CN112556330A - Full-automatic temperature and humidity control heat pump dried persimmon drying equipment and drying process - Google Patents
Full-automatic temperature and humidity control heat pump dried persimmon drying equipment and drying process Download PDFInfo
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- CN112556330A CN112556330A CN202011527053.0A CN202011527053A CN112556330A CN 112556330 A CN112556330 A CN 112556330A CN 202011527053 A CN202011527053 A CN 202011527053A CN 112556330 A CN112556330 A CN 112556330A
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- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 246
- 235000011511 Diospyros Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 162
- 244000236655 Diospyros kaki Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 140
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims description 52
- 241000723267 Diospyros Species 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000037303 wrinkles Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000035807 sensation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 23
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000021022 fresh fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002277 temperature effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B9/00—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards
- F26B9/02—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards in buildings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
- A23B7/04—Freezing; Subsequent thawing; Cooling
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23N—MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR TREATING HARVESTED FRUIT, VEGETABLES OR FLOWER BULBS IN BULK, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PEELING VEGETABLES OR FRUIT IN BULK; APPARATUS FOR PREPARING ANIMAL FEEDING- STUFFS
- A23N12/00—Machines for cleaning, blanching, drying or roasting fruits or vegetables, e.g. coffee, cocoa, nuts
- A23N12/08—Machines for cleaning, blanching, drying or roasting fruits or vegetables, e.g. coffee, cocoa, nuts for drying or roasting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23N—MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR TREATING HARVESTED FRUIT, VEGETABLES OR FLOWER BULBS IN BULK, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PEELING VEGETABLES OR FRUIT IN BULK; APPARATUS FOR PREPARING ANIMAL FEEDING- STUFFS
- A23N7/00—Peeling vegetables or fruit
- A23N7/10—Driving mechanisms
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/004—Nozzle assemblies; Air knives; Air distributors; Blow boxes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/06—Controlling, e.g. regulating, parameters of gas supply
- F26B21/10—Temperature; Pressure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
- F26B25/06—Chambers, containers, or receptacles
- F26B25/14—Chambers, containers, receptacles of simple construction
- F26B25/18—Chambers, containers, receptacles of simple construction mainly open, e.g. dish, tray, pan, rack
- F26B25/185—Spacers; Elements for supporting the goods to be dried, i.e. positioned in-between the goods to build a ventilated stack
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/85—Food storage or conservation, e.g. cooling or drying
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of dried persimmon drying equipment, and particularly discloses full-automatic temperature and humidity control heat pump dried persimmon drying equipment and a drying process. Meanwhile, the drying time of the dried persimmon is shortened by the drying mode of the equipment, and the production efficiency of the dried persimmon is further improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of dried persimmon drying equipment, in particular to full-automatic temperature and humidity control heat pump dried persimmon drying equipment and a drying process.
Background
Dried persimmon is the cake-shaped food that obtains through the sunning extrusion of ripe persimmon, and ordinary technology is through artifical sunning stoving, and the problem of this kind of mode lies in, receives the influence of weather great, and the sunning time is longer, leads to the output low, can't adapt to present mass production, is not conform to market demand.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the problem that the yield is insufficient due to the limitation of weather conditions in the conventional manual drying of the dried persimmons, the invention provides full-automatic temperature and humidity control heat pump dried persimmons drying equipment and a drying process.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a technical scheme as follows: a full-automatic temperature and humidity control heat pump dried persimmon drying device and a drying process comprise: the drying device comprises a drying room, a plurality of drying frames, a drying device, a dehumidifying machine and a refrigerating device, wherein the drying frames, the dehumidifying machine and the drying device are arranged in the drying room, the drying frames are used for placing objects to be dried, the drying device is used for outputting drying gas, the dehumidifying machine is used for keeping the dryness of the drying room, and the refrigerating device is used for refrigerating the drying room; the drying device and the dehumidifier are arranged on the side surface of the drying rack, and the dehumidifier is arranged at the bottom of the drying room; the drying rack comprises a plurality of drying platforms which are sequentially arranged in the height direction, the drying platforms are used for placing objects to be dried, and the drying platforms are of hollow structures.
