其中,yi1,yi2,yi3分别是剩余电量、用户位置和排队等待时间指标有效数据中第i个样本,gj1,gj2,gj3分别是剩余电量、用户位置和排队等待时间指标有效数据中第j个聚类中心,W为3维剩余电量、用户位置和排队等待时间指标的权重向量,W=[w1,w2,w3],且w1+w2+w3=1。
计算(N-X)×3矩阵的样本平方误差Jc(r):
r为迭代次数。当Jc(t-1)>Jc(t),计算过程终止。通过公式(3)计算最小的欧式距离min(d(i,j)),得到剩余电量、用户位置和排队等待时间三个指标的最优解。
本发明的具体工作流程为:新能源汽车用户需要充电时,使用APP发出充电请求,提交汽车剩余电量、用户位置信息,信息发送至服务器的数据处理单元。服务器调取区域内最近的充电桩的位置、充电桩已经预约的车辆信息。充电桩已经预约的车辆信息包括充电车辆数、车辆的剩余电量、排队等待时间。数据处理单元根据用户的剩余电量、用户位置通过聚类算法给出用户最优的充电桩信息。
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例,对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以理解在不脱离本发明的原理和精神的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型,本发明的范围由所附权利要求及其等同物限定。
Claims (4)
1.一种新能源汽车充电桩群运营管理***,包括数据终端、数据传输单元、数据处理单元、运维管理中心,所述数据终端包括充电桩群和用户端的APP,所述数据传输单元通过控制接口、无线网络和北斗导航接收充电桩群的运行状态信息,所述运维管理中心包括监控中心和远程维护,其特征在于:所述数据处理单元包括根据用户充电请求对充电桩群进行调度。
2.根据权利要求1所述的新能源汽车充电桩群运营管理***,其特征在于:所述数据处理单元根据用户请求对充电桩群调度的流程为:
S1:用户发起充电请求,输入剩余电量、用户实时位置,发送至运营管理***的数据处理单元,
S2:数据处理单元调取区域内新能源汽车充电桩的位置、预约充电的车辆信息,
S3:数据处理单元统计各充电桩与请求用户的距离、待充电的汽车数量及待充电时间,
S4:通过请求用户的剩余电量、用户位置和排队等待时间,给出充电的最优方案。
3.根据权利要求2所述的新能源汽车充电桩群运营管理***,其特征在于:所述通过请求用户的剩余电量、用户位置和排队等待时间,采用聚类算法给出充电的最优方案,具体计算方法如下:
(1)基于充电管理的历史数据,以每天24小时为一个周期,采集每个周期内用户APP的剩余电量、用户位置和排队等待时间等,形成N个量测数据,每个量测数据的维度设为M,这些数据构成N×M阶数据矩阵S;
(2)以充电桩的地理位置和充电桩的使用时间为参考,检查每个周期内用户的位置和充电桩排队等待时间之间的差异性,当两者不一致时判定为无效数据,将无效数据删除,根据无效数据前后的有效数据,建立修正关系,用修正以后的数值替代无效数据,该修改函数公式表示为:
其中,Q′i,j为无效数据修正以后的值,Qi,j为无效数据,k和l代表数据向前和向后采集,
k1、l1为边界值,根据充电管理的历史数据数量来确定,假设被处理的无效数据有X条,经过修正的数据矩阵为(N-X)×M;
(3)选取3个出现频率高的剩余电量、用户位置和排队等待时间,对修正后的数据矩阵降维处理,得到(N-X)×3阶矩阵;
(4)对(N-X)×3阶矩阵中随机抽样,样本容量为聚类数t,初始聚类中心为
计算(N-X)×3矩阵到聚类中心的欧式距离,如下:
其中,yi1,yi2,yi3分别是剩余电量、用户位置和排队等待时间指标有效数据中第i个样本,gj1,gj2,gj3分别是剩余电量、用户位置和排队等待时间指标有效数据中第j个聚类中心,W为3维剩余电量、用户位置和排队等待时间指标的权重向量,W=[w1,w2,w3],且w1+w2+w3=1;
(5)计算(N-X)×3矩阵的样本平方误差Jc(r):
r为迭代次数,当Jc(t-1)>Jc(t),计算过程终止,通过公式(3)计算最小的欧式距离min(d(i,j)),得到剩余电量、用户位置和排队等待时间三个指标的最优解。
4.根据权利要求1所述的新能源汽车充电桩群运营管理***,其特征在于:所述数据传输单元的控制接口在充电设备异常时将异常数据传输给数据处理单元,数据处理单元确认为异常数据后,通过监控中心远程控制充电桩开关。
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