CN112573929B - Composite ceramic water reducing agent and ceramic application thereof - Google Patents
Composite ceramic water reducing agent and ceramic application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a composite ceramic water reducing agent and ceramic application thereof, which comprise the following components in percentage by mass: 30-40wt% of sodium metasilicate, 25-30wt% of sodium polyphosphate, 10-15wt% of methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose or carboxymethyl cellulose, 10-15wt% of sodium citrate, sodium tannate or sodium ethylene diamine tetracetate, 3.0-5.0wt% of sodium perborate, 2.0-4.0wt% of magnesium carbonate, sodium carbonate or potassium carbonate, 1.0-3.0wt% of polyalcohol amine, 0.5-1.0wt% of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether and 1.0-3.0wt% of waste sand (mainly containing silicon dioxide, sodium silicate, aluminum oxide and the like). The composite ceramic water reducing agent provided by the invention integrates functions of reducing water, enhancing strength, grinding aid and the like, and has the characteristics of wide application range, small total addition amount, good use effect and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of ceramic processing, and particularly relates to a composite ceramic water reducing agent.
Background
Ceramic additives are a general term for some organic or inorganic substances and composites of both added in the ceramic industry to improve the processing properties and product characteristics of ceramic production. The addition amount of the ceramic additive in the ceramic is small, but the effect is large, the effect is obvious, the ceramic additive becomes an indispensable raw and auxiliary material in the ceramic production, and the research and development of various novel ceramic additives are extremely important in the development of the ceramic industry.
The research on additives with single functions is more at home and abroad, for example, the grinding aid is used for reducing the water content of the slurry and improving the grinding efficiency of the ceramic slurry; the ceramic green body has improved plasticity, high strength, etc. and may be used widely in producing various kinds of ceramic.
Zhoushizhuang et al published in ceramics handbook (2015, 2 months, 36 th volume 1)The article 'the influence of the compounding of the commercial ceramic water reducing agent on the performance of the building ceramic slurry' on the water reducing agent with single component and the multi-component compound water reducing agent is researched, and the conclusion is that: (1) The water reducing agent can increase the ball milling efficiency and reduce the production energy consumption; (2) When the single sodium metasilicate pentahydrate, sodium humate and sodium tripolyphosphate water reducing agent is added into the formula soil, the mud fluidity is improved, but the effect is not obvious; (3) Sodium metasilicate pentahydrate and sodium humate are compositely added into the formula soil according to the proportion of 0.3wt% and 0.1wt%, the water content of the slurry is about 33.3wt%, the flow rate is 34s, and the specific gravity is 1.713g/cm 3 Thixotropy is 1.029; (4) Sodium tripolyphosphate and sodium metasilicate pentahydrate are compounded, when the addition amounts are respectively 0.15wt% and 0.5wt%, the water content of the slurry is 33.3wt%, the flow rate is 52s, and the specific gravity is 1.713g/cm 3 The thixotropy is 1.019; (5) Sodium metasilicate pentahydrate, sodium tripolyphosphate and sodium humate, the water content of the slurry is 31.7wt%, the flow rate is 44s, and the specific gravity is 1.727g/cm when the addition amounts are 0.3wt%, 0.1wt% and 0.2wt%, respectively 3 The thixotropy was 1.023.
CN101786888A discloses a multifunctional ceramic composite additive, which is formed by mixing a certain mass part of layered crystalline sodium disilicate, modified 4A zeolite, sodium metasilicate, sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium hexametaphosphate, polycarboxylate, sodium lignosulfonate and sodium humate, has multiple functions of grinding aid, water reduction, plasticization and the like, and is suitable for being added into ceramic slurry for various forming methods for preparation.
The ceramic industry is a high energy consumption industry, and more than 80wt% of energy is used for the firing and drying procedures. Therefore, a key technical problem faced by the industry is that the addition of water in the ceramic slurry is controlled to be as small as possible, the proper fluidity and viscosity of the slurry are kept, the raw material ball milling efficiency is improved, the ball milling time is shortened, and the water content in the slurry is reduced, so that the energy conservation, consumption reduction and production cost reduction of ceramic enterprises are of great practical significance. However, because the single-function ceramic additive is narrow in use range, some additives have the problem of function conflict. For example, in the production of wall and floor tiles, in order to reduce the energy consumption of spray drying, on the premise of ensuring good fluidity of the slurry, the water reducing agent is added to realize high solid content and low water content of the slurry. In order to improve the forming performance of the pug and improve the strength of a dry blank, a certain amount of blank reinforcing agent is generally added. However, green body reinforcing agents tend to reduce the fluidity of the slurry and reduce the solid content.
Due to the non-regenerability of premium china clay, the ceramics industry has had to start using clay rich in barren material for the production of various ceramic products.
