CN112556936A - Hydraulic sealing comprehensive experiment table and experiment method - Google Patents

Hydraulic sealing comprehensive experiment table and experiment method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112556936A
CN112556936A CN202011577699.XA CN202011577699A CN112556936A CN 112556936 A CN112556936 A CN 112556936A CN 202011577699 A CN202011577699 A CN 202011577699A CN 112556936 A CN112556936 A CN 112556936A
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oil
oil cylinder
sealing
pressure
valve
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CN112556936B (en
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范天锦
孙兆勇
王家祥
陈社会
闫跃山
于萍
范文毅
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Xuzhou Jinding Hengli Hydraulic Parts Co ltd
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Xuzhou Jinding Hengli Hydraulic Parts Co ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01MTESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M3/00Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
    • G01M3/02Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01MTESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M13/00Testing of machine parts
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P80/00Climate change mitigation technologies for sector-wide applications
    • Y02P80/10Efficient use of energy, e.g. using compressed air or pressurized fluid as energy carrier

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Abstract

The invention discloses a hydraulic sealing comprehensive experiment table and an experiment method, which comprise a sealing experiment oil cylinder, a rotary sealing experiment box, a telescopic dragging oil cylinder, a dragging driving hydraulic power loop, a loading hydraulic power loop and a high-temperature experiment heating oil supply device, wherein the loading hydraulic power loop is connected with the sealing experiment oil cylinder through a hydraulic pipeline, and the oil circuit of a tested sealing element is controlled by the on-off of a stop valve; the reciprocating motion of a telescopic dragging oil cylinder is controlled by a stop valve or the rotary motion of a rotary motor driving a sealing experiment box is controlled; the high-temperature experiment heating oil supply device is connected with the sealing experiment oil cylinder and the rotary sealing experiment box through a hydraulic pipeline, and the supply of on-off heating oil is controlled through a stop valve; the device can simulate various actual working conditions to detect the sealing performance, the tribological performance and the manufacturing quality of the sealing element, can simultaneously meet the test of high temperature, high speed, high pressure, impact and other items and the dynamic performance change curve with continuously adjustable pressure, and has strong comprehensive experimental capability and excellent energy-saving effect.

Description

Hydraulic sealing comprehensive experiment table and experiment method
Technical Field
The invention relates to an experiment table for comprehensive performance, in particular to an energy-saving hydraulic sealing comprehensive experiment table and an experiment method suitable for detecting a hydraulic sealing element and a hydraulic sealing system.
Background
The sealing element and the sealing system formed by the sealing element are important elements for preventing leakage in a hydraulic system, the sealing performance and the abrasion resistance of the sealing element have important influence on the performance, the reliability and the service life of the whole hydraulic system, at present, although the sealing element has been greatly developed, new and old sealing elements of various types, specifications and varieties and combinations thereof lack effective technical means and methods for experimental detection of different application conditions. Usually, chemical tests are performed in a raw material stage, physical tests employ a friction wear testing machine, a hardness tester, a tensile testing machine and the like, samples are synchronously made in sealed test-made products or batches of products to detect physical performance indexes, the dimensional accuracy of the products or the samples can be measured by a measuring ruler or a projector and the like, and after actual products leave a factory, most users of sealing elements perform performance tests according to the products, such as hydraulic cylinders, of the sealing elements according to the test standards of the oil cylinders, or the sealing performance check data are obtained through the actual work check of a host machine. For enterprises between developers and manufacturers of sealing elements and enterprises for research and development and production of hydraulic cylinders or host factories, although more and more attention is paid to the examination experiment for simulating working conditions of hydraulic seals and system configuration formed by the hydraulic seals, effective and reasonable energy-saving test means and methods are still lacked at present. The tests usually need to simulate the actual conditions as much as possible, and need to compare various combinations, including different structures, different sizes of seals made of different materials, the same seal of different manufacturers, and the research tests and comparison tests of different conditions for sealing system combinations, long-time reliability life tests need to consume a large amount of electric energy, high-temperature tests also cause damage to the experimental device system, and in addition, sometimes, strengthening tests are needed to accelerate the test process, and the like, and the existing experimental equipment is difficult to complete, so that a comprehensive experimental bench and a method capable of completing the functions are urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem is as follows: the invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provides a hydraulic sealing comprehensive experiment table which is compact in structure, convenient to use, energy-saving and capable of meeting requirements of high temperature, high speed, high pressure and impact and a method thereof.