Preferably, still be provided with the drainage plate in the stoving room, the drainage plate be located stoving frame top, drainage plate one end with drying device connects, the other end with the stoving room has the interval in order to form the air exit.
Preferably, a timer is further arranged outside the drying room, and the timer is electrically connected with the drying device and the refrigerating device and used for calculating the starting time of the drying device and the refrigerating device.
Preferably, still be equipped with the display screen outside the stoving room, be equipped with temperature sensor in the stoving room, temperature sensor with the display screen electricity is connected, temperature sensor is used for detecting the real-time temperature in the stoving room, and shows in on the display screen.
Preferably, the drying room further comprises a rotating machine, wherein the rotating machine is arranged on the side face of the drying room and used for peeling the persimmons.
The invention also provides a full-automatic temperature and humidity control heat pump dried persimmon drying process, which adopts any one of the full-automatic temperature and humidity control heat pump dried persimmon drying equipment, and comprises the following steps: step S1: preparing fruits, selecting multiple ripe persimmons, peeling, thoroughly peeling, cutting pedicel, sieving, and respectively packaging into air-dried wood frame square sieves according to the size and maturity of the persimmons; step S2: the persimmon fruit drying method comprises the following steps of firstly baking, placing in a drying room, heating persimmon fruits at normal temperature, keeping the temperature at 45-50 ℃, starting to discharge moisture in the heating process, keeping the environmental humidity for less than 3 hours, then reducing the temperature, controlling the temperature at 38-40 ℃, and baking until the surfaces of the persimmon fruits are dried and skinned for 10-12 hours; step S3: first fruit pinching, discharging from a furnace for cooling, dampening, loosening capsules, turning over fruits, slowly extruding the persimmons, pinching the persimmons to be soft and red, turning over after pinching, then ventilating and placing for 11-13 hours at normal temperature, and saccharifying; step S4: second baking, namely putting the ventilated and placed persimmon into a drying room, controlling the temperature at 38-40 ℃, controlling the humidity of the drying room at 50-55% and baking for 11-13 hours until the surface of the persimmon is dry and smooth and has wrinkles; step S5: kneading the fruits for the second time, discharging from the furnace and cooling, kneading all the hard pulp blocks, kneading to disperse the fruit cores and extruding the kneaded pulp up and down and left and right to make the inner pulp uniformly distributed without granular sensation, primarily shaping, turning the persimmon fruits, and ventilating and drying for 11-13 hours; step S6: and (3) baking for the third time, namely putting the persimmon fruits into a drying room again, controlling the temperature at 38-40 ℃, drying for 12 hours and controlling the humidity at 40-45%. Baking until the persimmon fruit surface is dry and coarse wrinkles appear; step S7: baking for the fourth time, drying for 12 hours, controlling the temperature to be 38-40 ℃ and controlling the humidity to be 30-35%; and step S8: and (4) discharging, cooling, shaping, pressing the persimmon to a cake shape, placing the persimmon into a drying room, and starting a refrigerating device for cooling to form persimmon frost.
Compared with the prior art, the full-automatic temperature and humidity control heat pump dried persimmon drying equipment and the drying process provided by the invention have the following advantages:
1. the drying room is used for placing dried persimmons, the temperature and the humidity in the drying room are automatically controlled through the moisture exhaust machine and the drying device, so that drying environments under different drying requirements are provided, all drying steps in the persimmon cake forming process are completed in the drying room, and the full-automatic temperature control heat pump persimmon cake drying equipment provided by the invention is also used, so that the drying process of the persimmon cakes is completed through drying in the equipment without being influenced by weather and climate in the traditional airing mode, the production efficiency of the persimmon cakes is greatly improved, and the production requirement of mass production in the market is met. Meanwhile, the drying time of the dried persimmon is shortened by the drying mode of the equipment, and the production efficiency of the dried persimmon is further improved.
2. Through setting up the drainage plate for the stoving gas of drying device output passes all stoving framves in proper order with stoving gas high-efficiently under the drainage effect of drainage plate, in order to ensure that the stoving gas of output can fully contact with the persimmon, the heat is fully absorbed by the persimmon, drying efficiency has been improved, energy loss has been reduced, and simultaneously, through drainage plate guide stoving gas, the user of also being convenient for sets up export exhaust gas, it is more smooth and easy to let the air current flow direction, avoid new and old gas mixture's problem to appear, drying efficiency has further been improved.
