CN112544815B - Feed for enhancing liver function of chickens and application of feed - Google Patents

Feed for enhancing liver function of chickens and application of feed Download PDF

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CN112544815B
CN112544815B CN202011361282.XA CN202011361282A CN112544815B CN 112544815 B CN112544815 B CN 112544815B CN 202011361282 A CN202011361282 A CN 202011361282A CN 112544815 B CN112544815 B CN 112544815B
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chickens
chicken
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CN112544815A (en
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易显凤
黄志朝
邓素媛
庞天德
陈冬冬
罗明智
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Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Institute of Animal Husbandry
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
    • A23K50/70—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for birds
    • A23K50/75—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for birds for poultry
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
    • A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
    • A23K10/12—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
    • A23K10/33—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from molasses
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
    • A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/174—Vitamins
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
    • A23K20/22—Compounds of alkali metals
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
    • Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
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Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of microbial diversity feed processing, in particular to a feed for enhancing liver function of chickens and application thereof, and the application discovers that the total phenol content in an extract can be effectively improved by carrying out extract research on leaves of the acacia senegal, and the application shows that the lactobacillus can secrete polyphenol substances by utilizing substrates under the stimulation of the acacia senegal, thereby increasing the total polyphenol content; the discovery effectively improves the application of the silver-leaf albizia julibrissin forage grass, improves the health care effect of the chicken feed, and has better safety and health care effect compared with the commercial functional feed because no other chemical synthetic medicine exists in the whole feed.

