CN112555321B - Air spring with lifting function, trailer bogie and rubber wheel train - Google Patents

Air spring with lifting function, trailer bogie and rubber wheel train Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112555321B
CN112555321B CN202011406587.8A CN202011406587A CN112555321B CN 112555321 B CN112555321 B CN 112555321B CN 202011406587 A CN202011406587 A CN 202011406587A CN 112555321 B CN112555321 B CN 112555321B
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
limit stop
frame
cover
trailer
frame body
Prior art date
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Active
Application number
CN202011406587.8A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN112555321A (en
Inventor
顾磊
肖遥
门永林
金鑫
李龙涛
朱程
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CRRC Nanjing Puzhen Co Ltd
Original Assignee
CRRC Nanjing Puzhen Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202011406587.8A priority Critical patent/CN112555321B/en
Publication of CN112555321A publication Critical patent/CN112555321A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN112555321B publication Critical patent/CN112555321B/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/02—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium using gas only or vacuum
    • F16F9/04—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium using gas only or vacuum in a chamber with a flexible wall
    • F16F9/0454—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium using gas only or vacuum in a chamber with a flexible wall characterised by the assembling method or by the mounting arrangement, e.g. mounting of the membrane
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D47/00—Motor vehicles or trailers predominantly for carrying passengers
    • B62D47/02—Motor vehicles or trailers predominantly for carrying passengers for large numbers of passengers, e.g. omnibus
    • B62D47/025—Motor vehicles or trailers predominantly for carrying passengers for large numbers of passengers, e.g. omnibus articulated buses with interconnecting passageway, e.g. bellows
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D7/00—Steering linkage; Stub axles or their mountings
    • B62D7/02—Steering linkage; Stub axles or their mountings for pivoted bogies
    • B62D7/04—Steering linkage; Stub axles or their mountings for pivoted bogies with more than one wheel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/32—Details
    • F16F9/3207—Constructional features

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The embodiment of the application provides an air spring with a lifting function, a trailer bogie and a rubber wheel train, which belong to the technical field of rubber wheel vehicles, wherein the air spring comprises a spring upper cover plate, an air bag, a flat rubber stack and a lifting assembly; the air bag is respectively connected with the upper spring cover plate and the flat rubber pile in a sealing way, the lifting assembly comprises a limit stop cover and a limit stop piece, the bottom of the limit stop cover is covered on the flat rubber pile, and a gap is reserved between the top of the limit stop cover and the upper spring cover plate; the limit stop piece comprises a limit stop connecting rod and a limit stop block, one end of the limit stop connecting rod penetrates through the limit stop cover to be connected with the spring upper cover plate, the limit stop block is located in the limit stop cover, and the limit stop block can be respectively abutted with the limit stop cover and the flat rubber pile. The air spring with the lifting function, the trailer bogie and the rubber wheel train provided by the embodiment of the application realize that the bogie and the train body can be lifted together.

Description

Air spring with lifting function, trailer bogie and rubber wheel train
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of rubber-wheeled vehicles, in particular to an air spring with a lifting function, a trailer bogie and a rubber-wheeled train.
Background
The low-floor trackless vehicle has the advantages of large vehicle grouping capacity, low entrance, convenient getting on and off and the like, so that the low-floor trackless vehicle plays an increasingly important role in urban traffic.
In low-floor trackless vehicles, the bogie is the most important structural component, and its structure and various parameters directly determine the stability of the vehicle operation and the riding comfort. A secondary suspension device is usually arranged between the bogie and the vehicle body, the secondary suspension device comprises an air spring, one end of the air spring is connected with the vehicle body, the other end of the air spring is arranged on an air spring mounting seat of the bogie, and the air spring can provide vertical elasticity for the vehicle body so as to reduce vertical vibration of the vehicle body.
However, a secondary suspension device and other devices are arranged between the vehicle body and the bogie, so that the space between the vehicle body and the bogie is small, and a lifting structure cannot be arranged between the vehicle body and the bogie, so that the bogie cannot be lifted together with the vehicle body.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides an air spring with a lifting function, a trailer bogie and a rubber wheel train, which can solve the problem that the trailer bogie lifts together with a vehicle body.
According to a first aspect of an embodiment of the present application, there is provided an air spring having a lifting function, including a spring upper cover plate, an air bag, a flat rubber stack, and a lifting assembly; the air bag is respectively connected with the spring upper cover plate and the flat rubber stack, and the three are formed into a sealed cavity; the lifting assembly is arranged in the sealing cavity and comprises a limit stop cover and a limit stop piece, the bottom of the limit stop cover is covered on the flat rubber pile, and a gap is reserved between the top of the limit stop cover and the spring upper cover plate; the limit stop piece comprises a limit stop connecting rod and a limit stop block positioned at one end of the limit stop connecting rod, a through hole is formed in the top of the limit stop cover, one end of the limit stop connecting rod, which is far away from the limit stop block, penetrates through the through hole and is connected with the upper spring cover plate, the limit stop block is positioned in the limit stop cover, moves in the limit stop cover, and can be abutted with the top of the limit stop cover and the flat plate rubber stack.
According to a second aspect of an embodiment of the present application, there is provided a trailer bogie comprising a first axle, a second axle, a frame and an air spring according to the first aspect; the first axle and the second axle are respectively provided with an air spring mounting seat, and the air springs are mounted on the first axle and the second axle through the air spring mounting seats; the frame comprises a first frame body and a second frame body, wherein the first end of the first frame body is hinged with the first end of the second frame body, and the second end of the first frame body is connected with the first vehicle bridge; the second end of the second frame body is connected with the second axle, and the second frame body rotate mutually.
According to a third aspect of the embodiment of the application, there is provided a rubber-tyred train, comprising a first train body and a second train body arranged opposite to the first train body, wherein the first train body and the second train body are connected through the trailer bogie of the second aspect.
Compared with the related art, the air spring with the lifting function, the trailer bogie and the rubber wheel train are adopted, and the lifting assembly is arranged in the sealed cavity formed by surrounding the air bag, the spring upper cover plate and the flat rubber stack, so that the vibration reduction function of the air spring is utilized, and the arrangement space of the air spring is utilized; the lifting assembly is used for connecting the vehicle body with the flat rubber pile in the air spring, and then the bogie connected with the flat rubber pile is connected with the vehicle body, so that the lifting device is arranged between the vehicle body and the bogie, and the trailer bogie can be lifted together with the vehicle body.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application and do not constitute a limitation on the application. In the drawings:
shown in FIG. 1 is a simplified schematic illustration of a trailer truck provided in accordance with one embodiment of the present application;
Fig. 2 shows a schematic top view of a trailer bogie according to an embodiment of the present application (the first steering driving device and the second steering driving device are omitted in the figure);
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the connection structure of a first vehicle body and a second vehicle body according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is an exploded view of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing the connection structure of a slewing bearing with a first frame and a second frame according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a connection structure between a first frame and a second frame of a slew bearing according to another embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 7 is a simplified schematic illustration of a slewing bearing cover plate in a first configuration in accordance with an embodiment of the application;
FIG. 8 is a simplified schematic illustration of a slewing bearing cover plate in a second configuration in accordance with an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 9 shows a schematic diagram of the connection of a trailer truck to a vehicle body in accordance with one embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 10 shows a simplified schematic of a trailer hitch provided in accordance with one embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing a front view of a first drawbar according to an embodiment of the application;
Shown in fig. 12 is a partial schematic view of a first drawbar provided in accordance with an embodiment of the application;
Shown in fig. 13 is a side structural plan view of a first drawbar provided in accordance with an embodiment of the application;
Fig. 14 is a schematic view showing a first frame and a second frame in a first state according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 15 is a schematic view showing a structure of a first frame and a second frame in a second state according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 16 is a schematic view showing a steering drive apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of an air spring assembly according to one embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of an air spring according to an embodiment of the present application;
shown in fig. 19 is a partial cross-sectional view of a lifting assembly provided in an embodiment of the application.