The technical scheme is as follows: the invention relates to a hydraulic sealing comprehensive experiment table which comprises a sealing experiment oil cylinder, a rotary sealing experiment box, a telescopic dragging oil cylinder, a dragging driving hydraulic power loop, a loading hydraulic power loop and a high-temperature experiment heating oil supply device, wherein the loading hydraulic power loop is connected with the sealing experiment oil cylinder through a hydraulic pipeline, and the oil way of a tested sealing element is controlled by the on-off of a stop valve; the sealing experiment oil cylinder is connected with the telescopic dragging oil cylinder, the loading hydraulic power loop is connected with an oil way of the telescopic dragging oil cylinder through a hydraulic pipeline, and the reciprocating motion of the telescopic dragging oil cylinder is controlled through a stop valve or the rotary motion of a rotary motor driving the sealing experiment box is controlled; the high-temperature experiment heating oil supply device is connected with the sealing experiment oil cylinder and the rotary sealing experiment box through a hydraulic pipeline, and the supply of on-off heating oil is controlled through a stop valve;
the sealing experiment oil cylinder comprises an oil cylinder barrel, a double-piston rod, a guide sleeve provided with a sealing and sealing assembly for a tested shaft and a piston provided with a sealing and sealing assembly for a tested hole; the piston is sleeved on the double-piston rod and positioned in the oil cylinder barrel, the double-piston rod on the two sides of the piston is sleeved with a left guide sleeve and a right guide sleeve which are positioned at the two ends of the oil cylinder barrel, a left oil cavity A is formed between the left guide sleeve and the piston, and a right oil cavity B is formed between the right guide sleeve and the piston; the middle part of the piston is provided with a piston radial through hole a, and the two guide sleeves are radially provided with a left guide sleeve radial oil hole C1 and a right guide sleeve radial oil hole C2 which are communicated with a radial oil inlet hole of the oil cylinder barrel; a joint connected with a piston rod of the telescopic dragging oil cylinder is arranged on one side of the double-outlet piston rod extending out of the oil cylinder barrel, a load sensor is arranged on the joint, a piston rod axial oil hole b communicated with a piston radial through hole a is arranged on the other side of the double-outlet piston rod extending out of the oil cylinder barrel, and a hose connected with a loading hydraulic power loop is arranged at the piston rod axial oil hole b;
the rotary sealing experiment box comprises a rotary dragging motor, an oil cylinder body, a rotating shaft and a left rotary support and a right rotary support which are provided with tested rotary sealing elements, wherein the rotary dragging motor is connected with the rotating shaft through a coupling rotating speed torquemeter;
the telescopic dragging oil cylinder comprises a cylinder body, a telescopic piston arranged in the cylinder body and a piston rod connected with the telescopic piston, and the exposed end of the piston rod is connected with a joint of the double-piston rod;
the hydraulic power circuit of the dragging driving comprises a low-pressure pump driving motor and a duplex pump connected with the low-pressure pump driving motor, wherein double-outlet pipelines of the duplex pump communicated with an oil tank are respectively converged after passing through a one-way valve and then connected with an electro-hydraulic reversing valve, the double-outlet pipelines are both connected with an electric proportion overflow valve which forms an electric proportion unloading overflow valve with a two-position two-way electromagnetic valve, an oil filter with a blockage alarm is arranged on a loop of an oil return passage of the electro-hydraulic reversing valve connected with the oil tank, and a pressure oil outlet pipeline of the electro-hydraulic reversing valve is controlled by a stop valve JF7-JF10 and is respectively connected with a telescopic dragging oil cylinder and; the duplex pump comprises a fixed displacement pump and a variable displacement pump so as to realize the volume speed regulation in a larger range;
the loading hydraulic power loop comprises a high-pressure pump driving motor, a high-pressure small-flow pump, an electromagnetic directional valve, an electric proportional overflow valve and a two-way electromagnetic valve; the high-pressure pump driving motor is connected with the high-pressure small-flow pump to control the start and stop of the high-pressure small-flow pump, an outlet pipe of the high-pressure small-flow pump, the oil suction port of which is connected with the oil tank, is connected with the electromagnetic directional valve, and a pressure outlet pipeline of the electromagnetic directional valve is controlled by the stop valves JF1-JF6 to be respectively connected with each pressurizing inlet and outlet of the sealed experimental oil cylinder and the rotary sealed experimental box;
the high-temperature experiment heating oil supply device comprises a heating oil tank, a heater arranged in the heating oil tank, a temperature controller and a filter, wherein the heating oil tank is provided with an inlet and an outlet and stop valves JF12-JF13 for controlling the inlet and the outlet to feed oil and supply hot oil.
And position sensors LK1-LK2 are respectively arranged on the fixed frame of the sealing experiment oil cylinder.
The electro-hydraulic reversing valve is a middle position y type three-position four-way electro-hydraulic reversing valve, and a pressure sensor and a pointer pressure gauge are respectively arranged on pipelines of the middle position y type three-position four-way electro-hydraulic reversing valve, which are connected with the telescopic dragging oil cylinder and the rotary sealing experiment box.
The two-way electromagnetic valve is a one-way locking two-way electromagnetic valve with a one-way valve.
The electric proportional overflow valves and the two-position two-way electromagnetic valves are respectively arranged in groups, and inlets of the two electric proportional overflow valves are respectively connected with two outlet pipelines of the duplex pump and are respectively controlled by the on-off state of the two-position two-way electromagnetic valves to work or unload.
And a bidirectional hydraulic lock is arranged on an oil outlet and return path of the electromagnetic directional valve.
And an energy accumulator controlled by a stop valve JF14 is arranged on an oil supply pipeline of the electromagnetic directional valve connected with the sealed experimental oil cylinder.
The electromagnetic directional valve is a middle H-shaped three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve, and a pressure sensor and a pointer pressure gauge are respectively arranged on an oil inlet and return pipeline of the middle H-shaped three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve.
