CN112588771B - Water washing method for fly ash - Google Patents
Water washing method for fly ash Download PDFInfo
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- CN112588771B CN112588771B CN202011189397.5A CN202011189397A CN112588771B CN 112588771 B CN112588771 B CN 112588771B CN 202011189397 A CN202011189397 A CN 202011189397A CN 112588771 B CN112588771 B CN 112588771B
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- centrifuge
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- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 265
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 209
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 95
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 252
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims description 81
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 81
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008093 supporting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 3
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Furan Chemical compound C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004056 waste incineration Methods 0.000 description 2
- HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin Chemical compound O1C2=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C2OC2=C1C=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C2 HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002957 persistent organic pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B5/00—Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B2101/00—Type of solid waste
- B09B2101/30—Incineration ashes
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a fly ash washing method, which comprises the following steps: s1, mixing the fly ash and the liquid in a pre-stirring tank to form liquid slurry; s2, after the liquid slurry enters a first water washing reactor; s3, feeding the liquid slurry into a first centrifuge; s4, enabling the fly ash filtrate to enter a second water washing reactor; s5, feeding the effluent of the second water washing reactor into a second centrifuge; s6, the mud cake enters a third water washing reactor; s7, feeding the slurry into a third centrifuge; s8, enabling the fly ash filtrate to enter a fourth washing reactor; s9, feeding the effluent of the fourth water washing reactor into a fourth centrifuge; s10, enabling the mud cake to enter a fifth water washing reactor; s11, feeding the slurry into a fifth centrifuge; s12, enabling the fly ash filtrate to enter a sixth washing reactor; and S13, feeding the effluent of the sixth water washing reactor into a sixth centrifuge. The method for washing the fly ash can centrifuge the fly ash filtrate for multiple times, improve the washing effect and reduce the loss of the fly ash.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of waste incineration fly ash treatment, and particularly relates to a fly ash washing method.
Background
The waste fly ash is a residue collected in a flue gas purification system of a waste incineration power plant, generally contains organic pollutants such as dioxin, furan and the like and soluble heavy metals such as Cd, Pb, Cu, Zn, Cr and the like, has great harm to the environment and human health, and must be safely and effectively treated. According to the Standard for controlling pollutants for municipal solid waste landfill (GB16889-2008), fly ash from incineration of garbage must be subjected to certain pretreatment before entering a safe landfill for safe landfill, or solidified to reduce the risk thereof, so that the fly ash from incineration of garbage can be subjected to sanitary landfill after reaching the control requirement for leaching heavy metals from a sanitary landfill. The existing fly ash washing system has poor washing effect and large fly ash loss caused in the treatment process.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art. Therefore, the invention provides a fly ash washing method, aiming at improving the washing effect.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the fly ash water washing method comprises the following steps:
s1, enabling the fly ash to enter a pre-stirring tank, adding liquid in a water weighing tank into the pre-stirring tank, and mixing the fly ash and the liquid to form liquid slurry;
s2, after the liquid slurry in the pre-stirring tank enters a first water washing reactor, carrying out primary water washing;
s3, the liquid slurry after the primary water washing enters a first centrifuge for primary centrifugal dehydration;
s4, enabling fly ash filtrate formed after primary centrifugal dehydration to enter a second washing reactor for secondary washing, and enabling mud cakes formed after primary centrifugal dehydration to enter a third washing reactor;
s5, enabling the effluent of the second water washing reactor to enter a second centrifuge for secondary centrifugal dehydration, and enabling a mud cake formed after the secondary centrifugal dehydration to enter a third water washing reactor;
s6, after the mud cake enters a third water washing reactor, carrying out secondary water washing;
s7, feeding the slurry after the secondary washing into a third centrifuge for carrying out tertiary centrifugal dehydration;
s8, enabling fly ash filtrate formed after three times of centrifugal dehydration to enter a fourth washing reactor for washing again, and enabling mud cakes formed after three times of centrifugal dehydration to enter a fifth washing reactor;
s9, the effluent of the fourth washing reactor enters a fourth centrifuge for four times of centrifugal dehydration, mud cakes formed by the four times of centrifugal dehydration enter a fifth washing reactor, and fly ash filtrate formed by the four times of centrifugal dehydration enters a water weighing tank;
s10, after the mud cake enters a fifth washing reactor, carrying out third washing;
s11, feeding the slurry after the third washing into a fifth centrifuge for five times of centrifugal dehydration;
s12, enabling the fly ash filtrate formed after the five times of centrifugal dehydration to enter a sixth washing reactor for washing again;
s13, the effluent of the sixth washing reactor enters a sixth centrifuge for six times of centrifugal dehydration, and fly ash filtrate formed after the six times of centrifugal dehydration enters a third washing reactor and is mixed with mud cakes in the third washing reactor;
the first water washing reactor is connected with the pre-stirring tank, the first centrifuge is connected with the first water washing reactor, the second water washing reactor is connected with the first centrifuge, the third water washing reactor is connected with the first centrifuge, the second centrifuge is connected with the second water washing reactor and the third water washing reactor, the third centrifuge is connected with the third water washing reactor, the fourth water washing reactor is connected with the third centrifuge, the fifth water washing reactor is connected with the third centrifuge, the fourth centrifuge is connected with the fourth water washing reactor and the fifth water washing reactor, the fifth centrifuge is connected with the fifth water washing reactor, the sixth water washing reactor is connected with the fifth centrifuge, and the sixth centrifuge is connected with the sixth water washing reactor;