Reference numerals:
1153-a first body drawbar mount; 1154-a second body drawbar mount;
4-trailer trucks;
41-a first frame; 411-first frame hinge; 412-a first frame connection; 413-a first bumper mount arm;
42-first axle; 4201—a first trailer wheel;
43-a second frame; 431-second frame hinge, 432-second frame connection; 433-a second bumper mount arm;
44-a second axle; 441-a first axle drawbar mount; 442-a second axle drawbar mount; 4401-second trailer wheel;
45-slewing bearing; 451-a slewing bearing; 4511—a first swivel; 4512-second swivel; 452-slewing support cover plate; 4521-through-passage stop tab; 4522-removable threaded hole; 4523-spring pin mounting holes; 4524-cover fastener mounting holes; 453-waterproof pad; 454-elastic pins; 455-sealing plugs; 456-a cover plate fastener;
46-a trailer traction device;
461-a first traction assembly; 4611—a first drawbar; 4612—first drawbar node; 4613—a height valve stem mount; 462-a second traction assembly; 4621—a second drawbar; 4622—a second drawbar node;
47-frame buffer means; 471-first buffer block mount; 472-first buffer block; 473-a second buffer block mount; 474-a second buffer block;
481-first steering drive; 4811-a first servo motor; 4812-a first power steering gear; 4813—a first coupling; 4814-a first power steering swing arm; 4815-a first track rod; 4816-a first trailer steering swing arm; 48161-a first trailer sub-swing arm; 48162-second trailer swing arm; 4817—a first tie rod; 4818-a first mount; 4819-a first limit switch;
482-a second steering drive; 4821-a second servomotor; 4822-a second power steering gear; 4823—a second coupling; 4824-a second power steering swing arm; 4825-a second track rod; 4826—a second trailer steering swing arm; 48261-third trailer sub-swing arm; 48262-fourth trailer sub-swing arms; 4827—a second tie rod; 4828-a second mount; 4829—a second limit switch;
49-an air spring; 491-spring top cover plate; 492-balloon; 493-limit stop cover; 4931-stop cap body; 4932-stop cap stop plate; 4933-stop cap mounting edge; 494-limit stops; 4941-positive stop; 4942-limit stop tie rod; 495-slab rubber stack; 496—a limit stop mounting plate; 497-undersprung cover.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more apparent, the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the present application is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application and not exhaustive of all embodiments. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present application and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other.
Example 1
Shown in FIG. 1 is a simplified schematic illustration of a trailer truck provided in accordance with one embodiment of the present application; please refer to fig. 1. The present embodiment provides a trailer bogie 4 mounted below two adjacent first and second bodies for carrying not only the first and second bodies but also for transmitting traction between the first and second bodies. The first vehicle body can be an electric vehicle body, and the corresponding second vehicle body can be an intermediate vehicle body; or the first vehicle body can be an intermediate vehicle body, and the corresponding second vehicle body can be an electric vehicle body; or the first vehicle body and the second vehicle body are both intermediate vehicle bodies.
Specifically, the trailer bogie 4 includes a first frame 41 and a second frame 43; the first frame 41 is used for connecting a first vehicle body, and the second frame 43 is used for connecting a second vehicle body.
The first end of the first frame 41 is hinged with the second frame 43; the second end of the first frame 41 is provided with a first axle 42, the extending direction of the first axle 42 is perpendicular to the extending direction of the first frame 41, and two ends of the first axle 42 are connected with first trailer wheels 4201.
A first end of the second frame 43 is hinged to the first frame 41; the second end of the second frame 43 is provided with a second axle 44, the extending direction of the second axle 44 is perpendicular to the extending direction of the second frame 43, and two ends of the second axle 44 are connected with second trailer wheels 4401.
The hinge connection structure between the first frame 41 and the second frame 43 may be provided as needed, for example, the first end of the first frame 41 and the first end of the second frame 43 may be hinged by a shaft pin, and both may be rotated with respect to the shaft pin. Thus, when the first frame 41 or the second frame 43 rotates, the corresponding second frame 43 or the first frame 41 can follow rotation to a certain extent due to the hinged connection.
Compared with the prior art that a multi-group vehicle adopts the connection between the vehicle bodies, the vehicle end part in the prior art needs stronger structural design and occupies the space of the axle arranged towards the vehicle end, so that the axle must be arranged towards the vehicle, and the available space of passengers in the vehicle end area is occupied; the trailer bogie provided by the embodiment of the application comprises a rotatable first frame body 41 and a rotatable second frame body 43; the distance between the first axle 42 and the second axle 44 can be shortened, so that the first axle 42 and the second axle 44 can be close to the edge of the vehicle end, the vehicle end part is not required to be designed to adapt to strong stress structures such as traction force, braking force and the like, the design difficulty of the vehicle end part is reduced, meanwhile, the vehicle axle is prevented from occupying the usable space of passengers in the vehicle end part area, and the low floor can be realized.
Fig. 2 shows a schematic top view of a trailer bogie according to an embodiment of the present application (the first steering driving device and the second steering driving device are omitted in the figure); FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the connection structure of a first vehicle body and a second vehicle body according to an embodiment of the present application; FIG. 4 is an exploded view of FIG. 3; FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing the connection structure of a slewing bearing with a first frame and a second frame according to an embodiment of the present application; fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a connection structure between a first frame and a second frame of a slew bearing according to another embodiment of the present application; please refer to fig. 2-6.
Further, in this embodiment, the first end of the first frame 41 and the first end of the second frame 43 are hinged by the rotation support device 45.
The slewing bearing 45 comprises a slewing bearing 451, the slewing bearing 451 comprises a first rotating body 4511 and a second rotating body 4512 which are in mutually rotating fit, and the rotating axes of the first rotating body 4511 and the second rotating body 4512 are perpendicular to the ground; the first rotating body 4511 may be connected to the first frame 41, and the second rotating body 4512 may be connected to the second frame 43, that is, the first frame 41 and the second frame 43 may be rotatably connected through the swivel bearing 451.
Specifically, the first frame 41 is fixedly connected with the first rotating body 4511 through a fastener, the first end of the first frame 41 is provided with a first step hole, the first step hole comprises a first aperture section and a second aperture section, the aperture of the first aperture section is larger than that of the second aperture section, a first step surface is formed at the transition connection part of the first aperture section and the second aperture section, and the first aperture section can be close to the first rotating body 4511 to enable the first rotating body 4511 to be installed below the first step surface.
Similarly, the second frame 43 is fixedly connected with the second rotating body 4512 through a fastener, the first end of the second frame 43 is provided with a second step hole, the second step hole comprises a third aperture section and a fourth aperture section, and the aperture of the third aperture section is larger than that of the fourth aperture section so as to form a second step surface at the transition connection position of the third aperture section and the fourth aperture section; the third aperture segment may be disposed proximate the second swivel 4512 such that the second swivel 4512 is secured above the second stepped surface.
As shown in fig. 5, in one possible embodiment, the first rotor 4511 and the second rotor 4512 are disposed up and down in this embodiment, and the rotation axes of the first rotor 4511 and the second rotor 4512 are perpendicular to the ground, or perpendicular to the first step surface and the second step surface; the first rotator 4511 comprises a first mounting surface and a bowl-shaped spherical surface structure protruding from the first mounting surface, wherein the upper bottom surface of the bowl-shaped spherical surface structure is fixed on the first mounting surface, and the lower bottom surface of the bowl-shaped spherical surface structure faces the second rotator 4512; the second swivel 4512 includes a second mounting surface and a second spherical aperture that mates with the bowl-shaped spherical structure, with the second spherical aperture facing the first swivel 4511.
The second mounting surface of the second swivel 4512 is attached to the second step surface, the second mounting surface and the second step surface are connected by bolts, and the second swivel 4512 is embedded in the second frame 43; the first mounting surface of the first rotating body 4511 is attached to the first step surface, the first mounting surface is connected with the first step surface through a bolt, a part of bowl-shaped spherical surface structure is inserted into the second spherical hole, the side surface of the bowl-shaped spherical surface structure is attached to the hole wall of the second spherical hole, a certain gap is formed between the first frame 41 and the second frame 43 in the vertical direction, and the bowl-shaped spherical surface structure can be biased in the inner side of the second spherical hole; i.e. the first swivel 4511 and the second swivel 4512 are not only rotatable about the axis of rotation, but also laterally deflectable.
As shown in fig. 6, in another possible embodiment, the first rotor 4511 and the second rotor 4512 are disposed up and down, the first rotor 4511 has a first mounting surface, and the first mounting surface is attached and fixed to the first step surface; the second swivel 4512 has a second mounting surface, which is attached to and fixed to the second step surface; the second rotating body 4512 is provided with a bowl-shaped spherical structure, the first rotating body 4511 is provided with a first spherical hole matched with the bowl-shaped spherical structure, the side surface of the bowl-shaped spherical structure is attached to the side wall of the first spherical hole, a certain gap is formed between the first frame 41 and the second frame 43 in the vertical direction, and the bowl-shaped spherical structure can be biased in the inner side of the first spherical hole, namely, the first rotating body 4511 and the second rotating body 4512 can rotate around a rotation axis and can laterally deflect.
