CN112558377A

CN112558377A - Aperture and shutter

Info

Publication number: CN112558377A
Application number: CN202011547662.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 钟木生; ***; 赵少伟
Original assignee: Dongguan Vide Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Dongguan Vide Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-12-24
Filing date: 2020-12-24
Publication date: 2021-03-26
Anticipated expiration: 2040-12-24
Also published as: CN112558377B

Abstract

The invention discloses a diaphragm and shutter, which comprises a fixed base, a fixed cover plate and a blade driving assembly, wherein a movable blade assembly in a blade accommodating cavity of the fixed base comprises an upper movable blade and a lower movable blade; the blade driving component comprises a magnet rocking handle mechanism, a winding assembly and a coil winding wrapped on the periphery of the winding assembly, the winding assembly comprises a winding main body and a winding upper cover, the magnet rocking handle mechanism comprises a movable rocking handle, a movable magnet and a rotating shaft, the movable rocking handle comprises a rocking handle mounting part embedded in a magnet through hole of the movable magnet, the rocking handle mounting part is sleeved on the periphery of the rotating shaft, a first driving swing arm and a second driving swing arm are arranged at the upper end part of the rocking handle mounting part, the first driving swing arm drives an upper movable blade, and the second driving swing arm drives a lower movable blade; the winding main body is provided with a limiting magnet at the periphery of the movable magnet, and the coil winding is provided with a damping magnet. Through the structural design, the invention has the functions of an aperture and a shutter, and has novel design, simple structure and multiple functions.

Description

Aperture and shutter

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of cameras, in particular to a diaphragm and a shutter.

Background

Cameras are widely used in daily life of people, and various camera products exist in the prior art, such as cameras used for security monitoring and cameras used for automobile driving recording.

It should be noted that, for a camera, an aperture structure and a shutter structure are generally arranged, and an automatic aperture structure, a precise aperture structure and a shutter structure of the existing camera are mutually independent components; the camera with the independent aperture structure and shutter structure has the defects of complex structure and high cost.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a diaphragm and shutter which has both functions of a diaphragm and a shutter, and which is novel in design, simple in structure, and versatile.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions.

A diaphragm and shutter comprises a fixed base and a fixed cover plate, wherein the fixed base is provided with a blade accommodating cavity with an upward opening, the fixed cover plate covers the opening at the upper end of the blade accommodating cavity of the fixed base, the middle part of the fixed base is provided with a base light through hole which completely penetrates up and down and is communicated with the blade accommodating cavity, and the middle part of the fixed cover plate is provided with a cover plate light through hole which completely penetrates up and down and is aligned with the base light through hole up and down; the movable blade assembly is embedded in the blade accommodating cavity and comprises an upper movable blade and a lower movable blade, the upper movable blade and the lower movable blade are horizontally and transversely arranged, the lower movable blade is positioned below the upper movable blade, the right end part of the upper movable blade is provided with an upper blade driving part, and the upper blade driving part is provided with an upper blade driving hole which is completely penetrated up and down; the right end part of the lower movable blade is provided with a lower blade driving part, and the lower blade driving part is provided with a lower blade driving hole which completely penetrates up and down;

the aperture and shutter also comprises a blade driving assembly, wherein the blade driving assembly comprises a magnet rocking handle mechanism, a winding assembly and a coil winding wound on the periphery of the winding assembly; the right end part of the fixed base is provided with a fixed mounting hole site which is opened downwards and communicated with the blade accommodating cavity, and the upper end part of the winding upper cover is embedded and clamped in the fixed mounting hole site of the fixed base;

