CN112570737A - Processing method and tool for inner surface of connecting flange in inclined spray pipe shell - Google Patents
Processing method and tool for inner surface of connecting flange in inclined spray pipe shell Download PDFInfo
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- CN112570737A CN112570737A CN202011460507.7A CN202011460507A CN112570737A CN 112570737 A CN112570737 A CN 112570737A CN 202011460507 A CN202011460507 A CN 202011460507A CN 112570737 A CN112570737 A CN 112570737A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B1/00—Methods for turning or working essentially requiring the use of turning-machines; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B13/00—Arrangements for automatically conveying or chucking or guiding stock
- B23B13/12—Accessories, e.g. stops, grippers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B5/00—Turning-machines or devices specially adapted for particular work; Accessories specially adapted therefor
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Abstract
A method and a tool for machining the inner surface of a connecting flange in an inclined nozzle shell enable the axis of the connecting flange to be coaxial with a lathe spindle through the tool, so that machining of the inner surface of the connecting flange in the inclined nozzle shell is completed, and dimensional accuracy of the inner surface is guaranteed. The invention improves the internal surface of the connecting flange and improves the processing efficiency by 200 percent, the roughness of the processed surface is improved from 12.5 to 6.4, and the cutter loss is reduced by 50 percent. The adopted tool optimizes the position of the rib plate, is more accurate and convenient for a unit of a workpiece, reduces the product alignment time for each time of replacement, improves the clamping alignment speed, reduces the alignment time from 40min to 20min, reduces the deformation of the product from 0.1mm in the prior art to 0.03mm, and ensures the processing quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a processing technology of a connecting flange part of a solid rocket engine nozzle shell, in particular to a processing method and a tool for the inner surface of a connecting flange.
Background
In metal parts of a space rocket engine, a nozzle shell is one of important parts, and the structure of the nozzle shell is formed by welding a connecting flange and a tail pipe. The connecting flange is a revolving body and consists of a step circle and a spherical surface, and the tail pipe is a multi-section conical revolving body. Under the conventional condition, the rotation axes of the connecting flange and the tail pipe are overlapped, machining allowance is reserved for the inner and outer contours of the connecting flange and the tail pipe after rough machining is carried out before welding, and finish machining is carried out after welding. The outer circle of the tail pipe is clamped by a lathe chuck, so that the inner surface of the connecting flange can be machined. At present, a spray pipe shell is provided, and a tail pipe rotary axis and a connecting flange rotary axis form an alpha angle; and the distance between the intersection point m of the tail pipe rotary axis and the connecting flange rotary axis and the outer end face of the flange is H. The inner shape of the connecting flange cannot be directly turned according to the processing method because the rotating axes of the connecting flange and the tail pipe are not coincident, and great difficulty is brought to processing.
In the prior art, five-axis milling is generally adopted, a chuck of a machine tool clamps the excircle of a tail pipe, and a tool bit of the machine tool swings at a certain angle to mill the inner shape of a connecting flange. The method has the disadvantages that the programming of five-axis milling is complex, the processing period is long, the problems of cutter back-off and milling cutter lines are easy to occur in the milling of the milling cutter, the surface finish degree is poor, and the processing error is large. The other method is that the inner shape is processed to the final size before welding and then is not processed, the precision of the inner shape surface is influenced by welding deformation and welding errors, the errors are large, and the precision requirement cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defect that the requirement of machining precision cannot be met in the prior art, the invention provides a machining method and a tool for the inner surface of a connecting flange in an inclined jet pipe shell.
The invention provides a processing process of the inner surface of a connecting flange in an inclined spray pipe shell, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: turning a positioning datum plane:
step 2: manufacturing a positioning pin hole:
making a 0-degree reference line on the end face of the flange plate; the 0 degree datum line passes through the center of the flange plate, and two ends of the 0 degree datum line are respectively positioned at the 3 point and the 9 point.
And processing two symmetrically distributed pin holes on the end face of the connecting flange, and enabling the central line of each pin hole to be vertically intersected with the 0-degree datum line respectively.
And step 3: clamping a tool and a workpiece;
when the tool is clamped, a bottom plate at one end of the tool is clamped through a chuck of a numerical control lathe, and the excircle and the end face of a top plate at the other end of the tool are respectively aligned; the jumping quantity is less than 0.02 mm.
When a product is clamped, the outer circumferential surface of the flange plate in the nozzle shell welding part is placed in the positioning groove of the top plate in the tool, so that the tail pipe part in the nozzle shell welding part extends into the tool. And fixedly connecting the nozzle shell welding part with the tool through the pin hole. Inner surface of connecting flange
And fixedly connecting the top plate with a connecting flange in a welding part of the spray pipe shell. And aligning the end face of the processed flange plate to ensure that the runout is less than 0.05 mm.