Description

Feed for enhancing liver function of chickens and application of feed
[ field of technology ]
The application relates to the technical field of microbial diversity feed processing, in particular to a feed for enhancing liver function of chickens and application thereof.
[ background Art ]
The chicken in the Jinling land is one of the special chicken breeds cultivated in Guangxi at present, the chicken breeds are delicious in taste, fine in meat quality and praised by people, the cultivation of the chicken breeds is still in a rough stage at present, and a farmer does not study the feed formula of the chicken breeds; in the breeding process of chickens of the variety, how to improve the immunity of chickens and enhance the liver functions of the chickens are widely studied by the current technicians in the field, the liver is an animal detoxification organ, the chicken is ill, the liver function enhancement can further enhance the immunity of the chickens, the chickens are ill, the application of various plant extracts in improving the liver functions of the chickens is not reported in the prior art, but the application of the extract of the acacia senegal is a common pasture in Guangxi, if the extract of the acacia senegal can be utilized, the utilization rate and the economic value of the pasture can be greatly improved, in experiments, the applicant finds that the influence of different plants on the liver functions of the animals is different, and the different programs in the feed preparation process of the extract of the different plants also cause the difference in effect.
[ application ]
The application aims to provide a feed for enhancing liver function of chickens and application thereof.
The feed for enhancing liver function of chickens comprises 2-10% of acacia senegal extract by weight percent.
Further, the feed also comprises a basic feed, wherein the basic feed comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 60% of corn flour, 2% of molasses, 20% of soybean meal, 15% of rice bran, 1% of soybean oil, 0.5% of lysine hydrochloride, 0.5% of threonine, 0.5% of methionine, 0.1% of salt and 0.4% of vitamin D.
Further, the extraction method of the acacia senegal extract comprises the following steps: mixing the leaf of Lepium Lepisiformis with boiling water at a solid-liquid mass ratio of 1:10, adding zeolite, boiling for 30min, centrifuging at room temperature, filtering, removing filtrate, and freeze drying.
Furthermore, the leaf of the acacia senegal is a fresh leaf, and is subjected to fermentation treatment before being mixed with boiling water, and the treatment method comprises the following steps: will 10 9 Inoculating cfu/g lactobacillus into MRS liquid culture medium according to an inoculum size of 5% and activating for 24 hours; the activated lactic acid bacteria with MRS liquid medium were then inoculated into mashed fresh leaves of Acacia farnesiana at an inoculum size of 10% and fermented for 48h.
Further, the leaf of the acacia senegal is a sun-dried leaf.
The application also comprises a method for preparing the feed for enhancing liver function of chickens, which comprises the following steps: mixing the Acacia senega extract with basic feed, and fermenting.
The application also comprises application of the feed for enhancing liver function of chickens in improving immunity of chickens.
The application has the following beneficial effects:
according to the application, through research on extracts of the leaves of the acacia senegal, various different extraction experiments finally find that the total phenol content in the extracts can be effectively improved by using lactic acid bacteria for pre-fermentation and then extraction, which shows that the lactic acid bacteria can secrete polyphenol substances under the stimulation of the acacia senegal by using substrates, so that the total polyphenol content is increased, and through feeding experiments, the effects of effectively improving chicken immunity and enhancing chicken liver function can be achieved by adopting the mixed fermentation of the extracts and basic feed, and the optimal addition amount of the acacia senegal is 4% -8%; the discovery effectively improves the application of the silver albizia julibrissin forage grass, further increases the added value of the silver albizia julibrissin forage grass, improves the health care effect of the chicken feed, and meanwhile, the whole feed has no other chemical synthetic medicines, and compared with the commercial functional feed, the silver albizia julibrissin forage grass has better safety and health care effect.
[ detailed description ] of the application
All of the features disclosed in this specification, or all of the steps in a method or process disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except for mutually exclusive features and/or steps.
Any feature disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract) may be provided with respect to each feature disclosed herein, unless otherwise indicated, as an example of a generic series of equivalent or similar features.
Example 1:
the embodiment analyzes the polyphenol content extracted by different extraction methods of the acacia senegal:
extraction method 1: mixing fresh leaves of Acacia farnesiana with boiling water according to a solid-liquid mass ratio of 1:10, adding zeolite, boiling for 30min, centrifuging at room temperature, filtering, removing filtrate, and freeze-drying to obtain Acacia farnesiana extract;
extraction method 2: sun drying leaves of Acacia senna, mixing with boiling water at a solid-liquid mass ratio of 1:10, boiling for 30min, centrifuging at room temperature, filtering, removing filtrate, and freeze drying to obtain Acacia senna extract;
extraction method 3: the extraction method of the acacia senegal extract comprises the following steps: sun drying leaves of Acacia senna, mixing with boiling water at a solid-liquid mass ratio of 1:10, adding zeolite, boiling for 30min, centrifuging at room temperature, filtering, removing filtrate, and freeze drying to obtain Acacia senna extract.
Extraction method 4: will 10 9 Inoculating cfu/g lactobacillus into MRS liquid culture medium according to an inoculum size of 5% and activating for 24 hours; then inoculating activated lactobacillus with MRS liquid culture medium into mashed fresh leaf of Leucopiae herba according to 10% inoculum size, fermenting for 48 hr, mixing with boiling water at a solid-liquid mass ratio of 1:10, adding zeolite, boiling for 30min, centrifuging at room temperature, filtering, removing filtrate, and lyophilizing to obtain Acacia parviflora extract.
Extraction method 5: will 10 9 Inoculating cfu/g lactobacillus into MRS liquid culture medium according to an inoculum size of 5% and activating for 24 hours; then inoculating activated lactobacillus with MRS liquid culture medium into mashed and sun-dried leaf of Leucopiae herba according to 10% of inoculation amount, fermenting for 48h, mixing with boiling water at a solid-liquid mass ratio of 1:10, adding zeolite, boiling for 30min, centrifuging at room temperature, filtering, removing filtrate, and lyophilizing to obtain Acacia parviflora extract.
Extraction method 6: mashing fresh leaves of the acacia senegal, mixing with 50% ethanol according to a solid-liquid ratio of 1:10, and heating in a water bath at 70 ℃ for 48h.
The extraction was performed according to the above method, and the total phenol content in the extract was preliminarily measured and compared after the extraction, specifically as shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 polyphenol content in Acacia faba extract
Characteristics of Method 1 Method 2 Method 3 Method 4 Method 5 Method 6
Total phenol (mg/g) 19.74 18.75 31.17 40.20 31.42 30.51