3. By arranging the timer, the drying time or the refrigerating time can be accurately calculated, the drying quality is improved, the problem of poor drying effect caused by overlong or overlong time is avoided, and the product yield is improved.
4. Through setting up display screen and temperature sensor for the user can look over the real-time temperature in the stoving room in the current stoving step based on the display screen, and then the temperature in control stoving room improves drying quality in predetermineeing temperature range, avoids the error of drying.
5. Through rotary machine, the user can carry out the automatic operation of peeling with the persimmon that is prepared, further improves the automation level of equipment, improves the efficiency of dried persimmon preparation.
6. According to the full-automatic temperature and humidity control heat pump dried persimmon drying process provided by the second embodiment of the invention, the four-time baking and three-time fruit pinching procedures are adopted, so that the dried persimmon manufacturing process is combined with the equipment drying and manual fruit pinching modes, continuous drying work can be performed without being influenced by weather and climate in the drying process, the drying efficiency is improved, meanwhile, the manual three-time fruit pinching process is repeated, the drying efficiency of the dried persimmon is further improved, the dried persimmon is continuously dehydrated and molded, the production efficiency of the dried persimmon is improved, and the requirements of mass production in the market are met.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a fully automatic temperature and humidity control heat pump dried persimmon drying device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a process flow chart of a fully automatic temperature and humidity control heat pump dried persimmon drying method according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1-full-automatic temperature and humidity control heat pump dried persimmon drying equipment, 100-an air outlet,
11-drying room, 111-drainage plate, 12-drying rack, 121-drying platform, 13-drying device, 14-moisture removing machine, 15-refrigerating device, 16-timer, 17-display screen, 18-temperature sensor and 19-rotary machine.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the present invention is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but it should be understood that the scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a first embodiment of the present invention provides a fully automatic temperature and humidity control heat pump dried persimmon drying apparatus 1, including: drying room 11, a plurality of stoving frame 12, drying device 13, wet machine 14 of row and refrigerating plant 15, a plurality of stoving frame 12 wet machine 14 of row reaches drying device 13 is located in the drying room 11, stoving frame 12 is used for placing the thing of waiting to dry, drying device 13 is used for exporting the stoving gas, wet machine 14 of row is used for keeping the degree of dryness in drying room 11, refrigerating plant 15 is used for the stoving room refrigeration.
The drying device 13 and the dehumidifying machine 14 are arranged on the side surface of the drying rack 12, and the dehumidifying machine 14 is arranged at the bottom of the drying room 11.
The drying rack 12 comprises a plurality of drying platforms 121 arranged in sequence in the height direction, the drying platforms 121 are used for placing objects to be dried, and the drying platforms 121 are of hollow structures.
It can be understood that the user places the persimmon on the drying platform 121, and after the persimmon is peeled or pinched and turned by the user, the persimmon is placed on the drying platform 121 again for a corresponding number of baking steps, and during the use process, the baking temperature in different steps is different, and the moisture in the drying process is exhausted based on the moisture exhauster 14, so as to maintain the dryness (or moisture level) in the drying room 11 during the drying process.
It can be understood that the drying room 11 is arranged for placing dried persimmons, the temperature and humidity in the drying room 11 are automatically controlled through the dehumidifying machine 14 and the drying device 13, so as to provide drying environments under different drying requirements, and all drying steps in the persimmon cake forming process are completed in the drying room 11, namely, the full-automatic temperature control heat pump persimmon cake drying equipment 1 provided by the invention enables the drying process of the persimmon cakes to be completed through drying in the equipment without being influenced by weather and climate in the traditional drying mode, so that the production efficiency of the persimmon cakes is greatly improved, and the large-scale production requirements of the market are met. Meanwhile, the drying time of the dried persimmon is shortened by the drying mode of the equipment, and the production efficiency of the dried persimmon is further improved.