the process bin is used for storing the fly ash to be treated, the process bin is connected with the pre-stirring tank, the pre-stirring tank is connected with the first water washing reactor, the first water washing reactor is connected with the first centrifugal machine, a filtrate outlet of the first centrifugal machine is connected with the second water washing reactor, and a mud cake outlet of the first centrifugal machine is connected with the third water washing reactor; a filtrate outlet of the second centrifuge is connected with the water treatment system, a mud cake outlet of the second centrifuge is connected with the third water washing reactor, and the second centrifuge is positioned between the second water washing reactor and the third water washing reactor; the third water washing reactor is connected with a third centrifuge, a filtrate outlet of the third centrifuge is connected with a fourth water washing reactor, a mud cake outlet of the third centrifuge is connected with a fifth water washing reactor, and the third centrifuge is positioned between the fourth water washing reactor and the fifth water washing reactor; a filtrate outlet of a fourth centrifugal machine is connected with the water weighing tank, a mud cake outlet of the fourth centrifugal machine is connected with a fifth water washing reactor, and the fourth centrifugal machine is positioned between the fourth water washing reactor and the fifth water washing reactor; the fifth washing reactor is connected with a fifth centrifuge, a filtrate outlet of the fifth centrifuge is connected with a sixth washing reactor, a mud cake outlet of the fifth centrifuge is connected with a drying system, and the drying system is used for drying mud cakes to enable the mud cakes to be baked into cement; the sixth water washing reactor is connected with a sixth centrifuge, a filtrate outlet of the sixth centrifuge is connected with the third water washing reactor, and a mud cake outlet of the sixth centrifuge is connected with the drying system; the sixth centrifugal machine is connected with a third water washing reactor, and the third water washing reactor receives fly ash filtrate from the third centrifugal machine;
the fourth centrifuge is connected with the water weighing tank, the stirring tank is connected with a conveying pipeline for receiving liquid from the water weighing tank, the conveying pipeline is provided with a plurality of conveying pipelines, and each conveying pipeline is connected with different parts of the pre-stirring tank; the liquid in the water weighing tank is formed by mixing water and fly ash filtrate which are added into the water weighing tank, and in the step S1, the liquid from the water weighing tank is guided to the pre-stirring tank by the conveying pipeline;
the conveying pipeline guides the liquid from the water weighing tank to the pre-stirring tank, the water inlet end of the conveying pipeline is connected with the water pump, the water outlet end of the conveying pipeline is connected with the pre-stirring tank, each conveying pipeline is respectively connected with one water pump, the water pump is connected with the water weighing tank, and after the water pumps are operated, the liquid in the water weighing tank is pumped to the pre-stirring tank through the conveying pipeline;
the two conveying pipelines are arranged and are connected with different parts of the pre-stirring tank, one water pump is started during working, and the other water pump is used as a backup;
the first stirring device and the second stirring device are arranged in the pre-stirring tank, liquid in the water weighing tank and fly ash in the process bin are added into the pre-stirring tank to form liquid slurry, and the first stirring device and the second stirring device are used for stirring the liquid slurry in the pre-stirring tank to realize dissolution reaction; during stirring, the first stirring device is always in a stirring state;
the first stirring device comprises a first stirring shaft and first blades arranged on the first stirring shaft, the first blades are arranged in a plurality and are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, and the first stirring shaft is connected with the driving mechanism; the second stirring device comprises a second stirring shaft and second blades arranged on the second stirring shaft, the second blades are arranged in a plurality and are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, the height of each second blade is smaller than that of each first blade, the first stirring shaft is sleeved on the second stirring shaft, and the rotating directions of the first stirring shaft and the second stirring shaft are opposite;
the second stirring device is arranged to be switched between a linkage state and a disconnection state; when the concentration of the fly ash added into the pre-stirring tank is higher than a set value, the second stirring device needs to be switched to a linkage state, when the second stirring device is in the linkage state, the power provided by the driving mechanism can be transmitted to the first stirring device and the second stirring device to drive the first stirring device and the second stirring device to synchronously operate, and at the moment, the first stirring device and the second stirring device synchronously stir;
when the concentration of the fly ash in the pre-stirring tank is lower than a set value, the second stirring device needs to be switched to an off state, when the second stirring device is in the off state, the power provided by the driving mechanism cannot be transmitted to the second stirring device, the power provided by the driving mechanism can only be transmitted to the first stirring device, the first stirring device is used for stirring, the second stirring device is not used for stirring, and the load of the driving mechanism is reduced;