The experimental method using the hydraulic sealing comprehensive experiment table is characterized in that:
when the reciprocating seal is tested, the shaft and hole seals or seal assemblies to be tested are respectively arranged in the seal grooves of the piston and the left and right guide sleeves in the seal test oil cylinder; the test rotary seal is that the rotary seal is arranged in a left rotary support seal groove and a right rotary support seal groove of a rotary seal test box, and a dragging oil way of the test reciprocating seal or the rotary seal is selected through a stop valve switch;
high-pressure hydraulic oil is selectively communicated with a left cavity and a right cavity between a piston and a guide sleeve in a cylinder barrel of the experimental oil cylinder through a stop valve switch and an electromagnetic directional valve, or high-pressure oil is selectively communicated with the piston and the guide sleeve, and a sealing lip is charged with the high-pressure oil for loading relative sealing annular grooves, so that the piston and the guide sleeve are synchronously charged with the high-pressure oil for energy storage, and the oil is supplemented through an energy accumulator when the high-pressure oil supply is cut off to ensure that the high-pressure oil is still in a high-pressure load;
after a loading mode is selected by the stop valve, the high-pressure small-flow pump outputs pressure oil which is directly supplied to three groups of tested seals corresponding to the piston and the left and right guide sleeves through the left position of the electromagnetic valve of the middle H-shaped three-position four-way valve to a set value; when the electromagnetic valve is in the right position, the pressure oil way is communicated, and the left cavity and the right cavity of the test oil cylinder are communicated with each other;
the dragging oil cylinder 1 works to drive the double piston rods to reciprocate, the dragging force of the dragging oil cylinder only overcomes the sum of the frictional resistance of the sealing experiment oil cylinder and the dragging oil cylinder, and the force is measured by a pointer pressure gauge or a load sensor, so that the change numerical value and curve of the frictional resistance under the conditions of lowest starting pressure and different oil pressure loading are measured;
the two-way electromagnetic valve and the electric proportional overflow valve which are arranged on the oil return path of the middle H-shaped three-position four-way electromagnetic valve of the loading hydraulic power loop can realize the sealed high-low pressure quick switching reinforced impact test;
when a high-temperature test is required to be carried out on a tested sealing element, a heating oil tank connected in parallel to a loading hydraulic power loop is communicated through a stop valve JF12-JF113, the volume of the oil cylinder is small, test oil with set high temperature is only provided for the left cavity and the right cavity of the oil cylinder for the seal test, the oil cylinder and the two cavities are normally communicated with each other and have low pressure, at the moment, a scheme of directly pressurizing oil in the middle of relative seal of a piston and a guide sleeve is adopted, the dragging mode is the same as that of a non-high-temperature test, and the high-temperature oil is concentrated to;
when the rotary seal is tested, the tested rotary seal is arranged in a sealing groove of a left rotary support and a right rotary support of a rotary seal test box, a load stop valve JF7-JF8 communicated with a telescopic dragging oil cylinder is closed, stop valves JF9-JF10 communicated with a rotary driving motor pipeline are opened through the selection of a stop valve switch, the tested rotary seal is tested by connecting through a middle-position y-shaped three-position four-way electro-hydraulic reversing valve, a rotary shaft of the rotary seal test box rotates, and data acquisition is carried out through a coupling rotating speed torquemeter.
The effective oil pressure acting area ratio of the dragging oil cylinder 1 to the experimental oil cylinder is as follows: 1: 2-1: and 4, realizing high-speed dragging by using the same flow.
Has the advantages that: by adopting the technical scheme, the invention can carry out various sealing and sealing system combination tests for the reciprocating oil cylinder and the rotary equipment, can simulate various actual working conditions to detect the sealing performance, the tribology performance and the manufacturing quality of the sealing element, can simultaneously carry out the tests on a plurality of identical or different tested pieces by the test bench, has adjustable test speed and pressure, particularly can carry out high-temperature tests, high-speed tests and pressure impact tests of elements, strengthening tests after various factors are superposed and the like, has excellent energy-saving effect, and provides reliable test means for detecting the comprehensive performance of hydraulic sealing elements and systems. The loading pressure power loop is connected with a loading oil tank in parallel, the volume of the oil tank is small, test oil with set high temperature is only provided for two cavities of the cylinder body of the sealed test oil cylinder, the oil tank and the two cavities are normally communicated with each other at low pressure, at the moment, the piston and the guide sleeve are directly pressurized in the middle of relative sealing, the dragging mode is the same as that of a non-high temperature test, the high-temperature oil is concentrated to the minimum range, and no pressure exists. The high and low temperature are isolated as power system elements to the maximum extent, and the power system elements except the sealed experimental oil cylinder are not subjected to high temperature, so that the reliability and the safety of the experimental system are ensured. Various experiments of simulating the actual working conditions to the maximum extent can be carried out on various piston hole seals, piston rod shaft seals, rotating shaft seals, sealing system combinations and the like. The test method is used for testing the manufacturing quality of the sealing element by detecting the performances of sealing pressure resistance, leakage resistance and the like, friction performance and performance research of a sealing combined structure, particularly can meet the test requirements of items such as high temperature, high speed, high pressure, impact and the like and the dynamic performance change curve of continuously adjustable pressure and the like, and has strong comprehensive experimental capability and excellent energy-saving effect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system architecture of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-telescopic dragging oil cylinder, 2-rotary driving motor, 3-rotary shaft coupling rotating speed torquemeter, 4-rotary sealing experiment box, 5-rotary support, 6-sealing experiment oil cylinder, 7-guide sleeve, 8-tested shaft sealing component, 9-piston, 10-tested hole sealing and component, 11-double piston rod, 12-heating oil tank, 13-position sensor (LK1, LK2), 14-hose, 15-energy accumulator, 16-stop valve (JF1-JF13), 17-pointer pressure gauge (P1-4), 18-pressure sensor (PZ1-4), 19-electric proportional overflow valve, 20-two-way electromagnetic valve, 21-oil return filter, 22-oil tank, 23-high pressure pump driving motor, 24-a high-pressure small-flow pump, 25-an electromagnetic reversing valve, 26-an electric proportional overflow valve, 27-a one-way valve, 28-an oil filter with a blockage alarm, 29-an electric hydraulic reversing valve, 30-a driving motor, 31-a duplex pump, 32-a two-position two-way electromagnetic valve, 33-a load sensor and 34-a bidirectional hydraulic lock. A-a left oil chamber, B-a right oil chamber, a-a piston radial through hole, B-a piston rod axial oil hole, C1-a left guide sleeve radial oil hole and C2-a right guide sleeve radial oil hole.