The first rotor 4511 and the second rotor 4512 are disposed up and down in the present embodiment, and the rotation axes of the first rotor 4511 and the second rotor 4512 are perpendicular to the ground, or perpendicular to the first step surface and the second step surface; the second mounting surface of the second swivel 4512 is attached to the second step surface, the second mounting surface and the second step surface are connected by bolts, and the second swivel 4512 is embedded in the second frame 43; the first mounting surface of the first rotating body 4511 is attached to the first step surface, the first mounting surface is connected with the first step surface through bolts, and a certain floating gap is formed between the first frame 41 and the second frame 43, so that certain lateral deflection capability is achieved in the process of rotating the first rotating body 4511 and the second rotating body 4512 around a rotation axis, and the curve passing performance and the adaptability of a vehicle can be improved.
FIG. 7 is a simplified schematic illustration of a slewing bearing cover plate in a first configuration in accordance with an embodiment of the application; FIG. 8 is a simplified schematic illustration of a slewing bearing cover plate in a second configuration in accordance with an embodiment of the present application; please refer to fig. 5-8.
In this embodiment, a rotary support cover plate 452 is further disposed above the first frame 41, where the rotary support cover plate 452 is used to seal the first step hole of the first frame 41; the rotary support cover 452 may be a circular plate, the rotary support cover 452 is disposed at a first end of the first frame 41, and the rotary support cover 452 is attached to and fixed on a surface of the first frame 41, for sealing the first step hole. For example, the swing support cover 452 is provided at the first stepped hole and is fixed to the first frame 41. With this arrangement, dust, foreign matter, rainwater, etc. can be prevented from entering the slewing bearing, and the reliability of the slewing bearing device 45 can be improved.
Two through channel limiting bosses 4521 are arranged on one side of the rotary support cover plate 452 far away from the first frame body 41, and the two through channel limiting bosses 4521 are arranged on the rotary support cover plate 452 at intervals and protrude out of the surface of the rotary support cover plate 452 so as to form a limiting space of a through channel; a through passage limiting block is arranged on the bottom surface of the through passage facing the rotary support cover plate 452, and the through passage limiting block can be embedded in the limiting space. The through channel limiting block can be limited between the two through channel limiting bosses 4521, and the through channel limiting bosses 4521 can limit the deformation and the rotation angle of the through channel.
For example, two through-channel limiting bosses 4521 may be disposed in a central region of the slewing bearing cover 452 and symmetrically disposed on the slewing bearing cover 452. The rotary support cover plate 452 may be a circular rotary support cover plate 452, two through channel limiting bosses 4521 are symmetrically arranged along the center of the rotary support cover plate 452, a certain interval is provided between the two through channel limiting bosses 4521, and an insertion space for a through channel limiting block is formed between the two through channel limiting bosses; along the length direction of the bogie, two through channel limiting bosses 4521 are respectively positioned at the left side and the right side of the through channel limiting block, and can limit the deformation and the rotation angle of the through channel and prevent the deformation and the rotation angle of the through channel from being overlarge.
With continued reference to fig. 6, on the basis of the above embodiment, an annular waterproof pad 453 is further disposed between the rotary support cover 452 and the first frame 41, so as to prevent external water from entering the rotary bearing 451, avoid corrosion of the rotary bearing 451 caused by water entering, and improve the rotation reliability of the first frame 41 and the second frame 43.
Specifically, the rotary support cover plate 452 is provided with a sinking platform towards one side of the first frame 41 to form an installation space of the waterproof pad 453, the waterproof pad 453 is arranged around the second step hole, one side of the waterproof pad 453 is in butt joint with the rotary support cover plate 452, the other side of the waterproof pad 453 is in butt joint with the first frame 41, the free thickness of the waterproof pad 453 is larger than the depth of the sinking platform, the waterproof pad 453 is in a compressed state after being installed, and the waterproof effect between the rotary support cover plate 452 and the first frame 41 can be improved through compressing the waterproof pad 453.
Further, the swing support cover 452 is secured to the first frame 41 by a plurality of cover fasteners 456. For example, a plurality of cover fasteners 456 are equally spaced along the circumferential direction of the swing support cover 452, and the first frame 41 is provided with cover fastener mounting holes 4524 that mate with the cover fasteners 456; the cover fastener 456 may be a fastening bolt, and the cover fastener installation hole 4524 provided in the first frame body 41 may be a screw hole, and one end of the cover fastener 456 passes through the gasket, the swing support cover 452, and is fixed to the first frame body 41, thereby fixing the swing support cover 452 to the first frame body 41.
On the basis of the above embodiment, the cover fastening member 456 may be disposed opposite to the waterproof pad 453 to improve the waterproof effect between the first frame 41 and the swing support cover 452; for example, the waterproof pad 453 is disposed opposite to the cover fastening member 456, and the waterproof pad 453 is provided with a through hole through which the cover fastening member 456 passes, i.e., one end of the cover fastening member 456 passes through the swing support cover 452, the waterproof pad 453, and is fixed to the first frame 41, thereby enhancing the waterproof effect between the swing support cover 452 and the first frame 41.
With continued reference to fig. 4, when the revolving support cover 452 receives an impact force from the through channel, in order to prevent the cover fastener 456 from being broken due to the impact force, in this embodiment, an elastic pin 454 is further disposed between the revolving support cover 452 and the first frame 41, and the elastic pin 454 is used for resisting the impact force from the through channel to the revolving support cover 452. Specifically, two elastic pins 454 are disposed between the rotary support cover 452 and the first frame 41, the two elastic pins 454 are respectively located at the outer sides of the two through-channel limiting bosses 4521 away from the through-channel, and the elastic pins 454 are disposed opposite to the through-channel limiting bosses 4521. For example, the slewing bearing cover 452 is provided with two elastic pin mounting holes 4523, two through-channel limiting bosses 4521 are located between the two elastic pin mounting holes 4523, and an elastic pin 454 is inserted into the elastic pin mounting holes 4523 and fixed on the first frame 41; the impact force received by the through channel limiting boss 4521 can be transmitted to the elastic pin 454 along a straight line, so that the counteracting effect of the impact force is improved.
Further, the elastic pin 454 may be disposed opposite to the waterproof pad 453, the waterproof pad 453 is provided with a through hole through which the elastic pin 454 passes, and one end of the elastic pin 454 passes through the slewing bearing cover 452 and the waterproof pad 453 and is inserted into the first frame 41. With this arrangement, the waterproof effect of the waterproof pad 453 to the swing support cover 452 and the first frame 41 can be improved.
With continued reference to fig. 6, in the above embodiment, the swivel support cover 452 is further provided with a dismounting screw hole 4522 and a sealing plug 455 for sealing the dismounting screw hole 4522, and the dismounting screw hole 4522 penetrates the swivel support cover 452. When the rotary support cover plate 452 needs to be disassembled, the sealing plug 455 is disassembled from the disassembling threaded hole 4522, so that one end of the disassembling threaded hole 4522 is opened, a tool bolt is suspended into the disassembling threaded hole 4522, the end of the tool bolt is abutted against the first frame 41, and an external force is applied to the tool bolt so as to separate the rotary support cover plate 452 from the first frame 41; accordingly, when the swing support cover 452 is not required to be disassembled, the sealing plug 455 is installed in the withdrawal threaded hole 4522 and seals the withdrawal threaded hole 4522.
FIG. 9 shows a schematic diagram of the connection of a trailer truck to a vehicle body in accordance with one embodiment of the present application; FIG. 10 shows a simplified schematic of a trailer hitch provided in accordance with one embodiment of the present application; please refer to fig. 9-10. Further, the trailer bogie 4 of the present embodiment further includes a trailer traction device 46, and the trailer traction device 46 is disposed on a side of the first axle 42 facing away from the first frame body 41 and a side of the second axle 44 facing away from the second frame body 43. The trailer traction device 46 is used to connect the trailer bogie 4 with an adjacent first or second vehicle body to transfer traction or braking forces between the trailer bogie 4 and the vehicle body and accommodate relative movement in each direction between the adjacent first or second vehicle body. In the present embodiment, the connection structure between the trailer traction device 46 and the motor vehicle body is described as an example, and the connection structure between the other side and the intermediate vehicle body is not shown.