the driving mechanism comprises a first motor, a driving gear, a first driven gear and a transmission shaft, wherein the first motor and the driving gear are arranged on the pre-stirring tank; a second driven gear is arranged on the second stirring shaft, the second stirring shaft is connected with a lifting mechanism, the lifting mechanism controls the engagement and the separation between the second driven gear and the driving gear, and the second driven gear and the first driven gear are oppositely arranged; the driving gear, the first driven gear and the second driven gear are all conical gears, the first motor is fixedly arranged on the pre-stirring tank and is positioned outside the pre-stirring tank, the transmission shaft is horizontally arranged, one end of the transmission shaft is fixedly connected with the first motor, and the other end of the transmission shaft is fixedly connected with the driving gear; the first stirring shaft and the second stirring shaft are vertically arranged and coaxial, the second stirring shaft penetrates through the first stirring shaft, the length of the second stirring shaft is greater than that of the first stirring shaft, the first driven gear is positioned below the second driven gear, the first driven gear is fixedly connected with the upper end of the first stirring shaft, the second driven gear is fixedly connected with the second stirring shaft, the first blade is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the first stirring shaft, and the second blade is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the second stirring shaft; the length of the first blade is smaller than that of the second blade, the length direction of the first blade is vertical to that of the first stirring shaft, the length direction of the second blade is vertical to that of the second stirring shaft, and the position of the second blade is close to the bottom of the pre-stirring tank;
the driving mechanism further comprises a sealing cover arranged inside the pre-stirring tank, the sealing cover is of a hollow structure, the sealing cover is fixedly connected with the pre-stirring tank, the driving gear, the first driven gear and the second driven gear are located inside the sealing cover, the sealing cover separates the driving gear, the first driven gear, the second driven gear and other components from liquid slurry in the pre-stirring tank, the second stirring shaft penetrates through the sealing cover to be connected with the lifting mechanism, the first stirring shaft penetrates through the sealing cover downwards, and the sealing cover provides a supporting effect for the first stirring shaft and the transmission shaft; the lifting mechanism is used for driving the second stirring device to lift along the vertical direction and controlling the second stirring device to switch between a linkage state and a disconnection state; when the second stirring device is in a linkage state, the height of the second stirring device is the lowest, and the second driven gear is meshed with the driving gear at the moment; when the second stirring device is in a disconnected state, the height of the second stirring device is the highest, and the second driven gear is separated from the driving gear at the moment;
the lifting mechanism comprises a lifting seat and a lifting actuator connected with the lifting seat, and the second stirring shaft is rotatably arranged on the lifting seat; the lifting actuator is fixedly arranged at the top of the pre-stirring tank, the lifting seat penetrates through the top of the pre-stirring tank and then is connected with the lifting actuator, the lifting actuator is a telescopic component, and the lifting seat is positioned above the sealing cover;
after liquid slurry in the pre-stirring tank enters a first washing reactor, carrying out primary washing, allowing the liquid slurry after the primary washing to enter a first centrifuge for primary centrifugal dehydration, allowing fly ash filtrate formed after the primary centrifugal dehydration to enter a second washing reactor for secondary washing, and allowing sludge cake formed after the primary centrifugal dehydration to enter a third washing reactor; the effluent of the second washing reactor enters a second centrifuge for secondary centrifugal dehydration, mud cakes formed after the secondary centrifugal dehydration enter a third washing reactor, and fly ash filtrate formed after the secondary centrifugal dehydration enters a water treatment system; after entering a third washing reactor, carrying out secondary washing, allowing the slurry after the secondary washing to enter a third centrifuge for carrying out tertiary centrifugal dehydration, allowing fly ash filtrate formed after the tertiary centrifugal dehydration to enter a fourth washing reactor for carrying out secondary washing, and allowing mud cakes formed after the tertiary centrifugal dehydration to enter a fifth washing reactor; the effluent of the fourth water washing reactor enters a fourth centrifuge for four times of centrifugal dehydration, a mud cake formed after the four times of centrifugal dehydration enters a fifth water washing reactor, and fly ash filtrate formed after the four times of centrifugal dehydration enters a water weighing tank and is mixed with water in the water weighing tank; after entering a fifth water washing reactor, carrying out water washing for three times, allowing slurry after the water washing for three times to enter a fifth centrifugal machine for five times of centrifugal dehydration, allowing fly ash filtrate formed after the five times of centrifugal dehydration to enter a sixth water washing reactor for water washing again, and allowing mud cakes formed after the five times of centrifugal dehydration to enter a drying system; and the effluent of the sixth water washing reactor enters a sixth centrifuge for six times of centrifugal dehydration, mud cakes formed after the six times of centrifugal dehydration enter a drying system, and fly ash filtrate formed after the six times of centrifugal dehydration enters a third water washing reactor and is mixed with the mud cakes in the third water washing reactor.
The conveying pipelines are two.
The lifting actuator is a hydraulic cylinder.
The method for washing the fly ash can centrifuge the fly ash filtrate for multiple times, improve the washing effect and reduce the loss of the fly ash.
Drawings
The description includes the following figures, the contents shown are respectively:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the construction of a fly ash water wash system;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the construction of a pre-agitated tank;
labeled as: 1. a process bin; 2. a pre-agitation tank; 3. a first water wash reactor; 4. a first centrifuge; 5. a third water washing reactor; 6. a third centrifuge; 7. a fifth water washing reactor; 8. a first motor; 9. a drive shaft; 10. a sealing cover; 11. a driving gear; 12. a first driven gear; 13. a second driven gear; 14. a first stirring shaft; 15. a second stirring shaft; 16. a second blade; 17. a first blade; 18. a lifting actuator; 19. a lifting seat; 20. a first delivery conduit; 21. a fifth centrifuge; 22. a second water washing reactor; 23. a second centrifuge; 24. a fourth water washing reactor; 25. a fourth centrifuge; 26. a sixth water washing reactor; 27. a sixth centrifuge; 28. and weighing the water tank.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings for a purpose of helping those skilled in the art to more fully, accurately and deeply understand the concept and technical solution of the present invention and to facilitate its implementation.
