CN112559005A - Internet of things equipment firmware updating method and system based on block chain and distributed storage - Google Patents
Internet of things equipment firmware updating method and system based on block chain and distributed storage Download PDFInfo
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- CN112559005A CN112559005A CN202011354827.4A CN202011354827A CN112559005A CN 112559005 A CN112559005 A CN 112559005A CN 202011354827 A CN202011354827 A CN 202011354827A CN 112559005 A CN112559005 A CN 112559005A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
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Abstract
The invention discloses a block chain and distributed storage based Internet of things equipment firmware updating method and system, wherein the method comprises the following steps: uploading the Internet of things equipment firmware to a distributed file system by a firmware maintainer; storing the related information of the firmware of the equipment of the Internet of things into a firmware information subchain in a block chain, wherein the related information comprises a firmware storage position; if the Internet of things equipment checks that the new firmware version can be updated, the Internet of things equipment to be updated acquires updated firmware from the block chain according to the firmware storage position; and the to-be-upgraded Internet of things equipment carries out firmware upgrade based on the updated firmware. The invention utilizes the block chain and the distributed storage technology to ensure the integrity of the updating firmware of the IOT equipment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of Internet of things, and particularly relates to an Internet of things equipment firmware updating method based on a block chain and distributed storage, and further relates to an Internet of things equipment firmware updating system based on the block chain and distributed storage.
Background
With the rapid development of the internet of things, the safety problem of the internet of things equipment becomes more serious. Worldwide, there are a large number of network attacks targeting internet of things devices each year. One of the main attack means of hackers is to utilize firmware bugs of the internet of things equipment to invade the internet of things equipment, and take the broken internet of things equipment as a springboard to further attack the target internet of things.
Traditional internet of things device firmware updating usually adopts a client-server mode, and the internet of things device updating firmware is stored on a central server. With the number of the devices of the internet of things reaching the order of millions or even tens of millions, the centralized management and maintenance of the devices of the internet of things brings immeasurable cost pressure and network security to device manufacturers and device operators. In the client-server model, a central server is responsible for centralized management of the entire data. This will result in the server being the target of hacking. The number of requests initiated by a large number of internet of things devices at the same time exceeds the response capability of the server, so that the server cannot respond to the device updating request, and the updating process fails.
In addition, an attack on the server may destroy the integrity of all data stored on the server. If the firmware is tampered by hackers and malicious codes are implanted, all the devices of the Internet of things are infected, and the security of the Internet of things is threatened.
The prior art provides a block chain-based internet of things terminal software upgrading method and system (CN 201910785146.4), and discloses a block chain-based internet of things terminal software upgrading method and system, wherein the block chain-based internet of things terminal software upgrading method comprises the following steps: after a certain software is upgraded by a first terminal, recording the software upgrading information of the software on a certain block of a block chain through a consensus algorithm; and after receiving a software upgrading request sent by a second terminal, the first terminal sends a corresponding software data packet to the second terminal, wherein the software upgrading request is sent by the second terminal after inquiring that new software upgrading information exists in the block chain. The method and the system for upgrading the Internet of things terminal software based on the block chain can be suitable for batch upgrading in the scene of mass terminal equipment of the Internet of things, and the software upgrading is more timely and reliable.
However, in the method and system for upgrading the internet of things terminal software based on the block chain, updating of the internet of things terminal depends heavily on updating of first-time equipment, the updating file is stored in the first-time updating equipment, after the updating of the first-time equipment is completed, relevant information is stored in the block chain, the next internet of things terminal obtains the upgrading file from the first-time updating equipment, and if errors occur in the updating process of the first-time equipment, the subsequent operation cannot be continued.
Therefore, a safe and reliable method for safely updating the firmware of the internet of things equipment, which is wide in applicability, is needed to be used in the power internet of things.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides an Internet of things equipment firmware updating method based on a block chain and distributed storage.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a firmware updating method for internet of things equipment based on a block chain and distributed storage, which comprises the following steps:
uploading the Internet of things equipment firmware to a distributed file system by a firmware maintainer;
storing the related information of the firmware of the equipment of the Internet of things into a firmware information subchain in a block chain, wherein the related information comprises a firmware version number, firmware uploading time and a firmware storage position;
the Internet of things equipment checks whether a new firmware version is updatable or not according to the firmware version number and the firmware uploading time;
if the Internet of things equipment checks that the new firmware version can be updated, the Internet of things equipment to be updated acquires updated firmware from the block chain according to the firmware storage position;
and the to-be-upgraded Internet of things equipment carries out firmware upgrade based on the updated firmware.