And 4, step 4: turning the inner surface of the connecting flange:
the inner surface of the connecting flange consists of a front end cylindrical surface and an inner arc surface.
And moving the cutter to a position 3mm away from the front end face of the flange along the lathe coordinate system + Z direction, and taking the position as a cutting starting point.
In the first step, the machine tool is started. And the cutter moves from the cutting starting point along the machine tool coordinate system-Z direction to the arc starting point at the intersection of the arc surface of the connecting flange in the welding part of the inclined nozzle shell and the cylindrical surface, and the arc machining path of the cutter is controlled by the lathe to reach the end point of the arc, so that the machining of the inner arc surface is completed.
And step two, retracting the cutter. The cutter is withdrawn to the cutting starting point along the + Z and + X directions.
And thirdly, moving the cutter from the cutting starting point along the + X direction of the machine tool coordinate system by a cutting depth of 0.5mm, and then moving the cutter along the-Z direction of the machine tool coordinate system in the same process as the step 1 to finish the second cutting.
Repeating the process of the first step to the third step until the inner diameter of the front end cylinder is cut to a design size.
When the inner profile surface of the connecting flange is lathed, the rotating speed of the lathe is 300r/min, and the feed rate is 1 mm.
And finishing the processing of the inner surface of the connecting flange.
The tool for machining the inner surface of the connecting flange in the inclined nozzle shell comprises a top plate, four rib plates and a bottom plate. The four rib plates are respectively a first rib plate, a second rib plate, a third rib plate and a fourth rib plate. The top plate is fixedly connected with the bottom plate through four rib plates.
The concrete positions of the rib plates are respectively as follows: the first rib plate is positioned between 12 points and 3 points of the tool, and an included angle between a central line of the width direction of the small end face of the first rib plate and the 0-degree datum line is 65 degrees; the second rib plate is positioned between 12 points and 9 points of the tool, and an included angle between a center line of the width direction of the small end face of the second rib plate and the 0-degree datum line is 115 degrees; the third rib plate is positioned between 3 points and 6 points of the tool, and an included angle between a central line of the width direction of the small end face of the third rib plate and the 0-degree datum line is 25 degrees; the fourth rib plate is positioned between 6 points and 9 points of the tool, and an included angle between a central line of the width direction of the small end face of the fourth rib plate and the 0-degree datum line is 115 degrees.
The end surface of the outer end of the top plate is provided with a flange positioning groove; the diameters of the pitch circles of the threaded connecting holes and the two pin holes which are uniformly distributed at the outer edge of the end face of the top plate are both 170 mm.
The small end face of the rib plate is welded with the inner end face of the top plate, and the large end face of the rib plate is welded with the inner end face of the bottom plate. When the rib plate is welded with the bottom plate, the inclined plane of the rib plate faces to the inner hole of the bottom plate; the distance between the lower bottom edge of the rib plate inclined plane and the center of the bottom plate is 120 mm.
The axis of the connecting flange is coaxial with the lathe spindle through the tool, so that the processing of the inner shape surface of the connecting flange in the inclined nozzle shell is completed, and the dimensional precision of the inner shape is ensured.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the machining method improves the machining efficiency by turning the inner surface of the connecting flange, improves the machining efficiency by 200% compared with milling, improves the surface roughness from 12.5 to 6.4, and reduces the cutter loss by 50%. The turning method reduces the programming difficulty, and the turning programming is easier and faster than the milling programming.
The tool provided by the invention has the advantages that the size and the quality of the tool are reduced and the use is more convenient under the condition that the tail pipe part is successfully installed in the tool through reasonably designing the position of the rib plate. The two pin holes are designed to ensure that the positioning of the tool is more stable and prevent the product from moving in the machining process. The quick positioning can be realized through the positioning of the two pins, the alignment time of replacing products every time is reduced, the clamping alignment speed is improved, and the alignment time is reduced from 40 minutes to 20 minutes. And the product is fixed by the bolts, so that the product deformation is reduced, the deformation amount is reduced to 0.03mm from 0.1mm, and the processing quality is ensured.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a connection flange.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of clamping of the tool and the connecting flange.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the tool.
Fig. 4 is a right side view of fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the top plate.
Fig. 6 is a top view of fig. 5.
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the base plate
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the rib structure.
FIG. 9 is a flow chart of the process of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a connecting flange; 2. a top plate; 3. a rib plate; 4. a base plate; 5. a cutter; 6. a cutter bar; 7. a first rib plate; 8. a second rib plate; 9. a third rib plate; 10. a fourth rib plate; 11.0 deg. baseline.