Specifically, with continued reference to fig. 9 and 10, the trailer hitch 46 of this embodiment includes two first hitch assemblies 461 and two second hitch assemblies 462.
Wherein the ends of the first traction assembly 461 are respectively for connecting a first axle drawbar seat 441 located on the trailer bogie 4 and a first body drawbar seat 1153 located on the vehicle body. The first axle drawbar seat 441 and the first body drawbar seat 1153 are disposed in one-to-one correspondence, and the first axle drawbar seat 441 and the first body drawbar seat 1153 are disposed on both sides of the vehicle body in the width direction. The two ends of the first traction assembly 461 may be vertically connected to the first axle drawbar seat 441 and the first body drawbar seat 1153, and the two first traction assemblies 461 are parallel to each other and are consistent with the length direction of the vehicle body after connection.
The second traction assembly 462 has opposite ends for connecting the second axle drawbar mount 442 on the trailer truck 4 and the second body drawbar mount 1154 on the vehicle body, respectively. The second axle drawbar seat 442 is located between the two first axle drawbar seats 441 and located between the two second body drawbar seats 1154 in the vehicle width direction, and the second axle drawbar seat 442 is disposed obliquely toward the first axle drawbar seat 441 adjacent thereto. The second body drawbar mount 1154 is located between the two first body drawbar mounts 1153, the second body drawbar mount 1154 being disposed obliquely away from the first body drawbar mount 1153 adjacent thereto. The two second traction assemblies 462 are arranged obliquely, and the end of the two second traction assemblies 462 connected to the trailer bogie 4 is located between the ends of the two second traction assemblies 462 connected to the vehicle body, so that the two second traction assemblies 462 are generally in an "eight" shape after connection.
By the above arrangement, the two first traction assemblies 461 and the two second traction assemblies 462 together transmit traction and braking forces between the trailer bogie 4 and the vehicle body to which they are connected, reducing the load on each traction assembly while evenly distributing traction and braking forces over the entire vehicle body frame and the trailer bogie 4, avoiding stress concentrations.
Meanwhile, the height of the two first traction components 461 and the height of the center of the wheel can be kept consistent, so that loss in traction and braking force transmission is reduced, and the wheel load shedding rate is also reduced; the two second traction assemblies 462 can ensure smooth transfer of traction and braking forces as the vehicle passes through small curves, improving transfer efficiency.
Alternatively, the two ends of the first traction assembly 461 of the present embodiment are vertically connected to the trailer bogie 4 and the vehicle body to which it is connected, respectively, to ensure transmission efficiency of traction and braking forces. The second traction assembly 462 has an angle of 30-40 degrees between the ends of the second traction assembly 462 and the trailer bogie 4 and the vehicle body, in such a range that a high transfer efficiency of the second traction assembly 462 can be maintained.
Optionally, referring to fig. 10, the first traction assembly 461 of the present embodiment includes a first traction rod 4611 and two first traction rod nodes 4612, wherein the two ends of the first traction rod 4611 are respectively provided with a first traction rod through hole, the axial direction of the first traction rod through hole is perpendicular to the axial direction of the first traction rod 4611, the first traction rod nodes 4612 are fixedly connected in the first traction rod through holes, that is, one end of the first traction rod nodes 4612 passes through the first traction rod through holes and then the middle part of the first traction rod nodes is fixed with the first traction rod through holes. The first drawbar node 4612 is located at two sides of the first drawbar through hole and is used for connecting the first axle drawbar seat 441 or the first body drawbar seat 1153, and a specific connection manner may be selected from a bolting connection manner, a hinging connection manner, and the like.
The second traction assembly 462 includes a second traction rod 4621 and two second traction rod nodes 4622, two ends of the second traction rod 4621 are respectively provided with a second traction rod through hole, an axial direction of the second traction rod through hole is perpendicular to an axial direction of the second traction rod 4621, the second traction rod nodes 4622 are fixedly connected in the second traction rod through holes, that is, one end of the second traction rod node 4622 passes through the second traction rod through holes, and then the middle part of the second traction rod node is fixed with the second traction rod through holes. The second drawbar node 4622 is located at two sides of the second drawbar through hole and is used for connecting the second axle drawbar seat 442 or the second body drawbar seat 1154, and a specific connection manner may be a bolting connection manner, a hinging connection manner, or the like.
Preferably, referring to fig. 9 and 10, in the present embodiment, the first connecting holes for connecting the first axle drawbar seat 441 or the first body drawbar seat 1153 are disposed on two sides of the first drawbar through hole, and the first fastener passes through the first connecting holes and is then fixed on the first axle drawbar seat 441 or the first body drawbar seat 1153. The first connecting hole may be a through hole, the first fastening member may be a bolt, and the first axle drawbar seat 441 and the first body drawbar seat 1153 are provided with threaded fixing holes adapted to the first fastening member, and the first fastening member may pass through the first connecting hole and be fixed in the threaded fixing holes.
The second drawbar node 4622 is disposed on two sides of the second drawbar through hole and is provided with a second connecting hole for connecting the second axle drawbar seat 442 or the second body drawbar seat 1154, and the second fastener passes through the second connecting hole and is fixed on the second axle drawbar seat 442 or the second body drawbar seat 1154. The second connecting hole may be a through hole, the second fastening member may be a bolt, and the second axle drawbar seat 442 and the second body drawbar seat 1154 are provided with threaded fixing holes adapted to the second fastening member, and the second fastening member may pass through the first connecting hole and be fixed in the threaded fixing holes.
In this embodiment, the mode of adopting bolted connection can make things convenient for the installation and the dismantlement of traction assembly to follow-up maintenance and maintenance of being convenient for.
Further, referring to fig. 10, the first traction assembly 461 of the present embodiment further includes a height valve rod mounting seat 4613, and the height valve rod mounting seat 4613 is used for mounting a height valve rod to implement the air spring adjusting function in a limited space.
The height valve lever mount 4613 is located on a side of the first drawbar 4611 facing the trailer truck 4, and the height valve lever mount 4613 is fixedly coupled to a side of the first drawbar node 4612 facing the second drawbar assembly 462.
Specifically, the height valve rod mounting seat 4613 of this embodiment includes a first plate and a second plate that are perpendicular to each other, where the first plate is provided with a first fixing hole adapted to the first connecting hole, and the second plate is used for mounting the height valve rod. The first flat plate and the second flat plate can be formed by bending the same steel plate, and rib plates can be welded between the first flat plate and the second flat plate to increase the connection strength.
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing a front view of a first drawbar according to an embodiment of the application; shown in fig. 12 is a partial schematic view of a first drawbar provided in accordance with an embodiment of the application; please refer to fig. 11-12. Optionally, the first and second drawbar through holes in this embodiment are both in a oval structure, so as to increase the strength of the joint between the drawbar node and the drawbar. Taking the first traction rod 4611 as an example, the radius corresponding to the first traction rod through hole is R1, and the long round structure refers to that one end of the first traction rod 4611 covering the first traction rod through hole is formed by two semicircular structures with radius of R2 and a horizontal part with length of L connecting the two semicircular structures, wherein a distance of L/2 is between a circle center corresponding to the semicircular structure and a circle center of the first traction rod through hole.
Shown in fig. 13 is a simplified side view of a first drawbar provided in accordance with an embodiment of the application; please refer to fig. 13. Further, in this embodiment, both ends of the first traction bar 4611 and the second traction bar 4621 are provided with chamfers to avoid interference with the vehicle body or the trailer bogie 4 during operation.
Preferably, the first traction rod 4611 in the present embodiment is a metal rod, and the first traction rod node 4612 includes a metal portion and a rubber portion, and the metal portion and the rubber portion are integrally vulcanization molded; the second drawbar 4621 is a metal bar and the second drawbar node 4622 includes a metal portion and a rubber portion, the metal portion being integrally vulcanization molded with the rubber portion.
The traction rods of the embodiment are all formed by forging and machining alloy steel materials, and are high in strength and good in toughness; the traction rod node is formed by vulcanizing metal and rubber, can buffer impact during traction and braking, is suitable for relative movement between the vehicle body and the trailer bogie 4, and simultaneously, can buffer impact during traction and braking, and optimizes the stress condition of the vehicle body and the trailer bogie 4.