Referring to fig. 1, a flow guide plate 111 is further disposed in the drying room 11, the flow guide plate 111 is positioned at the top of the drying rack 12, one end of the flow guide plate 111 is connected to the drying device 13, and the other end of the flow guide plate is spaced from the drying room 11 to form an air outlet 100, so that when the drying device outputs the drying air, the drying air enters from one side of the first drying rack 12, gradually passes through all the drying racks 12, and is discharged from the drying area in the only opening direction, that is, in the direction of the air outlet 100.
It can be understood, through setting up drainage plate 111 for the stoving gas of drying device 13 output passes all stoving framves 12 in proper order with stoving gas high-efficiently under drainage effect of drainage plate 111, in order to ensure that the stoving gas of output can fully contact with the persimmon, the heat is fully absorbed by the persimmon, drying efficiency has been improved, energy resource loss has been reduced, and simultaneously, through drainage plate 111 guide stoving gas, the user of also being convenient for sets up export exhaust gas, let the air current flow direction more smooth and easy, avoid new and old gas mixture's problem to appear, drying efficiency has further been improved.
With reference to fig. 1, a timer 16 is further disposed outside the drying room 11, and the timer 16 is electrically connected to the drying device 13 and the cooling device 15, and is used for calculating the starting time of the drying device 13 and the cooling device 15.
It can be understood that by arranging the timer 16, the drying time or the refrigerating time can be accurately calculated, the drying quality is improved, the problem of poor drying effect caused by overlong or overlong time is avoided, and the product yield is improved.
It can be understood that through setting up display screen 17 and temperature sensor 18 for the user can look over the real-time temperature in stoving room 11 in the current stoving step based on display screen 17, and then the temperature in control stoving room 11 improves drying quality in predetermineeing temperature range, avoids the error of drying.
The full-automatic temperature control heat pump dried persimmon drying equipment 1 further comprises a rotary machine 19, wherein the rotary machine 19 is arranged on the side face of the drying room 11 and used for peeling the dried persimmons.
It can be understood that, through the rotating machine 19, the user can carry out automatic peeling operation on the prepared persimmon, so that the automation level of the equipment is further improved, and the efficiency of making the dried persimmon is improved.
Referring to fig. 2, a second embodiment of the present invention provides a full-automatic temperature and humidity control heat pump dried persimmon drying process, which adopts the full-automatic temperature and humidity control heat pump dried persimmon drying apparatus 1 described in the first embodiment, and specifically includes the following steps:
step S1: preparing fruits, selecting multiple ripe persimmons, peeling, thoroughly peeling, cutting pedicel, sieving, and respectively packaging into air-dried wood frame square sieves according to the size and maturity of the persimmons;
step S2: the persimmon fruit drying method comprises the following steps of firstly baking, placing in a drying room, heating persimmon fruits at normal temperature, keeping the temperature at 45-50 ℃, starting to discharge moisture in the heating process, keeping the environmental humidity for less than 3 hours, then reducing the temperature, controlling the temperature at 38-40 ℃, and baking until the surfaces of the persimmon fruits are dried and skinned for 10-12 hours;
step S3: first fruit pinching, discharging from a furnace for cooling, dampening, loosening capsules, turning over fruits, slowly extruding the persimmons, pinching the persimmons to be soft and red, turning over after pinching, then ventilating and placing for 11-13 hours at normal temperature, and saccharifying;
step S4: second baking, namely putting the ventilated and placed persimmon into a drying room, controlling the temperature at 38-40 ℃, controlling the humidity of the drying room at 50-55% and baking for 11-13 hours until the surface of the persimmon is dry and smooth and has wrinkles;
step S5: kneading the fruits for the second time, discharging from the furnace and cooling, kneading all the hard pulp blocks, kneading to disperse the fruit cores and extruding the kneaded pulp up and down and left and right to make the inner pulp uniformly distributed without granular sensation, primarily shaping, turning the persimmon fruits, and ventilating and drying for 11-13 hours;
step S6: and (3) baking for the third time, namely putting the persimmon fruits into a drying room again, controlling the temperature at 38-40 ℃, drying for 12 hours and controlling the humidity at 40-45%. Baking until the persimmon fruit surface is dry and coarse wrinkles appear;
step S7: baking for the fourth time, drying for 12 hours, controlling the temperature to be 38-40 ℃ and controlling the humidity to be 30-35%; and
step S8: and (4) discharging, cooling, shaping, pressing the persimmon to a cake shape, placing the persimmon into a drying room, and starting a refrigerating device for cooling to form persimmon frost.