Detailed Description
Processing method and tool for inner surface of connecting flange in inclined spray pipe shell
The connecting flange is part of a shell of the inclined jet pipe of the solid rocket engine. The inclined nozzle shell is formed by welding a connecting flange and a tail pipe, the included angle alpha between the axis of the tail pipe and the axis of the connecting flange is 30 degrees, and the distance from an intersection point m to the outer end face of the connecting flange is 8 mm. The connecting flange is divided into a front section cylinder, a flange plate and a spherical surface. The outer diameter of the flange plate is 200mm, and the thickness of the flange plate is 8 mm; 6 connecting through holes and two symmetrically distributed pin holes are uniformly distributed on the disc surface of the flange plate; the reference circle diameters of the through holes and the pin holes are 170 mm. The length of the inner profile of the front section cylindrical section is 31mm, and the radius of the inner spherical surface is R1Is 67mm, and the inner spherical surface and the cylindrical section are rounded off2Is 5 mm.
The tail pipe is a conical through hole, the inner molded surface and the outer molded surface are conical surfaces, the outer diameter of an opening on the upper end surface is 85mm, and the small end is communicated with the outer spherical surface of the connecting flange. The processing difficulty of the product lies in processing the inner and outer molded surfaces of the tail pipe and ensuring two space sizes: the distance between the intersection point of the intersected rotating shafts and the end surface of the connecting flange is 8mm, and the included angle between the two rotating shafts is alpha 30 degrees. The external surface consists of three conical sections: the inclination of the first conical surface is 6 degrees, and the distance between the terminal point of the first conical surface and the end surface of the tail pipe is 90 mm; the inclination of the second conical surface is 9 degrees, and the distance between the terminal point of the second conical surface and the end surface is 120 mm; the inclination of the third conical surface is 12 °, and the distance from the end face of the tail pipe end face to the end point of the third conical surface is 157 mm. Transition fillet radius R of tail pipe outer surface and connecting flange outer spherical surface2Is 5 mm.
The processing procedure of the inner surface of the connecting flange in the inclined nozzle shell provided by the embodiment is as follows:
step 1: turning a positioning datum plane:
and turning the excircle of a flange plate in the nozzle shell welding part according to a design drawing. The outer diameter of the flange plate is 200﹢0.03mm, 8mm in thickness; the flatness of the end face of the flange plate is less than 0.02 mm. The end face of the flange is used as a positioning reference surface for lathing.
Step 2: manufacturing a positioning pin hole:
making a 0-degree reference line on the end face of the flange plate; the 0 degree datum line passes through the center of the flange plate, and two ends of the 0 degree datum line are respectively positioned at the 3 point and the 9 point.
Two pin holes which are symmetrically distributed are processed on the end face of the connecting flange through a milling machine: the diameter of the pin hole is 6mm, the diameter of the indexing circle is 170mm, and the central lines of the pin holes are respectively positioned on the 0-degree datum line and vertically intersected.
And step 3: clamping frock and product:
clamping the tool on a numerically controlled lathe, clamping a bottom plate at one end of the tool through a chuck of the lathe, and respectively aligning the excircle and the end face of a top plate at the other end of the tool; the jumping quantity is less than 0.02 mm.
And clamping a product, and placing the outer circumferential surface of the flange plate in the nozzle shell welding part into the positioning groove of the top plate in the tool, so that the tail pipe part in the nozzle shell welding part extends into the tool. And rotating the product to align the two positioning pin holes on the welding part of the spray pipe shell with the pin holes on the tool, and inserting the positioning pins. And fixedly connecting the top plate with a connecting flange in a welding piece of the spray pipe shell. And aligning the end face of the processed flange plate to ensure that the runout is less than 0.05 mm.
And 4, step 4: turning the inner surface of the connecting flange:
the inner surface of the connecting flange consists of a front end cylindrical surface and an inner circular arc.
And (3) mounting the cutter, enabling the cutter point to face to the Z direction in the lathe coordinate system, and enabling the cutting edge of the cutter to face to the + X direction of the lathe coordinate system. The cutter adopts mountain height SVLBL2525M 16.
And aligning the inner circular surface of the front end of the connecting flange. The tool was moved in the lathe coordinate system + Z direction to a distance of 3mm from the flange front end face and this was used as a cutting start point.
In the first step, the machine tool is started. The rotating speed of the machine tool is 300r/min, and the feed rate is 1 mm. And the cutter moves from the cutting starting point along the Z direction of the machine tool coordinate system to the arc starting point at the intersection of the arc surface of the connecting flange in the welding part of the inclined nozzle shell and the cylindrical surface, and the arc machining path of the cutter is controlled by the lathe to reach the end point of the arc, so that the machining of the inner arc surface is completed. The radius of the arc is 64 mm.