It should be noted that, in the following embodiments, the terms "first", "second", "third", "fourth", "fifth" and "sixth" do not represent absolute differences in structure and/or function, nor represent a sequential order of execution, but merely for convenience of description.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a fly ash washing method, which adopts a fly ash washing system and comprises the following steps:
s1, enabling the fly ash to enter a pre-stirring tank, adding liquid in a water weighing tank into the pre-stirring tank, and mixing the fly ash and the liquid to form liquid slurry;
s2, after the liquid slurry in the pre-stirring tank enters a first water washing reactor, carrying out primary water washing;
s3, the liquid slurry after the primary water washing enters a first centrifuge for primary centrifugal dehydration;
s4, enabling fly ash filtrate formed after primary centrifugal dehydration to enter a second washing reactor for secondary washing, and enabling mud cakes formed after primary centrifugal dehydration to enter a third washing reactor;
s5, enabling the effluent of the second water washing reactor to enter a second centrifuge for secondary centrifugal dehydration, and enabling a mud cake formed after the secondary centrifugal dehydration to enter a third water washing reactor;
s6, after the mud cake enters a third water washing reactor, carrying out secondary water washing;
s7, feeding the slurry after the secondary washing into a third centrifuge for carrying out tertiary centrifugal dehydration;
s8, enabling fly ash filtrate formed after three times of centrifugal dehydration to enter a fourth washing reactor for washing again, and enabling mud cakes formed after three times of centrifugal dehydration to enter a fifth washing reactor;
s9, the effluent of the fourth washing reactor enters a fourth centrifuge for centrifugal dehydration for four times, mud cakes formed after the centrifugal dehydration for four times enter a fifth washing reactor, and fly ash filtrate formed after the centrifugal dehydration for four times enters a water weighing tank;
s10, washing the mud cakes for three times after entering a fifth washing reactor;
s11, feeding the slurry after the third washing into a fifth centrifuge for five times of centrifugal dehydration;
s12, enabling fly ash filtrate formed after five times of centrifugal dehydration to enter a sixth washing reactor for washing again;
and S13, the effluent of the sixth washing reactor enters a sixth centrifuge for six times of centrifugal dehydration, and fly ash filtrate formed after the six times of centrifugal dehydration enters a third washing reactor and is mixed with mud cakes in the third washing reactor.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the fly ash washing system includes a pre-agitation tank 2 for receiving fly ash from a process bin 1 and for agitating the fly ash, a first washing reactor 3 connected to the pre-agitation tank 2, a first centrifuge 4 connected to the first washing reactor 3, a second washing reactor 22 connected to the first centrifuge 4 and for treating fly ash filtrate from the first centrifuge 4, a third washing reactor 5 connected to the first centrifuge 4, a second centrifuge 23 connected to the second washing reactor 22 and the third washing reactor 5, a third centrifuge 6 connected to the third washing reactor 5, a fourth washing reactor 24 connected to the third centrifuge 6 and for treating fly ash filtrate from the third centrifuge 6, a fifth washing reactor 7 connected to the third centrifuge 6, and a fourth washing reactor 25 connected to the fourth washing reactor 24 and the fifth washing reactor 7, A fifth centrifuge 21 connected to the fifth water wash reactor 7, a sixth water wash reactor 26 connected to the fifth centrifuge 21 and used for treating the fly ash filtrate from the fifth centrifuge 21, and a sixth centrifuge 27 connected to the sixth water wash reactor 26.
As shown in fig. 1, a process bin 1 is used for storing fly ash to be treated, the process bin 1 is connected with a pre-stirring tank 2, the pre-stirring tank 2 is connected with a first water washing reactor 3, the first water washing reactor 3 is connected with a first centrifuge 4, a filtrate outlet of the first centrifuge 4 is connected with a second water washing reactor 22, and a mud cake outlet of the first centrifuge 4 is connected with a third water washing reactor 5. The filtrate outlet of the second centrifuge 23 is connected with the water treatment system, the mud cake outlet of the second centrifuge 23 is connected with the third water washing reactor 5, and the second centrifuge 23 is positioned between the second water washing reactor 22 and the third water washing reactor 5. The third water washing reactor 5 is connected with the third centrifuge 6, a filtrate outlet of the third centrifuge 6 is connected with the fourth water washing reactor 24, a mud cake outlet of the third centrifuge 6 is connected with the fifth water washing reactor 7, and the third centrifuge 6 is positioned between the fourth water washing reactor 24 and the fifth water washing reactor 7. A filtrate outlet of the fourth centrifuge 25 is connected with a water weighing tank 28, a mud cake outlet of the fourth centrifuge 25 is connected with the fifth water washing reactor 7, and the fourth centrifuge 25 is positioned between the fourth water washing reactor 24 and the fifth water washing reactor 7. The fifth washing reactor 7 is connected with a fifth centrifuge 21, a filtrate outlet of the fifth centrifuge 21 is connected with a sixth washing reactor 26, a mud cake outlet of the fifth centrifuge 21 is connected with a drying system, and the drying system is used for drying mud cakes to make the mud cakes baked into cement. The sixth water washing reactor 26 is connected with a sixth centrifuge 27, a filtrate outlet of the sixth centrifuge 27 is connected with the third water washing reactor 5, and a mud cake outlet of the sixth centrifuge 27 is connected with the drying system. The sixth centrifuge 27 is connected to the third water wash reactor 5, and the third water wash reactor 5 receives the fly ash filtrate from the third centrifuge 6. The fly ash washing system can realize multiple times of washing, the fly ash filtrate formed after each time of centrifugation is firstly washed and centrifuged once, and the formed mud cakes are centrifuged twice, so that the washing effect can be improved, the loss amount of the fly ash is reduced, and the quality of cement is ensured.