As can be seen from Table 1, in the extraction method, the total phenol content is sequentially from high to low as method 4 > method 3. Apprxeq. Method 5. Apprxeq. Method 6 > method 2. Apprxeq. Method 1; method 3 > method 1, thus demonstrating that total phenol content increases after the acacia senegal is sun-dried, which is likely to be that cells are more easily broken after the acacia senegal is sun-dried and their cell contents are more easily released; the total phenol content of method 4 is higher than that of method 5, and the total phenol content of method 5 is higher than that of method 1, thus indicating that the lactobacillus can ferment by using fresh acacia senegal as a substrate, but it is difficult to use dry acacia senegal as a substrate, secondary metabolites in cells are further released after fermentation, and the acacia senegal can stimulate the lactobacillus to produce extracellular products, so that phenolic substances are also released, and the phenolic substances are enriched; the method 3 has similar phenolic substance content as the method 5, so that the lactobacillus is difficult to utilize the sun-dried small leaf of the acacia, and the lactobacillus fermentation of the sun-dried small leaf of the acacia cannot effectively promote the propagation of the lactobacillus, so that the lactobacillus cannot be promoted to generate phenolic secondary metabolites by utilizing substrate fermentation; the extraction amount of method 6 is not much different from that of method 3, which means that the total phenols are not much different from that of the extraction by adopting the organic solvent.
Example 2:
preparation of chicken feed with extract of example 1 feeding experiments were performed and blood sampling test:
the extract of example 1 was used to prepare the corresponding chicken feed, as follows:
basal feed: 60% of corn flour, 2% of molasses, 20% of soybean meal, 15% of rice bran, 1% of soybean oil, 0.5% of lysine hydrochloride, 0.5% of threonine, 0.5% of methionine, 0.1% of salt and 0.4% of vitamin D.
The adding method of the extract A (marked as FA), wherein the adding time of the extract is before the fermentation of the basic feed, namely after the addition of the extract, the extract is mixed and fermented with the basic feed, and the adding amount is respectively 0%, 2%, 4%, 8% and 10% of the mass of the basic feed; the fermentation temperature is 37 ℃ and the fermentation time is 48 hours.
The adding method of the extract B (marked as FB) is that the extract is directly added after the fermentation of the basic feed is finished, and the adding amount of the extract is respectively 0%, 2%, 4%, 8% and 10% of the mass of the basic feed; the fermentation temperature is 37 ℃ and the fermentation time is 48 hours.
The extract was obtained by the extraction method 4 of example 1.
Feeding experiment 1:
the test is carried out in a chicken farm of Guangxi livestock research institute, and chickens with the age of 60 days are selected, and the variety is the chicken in the Jinling soil.
Chickens 240 feathers with similar weights are randomly divided into 5 groups, 4 repeats are arranged in each group, 12 feather chickens are repeated, and 3 feather chickens are raised in each cage. Pre-test period 7d, test formal period 60d. Cage culture, free feeding and drinking, natural illumination, environment humidity of about 65%, good ventilation and cleanness and sanitation maintenance.
The chicken feed is produced by adopting the FA treatment method.
The feeding method comprises the following steps: after the experimental period is over, taking blood from chickens in 0 percent of the addition group (namely a control group), 2 percent of the addition group, 4 percent of the addition group, 8 percent of the addition group, 10 percent of the addition group and the control group, respectively taking blood from 2 hens which are close to average weight by adopting chicken wing veins, mixing the blood samples, centrifuging to prepare serum, and detecting the serum; the kit used for serum detection was purchased from: guangxi nan Ning Hongtang Biotechnology Co. The results are shown in Table 2:
table 2 influence of each experimental group FA on serum Biochemical index of the chicken in the Jinling province
Group of 0％ 2％ 4％ 8％ 10％
Total bilirubin (umol/l) 9.2 6.0 3.1 2.1 3.6
Direct bilirubin (umol/l) 0.6 0 0 0 0
Indirect bilirubin (umol/l) 8.6 6.0 3.1 2.1 3.6
Total protein (g/l) 58 59 80 87 61
Albumin (g/l) 22 19 20 22 18
Globulin (g/l) 36 40 60 65 43
White ball ratio 0.61 0.48 0.33 0.34 0.42
Alanine aminotransferase (U/l) 21.02 22.32 23.41 22.42 23.14
Aspartate aminotransferase (U/l) 186 178 190 183 190
Glutamyl transferase (U/l) 32 12 9 6 13
Alkaline phosphatase (U/l) 2594 564 423 325 524
Total bile acid (umol/l) 10.2 3.9 24.6 7.7 6
Cholinesterase (U/l) 1572 2321 2314 1379 2062
Urea nitrogen (mmol/l) 0.22 0.17 0.52 0.02 0.33
Creatinine (umol/l) 9 9 10 10 10
Uric acid (umol/l) 286 179 257 208 140
As can be seen from table 2, the extract of acacia senegal has irregular effects on the total bile acid, cholinesterase, urea nitrogen, creatinine and uric acid of the chicken in the jungle soil, but the above changes are all within the reference values, so that the applicant considers that the extract of acacia senegal is added into the feed, has little effect on the nutrition metabolism level in the feed, whereas 0% (control group) bilirubin content is higher than 2% -10%, alkaline phosphatase content is higher than 2% -10%, thus indicating that the extract of acacia senegal has great effect on the liver of the chicken, and the use of 2% -10% extract of acacia senegal in the feed has the effect of enhancing the liver function of the chicken in the jungle soil, mainly due to phenolic substances in the acacia senegal, and has the effect of improving the liver function; in the comparison process, the albumin content of each test group is not obviously different from that of 0 percent (control group), but the globulin content is increased from that of 0 percent (control group); the white ball ratio of 0% (control group) is far higher than that of 2% -10%, so that the immunity of the Jinling local chickens can be improved after the extract of the acacia senegal is added; from the above results, it was revealed that the immunity enhancing effect and the liver function enhancing effect are most remarkable at the addition amount of the acacia senegal of 4% -8%, thereby indicating that when the extract is excessively added, it is possible to damage liver cells, thereby reducing the immunity effect and the liver function enhancing effect.
Feeding experiment 2: the treatment method of FB is adopted to produce chicken feed, the experimental grouping, feeding and sampling methods are completely consistent with feeding experiment 1, and the results are shown in Table 3:
table 3 FB Effect of each experimental group on serum Biochemical index of the chicken in the Jinling province
From table 3, it is shown that the effect trend of the acacia senegal extract on liver and immunity after fermentation is consistent with the trend of table 2, and it is shown that the acacia senegal extract after fermentation can enhance liver function and improve immunity, but from the comparison of numerical values, the immunity effect and the liver function enhancing effect are weaker than those of the acacia senegal extract before fermentation, so that the acacia senegal extract before fermentation is fermented together with the substrate, and the chicken immunity effect and liver function enhancing effect can be promoted, probably because substances such as flavone and the like are increased by promoting the growth of microorganism of the fermentation substrate in the extract, and the liver function of chicken can be enhanced. However, the specific mechanism still needs further research and verification, and the discovery of the application is helpful for further improving the process steps and making the feed effect better when the extract feed additive is produced in the future.
In conclusion, the acacia senegal extract disclosed by the application is applied to chicken feeds, can effectively improve chicken immunity and enhance liver functions of chickens, and meanwhile, can be found in experiments, and is more suitable for mixed fermentation of chicken feeds, and the optimal addition amount is 4% -8%.
The foregoing description is directed to the preferred embodiments of the present application, but the embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the application, and all equivalent changes or modifications that can be made under the technical spirit of the present application shall fall within the scope of the application.