Further, before uploading the internet of things device firmware, the firmware maintenance personnel further includes:
identity verification is carried out on identity information of firmware maintainers;
and the firmware maintainer passing the identity verification obtains corresponding authority information.
Further, the blockchain includes an identity subchain and an authority subchain, where the identity subchain is used to store identity information of the firmware maintainer, and the authority subchain is used to store authority information of the firmware maintainer.
Further, the checking, by the internet of things device, whether a new firmware version is updatable according to the firmware version number and the firmware uploading time includes:
the Internet of things equipment inquires whether a firmware version which is higher than a firmware version number of the current equipment and has a shorter firmware uploading time exists in the firmware information sub-chain at a preset time interval, and if so, the fact that a new firmware version is updatable is indicated.
Further, the acquiring, by the to-be-upgraded internet of things device, the updated firmware from the block chain according to the firmware storage location includes:
the method comprises the steps that the Internet of things equipment broadcasts a firmware updating request to transaction nodes in a preset block chain through an intelligent contract running on the equipment;
nodes in the transaction node set respond to the updating request and send firmware updating related information to the Internet of things equipment requesting firmware updating;
and the equipment of the Internet of things to be upgraded obtains the storage position of the firmware in the distributed system from the related information, and then downloads and updates the firmware from the distributed system according to the storage position of the firmware.
Further, the related information further includes a firmware hash value.
Further, after the internet of things device to be upgraded obtains the updated firmware, the method further includes:
the Internet of things equipment to be upgraded performs hash operation on the downloaded updated firmware to obtain a hash value;
and if the hash value obtained by calculation is consistent with the firmware hash value of the updated firmware in the firmware information subchain in comparison, the firmware is allowed to be updated.
Correspondingly, an internet of things equipment firmware updating system based on block chain and distributed storage comprises:
the distributed storage module is used for uploading the Internet of things equipment firmware to the distributed file system by a firmware maintainer;
the block chain storage module is used for storing the related information of the firmware of the equipment of the Internet of things into a firmware information subchain in a block chain, and the related information comprises a firmware storage position;
the firmware version checking module is used for checking whether a new firmware version can be updated or not by the Internet of things equipment according to the firmware version number and the firmware uploading time;
the firmware acquisition module is used for acquiring the updated firmware from the block chain according to the firmware storage position by the Internet of things equipment to be updated if the Internet of things equipment checks that the new firmware version can be updated;
and the firmware upgrading module is used for upgrading the firmware of the to-be-upgraded Internet of things equipment based on the updated firmware.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the invention utilizes the block chain and the distributed storage technology to ensure the integrity of the updating firmware of the IOT equipment, rather than the more common centralized solution; the method can support heterogeneous environments involving a large number of Internet of things devices and various firmware maintainers, and effectively solves the problems of high cost, low safety and the like caused by a centralized firmware updating method; the integrity of the firmware updating process is protected and the related data is difficult to be tampered; the firmware file is stored in the distributed storage, so that excessive increase of block chain data caused by storing the firmware file on the block chain is avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a detailed flow chart of an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
The invention has the following inventive concept: the upgrading file of the Internet of things terminal is stored in the distributed storage, and the Internet of things terminal sends a downloading request to the distributed storage, so that the upgrading process of other equipment cannot be influenced by any upgrading process without depending on a specific upgrading process. In addition, the problem of expansion of block chain account book data caused by storing the upgrade file into the block chain is solved. A distributed identity verification mechanism is constructed through a block chain technology, and the condition that the identity of a user is stolen due to the fact that an account number and a password are leaked in a traditional centralized system is avoided.
The invention relates to a firmware updating method for internet of things equipment based on a block chain and distributed storage, which is specifically shown in fig. 1 and 2 and comprises the following steps:
1) identity verification of firmware maintainers:
through a distributed identity authentication technology based on a block chain, basic information of firmware maintenance personnel is stored in the block to form an independent identity sub-chain special for storing identity information, user authority information is stored in an independent authority sub-chain, and separation of the user identity information and the authority information is achieved. Verifying the private key information of the firmware maintainer to confirm whether the firmware maintainer has the authority to perform related operations on the equipment firmware; and if the identity verification is passed, performing the next operation, and if the identity verification is not passed, stopping the operation.