As shown in fig. 1, the fly ash washing system of the present invention further comprises a water weighing tank 28 connected to the fourth centrifuge 25, and the stirring tank is connected to a conveying pipe for receiving the liquid from the water weighing tank 28, the conveying pipe is provided in plurality and each conveying pipe is connected to a different part of the pre-stirring tank 2. In step S1, the liquid in the weigh tank 28 is mixed with the fly ash filtrate added into the weigh tank 28, the conveying pipe guides the liquid from the weigh tank 28 to the pre-stirring tank 2, the water inlet end of the conveying pipe is connected to a water pump, the water outlet end of the conveying pipe is connected to the pre-stirring tank 2, each conveying pipe is connected to a water pump, the water pump is connected to the weigh tank 28, and after the water pump is operated, the liquid in the weigh tank 28 is pumped to the pre-stirring tank 2 through the conveying pipe. The conveying pipeline is at least provided with two water pumps, one of the water pumps can be started during working, the other water pump serves as a backup, the safety problem caused by mechanical and electrical faults of the water pump is avoided, and the safety and the redundancy of the system are further improved.
As shown in fig. 2, in the present embodiment, two delivery pipes are provided.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the preliminary mixing tank 2 is provided with a first mixing device and a second mixing device, and in step S1, the liquid in the weighing tank 28 and the fly ash in the process bin 1 are added into the preliminary mixing tank 2 to form liquid slurry, and the first mixing device and the second mixing device are used for mixing the liquid slurry in the preliminary mixing tank 2 to realize the dissolution reaction. The first stirring device and the second stirring device can work simultaneously or not, but the first stirring device is always in a stirring state during stirring. The first stirring device comprises a first stirring shaft 14 and first blades 17 arranged on the first stirring shaft 14, the first blades 17 are arranged in a plurality and are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, and the first stirring shaft 14 is connected with a driving mechanism. The second stirring device comprises a second stirring shaft 15 and second blades 16 arranged on the second stirring shaft 15, the second blades 16 are arranged in a plurality and all the second blades 16 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, the height of each second blade 16 is smaller than that of each first blade 17, the first stirring shaft 14 is sleeved on the second stirring shaft 15, and the rotating directions of the first stirring shaft 14 and the second stirring shaft 15 are opposite.
The second stirring device is configured to be switchable between an interlocked state and a disconnected state. In the step S1, when the concentration of the fly ash added to the pre-stirring tank 2 is higher than the set value, the second stirring device needs to be switched to the linkage state, and when the second stirring device is in the linkage state, the power provided by the driving mechanism can be transmitted to the first stirring device and the second stirring device to drive the first stirring device and the second stirring device to synchronously operate, and at this time, the first stirring device and the second stirring device can synchronously stir, so that the liquid in the pre-stirring tank 2 can be more fully mixed with the fly ash; in step S1, when the concentration of the fly ash in the preliminary mixing tank 2 is lower than the set value, the second mixing device needs to be switched to the off state, and when the second mixing device is in the off state, the power provided by the driving mechanism cannot be transmitted to the second mixing device, and the power provided by the driving mechanism can only be transmitted to the first mixing device, and the first mixing device performs mixing, and the second mixing device cannot perform mixing.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the driving mechanism includes a first motor 8 disposed on the pre-stirring tank 2, a driving gear 11, a first driven gear 12 engaged with the driving gear 11, and a transmission shaft 9 connected to the first motor 8 and the driving gear 11, wherein the first driven gear 12 is connected to a first stirring shaft 14. The second stirring shaft 15 is provided with a second driven gear 13, the second stirring shaft 15 is connected with a lifting mechanism, the lifting mechanism controls the engagement and the separation between the second driven gear 13 and the driving gear 11, and the second driven gear 13 and the first driven gear 12 are oppositely arranged. Driving gear 11, first driven gear 12 and second driven gear 13 are conical gear, and first motor 8 is fixed to be set up on agitator tank 2 in advance and first motor 8 is located agitator tank 2's outside in advance, and transmission shaft 9 is the level setting, the one end and the first motor 8 fixed connection of transmission shaft 9, the other end and the driving gear 11 fixed connection of transmission shaft 9. The first stirring shaft 14 and the second stirring shaft 15 are vertically arranged, the first stirring shaft 14 and the second stirring shaft 15 are coaxial, the second stirring shaft 15 penetrates through the first stirring shaft 14, the length of the second stirring shaft 15 is greater than that of the first stirring shaft 14, the first driven gear 12 is located below the second driven gear 13, the first driven gear 12 is fixedly connected with the upper end of the first stirring shaft 14, the second driven gear 13 is fixedly connected with the second stirring shaft 15, the first blades 17 are fixedly arranged at the lower end of the first stirring shaft 14, and the second blades 16 are fixedly arranged at the lower end of the second stirring shaft 15. The length of the first blade 17 is smaller than that of the second blade 16, the length direction of the first blade 17 is vertical to that of the first stirring shaft 14, the length direction of the second blade 16 is vertical to that of the second stirring shaft 15, and the position of the second blade 16 is close to the bottom of the pre-stirring tank 2.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the driving mechanism further includes a sealing cover 10 disposed inside the pre-stirring tank 2, the sealing cover 10 is of a hollow structure, the sealing cover 10 is fixedly connected to the pre-stirring tank 2, the driving gear 11, the first driven gear 12 and the second driven gear 13 are located inside the sealing cover 10, the sealing cover 10 separates the driving gear 11, the first driven gear 12 and the second driven gear 13 from the liquid slurry in the pre-stirring tank 2, the second stirring shaft 15 penetrates through the sealing cover 10 and is connected to the lifting mechanism, the first stirring shaft 14 penetrates through the sealing cover 10 downward, and the sealing cover 10 provides a supporting function for the first stirring shaft 14 and the transmission shaft 9. The lifting mechanism is used for driving the second stirring device to lift along the vertical direction, and controlling the second stirring device to switch between a linkage state and a disconnection state. When the second stirring device is in a linkage state, the height of the second stirring device is the lowest, and the second driven gear 13 is meshed with the driving gear 11; when the second stirring device is in the off state, the height of the second stirring device is the highest, and the second driven gear 13 is separated from the driving gear 11.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the lifting mechanism includes a lifting base 19 and a lifting actuator 18 connected to the lifting base 19, and the second stirring shaft 15 is rotatably disposed on the lifting base 19. The lifting actuator 18 is fixedly arranged at the top of the pre-stirring tank 2, the lifting seat 19 penetrates through the top of the pre-stirring tank 2 and then is connected with the lifting actuator 18, the lifting actuator 18 is a telescopic component, and the lifting seat 19 is positioned above the sealing cover 10. Lift actuators 18 may be hydraulic cylinders, pneumatic cylinders, or electric push rods. The lifting mechanism has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, convenient arrangement and easy control.