Disclosure of Invention
The yield is low due to the problems of the produced products caused by the inherent insufficiency of the poor clay. The existing ceramic water reducing agent has higher cost, and becomes a difficult task facing the ceramic raw material industry for reducing the production cost of ceramic slurry and saving resources.
In order to overcome the defects of cracks, broken corners, edges and the like of a product produced by clay containing more barren materials in the prior art and adapt to the clay containing more barren materials, the invention provides a composite ceramic water reducing agent which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 30-40wt% of sodium metasilicate, 25-30wt% of sodium polyphosphate, 10-15wt% of methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose or carboxymethyl cellulose, 10-15wt% of sodium citrate, sodium tannate or sodium ethylene diamine tetracetate, 3.0-5.0wt% of sodium perborate, 2.0-4.0wt% of magnesium carbonate, sodium carbonate or potassium carbonate, 1.0-3.0wt% of polyalcohol amine, 0.5-1.0wt% of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether and 1.0-3.0wt% of waste sand (mainly containing silicon dioxide, sodium silicate, aluminum oxide and the like).
Preferably, the composite ceramic water reducing agent is a sodium metasilicate pentahydrate, sodium metasilicate hexahydrate or sodium metasilicate heptahydrate.
Preferably, the composite ceramic water reducing agent is a composite ceramic water reducing agent, wherein the sodium polyphosphate is sodium dipolyphosphate, sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium tetrapolyphosphate, sodium hexametaphosphate and/or sodium pyrophosphate.
Preferably, the composite ceramic water reducing agent is characterized in that the content of sodium metasilicate is 30 to 35wt%.
Preferably, the composite ceramic water reducing agent comprises 25-28wt% of sodium polyphosphate.
Preferably, the composite ceramic water reducing agent comprises waste sand containing 94% of silicon dioxide, 5% of sodium silicate and 0.8% of aluminum oxide.
In addition, the invention also provides application of the composite ceramic water reducing agent in ceramics.
The invention also provides a ceramic prepared from the composite ceramic water reducing agent and the slurry raw material.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the ceramic, which comprises the following steps:
1) Adding the composite ceramic water reducing agent into the slurry raw material according to 0.5-0.7wt%, performing ball milling to obtain blank dry powder, and pressing into a ceramic tile green body;
2) Drying or biscuiting the ceramic tile green body, wherein the drying temperature is 130-190 ℃, and the preferred drying period is 35-45min; the biscuiting temperature is 950-1000 ℃, and the biscuiting period is preferably 30-40min, so as to obtain the ceramic product.
The composite ceramic water reducing agent provided by the invention integrates the functions of reducing water, enhancing strength, grinding aid and the like, has the characteristics of wide application range, small total addition amount, good use effect and the like, can shorten ball milling time, save grinding power consumption, reduce slurry water content, save drying cost, improve product forming qualification rate, reduce production cost, and promote the development of ceramic industry to low energy consumption, high quality and high benefit.
Detailed Description
In order to better explain the present invention, the present invention is further described below with reference to specific preferred embodiments.
Aiming at the condition that the water reducing agent in the prior art has single function, the inventor of the invention provides a composite water reducing agent through long-term research, which not only can reduce the water content of ceramic slurry, but also has the functions of grinding aid, blank strength enhancement and the like, so that in the production process of ceramics, the water reducing agent can play the roles of reducing water, enhancing strength, grinding aid and the like by adding the water reducing agent, without independently and respectively adding the water reducing agent, the grinding aid and the blank reinforcing agent. Through a large number of experiments, the composite ceramic water reducing agent has strong adaptability, is suitable for high-quality argil and clay containing more barren materials, and can keep high yield even if the clay containing more barren materials is added.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the present invention provides the following ceramic water reducing agent:
the composite ceramic water reducing agent comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
in the composition, the sodium metasilicate may be sodium metasilicate pentahydrate, sodium metasilicate hexahydrate or sodium metasilicate heptahydrate, preferably sodium metasilicate pentahydrate; the sodium polyphosphate can be sodium dipolyphosphate, sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium tetrapolyphosphate, sodium hexametaphosphate or sodium pyrophosphate, preferably sodium tripolyphosphate; the methyl cellulose can be replaced by ethyl cellulose or carboxymethyl cellulose; the sodium citrate can be replaced by sodium tannate or sodium ethylene diamine tetracetate; the magnesium carbonate can be replaced by sodium carbonate or potassium carbonate; the polyalcohol amine in the invention is a cement grinding aid commonly used in the field, in particular to a liquid mixture of a plurality of organic matters such as polyalcohol, polyalcohol polymer, polyalcohol amine polymer and the like, and the main components comprise: diethylene glycol, glycerol, diglycerol, triglycerol, triethanolamine (TEA), sodium fatty acid, and water. Specifically, the polyalcohol amine used in the examples of the present invention has the following effective content: is more than or equal to 95 percent, meets the GB/T26748-2011 standard requirement, and is purchased from Hongda scientific and technological development Limited company in Tangshan; the fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether is purchased from Heian petrochemical plants in Jiangsu province, and mainly comprises AEO9 with the average molecular weight of 575-605; the waste sand is the residual waste slag in the production of liquid sodium silicate, sodium metasilicate and the like, and the main components of the waste sand are silicon dioxide, sodium silicate, aluminum oxide and the like.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the present invention also provides a method for preparing the ceramic, which comprises the steps of:
1) Adding the composite ceramic water reducing agent into the slurry raw material according to 0.5-0.7wt%,
performing ball milling to obtain blank dry powder, and pressing into a ceramic tile green body;
3) Drying or biscuiting the ceramic tile green body, wherein the drying temperature is 130-190 ℃, and the preferred drying period is 35-45min; the bisque firing temperature is 950-1000 ℃, and the bisque firing period is preferably 30-40min, so as to obtain the ceramic product. Wherein the ceramic product is obtained by drying and the porcelain product is obtained by biscuit firing.