2) Uploading the Internet of things equipment firmware by firmware maintainers:
the Internet of things equipment firmware is an actual code operated on any Internet of things equipment, is a core component of industrial control and Internet of things equipment, and contains various information and programs such as an operating system, a protocol stack, a configuration file, an executable script, an application component and the like operated by the equipment.
After the identity is verified, firmware maintenance personnel upload the Internet of things equipment firmware to the IPFS distributed file system.
3) Firmware hash generation and related information uplink:
and performing hash operation according to the information such as the version number and the generation time of the firmware of the internet of things equipment to obtain a specific firmware identification hash value, and storing the information such as the firmware identification hash value, the version number of the firmware, the uploading time of the firmware, the storage position (in an IPFS) of the firmware and the like in a firmware information subchain for the subsequent downloading and updating of the firmware and the safety verification of the firmware by the internet of things equipment.
4) The internet of things equipment inquires the latest version of the equipment firmware:
the internet of things equipment can inquire whether a firmware version which is higher than a firmware version number of the current equipment and has a shorter firmware uploading time exists in the firmware information sub-chain at a preset time interval, and if so, the internet of things equipment indicates that the firmware can be updated.
5) The method comprises the following steps that the Internet of things equipment to be upgraded acquires upgrade firmware:
when the Internet of things equipment discovers available updating firmware, a firmware updating request is broadcasted to transaction nodes in a preset block chain through an intelligent contract running on the equipment. The transaction node has certain computing capacity and storage space and can respond to the request of the Internet of things equipment. Some nodes in the transaction node set respond to the update request and send update firmware-related information to the device requesting the firmware update. The response meeting the set rule specified in the intelligent contract is a valid response, such as: it is necessary that the transaction nodes belonging to different organizations in the transaction node set respond, and the response content is consistent. And the to-be-upgraded Internet of things equipment obtains the storage position of the firmware in the IPFS from the effective transaction node response information, and downloads and updates the firmware from the IPFS according to the storage position of the firmware.
6) And (3) firmware hash value comparison:
and the Internet of things equipment to be upgraded performs hash operation on the version number of the downloaded updated firmware and the generation time, and compares the obtained hash value with the hash value of the firmware identification stored in the block chain.
7) Firmware upgrading:
and if the hash value calculated in the step 6) is compared with the hash value stored on the block chain, judging that the hash value is consistent, indicating that the comparison is successful, and updating the firmware. If not, the comparison fails, the updating is abandoned and abnormal alarm information is sent out.
The invention improves the safety of the firmware updating of the equipment of the Internet of things based on the block chain technology, can support heterogeneous environments involving a large number of pieces of equipment of the Internet of things and various firmware maintainers, effectively solves the problems of high cost, low safety and the like caused by a centralized firmware updating method, protects the integrity of the firmware updating process by introducing an intelligent contract technology and ensures that related data are difficult to be tampered.
Example 2
The invention relates to an Internet of things equipment firmware updating system based on a block chain and distributed storage, which comprises:
the distributed storage module is used for uploading the Internet of things equipment firmware to the distributed file system by a firmware maintainer;
the block chain storage module is used for storing the related information of the Internet of things equipment firmware into a firmware information subchain in a block chain, wherein the related information comprises a firmware version number, firmware uploading time and a firmware storage position;
the firmware version checking module is used for checking whether a new firmware version can be updated or not by the Internet of things equipment according to the firmware version number and the firmware uploading time;
the firmware acquisition module is used for acquiring the updated firmware from the block chain according to the firmware storage position by the Internet of things equipment to be updated if the Internet of things equipment checks that the new firmware version can be updated;
and the firmware upgrading module is used for upgrading the firmware of the to-be-upgraded Internet of things equipment based on the updated firmware.
The specific implementation scheme of each module in the system of the invention refers to the specific implementation steps of the method.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A firmware updating method for Internet of things equipment based on block chains and distributed storage is characterized by comprising the following steps:
uploading the Internet of things equipment firmware to a distributed file system by a firmware maintainer;
storing the related information of the firmware of the equipment of the Internet of things into a firmware information subchain in a block chain, wherein the related information comprises a firmware version number, firmware uploading time and a firmware storage position;
the Internet of things equipment checks whether a new firmware version is updatable or not according to the firmware version number and the firmware uploading time;
if the Internet of things equipment checks that the new firmware version can be updated, the Internet of things equipment to be updated acquires updated firmware from the block chain according to the firmware storage position;
and the to-be-upgraded Internet of things equipment carries out firmware upgrade based on the updated firmware.