It can be understood that in step S1, the selected persimmon should maintain the same or similar maturity, so that the dried persimmon output in the same drying process has the same quality and color, and the quality and efficiency of the mass production of the dried persimmon are ensured.
It will be appreciated that in step S1, peeling is performed by the rotary machine, peeling is required to be thorough, and pedicle is cut.
It is understood that in step S1, the common square drying frame screen has a size of 68 × 3.5 cm, and the weight of the screen is about 20-25 jin per nominal 1-ton, and about 120 screens are prepared in a drying apparatus of 1.5 ton. The interval between the layers of the fresh fruits is about 15-20 cm generally, and the height of 10 layers is about 180 cm.
It is understood that, in step S1, in order to ensure the baking effect, the drying area and the loading weight are determined according to the process of practicing persimmons. For example, in this embodiment, 1.5 tons of persimmons, the drying room size is typically 5.2 m by 2.5 m by 2.6 m, and the minimum configuration of the host is: the heat pump dehydration all-in-one machine with the dehydration amount of 24KG/H, 4 trolleys and 120 sieve trays. The temperature of the drying room in the whole drying process is controlled to be not more than 55 ℃.
It can be understood that, in step S2, the persimmon is preheated, and the preheating stage is to heat the fresh persimmon at normal temperature, in order to accelerate the heating and shorten the baking time, a high-temperature preheating method is usually adopted, the temperature is adjusted to about 45-50 ℃, the high-temperature preheating time generally refers to the amount of the materials, generally within 3 hours, and is not too long. Due to the fact that the temperature is increased and the humidity is too high, appropriate moisture removal is needed, and a moisture removal fan is started. And (3) sampling several fruits after 2 hours, inserting a thermometer into the fruit core, measuring the temperature, cooling when the temperature of the fruit core rises to 38-40 ℃, keeping the temperature at 38-40 ℃, continuously baking for about 10-12 hours, controlling the humidity of a storehouse to be 50-60%, drying until the surface of the persimmon is dry, slightly skinning, and discharging and cooling.
It is understood that in step S3, after taking out the persimmon and cooling, the user remoistens, loosens the bag and turns over the persimmon. The smooth fruit pinching can promote the deastringency and softening of the persimmon, accelerate the dehydration, slowly squeeze the pulp without damaging the skin, make the un-pinched persimmon white and slightly soft persimmon red, turn over after pinching, then place in the air at normal temperature for about 12 hours, saccharify.
Optionally, as an embodiment, in step S3, when the user takes out the persimmon that has been dried for the first time from the drying room and performs a fruit pinching operation, a new batch of fresh persimmons that have been prepared in step S1 may be placed into the drying room for drying, so as to fully utilize the idle drying room, thereby further improving the production efficiency.
It can be understood that, in step S3, after the first fruit pinching or turning, the dehydration amount of the fresh fruits is about 15-20%, and 150-200 kg of water is removed from 1 ton of fresh fruits, i.e. 15-20 kg of water per hour.
It is understood that after the second baking, the persimmon is baked until the surface of the persimmon is dry and wrinkled, and the dehydration is continued in step S4.
It can be understood that in step S5, pinching or turning the fruit for the second time, completely pinching the hard pulp, pinching to disperse the core and squeezing the pinched pulp up and down and left and right to and fro to make the inner pulp uniformly distributed without granular sensation, primarily shaping, turning the persimmon, and ventilating and drying for about 12 hours. In this step, the dehydration amount is generally 10-15%, and 100-150 kg of water is dehydrated per ton of persimmon, i.e. about 10-15 kg per hour.
It is understood that the roasting of the persimmon is continued until coarse wrinkles occur in step S6 to further dehydrate the persimmon.