Detailed Description
An embodiment of the invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
the invention relates to a hydraulic sealing comprehensive experiment table which mainly comprises a sealing experiment oil cylinder 6, a rotary sealing experiment box 4, a telescopic dragging oil cylinder 1, a dragging driving hydraulic power loop, a loading hydraulic power loop and a high-temperature experiment heating oil supply device, wherein the loading hydraulic power loop is connected with the sealing experiment oil cylinder 6 through a hydraulic pipeline, and the oil circuit of a tested sealing element is controlled by the on-off of a stop valve; the sealing experiment oil cylinder 6 is connected with the telescopic dragging oil cylinder 1, the loading hydraulic power loop is connected with an oil way of the telescopic dragging oil cylinder 1 through a hydraulic pipeline, and the reciprocating motion of the telescopic dragging oil cylinder 1 is controlled through a stop valve or the rotary motion of the rotary motor 2 driving the sealing experiment box 4 is controlled; the high-temperature experiment heating oil supply device is connected with the sealing experiment oil cylinder 6 and the rotary sealing experiment box 4 through hydraulic pipelines, and the supply of on-off heating oil is controlled through a stop valve;
the sealing experiment oil cylinder 6 comprises an oil cylinder barrel, a double-outlet piston rod 11, a guide sleeve 7 provided with a sealing and sealing assembly for a tested shaft and a piston 9 provided with a sealing and sealing assembly for a tested hole; the piston 9 is sleeved on the double-piston rod 11 and is positioned in the oil cylinder barrel, the double-piston rod 11 at two sides of the piston 9 is sleeved with the left guide sleeve 7 and the right guide sleeve 7 which are positioned at two end parts of the oil cylinder barrel, and the guide sleeves 7 are internally provided with two shaft sealing grooves and guide inner and outer annular grooves for mounting the tested shaft sealing and sealing assembly. A sealing groove for installing a sealing element or a sealing assembly for a tested hole is formed in the piston 9, the double piston rods 11 with the same diameter are fixedly connected with the piston 9 through threads, a left oil cavity A is formed between the left guide sleeve 7 and the piston 9, and a right oil cavity B is formed between the right guide sleeve 7 and the piston 9; a piston radial through hole a is formed in the middle of the piston 9, and a left guide sleeve radial oil hole C1 and a right guide sleeve radial oil hole C2 which are communicated with a radial oil inlet hole of the oil cylinder barrel are radially formed in the two guide sleeves 7; one side of the double-piston rod 11 extending out of the oil cylinder barrel is provided with a joint connected with a piston rod of the telescopic dragging oil cylinder 1, the joint is provided with a load sensor 33, and the guide sleeve 7 is structurally connected with the cylinder barrel body and can be fixed by internal and external threads of the cylinder barrel or an end face flange. A piston rod axial oil hole b communicated with the piston radial through hole a is formed in the other side, extending out of the oil cylinder barrel, of the double-outlet piston rod 11, and a hose 14 connected with a loading hydraulic power loop is arranged at the piston rod axial oil hole b; and position sensors 13(LK1-LK2) are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the fixing frame of the sealing experiment oil cylinder 6.
The rotary sealing experiment box 4 comprises a rotary dragging motor 2, an oil cylinder body, a rotary shaft, a left rotary support 5 and a right rotary support 5 which are provided with tested rotary sealing elements, wherein the rotary dragging motor 2 is connected with the rotary shaft through a coupling rotating speed torquer 3, the rotary shaft is arranged on the left rotary support 5 and the right rotary support 5, the two rotary supports 5 are arranged at two ends of the oil cylinder body, and an oil inlet and an oil outlet which are controlled by a stop valve are arranged on the oil cylinder body;
the telescopic dragging oil cylinder 1 comprises a cylinder body, a telescopic piston arranged in the cylinder body and a piston rod connected with the telescopic piston, and the exposed end of the piston rod is connected with a joint of the double-piston rod 11;
the dragging driving hydraulic power loop comprises a low-pressure pump driving motor 30 and a duplex pump 31 connected with the low-pressure pump driving motor 30, double outlet pipelines of the duplex pump 31 communicated with the oil tank 22 are respectively converged after passing through a one-way valve and then connected with an electro-hydraulic reversing valve 29, the double outlet pipelines are both connected with an electric proportional relief valve 26 and form an electric proportional unloading relief valve with a two-position two-way electromagnetic valve 32, an oil filter 28 with a blocking alarm is arranged on a loop of an oil return passage of the electro-hydraulic reversing valve 29 connected with the oil tank 22, and a pressure oil outlet pipeline of the electro-hydraulic reversing valve 29 is respectively connected with the telescopic dragging oil cylinder 1 and the rotary sealing experiment box 4 under the control of a stop valve 16(JF7-JF 10); the duplex pump 31 comprises a fixed displacement pump and a variable displacement pump so as to realize the volume speed regulation in a large range; the electro-hydraulic reversing valve 29 is a middle position y type three-position four-way electro-hydraulic reversing valve, and a pressure sensor 18(PZ1-4) and a pointer pressure gauge 17(P1-4) are respectively arranged on a pipeline of the middle position y type three-position four-way electro-hydraulic reversing valve, which is connected with the telescopic dragging oil cylinder 1 and the rotary sealing experiment box 4. The two electric proportional overflow valves 26 and the two-position two-way electromagnetic valve 32 are respectively arranged in groups, inlets of the two electric proportional overflow valves 26 are respectively connected with two outlet pipelines of the duplex pump 31, and the two electric proportional overflow valves are respectively controlled by the on-off state or the unloading state of the two-position two-way electromagnetic valve 32.