Specific preferred embodiments are given below.
Example 1
A composite ceramic water reducing agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
30wt% of sodium metasilicate, 25wt% of sodium polyphosphate, 15wt% of methyl cellulose, 15wt% of sodium citrate, 5.0wt% of sodium perborate, 3.0wt% of magnesium carbonate, 3.0wt% of polyalcohol amine, 1.0wt% of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether and 3.0wt% of waste sand.
Example 2
A composite ceramic water reducing agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
35wt% of sodium metasilicate, 30wt% of sodium polyphosphate, 12.5wt% of methyl cellulose, 12.5wt% of sodium citrate, 4.0wt% of sodium perborate, 2.0wt% of magnesium carbonate, 1.0wt% of polyalcohol amine, 0.5wt% of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether and 2.5wt% of waste sand.
Example 3
A composite ceramic water reducing agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
40wt% of sodium metasilicate, 28wt% of sodium polyphosphate, 10wt% of methyl cellulose, 10wt% of sodium citrate, 3.0wt% of sodium perborate, 4.0wt% of magnesium carbonate, 2.0wt% of polyalcohol amine, 1.0wt% of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether and 2.0wt% of waste sand.
Ceramic product production examples 4 to 6
Example 4
The composite ceramic water reducing agent of example 1 above was added to slurry materials in an amount of 0.5wt% to obtain a total of 1000g of ceramic composition, wherein the slurry materials consisted of:
67% of ceramic raw materials (30% of clay, 12% of barren material sodalite powder, 13% of quartz powder, 30% of feldspar and 15% of kaolin) and 33% of water, then carrying out ball milling by adopting a ball mill, grinding the mixture into slurry by ball milling to form blank dry powder, wherein the ball milling time is 7 hours, and then pressing the blank dry powder into a green ceramic tile blank; drying the ceramic tile green body; drying temperature: 130 ℃, drying cycle: and 35min to obtain ceramic product (ceramic brick) 1#. Wherein, the fracture strength of the ceramic green body measured by a green body strength tester is 3.1MPa, the slurry flow time is 39.2s, the biscuit does not crack after 6h, and the crack length is 3.2cm after 24 h;
example 5
The composite ceramic water reducing agent of the above example 2 was added to slurry materials in an amount of 0.55wt% to obtain a total amount of 1000g of a ceramic composition, wherein the slurry materials were composed of:
67% of ceramic raw materials (30% of clay, 12% of barren material soda powder, 13% of quartz powder, 30% of feldspar and 15% of kaolin) and 33% of water, then carrying out ball milling by adopting a ball mill, carrying out ball milling to form blank dry powder after slurry is formed, wherein the ball milling time is 7 hours, and then pressing the blank dry powder into a ceramic tile green body; then biscuit firing is carried out on the ceramic tile green body; drying temperature: 160 ℃, drying cycle: and (5) 30min. And obtaining a ceramic product No. 2. Wherein, the fracture strength of the ceramic green body measured by a green body strength tester is 2.8MPa, the slurry flowing time is 38.5s, the biscuit does not crack after 6h, and the crack length is 2.8cm after 24 h;
example 6
The composite ceramic water-reducing agent of the above example 3 was added to slurry materials in an amount of 0.65wt% to obtain a total amount of 1000g of a ceramic composition, wherein the slurry materials consisted of:
67% of ceramic raw materials (30% of clay, 12% of barren material sodalite powder, 13% of quartz powder, 30% of feldspar and 15% of kaolin) and 33% of water, then carrying out ball milling by adopting a ball mill, grinding the mixture into slurry by ball milling to form blank dry powder, wherein the ball milling time is 7 hours, and then pressing the blank dry powder into a green ceramic tile blank; drying the ceramic tile green body; drying temperature: 190 ℃, drying cycle: and (5) 42min. And obtaining a ceramic product No. 3. Wherein, the fracture strength of the ceramic green body measured by a green body strength tester is 3.0MPa, the slurry flowing time is 37.0s, the biscuit does not crack after 6h, and the crack length is 2.5cm after 24 h.