It can be understood that, in step S8, the baked persimmon fruit in step S7 has high shaping softness, so that the user can press the persimmon fruit into a cake shape conveniently, and a persimmon cake structure is formed preliminarily. At this moment, in putting into stoving room 11 once more with preliminary fashioned dried persimmon, start refrigerating plant 15 and refrigerate to make the difference in temperature to the dried persimmon, and based on the difference in temperature effect, the dried persimmon surface can produce the frost of different degrees, and the difficult and easy degree of formation of frost depends on the difference in temperature size, and the difference in temperature is big more, then goes out the frost easily more. Therefore, the final dried persimmon can be formed after frost formation.
It can be understood that after the dried persimmon forms the persimmon frost, the dried persimmon is packaged and put into a refrigeration house with the temperature of-18 to-20 ℃ for preservation.
It can be understood that, in the fully automatic temperature and humidity control heat pump dried persimmon drying process provided by the second embodiment of the invention, the four-time baking and three-time fruit pinching processes are adopted, so that the dried persimmon manufacturing process combines the equipment drying and the manual fruit pinching modes, continuous drying work can be performed without being affected by weather and climate in the drying process, the drying efficiency is improved, meanwhile, the process of manually repeating three-time fruit pinching further improves the drying efficiency of the dried persimmon, the dried persimmon is continuously dehydrated and molded, the production efficiency of the dried persimmon is improved, and the requirements of mass production in the market are met.
It can be understood that after the four times of baking and the three times of fruit pinching, the total dehydration rate of the fresh persimmon is about 65%, and the method has the advantages of high dehydration rate, high product quality and high economic value.
Compared with the prior art, the full-automatic temperature and humidity control heat pump dried persimmon drying equipment and the drying process provided by the invention have the following advantages:
1. the drying room is used for placing dried persimmons, the temperature and the humidity in the drying room are automatically controlled through the moisture exhaust machine and the drying device, so that drying environments under different drying requirements are provided, all drying steps in the persimmon cake forming process are completed in the drying room, and the full-automatic temperature control heat pump persimmon cake drying equipment provided by the invention is also used, so that the drying process of the persimmon cakes is completed through drying in the equipment without being influenced by weather and climate in the traditional airing mode, the production efficiency of the persimmon cakes is greatly improved, and the production requirement of mass production in the market is met. Meanwhile, the drying time of the dried persimmon is shortened by the drying mode of the equipment, and the production efficiency of the dried persimmon is further improved.
2. Through setting up the drainage plate for the stoving gas of drying device output passes all stoving framves in proper order with stoving gas high-efficiently under the drainage effect of drainage plate, in order to ensure that the stoving gas of output can fully contact with the persimmon, the heat is fully absorbed by the persimmon, drying efficiency has been improved, energy loss has been reduced, and simultaneously, through drainage plate guide stoving gas, the user of also being convenient for sets up export exhaust gas, it is more smooth and easy to let the air current flow direction, avoid new and old gas mixture's problem to appear, drying efficiency has further been improved.
3. By arranging the timer, the drying time or the refrigerating time can be accurately calculated, the drying quality is improved, the problem of poor drying effect caused by overlong or overlong time is avoided, and the product yield is improved.
4. Through setting up display screen and temperature sensor for the user can look over the real-time temperature in the stoving room in the current stoving step based on the display screen, and then the temperature in control stoving room improves drying quality in predetermineeing temperature range, avoids the error of drying.
5. Through rotary machine, the user can carry out the automatic operation of peeling with the persimmon that is prepared, further improves the automation level of equipment, improves the efficiency of dried persimmon preparation.
6. According to the full-automatic temperature and humidity control heat pump dried persimmon drying process provided by the second embodiment of the invention, the four-time baking and three-time fruit pinching procedures are adopted, so that the dried persimmon manufacturing process is combined with the equipment drying and manual fruit pinching modes, continuous drying work can be performed without being influenced by weather and climate in the drying process, the drying efficiency is improved, meanwhile, the manual three-time fruit pinching process is repeated, the drying efficiency of the dried persimmon is further improved, the dried persimmon is continuously dehydrated and molded, the production efficiency of the dried persimmon is improved, and the requirements of mass production in the market are met.