the magnet rocking handle mechanism comprises a movable rocking handle, movable magnets and a rotating shaft, wherein the movable magnets are cylindrical and are vertically arranged, and the movable magnets are embedded in the magnet accommodating cavities; the rotating shaft is positioned in the magnet accommodating cavity, the upper end part of the rotating shaft is connected with the winding upper cover, and the lower end part of the rotating shaft is connected with the winding main body; the core part of the movable magnet is provided with a magnet through hole which is completely penetrated up and down, the movable rocking handle comprises a rocking handle installation part which is embedded and clamped in the magnet through hole of the movable magnet, the rocking handle installation part is sleeved on the periphery of the rotating shaft, the upper end part of the rocking handle installation part is provided with a first driving swing arm and a second driving swing arm, and the first driving swing arm and the second driving swing arm are respectively integrated with the rocking handle installation part; a first clearance hole corresponding to the first driving swing arm and a second clearance hole corresponding to the second driving swing arm are formed between the winding upper cover and the winding main body, the first driving swing arm penetrates through the first clearance hole, the second driving swing arm penetrates through the second clearance hole, the upper end of the first driving swing arm extends into the blade accommodating cavity, the upper end of the first driving swing arm is inserted into the upper blade driving hole of the upper movable blade, the upper end of the second driving swing arm extends into the blade accommodating cavity, and the upper end of the second driving swing arm is inserted into the lower blade driving hole of the lower movable blade;

the winding main body is provided with a strip-shaped and vertically-arranged limiting magnet at the periphery of the movable magnet, and the coil winding is provided with a ring-shaped damping magnet which is coaxially arranged with the movable magnet.

The upper end part of the first driving swing arm is provided with a first driving shaft part which protrudes upwards and extends, the first driving shaft part is embedded in an upper blade driving hole of the upper movable blade, and the first driving shaft part and the first driving swing arm are of an integral structure;

the upper end part of the second driving swing arm is provided with a second driving shaft part which protrudes and extends upwards, the second driving shaft part is embedded and inserted into the lower blade driving hole of the lower movable blade, and the second driving shaft part and the second driving swing arm are of an integral structure.

The upper end part of the first driving shaft part is provided with a first anti-falling hook which horizontally protrudes outwards, and the first anti-falling hook is positioned on the upper end side of the upper movable blade;

and a second anti-falling hook which protrudes outwards horizontally is arranged at the upper end part of the second driving shaft part, and is positioned at the upper end side of the lower movable blade.

The winding main body is provided with a magnet clamping groove corresponding to the limiting magnet, and the limiting magnet is embedded and clamped in the magnet clamping groove of the winding main body.

Wherein, the periphery of the winding main body is sleeved and fastened with a circular ring-shaped round iron.

The winding body is provided with a metal PIN needle which protrudes and extends downwards, and a leading-out wire of the coil winding is welded with the metal PIN needle;

the aperture and shutter further comprises a circuit board, wherein the metal PIN needle is welded with the circuit board, and the metal PIN needle is electrically connected with an internal circuit of the circuit board.

The winding main body is provided with a main body positioning hole corresponding to the rotary shaft at the bottom of the magnet accommodating cavity, the upper end part of the rotary shaft is embedded in the upper cover positioning hole, and the lower end part of the rotary shaft is embedded in the main body positioning hole; the core part of the rocking handle installation part is provided with a rocking handle through hole which is completely penetrated up and down, the rotating shaft is embedded in the rocking handle through hole of the rocking handle installation part, and the rotating shaft is in interference fit with the rocking handle through hole.

The fixed base is provided with a blade guide post protruding upwards on the bottom surface of the blade accommodating cavity, the edge part of the upper movable blade is provided with an upper blade guide groove which completely penetrates up and down and linearly extends along the left-right direction, the edge part of the lower movable blade is provided with a lower blade guide groove which completely penetrates up and down and linearly extends along the left-right direction, and the blade guide post is sequentially inserted into the lower blade guide groove and the upper blade guide groove from bottom to top.

The fixed base is provided with a lower blade sliding rail and an upper blade sliding rail on the bottom surface of the blade accommodating cavity, the lower surface of the lower movable blade is in contact with the lower blade sliding rail, and the lower surface of the upper movable blade is in contact with the upper blade sliding rail.