Fig. 14 is a schematic view showing a first frame and a second frame in a first state according to an embodiment of the present application; fig. 15 is a schematic view showing a structure of a first frame and a second frame in a second state according to an embodiment of the present application; please refer to fig. 14-15. Further, when the trailer bogie passes through the curve, a certain included angle is formed between different frames in the curve section in order to well adapt to the radius of the curve. The trailer bogie provided in this embodiment further includes a frame buffer 47; along the direction from the first axle 42 to the second axle 44, two frame buffer devices 47 are symmetrically disposed at the first end of the first frame 41, and two frame buffer devices 47 are symmetrically disposed at the first end of the second frame 43. For convenience of description, the frame buffer 47 provided at the first frame 41 may be defined as a first frame buffer, and the frame buffer 47 provided at the second frame 43 may be defined as a second frame buffer.
The first frame buffer device and the second frame buffer device are matched, and when the first frame 41 and the second frame 43 rotate by a certain angle, the first frame buffer device and the second frame buffer device can be abutted. Further, the first frame buffer device and the second frame buffer device located at the same side may be located on the same rotation path. When the first frame 41 and the second frame 43 relatively rotate, the gap between the first frame buffer device and the second frame buffer device gradually decreases until the first frame buffer device and the second frame buffer device are contacted, and buffer force is provided for the first frame 41 and the second frame 43, so that the first frame 41 and the second frame 43 are prevented from rigidly contacting; continuing to extrude, the first frame buffer device and the second frame buffer device are not elastically deformed any more, and the first frame 41 and the second frame 43 can be limited, so that the purpose of rigidity limitation is achieved, and the rotation angle between the first frame 41 and the second frame 43 is limited.
With continued reference to fig. 14, in one possible embodiment, the first frame buffer device includes a first buffer block 472 and a first buffer block mounting seat 471, the first buffer block mounting seat 471 is used for mounting the first buffer block 472, and the first buffer block mounting seat 471 is mounted to the first frame 41 through the first buffer block mounting arm 413. It can be understood that the first frame buffer device is a part formed by compounding a buffer block made of rubber and a metal mounting seat together through a certain process, wherein the metal mounting seat is used for being fixedly connected with the first buffer seat mounting arm 413, and the rubber buffer block is suspended and used as buffer.
Wherein, the first buffer seat mounting arm 413 may be an arc-shaped blocking arm, the bending extension direction of which is consistent with the rotation direction of the first frame 41, one end of the first buffer seat mounting arm 413 is fixedly connected with the first frame 41, and the other end of the first buffer seat mounting arm 413 is fixedly provided with a first buffer block mounting seat 471; similarly, the second frame buffer device includes a second buffer block 474 and a second buffer block mounting seat 473, where the second frame buffer device is mounted on the second frame 43 by a second buffer seat mounting arm 433, and the structure of the second buffer seat mounting arm 433 can be set with reference to the structure of the first buffer seat mounting arm 413, which is not described herein.
With continued reference to fig. 15, preferably, when the first frame buffer device and the second frame buffer device are in contact, the first buffer block 472 and the second buffer block 474 may be in front contact, and the first buffer block 472 is opposite to the second rubber, so as to provide the first frame buffer device and the second frame buffer device with the maximum buffer force, and reduce vibration and noise generated by impact during the rotation of the first frame 41 and the second frame 43.
In order to facilitate the mounting of the bracket between the first axle 42 and the second axle 44, the first frame 41 and the second frame 43 provided in this embodiment are respectively in a split structure, and the first frame 41 includes a first frame connecting portion 412 connected to the first axle 42 and a first frame hinge portion 411 connected to the first frame connecting portion 412; the first frame connecting portion 412 is fixedly connected with the first axle 42, or the first frame connecting portion 412 and the first axle 42 may be manufactured as an integral structure.
One end of the first frame hinge part 411 is fixedly connected with the first frame connecting part 412 by bolts, and the other end of the first frame hinge part 411 is connected with the first rotor 4511 of the swivel bearing 451. The two sides of the first frame body hinge part 411 are also respectively provided with a first buffer seat mounting arm 413, and the first buffer seat mounting arm 413 and the first frame body hinge part 411 can form an integrated structure so as to enhance the connection strength of the first buffer seat mounting arm 413 and the first frame body hinge part 411.
Similarly, the second frame 43 includes a second frame connecting portion 432 connected to the second axle 44, and a second frame hinge portion 431 connected to the second frame connecting portion 432, where the second frame connecting portion 432 is fixedly connected to the second axle 44, or the second frame connecting portion 432 and the second axle 44 may be manufactured as an integral structure; one end of the second frame connection part 432 is fixedly connected to the second frame hinge part 431 by a bolt, and the other end of the second frame hinge part 431 is connected to the second swivel 4512 of the swivel bearing 451. The two sides of the second frame body hinge portion 431 are further provided with second buffer seat mounting arms 433 respectively, and the second buffer seat mounting arms 433 and the second frame body hinge portion 431 can form an integrated structure so as to enhance the connection strength of the second buffer block mounting seat 473 and the second frame body hinge portion 431.
Referring to fig. 14 and 15, to raise the rotation angles of the first frame 41 and the second frame 43, the first frame 41 and the second frame 43 are integrally in a triangle structure or a trapezoid structure, and the second end of the first frame 41 is connected with the first axle 42, the first end is connected with the swivel bearing 451, the second end of the second frame 43 is connected with the second axle 44, and the first end of the second frame 43 is connected with the swivel bearing 451, so that a larger rotation space is formed by the first frame 41 and the second frame 43 near one end of the swivel bearing 451, thereby meeting the rotation angle requirement of the first frame 41 and the second frame 43.
With continued reference to fig. 2, 14 and 15, on the basis of the above embodiment, hollow structures are further disposed on the first frame 41 and the second frame 43, so as to reduce the weight of the first frame 41 and the second frame 43. Specifically, the first frame body connection part 412 and the first frame body hinge part 411 of the first frame body 41 are respectively provided with a hollowed-out structure; for example, the first frame connecting portion 412 may be provided with a first hollow structure, where the first hollow structure includes two trapezoidal holes or square holes symmetrically disposed on the first frame connecting portion 412; the number of the trapezoid or square holes in the hollowed-out structure is related to the arrangement of the connecting bolts, and the uniformly arranged trapezoid holes and square holes are beneficial to the uniform transmission of stress; the size of the hollowed-out space fully considers the bolt installation and fastening operation space. The embodiment of the application adopts trapezium and square as the hollow structure, fully considers the change of the size of the two ends of connection, plays a role in gradual transition and avoids stress concentration.
The first frame body hinge part 411 may be provided with a second hollow structure, where the second hollow structure includes a plurality of elongated holes, and the plurality of elongated holes may be symmetrically disposed on the first frame body hinge part 411; the extending direction of the elongated hole is parallel to the extending direction of the first frame hinge 411, so that the elongated hole is consistent with the arrangement direction of the bolts, and consistent with the longitudinal stress direction such as larger traction force, braking force and the like, so that the bolts are stressed.
Further, the second frame connecting portion 432 and the second frame hinge portion 431 of the second frame 43 are provided with hollow structures; for example, the second frame connecting portion 432 may be provided with a third hollow structure, and the third hollow structure may be provided with reference to the first hollow structure; the second frame hinge portion 431 may be provided with a fourth hollow structure, and the fourth hollow structure may be set with reference to the second hollow structure, which is not described herein.
Fig. 16 is a schematic view showing a steering drive apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application; please refer to fig. 1 and 16. Further, in order to realize steering control of the trailer bogie 4, the trailer bogie of the present embodiment further includes a steering drive device. The steering drive device includes a first steering drive device 481 connected to the first frame 41 and a second steering drive device 482 connected to the second frame 43. The first steering drive 481 is coupled to the first trailer wheel 4201 for rotating the first trailer wheel 4201; the second steering drive 482 is coupled to the second trailer wheel 4401 for rotating the second trailer wheel 4401.
The first frame 41 and the second frame 43 of the trailer bogie 4 of the present embodiment are hinged, and the rotation of the first trailer wheel 4201 is controlled by the first steering driving device 481, and the rotation of the second trailer wheel 4401 is controlled by the second steering driving device 482, so that the steering of the first vehicle body connected with the first frame 41 and the steering of the second vehicle body connected with the second frame 43 can be controlled relatively independently, thereby being beneficial to reducing the turning radius of the vehicle, facilitating the driving of the vehicle, and improving the flexibility of driving on urban roads.