The loading hydraulic power circuit comprises a high-pressure pump driving motor 23, a high-pressure small-flow pump 24, an electromagnetic directional valve 25, an electric proportional overflow valve 19 and a two-way electromagnetic valve 20; the high-pressure pump driving motor 23 is connected with the high-pressure small-flow pump 24 to control the start and stop of the high-pressure small-flow pump 24, an outlet pipe of the high-pressure small-flow pump 24, the oil suction port of which is connected with the oil tank 22, is connected with the electromagnetic directional valve 25, and a pressure outlet pipeline of the electromagnetic directional valve 25 is controlled by the stop valve 16(JF1-JF6) to be respectively connected with each pressurizing inlet and outlet of the sealing experiment oil cylinder 6 and the rotary sealing experiment box 4; the two-way solenoid valve 20 is a one-way locking two-way solenoid valve with a one-way valve 27. And a bidirectional hydraulic lock 34 is arranged on an oil outlet and return path of the electromagnetic directional valve 25. And an energy accumulator 15 controlled by a stop valve JF14 is arranged on an oil supply pipeline of the electromagnetic directional valve 25 connected with the sealed experimental oil cylinder 6. The electromagnetic directional valve 25 is a middle H-shaped three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve, and a pressure sensor and a pointer pressure gauge are respectively arranged on an oil inlet and return pipeline of the middle H-shaped three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve.
The high-temperature experiment heating oil supply device comprises a heating oil tank 12, a heater arranged in the heating oil tank 12, a temperature controller and a filter, wherein an inlet and an outlet and a stop valve JF12-JF13 for controlling the inlet and the outlet to feed oil and supplying hot oil are arranged on the heating oil tank 12.
The invention relates to a hydraulic seal comprehensive experiment method, which adopts an experiment oil cylinder 6, a rotary seal experiment box 4, a telescopic dragging oil cylinder 1, a rotary driving motor 2, a dragging driving hydraulic power loop, a loading hydraulic power loop, a high-temperature experiment heating oil tank, collects information through a pointer pressure gauge 17(P1-4), a thermometer, a pressure sensor 18(PZ1-4) coupling rotating speed torquer and a load sensor 33 which are arranged on a connecting pipeline, and then processes data through a computer;
when the reciprocating seal is tested, the shaft and hole seals or sealing components are respectively arranged in the sealing grooves of the piston 9 and the left and right guide sleeves 7 in the sealing test oil cylinder 6; the rotary seal is arranged in a left rotary support sealing groove and a right rotary support sealing groove of the rotary seal experimental box 4 during the test of the rotary seal, and a dragging oil way for testing the reciprocating seal or the rotary seal is selected through a stop valve switch;
high-pressure hydraulic oil is selectively communicated with a left cavity and a right cavity between a piston and a guide sleeve in a cylinder barrel of the experimental oil cylinder through a stop valve switch and an electromagnetic directional valve 25, or high-pressure oil is selectively communicated with the piston and the guide sleeve, and a sealing lip is charged with high-pressure oil and loaded relative to an annular groove between seals, at the moment, the piston and the guide sleeve are synchronously charged with oil for energy storage, so that oil is supplemented through an energy accumulator when high-pressure oil supply is cut off to ensure that the high-pressure oil is still in a high-pressure load state;
after the loading mode is selected by the stop valve, the high-pressure small-flow pump 24 outputs pressure oil which is directly applied to three groups of tested seals corresponding to the piston and the left and right guide sleeves to a set value through a middle H-shaped three-position four-way electromagnetic valve 25 at the left position; when the electromagnetic valve 25 is in the right position, the pressure oil path is communicated, and the left cavity and the right cavity of the test oil cylinder are communicated with each other;
the dragging oil cylinder 1 works to drive the double piston rods 11 to reciprocate, the dragging force of the dragging oil cylinder 1 only overcomes the sum of the frictional resistance of the sealing experiment oil cylinder 6 and the dragging oil cylinder, and the force is measured by a pointer pressure gauge 17 or a load sensor 33, so that the change numerical value and curve of the frictional resistance under the conditions of lowest starting pressure and different oil pressure loading are measured; drag hydro-cylinder 1 because what overcome only is frictional force, consequently the cylinder body size is less than the diameter of sealed experiment hydro-cylinder 6, drags effective oil pressure area ratio of hydro-cylinder 1 and experiment hydro-cylinder 6 to be: 1: 2-1: 4, high-speed dragging is realized through the same flow.
The two-way electromagnetic valve 20 and the electric proportional overflow valve 19 which are arranged on the oil return path of the middle H-shaped three-position four-way electromagnetic valve 25 loading the hydraulic power loop can realize the sealed high-low pressure rapid switching reinforced impact test;
when a high-temperature test is required to be carried out on a tested sealing element, a heating oil tank connected in parallel to a loading hydraulic power loop is communicated through a stop valve JF12-JF113, the volume of the oil cylinder is small, test oil with set high temperature is only provided for the left cavity and the right cavity of a sealing test oil cylinder 6, the oil cylinder and the two cavities are normally communicated with each other and have low pressure, at the moment, a scheme of directly pressurizing oil in the middle of relative sealing of a piston 9 and a guide sleeve 7 is adopted, the dragging mode is the same as that of a non-high-temperature test, the high-temperature oil is concentrated to the minimum;
when the rotary seal is tested, the tested rotary seal is arranged in a sealing groove of a left rotary support 5 and a right rotary support 5 of a rotary seal experiment box 4, a load stop valve JF7-JF8 communicated with a telescopic dragging oil cylinder 1 is closed, stop valves JF9-JF10 communicated with a pipeline of a rotary driving motor 2 are opened through the selection of a stop valve switch, the tested rotary seal is tested by connecting through a middle-position y-shaped three-position four-way electro-hydraulic reversing valve 29, a rotary shaft of the rotary seal experiment box 4 rotates, and data acquisition is carried out through a coupling rotating speed torquer 3.