Wherein, unable adjustment base and fixed apron lock joint.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention relates to a diaphragm and shutter, which comprises a fixed base and a fixed cover plate, wherein the fixed base is provided with a blade accommodating cavity with an upward opening, the fixed cover plate is covered at the opening at the upper end of the blade accommodating cavity of the fixed base, the middle part of the fixed base is provided with a base light through hole which completely penetrates up and down and is communicated with the blade accommodating cavity, and the middle part of the fixed cover plate is provided with a cover plate light through hole which completely penetrates up and down and is aligned with the base light through hole up and down; the movable blade assembly is embedded in the blade accommodating cavity and comprises an upper movable blade and a lower movable blade, the upper movable blade and the lower movable blade are horizontally and transversely arranged, the lower movable blade is positioned below the upper movable blade, the right end part of the upper movable blade is provided with an upper blade driving part, and the upper blade driving part is provided with an upper blade driving hole which is completely penetrated up and down; the right end part of the lower movable blade is provided with a lower blade driving part, and the lower blade driving part is provided with a lower blade driving hole which completely penetrates up and down; the aperture and shutter also comprises a blade driving assembly, wherein the blade driving assembly comprises a magnet rocking handle mechanism, a winding assembly and a coil winding wound on the periphery of the winding assembly; the right end part of the fixed base is provided with a fixed mounting hole site which is opened downwards and communicated with the blade accommodating cavity, and the upper end part of the winding upper cover is embedded and clamped in the fixed mounting hole site of the fixed base; the magnet rocking handle mechanism comprises a movable rocking handle, movable magnets and a rotating shaft, wherein the movable magnets are cylindrical and are vertically arranged, and the movable magnets are embedded in the magnet accommodating cavities; the rotating shaft is positioned in the magnet accommodating cavity, the upper end part of the rotating shaft is connected with the winding upper cover, and the lower end part of the rotating shaft is connected with the winding main body; the core part of the movable magnet is provided with a magnet through hole which is completely penetrated up and down, the movable rocking handle comprises a rocking handle installation part which is embedded and clamped in the magnet through hole of the movable magnet, the rocking handle installation part is sleeved on the periphery of the rotating shaft, the upper end part of the rocking handle installation part is provided with a first driving swing arm and a second driving swing arm, and the first driving swing arm and the second driving swing arm are respectively integrated with the rocking handle installation part; a first clearance hole corresponding to the first driving swing arm and a second clearance hole corresponding to the second driving swing arm are formed between the winding upper cover and the winding main body, the first driving swing arm penetrates through the first clearance hole, the second driving swing arm penetrates through the second clearance hole, the upper end of the first driving swing arm extends into the blade accommodating cavity, the upper end of the first driving swing arm is inserted into the upper blade driving hole of the upper movable blade, the upper end of the second driving swing arm extends into the blade accommodating cavity, and the upper end of the second driving swing arm is inserted into the lower blade driving hole of the lower movable blade; the winding main body is provided with a strip-shaped and vertically-arranged limiting magnet at the periphery of the movable magnet, and the coil winding is provided with a ring-shaped damping magnet which is coaxially arranged with the movable magnet. Through the structural design, the invention has the functions of an aperture and a shutter at the same time, namely the invention has the advantages of novel design, simple structure and multiple functions.

Drawings

The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings to which, however, the embodiments shown in the drawings do not constitute any limitation.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is an exploded view of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a blade drive assembly of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an exploded schematic view of the blade drive assembly of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional schematic view of a blade drive assembly of the present invention.

Fig. 1 to 6 include:

1-fixed base 11-blade containing cavity

12-base light through hole 13-fixed mounting hole site

14-vane guide column 151-upper vane slide rail

152-lower blade slide rail 2-fixed cover plate

21-cover plate light through hole 3-movable blade component

31-upper movable blade 311-upper blade driving part

312 upper vane driving hole 313 upper vane guide groove

32-lower moving blade 321-lower blade drive section

322-lower blade driving hole 323-lower blade guide groove

4-blade drive assembly 41-magnet rocking handle mechanism

411-movable rocking handle 4111-rocking handle mounting part

4112-first driving swing arm 41121-first driving shaft

41122-first anti-drop hook 4113-second driving swing arm

41131, second driving shaft 41132, and second anti-slip hook

412-Movable magnet 4121-magnet through hole

413-rotating shaft 42-winding assembly

421-winding main body 4211-main body winding groove

4212-Magnetitum holding groove 4213-Main body positioning hole

422-winding upper cover 4221-upper cover winding groove

4222 Upper cover positioning hole 423 and magnet containing cavity

4241 first hole 4242 second hole

43-coil winding 44-limit magnet

45 damping magnet 46 round iron

47-metal PIN needle 48-circuit board.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described below with reference to specific embodiments.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, a stop and shutter is characterized in that: the blade fixing device comprises a fixed base 1 and a fixed cover plate 2, wherein the fixed base 1 is provided with a blade accommodating cavity 11 with an upward opening, the fixed cover plate 2 covers an opening at the upper end of the blade accommodating cavity 11 of the fixed base 1, the middle part of the fixed base 1 is provided with a base light through hole 12 which completely penetrates up and down and is communicated with the blade accommodating cavity 11, and the middle part of the fixed cover plate 2 is provided with a cover plate light through hole 21 which completely penetrates up and down and is arranged in an up-and-down alignment manner with the base light through hole 12; a movable blade assembly 3 is embedded in the blade accommodating cavity 11, the movable blade assembly 3 comprises an upper movable blade 31 and a lower movable blade 32, the upper movable blade 31 and the lower movable blade 32 are respectively arranged horizontally and transversely, an upper blade driving part 311 is arranged at the right end part of the upper movable blade 31, and an upper blade driving hole 312 which is completely penetrated up and down is formed in the upper blade driving part 311; a lower blade driving portion 321 is provided at a right end portion of the lower moving blade 32, and a lower blade driving hole 322 is formed in the lower blade driving portion 321 to completely penetrate vertically.

It should be explained that the fixed base 1 of the present invention is fastened with the fixed cover plate 2; of course, the above assembling manner does not limit the present invention, that is, the fixing base 1 and the fixing cover plate 2 of the present invention can also be assembled and connected by a screw connection manner.

As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the aperture and shutter further includes a blade driving assembly 4, the blade driving assembly 4 includes a magnet rocking handle mechanism 41, a winding assembly 42, and a coil winding 43 wrapped around the winding assembly 42, the winding assembly 42 includes a winding main body 421 and a winding upper cover 422 installed at the upper end of the winding main body 421, the winding main body 421 and the winding upper cover 422 are respectively hard plastic members, the winding main body 421 is provided with a main body winding groove 4211, the winding upper cover 422 is provided with an upper cover winding groove 4221, the coil winding 43 is located in the main body winding groove 4211 and the upper cover winding groove 4221, and a magnet accommodating cavity 423 is formed between the winding main body 421 and the winding upper cover 422; the right end of the fixed base 1 is provided with a fixed mounting hole site 13 which is opened downwards and communicated with the blade accommodating cavity 11, and the upper end of the winding upper cover 422 is embedded and clamped in the fixed mounting hole site 13 of the fixed base 1. In addition, a circular iron 46 having a circular ring shape is fastened around the outer periphery of the winding body 421, and the circular iron 46 serves as an outer peripheral protection structure of the winding body 421.

Further, the magnet rocking handle mechanism 41 comprises a movable rocking handle 411, movable magnets 412 and a rotating shaft 413, wherein the movable magnets 412 are cylindrical and vertically arranged, and the movable magnets 412 are embedded in the magnet accommodating cavity 423; the rotating shaft 413 is positioned in the magnet accommodating cavity 423, the upper end part of the rotating shaft 413 is connected with the winding upper cover 422, and the lower end part of the rotating shaft 413 is connected with the winding main body 421; a magnet through hole 4121 which completely penetrates through the core part of the movable magnet 412 from top to bottom is formed in the core part of the movable magnet 412, the movable rocking handle 411 comprises a rocking handle installation part 4111 which is embedded in the magnet through hole 4121 of the movable magnet 412, the rocking handle installation part 4111 is sleeved on the periphery of the rotating shaft 413, a first driving swing arm 4112 and a second driving swing arm 4113 are arranged at the upper end part of the rocking handle installation part 4111, and the first driving swing arm 4112 and the second driving swing arm 4113 are respectively integrated with the rocking handle installation part 4111 into a whole; a first clearance hole 4241 corresponding to the first driving swing arm 4112 and a second clearance hole 4242 corresponding to the second driving swing arm 4113 are formed in the middle of the winding upper cover 422 and the winding main body 421, the first driving swing arm 4112 passes through the first clearance hole 4241, the second driving swing arm 4113 passes through the second clearance hole 4242, the upper end of the first driving swing arm 4112 extends into the blade accommodating cavity 11, the upper end of the first driving swing arm 4112 is inserted into the upper blade driving hole 312 of the upper movable blade 31, the upper end of the second driving swing arm 4113 extends into the blade accommodating cavity 11, and the upper end of the second driving swing arm 4113 is inserted into the lower blade driving hole 322 of the lower movable blade 32.