2. The method for updating the firmware of the internet of things equipment based on the blockchain and distributed storage as claimed in claim 1, wherein before uploading the firmware of the internet of things equipment, the firmware maintenance personnel further comprises:
identity verification is carried out on identity information of firmware maintainers;
and the firmware maintainer passing the identity verification obtains corresponding authority information.
3. The IOT equipment firmware updating method based on the blockchain and the distributed storage as claimed in claim 2, wherein the blockchain comprises an identity subchain and an authority subchain, the identity subchain is used for storing identity information of firmware maintenance personnel, and the authority subchain is used for storing authority information of the firmware maintenance personnel.
4. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the checking whether the new firmware version is updatable according to the firmware version number and the firmware upload time by the internet of things device comprises:
the Internet of things equipment inquires whether a firmware version which is higher than a firmware version number of the current equipment and has a shorter firmware uploading time exists in the firmware information sub-chain at a preset time interval, and if so, the fact that a new firmware version is updatable is indicated.
5. The method for updating the firmware of the internet of things equipment based on the blockchain and the distributed storage as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step of acquiring the updated firmware from the blockchain by the internet of things equipment to be upgraded according to the firmware storage location comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps that the Internet of things equipment broadcasts a firmware updating request to transaction nodes in a preset block chain through an intelligent contract running on the equipment;
nodes in the transaction node set respond to the updating request and send firmware updating related information to the Internet of things equipment requesting firmware updating;
and the to-be-upgraded Internet of things equipment obtains the storage position of the firmware in the distributed system from the related information, and then downloads and updates the firmware from the IPFS according to the storage position of the firmware.
6. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the related information further includes a firmware hash value.
7. The method for updating the firmware of the internet of things equipment based on the blockchain and the distributed storage as claimed in claim 6, wherein after the update firmware is obtained by the to-be-updated internet of things equipment, the method further comprises:
the Internet of things equipment to be upgraded performs hash operation on the downloaded updated firmware to obtain a hash value;
and if the hash value obtained by calculation is consistent with the firmware hash value of the updated firmware in the firmware information subchain in comparison, the firmware is allowed to be updated.
8. The utility model provides a thing networking device firmware update system based on block chain and distributed storage which characterized by includes:
the distributed storage module is used for uploading the Internet of things equipment firmware to the distributed file system by a firmware maintainer;
the block chain storage module is used for storing the related information of the Internet of things equipment firmware into a firmware information subchain in a block chain, wherein the related information comprises a firmware version number, firmware uploading time and a firmware storage position;
the firmware version checking module is used for checking whether a new firmware version can be updated or not by the Internet of things equipment according to the firmware version number and the firmware uploading time;
the firmware acquisition module is used for acquiring the updated firmware from the block chain according to the firmware storage position by the Internet of things equipment to be updated if the Internet of things equipment checks that the new firmware version can be updated;
and the firmware upgrading module is used for upgrading the firmware of the to-be-upgraded Internet of things equipment based on the updated firmware.
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| CN114024995A (en) * | 2021-11-24 | 2022-02-08 | 内蒙古电力(集团)有限责任公司内蒙古电力科学研究院分公司 | Internet of things terminal firmware safety analysis system |
| CN114095538A (en) * | 2021-11-18 | 2022-02-25 | 四川启睿克科技有限公司 | Bidirectional authentication method for OTA (over the air) upgrading of Internet of things equipment based on block chain technology |
| CN114168175A (en) * | 2021-12-14 | 2022-03-11 | 四川启睿克科技有限公司 | Block chain-based cross-manufacturer equipment tracing method and system |
| CN114168176A (en) * | 2021-12-15 | 2022-03-11 | 四川启睿克科技有限公司 | Block chain-based cross-manufacturer equipment upgrading system and method |
| CN115174385A (en) * | 2022-06-15 | 2022-10-11 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Industrial Internet of things equipment firmware software updating method based on block chain |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114095538A (en) * | 2021-11-18 | 2022-02-25 | 四川启睿克科技有限公司 | Bidirectional authentication method for OTA (over the air) upgrading of Internet of things equipment based on block chain technology |
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| CN115174385B (en) * | 2022-06-15 | 2024-04-02 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Firmware software updating method for industrial Internet of things equipment based on blockchain |
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Application publication date: 20210326 |