Loading of the experimental reciprocating seal:
a loading mode is as follows: respectively installing the tested shaft and hole sealing or sealing components in the sealing grooves of the piston 9 and the left and right guide sleeves 7 in the sealing experiment oil cylinder 6, wherein the hole and shaft sealing and sealing components are arranged in pairs; if the lip seal is adopted, the lips are opposite or inward, the holes are communicated with a loading hydraulic power loop through a piston radial through hole a and a double-piston rod 11 axial oil hole b communicated with the piston radial through hole a in paired arrangement, and pressure oil directly enters the holes to be used for sealing the lips to carry out pressure loading; the shafts are communicated with a loading hydraulic power loop through a left guide sleeve radial oil hole C1, a right guide sleeve radial oil hole C2 and guide inner and outer annular grooves between the seals arranged in pairs for loading pressure oil.
The other loading mode is as follows: and if the lip seal is adopted, the position of the seal lip faces to the left oil cavity A and the right oil cavity B loaded with high-pressure oil. The loading hydraulic power loop provides 0-40MPa of oil pressure for tested sealing of a shaft and a hole; because the oil inlet and return paths of the electromagnetic valve 25 of the middle H-shaped three-position four-way valve of the loading hydraulic power circuit are communicated at the middle position, the two-way electromagnetic valve 20 and the electric proportional overflow valve 19 arranged on the oil return path can realize the sealed high-low pressure quick switching reinforced impact test.
Both loading modes are realized by adjusting different cut-off valve switches and switching the electromagnetic valve 25,
the first method is as follows: opening the stop valves JF1, JF2 and JF3, starting the electromagnetic directional valve 25 in the loading pressure loop to be in a pressure relief state, electrifying the left electromagnet of the electromagnetic directional valve 25 with the middle H-shaped three-position four-way, and connecting the piston radial through hole a, the piston rod axial oil hole b, the left guide sleeve radial oil hole C1, the right guide sleeve radial oil hole D2 and the energy accumulator 15 with a pressure oil path for pressurization;
the second method comprises the following steps: the stop valves JF1, JF2 and JF3 are closed, the stop valves JF4 and JF5 and the electromagnetic reversing valve 25 are opened, and pressure oil directly enters a left oil cavity A and a right oil cavity B of the sealed experiment oil cylinder 6 to realize pressure loading; the loading condition is that the sealing lip is towards the direction of the A, B cavity for loading high-pressure oil.
After the mode is selected to be connected and loaded, the dragging driving hydraulic power loop of the telescopic dragging oil cylinder 1 is started, the load stop valve JF7-JF8 communicated with the telescopic dragging oil cylinder 1 is opened, the low-pressure pump driving motor 30 drives the duplex pump 31, the duplex pump 31 has a fixed quantity, and one variable can realize the volume speed regulation in a large range. The hydraulic oil inlet and return path is connected with a rod cavity and a rodless cavity of the telescopic rod dragging oil cylinder through a middle position y-shaped three-position four-way electro-hydraulic reversing valve 29, so that a piston rod of the telescopic dragging oil cylinder 1 drags the double-outlet piston rod 11 to reciprocate.
The tested rotary seal is arranged in a sealing groove of a left rotary support 5 and a right rotary support 5 of a rotary seal experiment box 4, a load stop valve JF7-JF8 communicated with a telescopic dragging oil cylinder 1 is closed, stop valves JF9-JF10 communicated with a pipeline of a rotary driving motor 2 are opened through the selection of a stop valve switch, the test rotary seal is tested by connecting through a middle-position y-shaped three-position four-way electro-hydraulic reversing valve 29, a rotary shaft of the rotary oil path seal experiment box rotates, and data acquisition is carried out by a coupling rotary speed torquer.
Completing the loading of the shaft and hole sealing experiments according to the selected connection work, starting a dragging driving hydraulic power loop, and carrying out speed regulation through a quantitative and variable duplex pump 31, wherein the lowest stable speed can unload the right quantitative pump through an electric proportional overflow valve 26, and the variable pump is obtained by adjusting from small to large; the maximum speed is determined by the maximum flow of the double pumps and the effective oil pressure of the dragging oil cylinder 1; the reciprocating reversing is realized by switching position sensors 13(LK1, LK2), and the dynamic friction resistance is counted, and the dynamic friction resistance is acquired by pressure values P3 and P4 of a pressure gauge 17 and pressure values PZ3 and PZ4 of a sensor 18 through computer acquisition processing, or acquired by connecting a load sensor 33 with a computer acquisition processing system.
The medium-load mode has the best energy-saving effect, the flow pump can return to the medium unloading state or stop the pump after being filled with the ballast system due to no volume loss of hydraulic energy and low high pressure, at the moment, the system seals a high-pressure oil inlet and outlet loop at a bidirectional hydraulic lock 34, pressure oil stored in the accumulator can supplement small leakage amount, and a pressure resistance test can be carried out until the loading pressure drop value exceeds the lower limit of a specified value, oil supply is restarted, and the accumulator is pressurized.