Specifically, the first steering drive device 481 of the present embodiment includes a first drive portion for providing steering power and a first transmission portion; the first transmission portion connects the first drive portion and the first trailer wheel 4201, and is configured to transmit steering power provided by the first drive portion to the first trailer wheel 4201.
The second steering drive 482 includes a second drive portion for providing steering power and a second transmission portion; the second transmission portion connects the second driving portion and the second trailer wheel 4401, and is configured to transmit steering power provided by the second driving portion to the second trailer wheel 4401.
With continued reference to fig. 16, further, the first driving portion includes a first servo motor 4811 and a first power steering gear 4812; the first servo motor 4811 is in communication connection with the controller, and the first servo motor 4811 is used for outputting steering force; the first power steering gear 4812 is used for changing the direction of the steering force output by the first servo motor 4811 so as to provide steering power for the first transmission part, the first power steering gear 4812 is connected with the output end of the first servo motor 4811 through a first coupling 4813, and the output end of the first power steering gear 4812 is connected with the first transmission part.
The second driving part comprises a second servo motor 4821 and a second power steering gear 4822, the second servo motor 4821 is in communication connection with the controller, and the second servo motor 4821 is used for outputting steering force; the second power steering gear 4822 is used for changing the direction of the steering force output by the second servo motor 4821 so as to provide steering power for the second transmission part, the second power steering gear 4822 is connected with the output end of the second servo motor 4821 through a second coupling 4823 joint, and the output end of the second power steering gear 4822 is connected with the second transmission part.
In one possible implementation, the first transmission portion of the present embodiment includes a first power steering swing arm 4814, a first track rod 4815, a first trailer steering swing arm 4816, and a first track rod 4817, a first end of the first power steering swing arm 4814 being coupled to an output end of the first power steering gear 4812; the first end of the first track rod 4815 is connected to the second end of the first power steering swing arm 4814; the first trailer steering swing arm 4816 is fixedly connected with the first trailer wheel 4201, the first trailer steering swing arm 4816 comprises a first body, a first trailer sub swing arm 48161 and a second trailer sub swing arm 48162 which are connected with the first body, the first body is fixedly connected with the first trailer wheel 4201, the first trailer sub swing arm 48161 and the second trailer sub swing arm 48162 are both connected with the first body, an included angle is formed between the first trailer sub swing arm 48161 and the second trailer sub swing arm 48162, and the second end of the first longitudinal pull rod 4815 is connected with the first trailer sub swing arm 48161; two ends of the first tie rod 4817 are respectively connected with the second trailer sub-swing arms 48162 on the two first trailer steering swing arms 4816.
The second transmission part of the present embodiment includes a second power steering swing arm 4824, a second track rod 4825, a second trailer steering swing arm 4826, and a second track rod 4827, where a first end of the second power steering swing arm 4824 is connected to an output end of the second power steering gear 4822; the first end of the second track rod 4825 is connected to the second end of the second power steering swing arm 4824; the second trailer steering swing arm 4826 is fixedly connected with the second trailer wheel 4401, the second trailer steering swing arm 4826 comprises a second body and a third trailer sub swing arm 48261 and a fourth trailer sub swing arm 48262 which are connected with the second body, the second body is fixedly connected with the second trailer wheel 4401, the third trailer sub swing arm 48261 and the fourth trailer sub swing arm 48262 are both connected with the second body, an included angle is formed between the third trailer sub swing arm 48261 and the fourth trailer sub swing arm 48262, and the second end of the second longitudinal pull rod 4825 is connected with the third trailer sub swing arm 48261; two ends of the second tie rod 4827 are respectively connected with a fourth trailer sub-swing arm 48262 on the two second trailer steering swing arms 4826.
The present embodiment may meet the need for different limit deflection angles of the first trailer wheel 4201 when traversing a curve by adjusting the lengths of the first track rod 4815 and the first track rod 4817 and the angle between the first and second trailer sub swing arms 48161, 48162. Similarly, the different requirements for the deflection angle of the second trailer wheel 4401 when the curve is crossed can be met by adjusting the lengths of the second track rod 4825 and the second track rod 4827 and the angle between the third trailer sub-swing arm 48261 and the fourth trailer sub-swing arm 48262.
When the steering driving device of the embodiment is used, the first servo motor 4811 receives the steering input signal transmitted by the controller and outputs the steering torque, the steering torque output by the first servo motor 4811 is transmitted to the first power transmission device through the first coupling 4813, the first power transmission device outputs the rotating torque to drive the first power steering swing arm 4814 to swing, the first power steering swing arm 4814 transmits the rotating torque to the first trailer steering swing arm 4816 through the first track rod 4815, and the first trailer steering swing arm 4816 is fixedly connected with the first trailer wheels 4201, and the two first trailer steering swing arms 4816 are connected through the first track rods 4817, so that the two first trailer wheels 4201 can be driven to move synchronously and deflect.
Similarly, the second servo motor 4821 receives the steering input signal transmitted by the controller and outputs steering torque, the steering torque output by the second servo motor 4821 is transmitted to the second power transmission device through the second coupling shaft 4823, the second power transmission device outputs the rotating torque to drive the second power steering swing arm 4824 to swing, the second power steering swing arm 4824 transmits the rotating torque to the second trailer steering swing arm 4826 through the second longitudinal pull rod 4825, and the second trailer steering swing arm 4826 is fixedly connected with the second trailer wheels 4401 and the two second trailer steering swing arms 4826 are connected through the second transverse pull rod 4827, so that the two second trailer wheels 4401 can be driven to synchronously move and deflect.
With continued reference to fig. 16, the present embodiment further includes a first mounting seat 4818, where the first mounting seat 4818 is configured to be coupled to a first vehicle body; the first servomotor 4811 and the first power steering 4812 are both disposed on the first mount 4818. The first mounting seat 4818 is provided with a first limit switch 4819, and the first limit switch 4819 is arranged on one side of the first mounting seat 4818 facing the first track rod 4815. When the first track rod 4815 contacts the first limit switch 4819, the first limit switch 4819 generates a signal and feeds back to the controller, which will instruct the first power transmission to stop moving in that direction.
The present embodiment further includes a second mounting seat 4828, where the second mounting seat 4828 is used for connecting to a second vehicle body; the second servo motor 4821 and the second power steering 4822 are both disposed on the second mount 4828. The second mounting seat 4828 is provided with a second limit switch 4829, and the second limit switch 4829 is arranged on one side of the second mounting seat 4828 facing the second longitudinal pull rod 4825. When the second track rod 4825 contacts the second limit switch 4829, the second limit switch 4829 generates a signal and feeds back to the controller, and the controller sends out an instruction to stop the second power transmission to continue to act in the direction.
FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of an air spring assembly according to one embodiment of the present application; FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of an air spring according to an embodiment of the present application; shown in fig. 19 is a simplified schematic diagram of a lifting assembly provided in accordance with an embodiment of the application. Please refer to fig. 17-19. The trailer bogie 4 of the present embodiment is connected to the first and second vehicle bodies by secondary suspension devices provided at both ends of the first and second axles 42, 44.
Specifically, the secondary suspension device of the present embodiment includes an air spring 49 having a lifting function, where the air spring 49 is generally disposed below the vehicle body, and is used to provide vibration reduction for the vehicle body, and to reduce vertical vibration of the vehicle body, so as to improve comfort of passengers. The air spring 49 includes a sprung top cover 491, an air bladder 492, a flat rubber stack 495, and a lifting assembly; wherein, spring upper cover 491, gasbag 492 and dull and stereotyped rubber heap 495 are set gradually from top to bottom, and spring upper cover 491 is located air spring 49's top, and it not only is used for with automobile body fixed connection, but also can separate gasbag 492 and automobile body, reduces the risk that gasbag 492 leads to damaging because of the direct connection in the bottom of automobile body.
The top of the air bag 492 is connected with the sprung top cover plate 491 in a sealing way, the bottom of the air bag 492 is enclosed around the top of the flat rubber stack 495, and the air bag 492 is connected with the flat rubber stack 495 in a sealing way, namely, the air bag 492, the sprung top cover plate 491 and the flat rubber stack 495 enclose a sealing cavity, and air can be injected into the air bag 492 or released to adjust the elasticity of the air spring 49.