For the rotating shaft 413 of the present invention, it can be installed in the following way, specifically: the winding upper cover 422 is provided with an upper cover positioning hole 4222 which is opened downwards corresponding to the rotating shaft 413, the winding main body 421 is provided with a main body positioning hole 4213 corresponding to the rotating shaft 413 at the bottom of the magnet accommodating cavity 423, the upper end part of the rotating shaft 413 is embedded in the upper cover positioning hole 4222, and the lower end part of the rotating shaft 413 is embedded in the main body positioning hole 4213; a rocking handle through hole which completely penetrates up and down is formed in the core part of the rocking handle mounting part 4111, the rotating shaft 413 is embedded in the rocking handle through hole of the rocking handle mounting part 4111, and the rotating shaft 413 is in interference fit with the rocking handle through hole.

Furthermore, the winding body 421 is provided with a bar-shaped and vertically arranged limit magnet 44 on the periphery of the movable magnet 412, and the coil winding 43 is provided with a ring-shaped damping magnet 45 coaxially arranged with the movable magnet 412. It should be explained that the winding main body 421 has a magnet holding groove corresponding to the limiting magnet 44, and the limiting magnet 44 is embedded in the magnet holding groove of the winding main body 421.

As for the movable rocking handle 411 of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4 to 6, the upper end portion of the first driving swing arm 4112 is provided with a first driving shaft portion 41121 protruding and extending upward, the first driving shaft portion 41121 is inserted into the upper blade driving hole 312 of the upper movable blade 31, and the first driving shaft portion 41121 and the first driving swing arm 4112 are an integral structure; similarly, the upper end portion of the second driving swing arm 4113 is provided with a second driving shaft portion 41131 protruding and extending upward, the second driving shaft portion 41131 is inserted into the lower blade driving hole 322 of the lower moving blade 32, and the second driving shaft portion 41131 and the second driving swing arm 4113 are integrated. In addition, in order to prevent the upper movable vane 31 from separating from the first driving shaft portion 41121 and the lower movable vane 32 from separating from the second driving shaft portion 41131, the first driving shaft portion 41121 and the second driving shaft portion 41131 of the present invention may adopt the following design of limiting structures: a first retaining hook 41122 protruding horizontally outward is provided at the upper end of the first driving shaft 41121, and the first retaining hook 41122 is located at the upper end of the upper movable blade 31; the upper end portion of the second drive shaft portion 41131 is provided with a second retaining hook 41132 which horizontally protrudes outward, and the second retaining hook 41132 is located on the upper end side of the lower moving blade 32.

In the working process of the present invention, a magnetic field acting force generated after the coil winding 43 is energized acts on the movable magnet 412, the movable magnet 412 rotates under the action of the magnetic field acting force, and the movable magnet 412 drives the movable rocking handle 411 to rotate synchronously, so that the first driving swing arm 4112 and the second driving swing arm 4113 of the movable rocking handle 411 swing, the swinging first driving swing arm 4112 pulls the upper blade driving portion 311 of the upper movable blade 31 through the first driving shaft portion 41121, the swinging second driving swing arm 4113 pulls the lower blade driving portion 321 of the lower movable blade 32 through the second driving shaft portion 41131, the upper movable blade 31 and the lower movable blade 32 move left and right in the blade accommodating cavity 11 of the fixed base 1 under the driving action of the corresponding first driving swing arm 4112 and the second driving swing arm 4113, and the upper movable blade 31 and the lower movable blade 32 synchronously move in opposite directions.