Comparative example 1
Compared with the slurry raw material used in example 4 without the ceramic additive (i.e. blank sample) of the invention, the slurry prepared under the same conditions as in example 4 has a water content of 56%, a ball milling time of 10h, a dry green strength of the ceramic product of 2.5MPa, and a slurry flow time of 52s.
Comparative example 2
The slurry material used in example 4 was used, and the difference from example 4 was that the following ceramic additives were added to the slurry material:
the water content of the slurry prepared under the same conditions as in example 4 was 42%, the ball milling time was 8 hours, the dry green strength of the ceramic product was 2.6Mpa, and the slurry flow time was 44 seconds.
Compared with a blank sample without the additive, after 0.5-0.7wt% of the composite ceramic additive is added, the water content of the slurry can be reduced to 25-32 wt% from the original 55-60 wt%; the ball milling time is shortened by 30 to 35 weight percent; the dry blank strength of the ceramic product is improved by 15-20 wt%; the mud flow time is shortened to 37-40s.
Experimental results show that when the total addition amount of the composite ceramic water reducing agent is 0.5-0.7wt%, the water reducing effect is optimal, and slurry has good fluidity and thixotropy; by dispersing ceramic slurry particles, reducing particle agglomeration and adsorption and promoting generation and expansion of microcracks, the grinding aid has a good grinding aid effect on the grinding of ceramic slurry; the strength of the dry blank of the ceramic increases to a peak value.
Therefore, the composite ceramic water reducing agent has the beneficial effects that:
1. on the premise of ensuring the fluidity required by the production process, the water reducing agent can effectively reduce the water content of ceramic slurry, reduce the energy consumption of spray drying and the emission of spray drying, and has remarkable energy-saving and emission-reducing effects.
2. After the water reducing agent is added, the ball milling time is shortened, the power consumption of material grinding is reduced, and the loss of a ball milling medium is reduced; by improving the plasticity of the pug and increasing the strength of the dry blank, the forming qualification rate and the production efficiency of the product are improved, and the production cost is reduced.
3. The composite ceramic water reducing agent can be used for clay containing more barren materials, and can effectively reduce the use of high-quality argil, thereby better protecting the high-quality argil.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing examples are given for the purpose of promoting a better understanding of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention, as various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. The preparation method of the ceramic is prepared from a composite ceramic water reducing agent and a slurry raw material, and comprises the following steps:
1) Adding the composite ceramic water reducing agent into the slurry raw material according to 0.5-0.7wt%, performing ball milling to obtain blank dry powder, and pressing into a ceramic tile green body;
2) Drying or biscuiting the ceramic tile green body at the drying temperature of 130-190 ℃ and the biscuiting temperature of 950-1000 ℃ to obtain a ceramic product;
the slurry raw materials comprise the following components: 67% of ceramic raw material and 33% of water, wherein the ceramic raw material consists of 30% of clay, 12% of barren material sodalite powder, 13% of quartz powder, 30% of feldspar and 15% of kaolin;
the composite ceramic water reducing agent comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
30-40wt% of sodium metasilicate,
25-30wt% of sodium polyphosphate,
10-15wt% of methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose or carboxymethyl cellulose,
10-15wt% of sodium citrate, sodium tannate or sodium ethylene diamine tetracetate,
sodium perborate 3.0-5.0wt%,
magnesium carbonate, sodium carbonate or potassium carbonate 2.0-4.0wt%,
1.0-3.0wt% of polyalcohol amine,
fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether 0.5-1.0wt%, and
1.0-3.0wt% of waste sand;
the sum of the mass percentages of the components of the composite ceramic water reducing agent is 100%.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the sodium metasilicate is sodium metasilicate pentahydrate, sodium metasilicate hexahydrate, or sodium metasilicate heptahydrate.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the sodium polyphosphate is selected from sodium dipolyphosphate, sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium tetrapolyphosphate, sodium hexametaphosphate, and/or sodium pyrophosphate.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein the sodium polyphosphate is selected from sodium dipolyphosphate, sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium tetrapolyphosphate, sodium hexametaphosphate, and/or sodium pyrophosphate.
5. The method as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the content of sodium metasilicate is 30 to 35 wt.%.
6. The production method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the content of sodium polyphosphate is 25 to 28wt%.
7. The method of claim 5, wherein the sodium polyphosphate is present in an amount of 25 to 28wt%.
8. A ceramic produced by the production method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
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