In the present embodiment, lift actuator 18 is preferably a hydraulic cylinder.
As shown in fig. 1, after entering a first washing reactor 3, the liquid slurry in the pre-agitation tank 2 is subjected to primary washing, the liquid slurry after the primary washing enters a first centrifuge 4 for primary centrifugal dehydration, fly ash filtrate formed after the primary centrifugal dehydration enters a second washing reactor 22 for secondary washing, and mud cake formed after the primary centrifugal dehydration enters a third washing reactor 5; the effluent of the second water washing reactor 22 enters a second centrifuge 23 for secondary centrifugal dehydration, mud cakes formed after the secondary centrifugal dehydration enter a third water washing reactor 5, and fly ash filtrate formed after the secondary centrifugal dehydration enters a water treatment system; the mud cake enters a third washing reactor 5, then secondary washing is carried out, the slurry after the secondary washing is carried out enters a third centrifuge 6 for carrying out third centrifugal dehydration, the fly ash filtrate formed after the third centrifugal dehydration enters a fourth washing reactor 24 for carrying out second washing, and the mud cake formed after the third centrifugal dehydration enters a fifth washing reactor 7; the effluent of the fourth water washing reactor 24 enters a fourth centrifuge 25 for four times of centrifugal dehydration, mud cakes formed after the four times of centrifugal dehydration enter a fifth water washing reactor 7, and fly ash filtrate formed after the four times of centrifugal dehydration enters a water weighing tank 28 and is mixed with water in the water weighing tank 28; after entering the fifth washing reactor 7, the mud cake is washed for three times, the slurry after the washing for three times enters a fifth centrifuge 21 for five times of centrifugal dehydration, the fly ash filtrate formed after the five times of centrifugal dehydration enters a sixth washing reactor 26 for washing again, and the mud cake formed after the five times of centrifugal dehydration enters a drying system; the effluent of the sixth washing reactor 26 enters a sixth centrifuge 27 for six times of centrifugal dehydration, the sludge cake formed after the six times of centrifugal dehydration enters a drying system, and the fly ash filtrate formed after the six times of centrifugal dehydration enters the third washing reactor 5 to be mixed with the sludge cake in the third washing reactor 5.
In the treatment process, primary washing, secondary washing and tertiary washing are sequentially carried out, the fly ash filtrate formed by the secondary washing returns to the primary washing process, the fly ash filtrate formed by the tertiary washing returns to the secondary washing process, multiple times of washing are realized, the washing effect can be improved, the loss of fly ash is reduced, and the cement quality is ensured.
The invention is described above by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the specific implementations of the invention are not limited in this respect. Various insubstantial improvements are made by adopting the method conception and the technical scheme of the invention; the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and can be modified in various ways.
Claims (3)
1. The fly ash water washing method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, enabling the fly ash to enter a pre-stirring tank, adding liquid in a water weighing tank into the pre-stirring tank, and mixing the fly ash and the liquid to form liquid slurry;
s2, after the liquid slurry in the pre-stirring tank enters a first water washing reactor, carrying out primary water washing;
s3, the liquid slurry after the primary water washing enters a first centrifuge for primary centrifugal dehydration;
s4, enabling fly ash filtrate formed after primary centrifugal dehydration to enter a second washing reactor for secondary washing, and enabling mud cakes formed after primary centrifugal dehydration to enter a third washing reactor;
s5, enabling the effluent of the second water washing reactor to enter a second centrifuge for secondary centrifugal dehydration, and enabling a mud cake formed after the secondary centrifugal dehydration to enter a third water washing reactor;
s6, after the mud cake enters a third water washing reactor, carrying out secondary water washing;
s7, feeding the slurry after the secondary washing into a third centrifuge for carrying out tertiary centrifugal dehydration;
s8, enabling fly ash filtrate formed after three times of centrifugal dehydration to enter a fourth water washing reactor for water washing again, and enabling mud cakes formed after three times of centrifugal dehydration to enter a fifth water washing reactor;
s9, the effluent of the fourth washing reactor enters a fourth centrifuge for centrifugal dehydration for four times, mud cakes formed after the centrifugal dehydration for four times enter a fifth washing reactor, and fly ash filtrate formed after the centrifugal dehydration for four times enters a water weighing tank;
s10, washing the mud cakes for three times after entering a fifth washing reactor;
s11, feeding the slurry after the third washing into a fifth centrifuge for five times of centrifugal dehydration;
s12, enabling fly ash filtrate formed after five times of centrifugal dehydration to enter a sixth washing reactor for washing again;
s13, the effluent of the sixth washing reactor enters a sixth centrifuge for six times of centrifugal dehydration, and fly ash filtrate formed after the six times of centrifugal dehydration enters a third washing reactor and is mixed with mud cakes in the third washing reactor;