It should be noted that, when the movable rocking handle 411 drives the upper movable blade 31 and the lower movable blade 32 to open and close rapidly, the present invention can realize the shutter function; when the movable rocking handle 411 drives the upper movable blade 31 and the lower movable blade 32 to keep the light through hole area with the designated size, the present invention can realize the diaphragm function. Therefore, the invention has the functions of an aperture (automatic aperture, precise aperture) and a shutter, only needs to adjust the energizing pulse mode, and has simple structure, simple operation and low cost.

It should be further noted that, in the process that the movable magnet 412 is driven to rotate by the magnetic field acting force generated by the energization of the wire wrapping set 43, the wire wrapping set 43 generates power, and the limit magnet 44 and the damping magnet 45 generate resistance to the movable magnet 412, and the relationship between the power and the resistance can be changed by the change of the voltage, that is, there is a case that the power is greater than the resistance or equal to the resistance or less than the resistance; when the power is equal to the resistance, the invention can realize the balance of two forces; when the power is not equal to the resistance, the invention can generate unbalance of two forces. In the case of the two forces being balanced, the movable magnet 412 of the present invention may be stopped at any position, thereby achieving the light transmission hole area to be maintained at a desired size.

From the above situation, the present invention has the functions of both the diaphragm (automatic diaphragm, precision diaphragm) and the shutter through the above structural design, that is, the present invention has the advantages of novel design, simple structure and multiple functions.

As a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 6, a metal PIN 47 which protrudes and extends downward is provided around the main body, and the lead wire of the coil winding 43 is welded to the metal PIN 47; the diaphragm and shutter further comprises a circuit board 48, the metal PIN PIN 47 is welded with the circuit board 48, and the metal PIN PIN 47 is electrically connected with an internal circuit of the circuit board 48. The circuit board 48 of the present invention may be a PCB circuit board 48 or an FPC circuit board 48, and the circuit board 48 of the present invention is electrically connected to an external power source through a wire.

In addition, a hall sensor can be further installed in the magnet accommodating cavity 423, the hall sensor is electrically connected with the circuit board 48, the hall sensor is used for accurately detecting the rotation angle of the movable magnet 412, so that the moving positions of the upper movable blade 31 and the lower movable blade 32 are accurately controlled, the hall sensor is installed on the precise diaphragm, and the diaphragm precision is higher.

As a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, in order to ensure that the upper movable vane 31 and the lower movable vane 32 move left and right smoothly and reliably, the present invention adopts the following guide structure design: the fixed base 1 is provided with a blade guide post 14 protruding upward on the bottom surface of the blade accommodating cavity 11, an upper blade guide groove 313 completely penetrating up and down and linearly extending along the left-right direction is formed in the edge portion of the upper movable blade 31, a lower blade guide groove 323 completely penetrating up and down and linearly extending along the left-right direction is formed in the edge portion of the lower movable blade 32, and the blade guide post 14 is sequentially inserted into the lower blade guide groove 323 and the upper blade guide groove 313 from bottom to top.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, in a preferred embodiment, the stationary base 1 is provided with a lower blade slide rail 152 and an upper blade slide rail 151 on the bottom surface of the blade housing chamber 11, the lower surface of the lower moving blade 32 is in contact with the lower blade slide rail 152, and the lower surface of the upper moving blade 31 is in contact with the upper blade slide rail 151. In the process that the upper movable vane 31 and the lower movable vane 32 slide left and right relative to the fixed base 1, the lower vane slide rail 152 can effectively reduce the contact area between the lower movable vane 32 and the fixed base 1, and further can effectively reduce the friction force between the lower movable vane 32 and the fixed base 1, so as to improve the smoothness of the movement of the lower movable vane 32; similarly, the upper blade sliding rail 151 can effectively reduce the contact area between the upper moving blade 31 and the fixed base 1, and further can effectively reduce the friction force between the upper moving blade 31 and the fixed base 1, so as to improve the smoothness of the movement of the upper moving blade 31.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, the present invention should not be limited by the description of the present invention, which should be interpreted as a limitation.