And step two, retracting the cutter. The cutter is withdrawn to the cutting starting point along the + Z and + X directions.
And thirdly, moving the cutter from the cutting starting point along the + X direction of the machine tool coordinate system by a cutting depth of 0.5mm, and then moving the cutter along the-Z direction of the machine tool coordinate system in the same process as the step 1 to finish the second cutting.
Repeating the process from the first step to the third step until the inner diameter of the front end cylinder is cut to the designed size.
And finishing the turning of the inner surface of the connecting flange.
The tooling in the embodiment comprises a turning tooling, wherein the turning tooling comprises a top plate 2, four rib plates 3 and a bottom plate 4. The four rib plates are respectively a first rib plate 7, a second rib plate 8, a third rib plate 9 and a fourth rib plate 10. The top plate is fixedly connected with the bottom plate through four rib plates 3. A 0-degree reference line 11 is formed on the outer end face of the top plate through the center of the top plate, one end of the 0-degree reference line is located in the 3-point direction of the top plate, and the other end of the 0-degree reference line is located in the 9-point direction of the top plate; the center of the circle of the top plate is used as the origin O of the 0 ° reference line.
The end surface of the large end of each rib plate is fixed on the inner end surface of the bottom plate; the end face of each rib plate small end is fixed at the inner edge of the top plate 2, and one half of the length direction of each rib plate small end face is exposed out of the inner circumferential surface of the top plate.
The concrete positions of the rib plates are respectively as follows: the first rib plate 7 is positioned between 12 points and 3 points of the tool, and an included angle between a central line of the width direction of the small end face of the first rib plate and the 0-degree datum line is 65 degrees; the second rib plate 8 is positioned between 12 points and 9 points of the tool, and an included angle between a central line of the width direction of the small end face of the second rib plate and the 0-degree datum line is 115 degrees; the third rib plate 9 is positioned between 3 points and 6 points of the tool, and an included angle between a central line of the width direction of the small end face of the third rib plate and the 0-degree datum line is 25 degrees; the fourth rib plate 10 is positioned between 6 points and 9 points of the tool, and an included angle between a central line of the width direction of the small end face of the fourth rib plate and the 0-degree datum line is 115 degrees.
The center line of the top plate and the center line of the bottom plate are coaxial with the center line of the tool.
The top plate is an annular plate. The inner diameter of the top plate is 150mm, and the outer diameter is 260 mm; the thickness is 15 mm. The end surface of the outer end of the top plate is provided with a flange positioning groove; the inner diameter of the flange locating slot is the same as the outer diameter of the flange; the flange is embedded into the flange positioning groove. In this embodiment, the inner diameter of the groove is 200.03 and the depth is 5 mm. A 0 ° reference line 11 is provided on the outer end surface of the top plate. The outer edge of the end face of the top plate is uniformly provided with 6 threaded connecting holes and two pin holes; the diameters of reference circles of the threaded holes and the pin holes are 170mm, the two pin holes are symmetrically distributed, and the center line of each pin hole is perpendicular to the 0-degree datum line.
The bottom plate is circular. The inner diameter of the bottom plate is 100mm, the outer diameter is 360mm, and the thickness is 30 mm.
The rib plates are right-angle trapezoidal plates. The length of the short side of the rib plate is 30mm, the length of the long side is 50mm, the height is 180mm, and the thickness is 20 mm. The short edges of the rib plates are welded with the inner end face of the top plate, and the long edges are welded with the inner end face of the bottom plate.
When the rib plate is welded with the bottom plate, the inclined plane of the rib plate faces to the inner hole of the bottom plate; the distance between the lower bottom edge of the inclined surface of the rib plate and the center of the bottom plate is 120 mm.