The pressure loading of the high-temperature test adopts a loading mode of relatively sealing the guide sleeves through the piston and adding oil pressure in the middle, JF12, JF15 and JF14 in the stop valve 16 are opened, A, B cavities of the sealed test oil cylinder 6 are filled with oil to oil with set test temperature, after the sealing is loaded according to the mode, the dragging test is carried out according to the dragging mode, at the moment, the A, B cavities are communicated with the heating oil tank, the oil consumption is less because the hot oil is only circulated in the range of the oil cylinder cavities, the heating temperature control is easy to realize, the supply amount of the pressure oil for the sealing loading is less by a normal temperature system, the test is ensured to be isolated from a hydraulic device of the whole system, the energy is saved, and the safety is realized.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a hydraulic seal synthesizes laboratory bench which characterized in that: the device comprises a sealing experiment oil cylinder, a rotary sealing experiment box, a telescopic dragging oil cylinder, a dragging driving hydraulic power loop, a loading hydraulic power loop and a high-temperature experiment heating oil supply device, wherein the loading hydraulic power loop is connected with the sealing experiment oil cylinder through a hydraulic pipeline, and the oil circuit of a tested sealing element is controlled by the on-off of a stop valve; the sealing experiment oil cylinder is connected with the telescopic dragging oil cylinder, the loading hydraulic power loop is connected with an oil way of the telescopic dragging oil cylinder through a hydraulic pipeline, and the reciprocating motion of the telescopic dragging oil cylinder is controlled through a stop valve or the rotary motion of a rotary motor driving the sealing experiment box is controlled; the high-temperature experiment heating oil supply device is connected with the sealing experiment oil cylinder and the rotary sealing experiment box through a hydraulic pipeline, and the supply of on-off heating oil is controlled through a stop valve;
the sealing experiment oil cylinder comprises an oil cylinder barrel, a double-piston rod, a guide sleeve provided with a sealing and sealing assembly for a tested shaft and a piston provided with a sealing and sealing assembly for a tested hole; the piston is sleeved on the double-piston rod and positioned in the oil cylinder barrel, the double-piston rod on the two sides of the piston is sleeved with a left guide sleeve and a right guide sleeve which are positioned at the two ends of the oil cylinder barrel, a left oil cavity A is formed between the left guide sleeve and the piston, and a right oil cavity B is formed between the right guide sleeve and the piston; the middle part of the piston is provided with a piston radial through hole a, and the two guide sleeves are radially provided with a left guide sleeve radial oil hole C1 and a right guide sleeve radial oil hole C2 which are communicated with a radial oil inlet hole of the oil cylinder barrel; a joint connected with a piston rod of the telescopic dragging oil cylinder is arranged on one side of the double-outlet piston rod extending out of the oil cylinder barrel, a load sensor is arranged on the joint, a piston rod axial oil hole b communicated with a piston radial through hole a is arranged on the other side of the double-outlet piston rod extending out of the oil cylinder barrel, and a hose connected with a loading hydraulic power loop is arranged at the piston rod axial oil hole b;
the rotary sealing experiment box comprises a rotary dragging motor, an oil cylinder body, a rotating shaft and a left rotary support and a right rotary support which are provided with tested rotary sealing elements, wherein the rotary dragging motor is connected with the rotating shaft through a coupling rotating speed torquemeter;
the telescopic dragging oil cylinder comprises a cylinder body, a telescopic piston arranged in the cylinder body and a piston rod connected with the telescopic piston, and the exposed end of the piston rod is connected with a joint of the double-piston rod;
the hydraulic power circuit of the dragging driving comprises a low-pressure pump driving motor and a duplex pump connected with the low-pressure pump driving motor, wherein double-outlet pipelines of the duplex pump communicated with an oil tank are respectively converged after passing through a one-way valve and then connected with an electro-hydraulic reversing valve, the double-outlet pipelines are both connected with an electric proportion overflow valve which forms an electric proportion unloading overflow valve with a two-position two-way electromagnetic valve, an oil filter with a blockage alarm is arranged on a loop of an oil return passage of the electro-hydraulic reversing valve connected with the oil tank, and a pressure oil outlet pipeline of the electro-hydraulic reversing valve is controlled by a stop valve JF7-JF10 and is respectively connected with a telescopic dragging oil cylinder and; the duplex pump comprises a fixed displacement pump and a variable displacement pump so as to realize the volume speed regulation in a larger range;
the loading hydraulic power loop comprises a high-pressure pump driving motor, a high-pressure small-flow pump, an electromagnetic directional valve, an electric proportional overflow valve and a two-way electromagnetic valve; the high-pressure pump driving motor is connected with the high-pressure small-flow pump to control the start and stop of the high-pressure small-flow pump, an outlet pipe of the high-pressure small-flow pump, the oil suction port of which is connected with the oil tank, is connected with the electromagnetic directional valve, and a pressure outlet pipeline of the electromagnetic directional valve is controlled by the stop valves JF1-JF6 to be respectively connected with each pressurizing inlet and outlet of the sealed experimental oil cylinder and the rotary sealed experimental box;
the high-temperature experiment heating oil supply device comprises a heating oil tank, a heater arranged in the heating oil tank, a temperature controller and a filter, wherein the heating oil tank is provided with an inlet and an outlet and stop valves JF12-JF13 for controlling the inlet and the outlet to feed oil and supply hot oil.
2. The hydraulic seal comprehensive experiment table according to claim 1, characterized in that: and position sensors LK1-LK2 are respectively arranged on the fixed frame of the sealing experiment oil cylinder.
3. The hydraulic seal comprehensive experiment table according to claim 1, characterized in that: the electro-hydraulic reversing valve is a middle position y type three-position four-way electro-hydraulic reversing valve, and a pressure sensor and a pointer pressure gauge are respectively arranged on pipelines of the middle position y type three-position four-way electro-hydraulic reversing valve, which are connected with the telescopic dragging oil cylinder and the rotary sealing experiment box.
4. The hydraulic seal comprehensive experiment table according to claim 1, characterized in that: the two-way electromagnetic valve is a one-way locking two-way electromagnetic valve with a one-way valve.
5. The hydraulic seal comprehensive experiment table according to claim 1, characterized in that: the electric proportional overflow valves and the two-position two-way electromagnetic valves are respectively arranged in groups, and inlets of the two electric proportional overflow valves are respectively connected with two outlet pipelines of the duplex pump and are respectively controlled by the on-off state of the two-position two-way electromagnetic valves to work or unload.