the first water washing reactor is connected with the pre-stirring tank, the first centrifuge is connected with the first water washing reactor, the second water washing reactor is connected with the first centrifuge, the third water washing reactor is connected with the first centrifuge, the second centrifuge is connected with the second water washing reactor and the third water washing reactor, the third centrifuge is connected with the third water washing reactor, the fourth water washing reactor is connected with the third centrifuge, the fifth water washing reactor is connected with the third centrifuge, the fourth centrifuge is connected with the fourth water washing reactor and the fifth water washing reactor, the fifth centrifuge is connected with the fifth water washing reactor, the sixth water washing reactor is connected with the fifth centrifuge, and the sixth centrifuge is connected with the sixth water washing reactor;
the pre-stirring tank receives the fly ash from the process bin and stirs the fly ash, the process bin is used for storing the fly ash to be treated, the process bin is connected with the pre-stirring tank, the pre-stirring tank is connected with the first water washing reactor, the filtrate outlet of the first centrifugal machine is connected with the second water washing reactor, and the mud cake outlet of the first centrifugal machine is connected with the third water washing reactor; a filtrate outlet of the second centrifuge is connected with the water treatment system, a mud cake outlet of the second centrifuge is connected with the third water washing reactor, and the second centrifuge is positioned between the second water washing reactor and the third water washing reactor; the third water washing reactor is connected with a third centrifuge, a filtrate outlet of the third centrifuge is connected with a fourth water washing reactor, a mud cake outlet of the third centrifuge is connected with a fifth water washing reactor, and the third centrifuge is positioned between the fourth water washing reactor and the fifth water washing reactor; a filtrate outlet of a fourth centrifugal machine is connected with the water weighing tank, a mud cake outlet of the fourth centrifugal machine is connected with a fifth water washing reactor, and the fourth centrifugal machine is positioned between the fourth water washing reactor and the fifth water washing reactor; the fifth washing reactor is connected with a fifth centrifuge, a filtrate outlet of the fifth centrifuge is connected with the sixth washing reactor, a mud cake outlet of the fifth centrifuge is connected with a drying system, and the drying system is used for drying mud cakes to make the mud cakes capable of being fired into cement; the sixth water washing reactor is connected with a sixth centrifuge, a filtrate outlet of the sixth centrifuge is connected with the third water washing reactor, and a mud cake outlet of the sixth centrifuge is connected with the drying system; the sixth centrifuge is connected with a third water washing reactor, and the third water washing reactor receives fly ash filtrate from the sixth centrifuge;
the fourth centrifuge is connected with the water weighing tank, the stirring tank is connected with a conveying pipeline for receiving liquid from the water weighing tank, the conveying pipeline is provided with a plurality of conveying pipelines, and each conveying pipeline is connected with different parts of the pre-stirring tank; the liquid in the water weighing tank is formed by mixing water and fly ash filtrate which are added into the water weighing tank, and in the step S1, the liquid from the water weighing tank is guided to the pre-stirring tank by the conveying pipeline;
the water inlet end of the conveying pipeline is connected with a water pump, the water outlet end of the conveying pipeline is connected with the pre-stirring tank, each conveying pipeline is respectively connected with one water pump, the water pump is connected with the water weighing tank, and after the water pumps are operated, liquid in the water weighing tank is pumped to the pre-stirring tank through the conveying pipeline;
the first stirring device and the second stirring device are arranged in the pre-stirring tank, liquid in the water weighing tank and fly ash in the process bin are added into the pre-stirring tank to form liquid slurry, and the first stirring device and the second stirring device are used for stirring the liquid slurry in the pre-stirring tank to realize dissolution reaction; during stirring, the first stirring device is always in a stirring state;
the first stirring device comprises a first stirring shaft and first blades arranged on the first stirring shaft, the first blades are arranged in a plurality and are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, and the first stirring shaft is connected with the driving mechanism; the second stirring device comprises a second stirring shaft and second blades arranged on the second stirring shaft, the second blades are arranged in a plurality and are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, the height of each second blade is smaller than that of each first blade, the first stirring shaft is sleeved on the second stirring shaft, and the rotating directions of the first stirring shaft and the second stirring shaft are opposite;
the second stirring device is arranged to be capable of switching between a linkage state and a disconnection state; when the concentration of the fly ash added into the pre-stirring tank is higher than a set value, the second stirring device needs to be switched to a linkage state, and when the second stirring device is in the linkage state, the power provided by the driving mechanism can be transmitted to the first stirring device and the second stirring device to drive the first stirring device and the second stirring device to synchronously operate, and at the moment, the first stirring device and the second stirring device synchronously stir;
when the concentration of the fly ash in the pre-stirring tank is lower than a set value, the second stirring device needs to be switched to an off state, when the second stirring device is in the off state, the power provided by the driving mechanism cannot be transmitted to the second stirring device, the power provided by the driving mechanism can only be transmitted to the first stirring device, the first stirring device is used for stirring, the second stirring device is not used for stirring, and the load of the driving mechanism is reduced;