With continued reference to fig. 17 and 19, the lifting assembly is disposed in the sealed cavity and can serve as a lifting device between the vehicle body and the frame. The lifting assembly comprises a limit stop cover 493 and a limit stop 494, wherein the bottom of the limit stop cover 493 is covered and fixed on the flat rubber stack 495, and a gap is kept between the top of the limit stop cover 493 and the spring upper cover 491 so as to enable the vehicle body to vibrate up and down in operation. The limit stopper 494 comprises a limit stopper 4941 and a limit stopper connecting rod 4942, a through hole is arranged at the top of the limit stopper cover 493, and the through hole is in clearance fit with the limit stopper connecting rod 4942; one end of the limit stop connecting rod 4942 passes through the through hole to be connected with the spring upper cover plate 491, and the other end of the limit stop connecting rod 4942 extends into the limit stop cover 493 and is connected with the limit stop block 4941 positioned in the limit stop cover 493; if the limit stop connecting rod 4942 has a force for lifting or lowering the limit stop connecting rod, the limit stop block 4941 can move up and down in the limit stop cover 493.
It will be appreciated that the gap between the top of the limit stop cap 493 and the sprung top cover 491, the gap between the top of the limit stop cap 493 and the limit stop block 4941 needs to be greater than the vertical maximum displacement during normal operation of the vehicle, and the gap between the limit stop block 4941 and the flat rubber stack 495 needs to be greater than the gap between the top of the limit stop cap 493 and the sprung top cover 491, so that the air spring is prevented from contacting the limit stop block 4941 and the flat rubber stack 495 during normal operation.
When the limit stop connecting rod 4942 has the upward acting force, the limit stop block 4941 moves upwards in the limit stop cover 493, and the limit stop block 4941 can be abutted to the top of the limit stop cover 493 so as to transfer the acting force to the limit stop cover 493, and the acting force is transferred to the flat rubber stack 495 through the limit stop cover 493, so that the framework under the vehicle body can be lifted together with the vehicle body.
The air spring 49 provided in this embodiment sets the lifting assembly in the sealed cavity surrounded by the air bag 492, the spring upper cover plate 491 and the flat rubber stack 495, not only makes the air spring 49 have a vibration reduction function, but also uses the lifting assembly to connect the vehicle body with the flat rubber stack 495 in the air spring 49, and then connects the frame connected with the flat rubber stack 495 with the vehicle body, thereby realizing that a lifting device is arranged between the vehicle body and the frame, and further lifting the frame under the vehicle body along with the vehicle body.
With continued reference to fig. 17-19, the air spring 49 provided in this embodiment further includes a limit stop mounting plate 496, where the limit stop mounting plate 496 may be a rectangular plate. The limit stop mounting plate 496 is fixed on one side of the upper spring cover plate 491 facing the limit stop cover 493, the limit stop mounting plate 496 can be fixed on the upper spring cover plate 491 through bolts, and a gap is reserved between the limit stop mounting plate 496 and the limit stop cover 493 so as to meet the requirement of up-and-down vibration in the running of the vehicle body.
The limit stop mounting plate 496 may be used to fix the limit stop connecting rod 4942, where the limit stop mounting plate 496 is provided with a threaded hole, and an end of the limit stop connecting rod 4942 extending out of the limit stop cover 493 is threaded into the threaded hole, so as to fix the limit stop connecting rod 4942 to the limit stop mounting plate 496.
With continued reference to fig. 19, further, the other end of the limit stop connecting rod 4942 extends into the limit stop cover 493, and one end of the limit stop connecting rod 4942 located in the limit stop cover 493 is connected to the limit stop 4941 located in the limit stop cover 493. The limit stop cover 493 includes a stop cover body 4931, stop cover limit plates 4932 at two ends of the stop cover body 4931, and a stop cover mounting edge 4933; wherein, the bottom of the stop cover 4931 is provided with an opening, the opening is relatively arranged on the flat rubber stack 495, and the end surface of the opening is attached to the surface of the flat rubber stack 495, so that when the stop block 4941 moves vertically in the stop cover 493, the stop block 4941 passes through the opening and can be abutted to the flat rubber stack 495, so as to limit the stop block 4941, thereby limiting the oversized vertical downward displacement of the vehicle body and improving the driving safety of the vehicle.
A stopper cover mounting edge 4933 is provided along the circumferential direction of the bottom end opening of the stopper cover body 4931, the stopper cover mounting edge 4933 being located outside the stopper cover body 4931; the stopper cap mounting edge 4933 is used to secure the stopper cap body 4931 to the flat sheet rubber stack 495. For example, the stopper cover mounting edge 4933 may be formed by folding the bottom end of the stopper cover body 4931 outward, and the stopper cover mounting edge 4933 is provided with a bolt and is fixed on the flat rubber stack 495 by the bolt, so that the flat rubber stack 495 is attached and fixed with the stopper cover mounting edge 4933.
The top end of the stop cover 4931 is provided with a stop cover limiting plate 4932, and the stop cover limiting plate 4932 can be regarded as a bottom plate of the stop cover 4931, i.e. the stop cover 4931 and the stop cover limiting plate 4932 are of an integrated structure; or the top end of the stop cover body 4931 is provided with an opening, and a stop cover limiting plate 4932 for blocking the opening is arranged; in this embodiment, the stopper cover limiting plate 4932 and the stopper cover body 4931 are preferably integrally formed, so as to enhance the connection strength between the stopper cover body 4931 and the stopper cover limiting plate 4932. The stop cover limiting plate 4932 is provided with a through hole for the stop cover connecting rod 4942 to pass through, the through hole can be positioned at the center of the stop cover limiting plate 4932, and the through hole is in clearance fit with the stop cover connecting rod 4942, so that the stop cover connecting rod 4942 is inserted into the through hole and can vertically slide.
With continued reference to fig. 19, further, a limit stop block 4941 is disposed in the limit stop housing 4931, and the limit stop block 4941 is fixedly connected to one end of the limit stop connecting rod 4942. It is understood that the limit stop block 4941 and the limit stop connecting rod 4942 may be an integral structure to improve the connection strength between the limit stop connecting rod 4942 and the limit stop block 4941; the frame is prevented from being separated from the limit stop connecting rod 4942 and the limit stop block 4941 in the lifting process, so that the reliability in the lifting process is affected.
In order to improve the reliability of the lifting process, a first inclined plane is disposed at the connection between the stop cover limiting plate 4932 and the stop cover body 4931, and the first inclined plane is located at the inner side of the stop cover 493, i.e. the first inclined plane can be regarded as a part of the inner surface of the stop cover 493. The side of the limit stop block 4941 facing the limit plate 4932 of the limit cover is provided with a second inclined plane, the second inclined plane is matched with the first inclined plane, and when the limit stop block 4941 is lifted up and is abutted against the limit plate 4932 of the limit cover, the first inclined plane is attached to the second inclined plane; acting force acting between the first inclined plane and the second inclined plane can enable the first inclined plane and the second inclined plane to be better attached, and stability of the limit stop block 4941 and the limit stop cover 493 in the lifting process is improved.
In order to facilitate the mounting of the air spring 49 to the frame based on the above-described embodiments, the air spring 49 provided in this embodiment further includes an under-spring cover 497, the under-spring cover 497 being located on a side of the flat rubber stack 495 remote from the air bag 492, the under-spring cover 497 being bolted to the frame to mount the air spring 49 to the frame. It can be understood that the air spring 49 includes an upper spring cover 491, an air bag 492, a flat rubber stack 495 and a lower spring cover 497, which are sequentially arranged, and the upper spring cover 491, the air bag 492, the flat rubber stack 495 and the lower spring cover 497 form an integral structure, so that the structural strength of the air spring 49 and the tightness of the air bag 492 can be enhanced; at the same time, the mounting efficiency of the air spring 49 is also improved.
Further, the lower spring cover 497 is further provided with a positioning pin, and the positioning pin is located at one side of the lower spring cover 497 away from the flat rubber stack 495, and the positioning pin and the lower spring cover 497 can form an integrated structure, so as to enhance the connection strength between the lower spring cover 497 and the positioning pin. The frame is provided with a plug-in hole that mates with the locating pin, and when the locating pin is plugged into the plug-in hole of the frame, the spring lower cover plate 497 can be attached to the upper surface of the frame and fastened together by bolts. By the arrangement, the positioning precision between the air spring 49 and the framework can be improved, and the acting force of the air spring 49 can be vertically acted on the framework, so that the vibration reduction effect of the air spring 49 is ensured.