6. The hydraulic seal comprehensive experiment table according to claim 1, characterized in that: and a bidirectional hydraulic lock is arranged on an oil outlet and return path of the electromagnetic directional valve.
7. The hydraulic seal comprehensive experiment table according to claim 1, characterized in that: and an energy accumulator controlled by a stop valve JF14 is arranged on an oil supply pipeline of the electromagnetic directional valve connected with the sealed experimental oil cylinder.
8. A hydraulic seal synthesis laboratory bench according to claim 1, 6 or 7, characterized in that: the electromagnetic directional valve is a middle H-shaped three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve, and a pressure sensor and a pointer pressure gauge are respectively arranged on an oil inlet and return pipeline of the middle H-shaped three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve.
9. An experimental method using the hydraulic seal comprehensive experiment table according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that:
when the reciprocating seal is tested, the shaft and hole seals or seal assemblies to be tested are respectively arranged in the seal grooves of the piston and the left and right guide sleeves in the seal test oil cylinder; the test rotary seal is that the rotary seal is arranged in a left rotary support seal groove and a right rotary support seal groove of a rotary seal test box, and a dragging oil way of the test reciprocating seal or the rotary seal is selected through a stop valve switch;
high-pressure hydraulic oil is selectively communicated with a left cavity and a right cavity between a piston and a guide sleeve in a cylinder barrel of the experimental oil cylinder through a stop valve switch and an electromagnetic directional valve, or high-pressure oil is selectively communicated with the piston and the guide sleeve, and a sealing lip is charged with the high-pressure oil for loading relative sealing annular grooves, so that the piston and the guide sleeve are synchronously charged with the high-pressure oil for energy storage, and the oil is supplemented through an energy accumulator when the high-pressure oil supply is cut off to ensure that the high-pressure oil is still in a high-pressure load;
after a loading mode is selected by the stop valve, the high-pressure small-flow pump outputs pressure oil which is directly supplied to three groups of tested seals corresponding to the piston and the left and right guide sleeves through the left position of the electromagnetic valve of the middle H-shaped three-position four-way valve to a set value; when the electromagnetic valve is in the right position, the pressure oil way is communicated, and the left cavity and the right cavity of the test oil cylinder are communicated with each other;
the dragging oil cylinder 1 works to drive the double piston rods to reciprocate, the dragging force of the dragging oil cylinder only overcomes the sum of the frictional resistance of the sealing experiment oil cylinder and the dragging oil cylinder, and the force is measured by a pointer pressure gauge or a load sensor, so that the change numerical value and curve of the frictional resistance under the conditions of lowest starting pressure and different oil pressure loading are measured;
the two-way electromagnetic valve and the electric proportional overflow valve which are arranged on the oil return path of the middle H-shaped three-position four-way electromagnetic valve of the loading hydraulic power loop can realize the sealed high-low pressure quick switching reinforced impact test;
when a high-temperature test is required to be carried out on a tested sealing element, a heating oil tank connected in parallel to a loading hydraulic power loop is communicated through a stop valve JF12-JF113, the volume of the oil cylinder is small, test oil with set high temperature is only provided for the left cavity and the right cavity of the oil cylinder for the seal test, the oil cylinder and the two cavities are normally communicated with each other and have low pressure, at the moment, a scheme of directly pressurizing oil in the middle of relative seal of a piston and a guide sleeve is adopted, the dragging mode is the same as that of a non-high-temperature test, and the high-temperature oil is concentrated to;
when the rotary seal is tested, the tested rotary seal is arranged in a sealing groove of a left rotary support and a right rotary support of a rotary seal test box, a load stop valve JF7-JF8 communicated with a telescopic dragging oil cylinder is closed, stop valves JF9-JF10 communicated with a rotary driving motor pipeline are opened through the selection of a stop valve switch, the tested rotary seal is tested by connecting through a middle-position y-shaped three-position four-way electro-hydraulic reversing valve, a rotary shaft of the rotary seal test box rotates, and data acquisition is carried out through a coupling rotating speed torquemeter.
10. The experimental method according to claim 9, characterized in that: the effective oil pressure acting area ratio of the dragging oil cylinder to the experimental oil cylinder is as follows: 1: 2-1: and 4, realizing high-speed dragging by using the same flow.
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CN113405758A (en) * 2021-06-09 2021-09-17 中国空气动力研究与发展中心设备设计与测试技术研究所 Vertical ejection scaling test device based on high-pressure air construction
CN113431769A (en) * 2021-06-04 2021-09-24 合肥通用机械研究院有限公司 Reciprocating pump quick-wear part life test device
CN113484014A (en) * 2021-06-25 2021-10-08 成都飞机工业(集团)有限责任公司 Examination test system for dynamic sealing performance of sealing ring
CN113740054A (en) * 2021-05-14 2021-12-03 深圳土佬哥密封件有限公司 Testing machine
CN114354165A (en) * 2021-12-30 2022-04-15 广东南曦液压机械有限公司 Hydraulic ultrahigh-pressure oil cylinder test bed and test method
CN114593112A (en) * 2022-02-22 2022-06-07 湖南诺玛液压科技有限公司 Service life reliability testing device of hydraulic lock
CN117703885A (en) * 2024-01-11 2024-03-15 南通盛恒机电制造有限公司 Hydraulic cylinder detection device

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CN114593112A (en) * 2022-02-22 2022-06-07 湖南诺玛液压科技有限公司 Service life reliability testing device of hydraulic lock
CN117703885A (en) * 2024-01-11 2024-03-15 南通盛恒机电制造有限公司 Hydraulic cylinder detection device
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