the driving mechanism comprises a first motor, a driving gear, a first driven gear and a transmission shaft, wherein the first motor and the driving gear are arranged on the pre-stirring tank; a second driven gear is arranged on the second stirring shaft, the second stirring shaft is connected with a lifting mechanism, the lifting mechanism controls the engagement and the separation between the second driven gear and the driving gear, and the second driven gear and the first driven gear are oppositely arranged; the driving gear, the first driven gear and the second driven gear are all conical gears, the first motor is fixedly arranged on the pre-stirring tank and is positioned outside the pre-stirring tank, the transmission shaft is horizontally arranged, one end of the transmission shaft is fixedly connected with the first motor, and the other end of the transmission shaft is fixedly connected with the driving gear; the first stirring shaft and the second stirring shaft are vertically arranged and coaxial, the second stirring shaft penetrates through the first stirring shaft, the length of the second stirring shaft is greater than that of the first stirring shaft, the first driven gear is positioned below the second driven gear, the first driven gear is fixedly connected with the upper end of the first stirring shaft, the second driven gear is fixedly connected with the second stirring shaft, the first blade is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the first stirring shaft, and the second blade is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the second stirring shaft; the length of the first blade is smaller than that of the second blade, the length direction of the first blade is vertical to that of the first stirring shaft, the length direction of the second blade is vertical to that of the second stirring shaft, and the position of the second blade is close to the bottom of the pre-stirring tank;
the driving mechanism further comprises a sealing cover arranged inside the pre-stirring tank, the sealing cover is of a hollow structure, the sealing cover is fixedly connected with the pre-stirring tank, the driving gear, the first driven gear and the second driven gear are located inside the sealing cover, the driving gear, the first driven gear and the second driven gear are separated from liquid slurry in the pre-stirring tank by the sealing cover, the second stirring shaft penetrates through the sealing cover to be connected with the lifting mechanism, the first stirring shaft penetrates through the sealing cover downwards, and the sealing cover provides a supporting effect for the first stirring shaft and the transmission shaft; the lifting mechanism is used for driving the second stirring device to lift along the vertical direction and controlling the second stirring device to switch between a linkage state and a disconnection state; when the second stirring device is in a linkage state, the height of the second stirring device is the lowest, and the second driven gear is meshed with the driving gear at the moment; when the second stirring device is in a disconnected state, the height of the second stirring device is the highest, and the second driven gear is separated from the driving gear at the moment;
the lifting mechanism comprises a lifting seat and a lifting actuator connected with the lifting seat, and the second stirring shaft is rotationally arranged on the lifting seat; the lifting actuator is fixedly arranged at the top of the pre-stirring tank, the lifting seat penetrates through the top of the pre-stirring tank and then is connected with the lifting actuator, the lifting actuator is a telescopic component, and the lifting seat is located above the sealing cover.
2. A fly ash washing method according to claim 1, wherein two of the transport pipes are provided.
3. A fly ash washing method according to claim 1, wherein the lift actuator is a hydraulic cylinder.
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| JP2986736B2 (en) * | 1996-07-25 | 1999-12-06 | 飯島工業株式会社 | Fly ash treatment method |
| JP3683870B2 (en) * | 2002-07-15 | 2005-08-17 | 太平洋セメント株式会社 | Dust water washing system and dust water washing method |
| JP5222519B2 (en) * | 2007-10-04 | 2013-06-26 | 三菱重工環境・化学エンジニアリング株式会社 | Incineration ash washing method and system |
| CN101817650B (en) * | 2010-05-04 | 2012-03-28 | 北京市琉璃河水泥有限公司 | Method for treating incinerated fly ash of domestic garbage with cooperation of cement kiln |
| CN201799189U (en) * | 2010-09-21 | 2011-04-20 | 浙江工商大学 | Solid waste incineration fly ash washing device |
| CN104843923B (en) * | 2015-05-11 | 2016-08-24 | 北京中科国润环保科技有限公司 | The washing melded system of incineration of refuse flyash |
| CN104803537B (en) * | 2015-05-11 | 2016-08-24 | 北京中科国润环保科技有限公司 | Incineration of refuse flyash washing softening process |
| CN208259913U (en) * | 2017-07-28 | 2018-12-21 | 清流县妙琪生物科技有限公司 | A kind of efficient digesting apparatus of Chinese medicinal material |
| CN208035152U (en) * | 2018-04-11 | 2018-11-02 | 湘潭正德机电有限公司 | Foaming tank arrangement |
| CN109455738B (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2024-03-19 | 杭州秀澈环保科技有限公司 | Process for preparing high-quality industrial salt by utilizing garbage fly ash |
| CN110947529B (en) * | 2019-11-20 | 2022-08-02 | 浙江工业大学 | Household garbage incineration fly ash washing dechlorination system and use method thereof |
| CN110919855A (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2020-03-27 | 浙江工业大学 | Cement paste mixer with detachable lifting compound mixing blades and use method |
| CN111530162A (en) * | 2020-04-22 | 2020-08-14 | 宁波龙育机械设备有限公司 | Continuous batch fly ash washing method |
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Effective date of registration: 20220714 Address after: 241000 Fanyang Town, Fanchang County, Wuhu City, Anhui Province (in Wuhu conch factory) Applicant after: Wuhu Haichuang Environmental Protection Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 241200 Fanyang Town, Fanchang County, Wuhu City, Anhui Province Applicant before: Wuhu Haichuang Environmental Protection Technology Co.,Ltd. Applicant before: WUHU HAICHUANG INDUSTRIAL Co.,Ltd. Applicant before: ANHUI CONCH KAWASAKI ENGINEERING Co.,Ltd. |
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