Claims (6)
1. A processing method of the inner surface of a connecting flange in an inclined spray pipe shell is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
step 1: turning a positioning datum plane:
step 2: manufacturing a positioning pin hole:
making a 0-degree reference line on the end face of the flange plate; the 0-degree datum line passes through the center of the flange plate, and two ends of the 0-degree datum line are respectively positioned at the 3-point and 9-point positions;
processing two symmetrically distributed pin holes on the end face of the connecting flange, and enabling the central line of each pin hole to be vertically intersected with the 0-degree datum line respectively;
and step 3: clamping a tool and a workpiece;
and 4, step 4: turning the inner surface of the connecting flange:
the inner surface of the connecting flange consists of a front end cylindrical surface and an inner arc surface;
moving the cutter to a position 3mm away from the front end face of the flange along the + Z direction of a lathe coordinate system, and taking the position as a cutting starting point;
firstly, starting a machine tool; the cutter moves from the cutting starting point along the machine tool coordinate system-Z direction to the arc starting point at the intersection of the arc surface of the connecting flange in the welding part of the inclined nozzle shell and the cylindrical surface, and the arc machining path of the cutter is controlled by the lathe to reach the end point of the arc, so that the machining of the inner arc surface is completed;
secondly, retracting the cutter; the cutter is withdrawn to the cutting starting point along the + Z and + X directions;
thirdly, moving the cutter from the cutting starting point along the + X direction of the machine tool coordinate system by a cutting depth of 0.5mm, and then moving the cutter along the-Z direction of the machine tool coordinate system to finish the second cutting in the same process as the step 1;
repeating the process of the first to third steps until the inner diameter of the front end cylinder is cut to a design size;
and finishing the processing of the inner surface of the connecting flange.
2. The method for machining the inner surface of the connecting flange in the inclined nozzle shell according to claim 1, wherein when the tool is clamped in the step 3, a bottom plate at one end of the tool is clamped through a chuck of a numerical control lathe, and the outer circle and the end surface of a top plate at the other end of the tool are respectively aligned; the jumping quantity is less than 0.02 mm;
when a product is clamped, the outer circumferential surface of a flange plate in the nozzle shell welding part is placed in a positioning groove of a top plate in the tool, so that a tail pipe part in the nozzle shell welding part extends into the tool; fixedly connecting the nozzle shell welding piece with the tool through the pin hole; inner surface of connecting flange
Fixedly connecting the top plate with a connecting flange in a welding part of the spray pipe shell; and aligning the end face of the processed flange plate to ensure that the runout is less than 0.05 mm.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the turning speed of the lathe is 300r/min and the feed rate is 1mm when the inner shape of the connecting flange is turned.
4. The tool for machining the inner surface of the connecting flange in the inclined nozzle shell according to claim 1 is characterized by comprising a top plate, four rib plates and a bottom plate; the four rib plates are respectively a first rib plate, a second rib plate, a third rib plate and a fourth rib plate; the top plate is fixedly connected with the bottom plate through four rib plates;
the concrete positions of the rib plates are respectively as follows: the first rib plate is positioned between 12 points and 3 points of the tool, and an included angle between a central line of the width direction of the small end face of the first rib plate and the 0-degree datum line is 65 degrees; the second rib plate is positioned between 12 points and 9 points of the tool, and an included angle between a central line of the width direction of the small end face of the second rib plate and the 0-degree datum line is 115 degrees; the third rib plate is positioned between 3 points and 6 points of the tool, and an included angle between a central line of the width direction of the small end face of the third rib plate and the 0-degree datum line is 25 degrees; the fourth rib plate is positioned between 6 points and 9 points of the tool, and an included angle between a central line of the width direction of the small end face of the fourth rib plate and the 0-degree datum line is 115 degrees.
5. The tooling for machining the inner surface of the connecting flange in the inclined nozzle casing according to claim 4, wherein the end surface of the outer end of the top plate is provided with a flange positioning groove; the diameters of the pitch circles of the threaded connecting holes and the two pin holes which are uniformly distributed at the outer edge of the end face of the top plate are both 170 mm.
6. The tool for machining the inner surface of the connecting flange in the inclined nozzle shell according to claim 4, wherein the small end surface of the rib plate is welded with the inner end surface of the top plate, and the large end surface of the rib plate is welded with the inner end surface of the bottom plate; when the rib plate is welded with the bottom plate, the inclined plane of the rib plate faces to the inner hole of the bottom plate; the distance between the lower bottom edge of the rib plate inclined plane and the center of the bottom plate is 120 mm.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011460507.7A CN112570737A (en) | 2020-12-11 | 2020-12-11 | Processing method and tool for inner surface of connecting flange in inclined spray pipe shell |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011460507.7A CN112570737A (en) | 2020-12-11 | 2020-12-11 | Processing method and tool for inner surface of connecting flange in inclined spray pipe shell |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113153580A (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2021-07-23 | 西北工业大学 | Combined spray pipe of solid rocket engine |
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| JP2003220501A (en) * | 2002-01-24 | 2003-08-05 | Mori Seiki Co Ltd | Method for making circular arc groove |
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| CN113153580A (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2021-07-23 | 西北工业大学 | Combined spray pipe of solid rocket engine |
| CN113153580B (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2022-08-16 | 西北工业大学 | Combined spray pipe of solid rocket engine |
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Application publication date: 20210330 |