Claims

1. An aperture and shutter, characterized in that: the blade fixing device comprises a fixed base (1) and a fixed cover plate (2), wherein the fixed base (1) is provided with a blade accommodating cavity (11) with an upward opening, the fixed cover plate (2) covers an opening at the upper end of the blade accommodating cavity (11) of the fixed base (1), the middle part of the fixed base (1) is provided with a base light through hole (12) which is completely penetrated up and down and is communicated with the blade accommodating cavity (11), and the middle part of the fixed cover plate (2) is provided with a cover plate light through hole (21) which is completely penetrated up and down and is aligned with the base light through hole (12) up and down; a movable blade assembly (3) is embedded in the blade accommodating cavity (11), the movable blade assembly (3) comprises an upper movable blade (31) and a lower movable blade (32), the upper movable blade (31) and the lower movable blade (32) are horizontally and transversely arranged, an upper blade driving part (311) is arranged at the right end part of the upper movable blade (31), and an upper blade driving hole (312) which is completely penetrated up and down is formed in the upper blade driving part (311); a lower blade driving part (321) is arranged at the right end part of the lower movable blade (32), and a lower blade driving hole (322) which completely penetrates through the lower blade driving part (321) from top to bottom is formed in the lower blade driving part;

the aperture and shutter further comprises a blade driving assembly (4), wherein the blade driving assembly (4) comprises a magnet rocking handle mechanism (41), a winding assembly (42) and a coil winding (43) wound on the periphery of the winding assembly (42), the winding assembly (42) comprises a winding main body (421) and a winding upper cover (422) arranged at the upper end of the winding main body (421), the winding main body (421) and the winding upper cover (422) are respectively hard plastic parts, a main body winding groove (4211) is formed in the winding main body (421), an upper cover winding groove (4221) is formed in the winding upper cover (422), the coil winding (43) is located in the main body winding groove (4211) and the upper cover winding groove (4221), and a magnet accommodating cavity (423) is formed between the winding main body (421) and the winding upper cover (422); the right end part of the fixed base (1) is provided with a fixed mounting hole (13) which is opened downwards and is communicated with the blade accommodating cavity (11), and the upper end part of the winding upper cover (422) is embedded and clamped in the fixed mounting hole (13) of the fixed base (1);

the magnet rocking handle mechanism (41) comprises a movable rocking handle (411), movable magnets (412) and a rotating shaft (413), wherein the movable magnets (412) are cylindrical and vertically arranged, and the movable magnets (412) are embedded in the magnet containing cavity (423); the rotating shaft (413) is positioned in the magnet accommodating cavity (423), the upper end part of the rotating shaft (413) is connected with the winding upper cover (422), and the lower end part of the rotating shaft (413) is connected with the winding main body (421); a magnet through hole (4121) which completely penetrates up and down is formed in the core part of the movable magnet (412), the movable rocking handle (411) comprises a rocking handle mounting part (4111) which is embedded in the magnet through hole (4121) of the movable magnet (412), the rocking handle mounting part (4111) is sleeved on the periphery of the rotating shaft (413), a first driving swing arm (4112) and a second driving swing arm (4113) are arranged at the upper end part of the rocking handle mounting part (4111), and the first driving swing arm (4112) and the second driving swing arm (4113) are respectively integrated with the rocking handle mounting part (4111); a first clearance hole (4241) corresponding to the first driving swing arm (4112) and a second clearance hole (4242) corresponding to the second driving swing arm (4113) are formed between the winding upper cover (422) and the winding main body (421), the first driving swing arm (4112) penetrates through the first clearance hole (4241), the second driving swing arm (4113) penetrates through the second clearance hole (4242), the upper end of the first driving swing arm (4112) extends into the blade accommodating cavity (11), the upper end of the first driving swing arm (4112) is inserted into the upper blade driving hole (312) of the upper movable blade (31), the upper end of the second driving swing arm (4113) extends into the blade accommodating cavity (11), and the upper end of the second driving swing arm (4113) is inserted into the lower blade driving hole (322) of the lower movable blade (32);

the winding main body (421) is provided with a long-strip-shaped and vertically-arranged limiting magnet (44) at the periphery of the movable magnet (412), and the coil winding (43) is provided with a ring-shaped damping magnet (45) which is coaxially arranged with the movable magnet (412).