Example two
The embodiment provides a rubber tyer train, includes: the first car body and the second car body which are arranged opposite to the first car body are connected through the trailer bogie according to the first embodiment.
The rubber-tired train in the embodiment of the application can lead the first axle and the second axle to be close to the edge of the train end as the trailer bogie related to the first embodiment is connected with the adjacent first train body and the second train body, and the train end part no longer needs to design strong stress structures which adapt to traction force, braking force and the like, thereby reducing the design difficulty of the train end part; and meanwhile, the vehicle axle is prevented from occupying the usable space of passengers in the end area of the vehicle, and the low floor can be realized.
The first and second adjacent bodies are connected by the trailer bogie in the first embodiment, the through channel is arranged between the first and second bodies, the rotary support cover plate for limiting the rotation angle and displacement change of the through channel is arranged on the trailer bogie, two limit bosses are arranged on one side of the rotary support cover plate, facing the through channel, of the rotary support cover plate, and the two limit bosses form a limit space of the through channel, so that the through channel is embedded in the limit space, deformation displacement and rotation angle of the through channel can be limited, the deformation amount and the rotation angle of the through channel are prevented from being overlarge, and the comfort of passengers can be improved.
In addition, the rubber-tyred train of this embodiment is connected with the adjacent first car body and second car body through the trailer bogie of the first embodiment, so that the steering of the first trailer wheel and the second trailer wheel can be controlled relatively independently, thereby being beneficial to reducing the turning radius of the vehicle, being convenient for the driving of the vehicle and improving the flexibility of running on the urban road.

Claims (10)

1. The trailer bogie is characterized by comprising a first axle, a second axle, a frame and an air spring;
the first axle and the second axle are respectively provided with an air spring mounting seat, and the air springs are mounted on the first axle and the second axle through the air spring mounting seats;
the frame comprises a first frame body and a second frame body, wherein the first end of the first frame body is hinged with the first end of the second frame body, and the second end of the first frame body is connected with the first vehicle bridge;
The second end of the second frame body is connected with the second axle, and the second frame body rotate mutually;
The trailer bogie further comprises a slewing bearing;
The first frame body and the second frame body are rotationally connected through the rotary supporting device, and the rotary supporting device comprises a rotary supporting cover plate;
The rotary support cover plate is arranged at the top of the first frame body, two through channel limiting bosses are arranged on one side, away from the first frame body, of the rotary support cover plate, and a limiting space of a through channel is formed between the two through channel limiting bosses;
Wherein the rotary support cover plate is a round rotary support cover plate; a waterproof pad is arranged between the rotary support cover plate and the first frame body; an elastic pin is arranged between the rotary support cover plate and the first frame body; the elastic pin is positioned at one side of the through channel limiting boss far away from the through channel; the rotary support cover plate is provided with a withdrawal threaded hole penetrating through the rotary support cover plate, and the end part of the withdrawal threaded hole is provided with a sealing plug; the slewing bearing device also comprises a slewing bearing; the first frame body is connected with one side of the slewing bearing, and the second frame body is connected with the other side of the slewing bearing; a floating gap is arranged between the first frame body and the second frame body;
The rotary supporting device further comprises a frame buffer device, wherein the frame buffer device comprises a first buffer block mounting seat and a second buffer block mounting seat; the two sides of the first end of the first frame body are symmetrically provided with first buffer block mounting seats, and the first buffer block mounting seats are provided with first buffer blocks; second buffer block mounting seats are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the first end of the second frame body, and second buffer blocks are mounted on the second buffer mounting seats; when the first frame body and the second frame body relatively rotate, the first buffer block and the second buffer block which are positioned on the same side of the first frame body and the second frame body can be abutted;
The first frame body is provided with a first buffer seat mounting arm for mounting the first buffer seat, and the extending direction of the first buffer seat mounting arm is consistent with the rotating direction of the first frame body; the second frame body is provided with a second buffer seat mounting arm for mounting the second buffer seat, and the extending direction of the second buffer seat mounting arm is consistent with the rotating direction of the second frame body;
the air spring comprises a spring upper cover plate, an air bag, a flat rubber stack and a lifting assembly;
The air bag is respectively connected with the spring upper cover plate and the flat rubber stack, and the three are formed into a sealed cavity; the lifting assembly is arranged in the sealing cavity and comprises a limit stop cover and a limit stop piece, the bottom of the limit stop cover is covered on the flat rubber pile, and a gap is reserved between the top of the limit stop cover and the spring upper cover plate;
The limit stop piece comprises a limit stop connecting rod and a limit stop block positioned at one end of the limit stop connecting rod, a through hole is formed in the top of the limit stop cover, one end of the limit stop connecting rod, which is far away from the limit stop block, penetrates through the through hole and is connected with the upper spring cover plate, the limit stop block is positioned in the limit stop cover, moves in the limit stop cover, and can be abutted with the top of the limit stop cover and the flat plate rubber stack.
2. The trailer truck of claim 1 wherein said air spring further comprises a limit stop mounting plate;
The limit stop mounting plate is fixed on one side of the spring upper cover plate, which faces the limit stop cover;
the limit stop mounting plate is provided with a threaded hole for fixing the limit stop connecting rod, and one end, far away from the limit stop block, of the limit stop connecting rod is connected in the threaded hole.
3. The trailer bogie as recited in claim 1, wherein said limit stop housing comprises a stop housing body and stop housing limit plates and stop housing mounting edges at opposite ends of said stop housing body;
the stop cover body is provided with a bottom end opening and a top end opening, the stop cover mounting edge is circumferentially arranged along the bottom end opening and positioned at the outer side of the stop cover body, and the stop cover mounting edge is mounted on the flat rubber pile;
the stop cover limiting plate is installed at the top end opening, and the through hole is located on the stop cover limiting plate.
4. A trailer bogie as claimed in claim 3 wherein a first inclined surface is provided at the junction of the stop cap limiting plate and the stop cap body, the first inclined surface being located inboard of the stop cap;
A second inclined plane matched with the first inclined plane is arranged on one side of the limit stop block, which faces the limit plate of the stop cover; the first inclined surface can be abutted with the second inclined surface.
5. The trailer truck of claim 1 wherein said air spring further comprises an under-spring cover plate;
The lower spring cover plate is connected to one side, far away from the air bag, of the flat rubber stack and is used for being connected with a framework so as to fix the air spring on the framework.
6. The trailer truck of claim 5 wherein a locating pin is provided on a side of said undershot deck remote from said slab rubber stack;
the spring lower cover plate is inserted on the framework through the locating pin.
7. The trailer truck of claim 6 wherein said sprung deck, said air bags, said slab rubber stack, and said unsprung deck are of unitary construction.
8. The trailer truck of claim 1 wherein said limit stop connecting rod is of unitary construction with said limit stop block.
9. The trailer truck of claim 1 further comprising
A trailer towing apparatus for connecting a trailer bogie to a body end wall, comprising:
The two ends of the first traction components are respectively used for connecting a first vehicle bridge traction rod seat positioned on the trailer bogie and a first vehicle body traction rod seat positioned on the vehicle body; the first vehicle bridge traction rod seats are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the first vehicle body traction rod seats, and the first vehicle bridge traction rod seats and the first vehicle body traction rod seats are positioned on two sides of the vehicle body in the width direction;
Two second traction components, two ends of the second traction components are respectively used for connecting a second vehicle axle traction rod seat positioned on the trailer bogie and a second vehicle body traction rod seat positioned on the vehicle body; the second vehicle axle traction rod seat is positioned between the two first vehicle axle traction rod seats and is positioned between the two second vehicle axle traction rod seats in the width direction of the vehicle body, and the second vehicle axle traction rod seat is obliquely arranged towards the first vehicle axle traction rod seat adjacent to the second vehicle axle traction rod seat; the second vehicle body traction rod seat is arranged between the two first vehicle body traction rod seats, and the second vehicle body traction rod seat is obliquely arranged away from the first vehicle body traction rod seat adjacent to the second vehicle body traction rod seat; the two second traction components are obliquely arranged, and one ends of the two second traction components, which are connected with the trailer bogie, are positioned between the two second traction components and one ends of the vehicle body, which are connected with the vehicle body.
10. A rubber wheel train, comprising:
A first vehicle body;
A second body, disposed opposite said first body, said first body and said second body being connected by a trailer bogie as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.
CN202011406587.8A 2020-12-04 2020-12-04 Air spring with lifting function, trailer bogie and rubber wheel train Active CN112555321B (en)

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