The foregoing descriptions of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been presented for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and obviously many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain certain principles of the invention and its practical application to enable one skilled in the art to make and use various exemplary embodiments of the invention and various alternatives and modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. It is intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (6)
1. A full-automatic temperature and humidity control heat pump dried persimmon drying device and a drying process are characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps: the drying device comprises a drying room, a plurality of drying frames, a drying device, a dehumidifying machine and a refrigerating device, wherein the drying frames, the dehumidifying machine and the drying device are arranged in the drying room, the drying frames are used for placing objects to be dried, the drying device is used for outputting drying gas, the dehumidifying machine is used for keeping the dryness of the drying room, and the refrigerating device is used for refrigerating the drying room;
the drying device and the dehumidifier are arranged on the side surface of the drying rack, and the dehumidifier is arranged at the bottom of the drying room;
the drying rack comprises a plurality of drying platforms which are sequentially arranged in the height direction, the drying platforms are used for placing objects to be dried, and the drying platforms are of hollow structures.
2. The full-automatic temperature and humidity control heat pump dried persimmon drying equipment as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: still be provided with the drainage plate in the stoving room, the drainage plate is located stoving frame top, drainage plate one end with drying device connects, the other end with the stoving room has the interval in order to form the air exit.
3. The full-automatic temperature and humidity control heat pump dried persimmon drying equipment as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: and a timer is also arranged outside the drying room, is electrically connected with the drying device and the refrigerating device and is used for calculating the starting time of the drying device and the refrigerating device.
4. The full-automatic temperature and humidity control heat pump dried persimmon drying equipment as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the stoving room still is equipped with the display screen outward, be equipped with temperature sensor in the stoving room, temperature sensor with the display screen electricity is connected, temperature sensor is used for detecting the real-time temperature in the stoving room, and shows in on the display screen.
5. The full-automatic temperature and humidity control heat pump dried persimmon drying equipment as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the drying room is characterized by further comprising a rotary machine, wherein the rotary machine is arranged on the side face of the drying room and used for peeling the persimmon.
6. A full-automatic temperature and humidity control heat pump dried persimmon drying process, which adopts the full-automatic temperature and humidity control heat pump dried persimmon drying equipment of any one of the claims 1 to 5, is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1: preparing fruits, selecting multiple ripe persimmons, peeling, thoroughly peeling, cutting pedicel, sieving, and respectively packaging into air-dried wood frame square sieves according to the size and maturity of the persimmons;
step S2: the persimmon fruit drying method comprises the following steps of firstly baking, placing in a drying room, heating persimmon fruits at normal temperature, keeping the temperature at 45-50 ℃, starting to discharge moisture in the heating process, keeping the environmental humidity for less than 3 hours, then reducing the temperature, controlling the temperature at 38-40 ℃, and baking until the surfaces of the persimmon fruits are dried and skinned for 10-12 hours;
step S3: first fruit pinching, discharging from a furnace for cooling, dampening, loosening capsules, turning over fruits, slowly extruding the persimmons, pinching the persimmons to be soft and red, turning over after pinching, then ventilating and placing for 11-13 hours at normal temperature, and saccharifying;
step S4: second baking, namely putting the ventilated and placed persimmon into a drying room, controlling the temperature at 38-40 ℃, controlling the humidity of the drying room at 50-55% and baking for 11-13 hours until the surface of the persimmon is dry and smooth and has wrinkles;
step S5: kneading the fruits for the second time, discharging from the furnace and cooling, kneading all the hard pulp blocks, kneading to disperse the fruit cores and extruding the kneaded pulp up and down and left and right to make the inner pulp uniformly distributed without granular sensation, primarily shaping, turning the persimmon fruits, and ventilating and drying for 11-13 hours;
step S6: and (3) baking for the third time, namely putting the persimmon fruits into a drying room again, controlling the temperature at 38-40 ℃, drying for 12 hours and controlling the humidity at 40-45%. Baking until the persimmon fruit surface is dry and coarse wrinkles appear;
step S7: baking for the fourth time, drying for 12 hours, controlling the temperature to be 38-40 ℃ and controlling the humidity to be 30-35%; and
step S8: and (4) discharging, cooling, shaping, pressing the persimmon to a cake shape, placing the persimmon into a drying room, and starting a refrigerating device for cooling to form persimmon frost.
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