2. An aperture and shutter according to claim 1, characterized in that: the upper end part of the first driving swing arm (4112) is provided with a first driving shaft part (41121) which protrudes upwards and extends, the first driving shaft part (41121) is embedded in an upper blade driving hole (312) of the upper movable blade (31), and the first driving shaft part (41121) and the first driving swing arm (4112) are of an integral structure;

the upper end part of the second driving swing arm (4113) is provided with a second driving shaft part (41131) which protrudes and extends upwards, the second driving shaft part (41131) is embedded in a lower blade driving hole (322) of the lower movable blade (32), and the second driving shaft part (41131) and the second driving swing arm (4113) are of an integral structure.

3. An aperture and shutter according to claim 2, characterized in that: a first anti-falling hook (41122) which horizontally protrudes outwards is arranged at the upper end part of the first driving shaft part (41121), and a first anti-falling hook (41122) is positioned on the upper end side of the upper movable blade (31);

a second retaining hook (41132) is provided at the upper end of the second drive shaft (41131) and projects horizontally outward, and the second retaining hook (41132) is located on the upper end side of the lower moving blade (32).

4. An aperture and shutter according to claim 1, characterized in that: the winding main body (421) is provided with a magnet clamping groove corresponding to the limiting magnet (44), and the limiting magnet (44) is embedded in the magnet clamping groove of the winding main body (421).

5. An aperture and shutter according to claim 1, characterized in that: and a circular ring-shaped round iron (46) is sleeved and fastened on the periphery of the winding main body (421).

6. An aperture and shutter according to claim 1, characterized in that: the winding body is provided with a metal PIN needle (47) which protrudes and extends downwards, and the outgoing line of the coil winding (43) is welded with the metal PIN needle (47);

the diaphragm and shutter further comprises a circuit board (48), the metal PIN needle (47) is welded with the circuit board (48), and the metal PIN needle (47) is electrically connected with an internal circuit of the circuit board (48).

7. An aperture and shutter according to claim 1, characterized in that: the winding upper cover (422) is provided with an upper cover positioning hole (4222) with a downward opening corresponding to the rotating shaft (413), the winding main body (421) is provided with a main body positioning hole (4213) corresponding to the rotating shaft (413) at the bottom of the magnet accommodating cavity (423), the upper end part of the rotating shaft (413) is embedded in the upper cover positioning hole (4222), and the lower end part of the rotating shaft (413) is embedded in the main body positioning hole (4213); the rocking handle through-hole that runs through completely about the core of rocking handle installation department (4111) is seted up, and in the rocking handle through-hole of rocking handle installation department (4111) was inlayed and inserted in to revolving shaft (413), and revolving shaft (413) and rocking handle through-hole interference fit.

8. An aperture and shutter according to claim 1, characterized in that: the fixed base (1) is provided with a blade guide post (14) protruding upwards on the bottom surface of the blade accommodating cavity (11), an upper blade guide groove (313) which completely penetrates up and down and linearly extends along the left-right direction is formed in the edge portion of the upper movable blade (31), a lower blade guide groove (323) which completely penetrates up and down and linearly extends along the left-right direction is formed in the edge portion of the lower movable blade (32), and the blade guide post (14) is sequentially inserted into the lower blade guide groove (323) and the upper blade guide groove (313) from bottom to top.

9. An aperture and shutter according to claim 1, characterized in that: the fixed base (1) is provided with a lower blade sliding rail (152) and an upper blade sliding rail (151) on the bottom surface of the blade accommodating cavity (11), the lower surface of the lower movable blade (32) is in contact with the lower blade sliding rail (152), and the lower surface of the upper movable blade (31) is in contact with the upper blade sliding rail (151).

10. An aperture and shutter according to claim 1, characterized in that: the fixed base (1) is buckled with the fixed cover plate (2).