Claims (2)

1. The application of the feed for enhancing the liver function of chickens in improving the immunity of chickens is characterized in that the feed comprises 2-10% of acacia senegal extract by weight percent;
the feed also comprises a basic feed, wherein the basic feed comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 60% of corn flour, 2% of molasses, 20% of soybean meal, 15% of rice bran, 1% of soybean oil, 0.5% of lysine hydrochloride, 0.5% of threonine, 0.5% of methionine, 0.1% of salt and 0.4% of vitamin D;
the extraction method of the acacia senegal extract comprises the following steps: will 10 9 Inoculating cfu/g lactobacillus into MRS liquid culture medium according to an inoculum size of 5% and activating for 24 hours; then inoculating activated lactobacillus with MRS liquid culture medium into mashed fresh leaf of Leucopiae herba according to 10% inoculum size, fermenting for 48 hr, mixing with boiling water at a solid-liquid mass ratio of 1:10, adding zeolite, boiling for 30min, centrifuging at room temperature, filtering, removing filtrate, and freeze drying to obtain herba Lepis Lepisiformis extract;
the chicken variety is a Jinling local item chicken.
2. A method for preparing the feed for enhancing liver function of chickens according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps: mixing the Acacia senega extract with basic feed, and fermenting.
CN202011361282.XA 2020-11-27 2020-11-27 Feed for enhancing liver function of chickens and application of feed Active CN112544815B (en)

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