CN112543155A - Pilot insertion method, system and medium for physical resource block - Google Patents
Pilot insertion method, system and medium for physical resource block Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a pilot frequency insertion method, a system and a medium of a physical resource block, which are characterized by comprising the following steps: pilot signal parameter design step: designing a discrete pilot frequency domain interval Df according to the maximum delay of a communication system and the frequency domain interval of subcarriers, designing a discrete pilot frequency time domain interval Dt according to the maximum Doppler shift of the communication system and the duration of an OFDM symbol, carrying out combined design on the designed Df and Dt to obtain the combination of the Df and the Dt, and calculating an equilibrium interval and pilot signal overhead according to the obtained combination of the Df and the Dt; pilot signal insertion step: and inserting pilot signals from the frequency domain at the same frequency domain interval for each sub-frame in the physical resource block according to the calculated balance interval and the pilot signal overhead. By adopting the technical scheme of the invention, the large multipath time delay expansion can be resisted, and the stable receiving under the MPMT and HPHT scenes is supported.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of communication channel estimation technologies, and in particular, to a pilot insertion method, system, and medium for a physical resource block. In particular, the present invention relates to a Reference Signal (RS) insertion method suitable for use in a rootop reception mode of an LTE communication system, and in particular, to a pilot insertion method for a physical resource block.
Background
The performance of a wireless communication system is greatly affected by a wireless channel, and in order to accurately recover a transmission signal at a receiving end, various measures are taken to counteract the influence of multipath effects on a transmission signal, which requires channel parameter estimation. The realization of the channel estimation technology needs to know the information of the wireless channel and whether the detailed channel information can be obtained, so that the transmitting signal is correctly demodulated at a receiving end, which is an important index for measuring the performance of a wireless communication system.
The reference signal is a "pilot" signal and is a known signal provided by the transmitting end to the receiving end, so that the receiving end can determine how the communication channel is to de-bit the data by comparing the decoded received reference signal with a predefined reference signal. The process by which the receiver performs the comparison and calculates the characteristics of the communication channel is known as "channel estimation".
In addition, the reference signal can also be used for channel sounding, and provides a reference for resource scheduling of the evolved node. That is, in a specific time, a specific frequency region with better quality is preferentially allocated to a specific user equipment, so that the service quality of the user equipment is better guaranteed.
The reference signals are carried by a plurality of specific resource elements in each slot, and the positions of the resource elements are specifically determined by the antenna configuration. The channel estimation performance is related to the density of reference signals inserted in time and frequency domains, and how to find the balance between the channel estimation performance and the reference signal overhead is always a problem for reference signal design, namely, good channel estimation performance can be obtained in a typical frequency selective fading channel, and the overhead can be controlled at a low level.
Patent document CN101958866B (application number: 200910161315.3) discloses a pilot insertion method and a pilot insertion module, the pilot insertion method including: pilot frequency symbols are inserted into at least two positions in the sub-carriers of the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing signals, each position at least comprises two pilot frequency sub-carriers, and each position is discontinuous.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a pilot frequency insertion method of a physical resource block. The invention provides a pilot frequency insertion method suitable for a physical resource block in a Roofop receiving mode of an LTE (Long term evolution) communication system, which is used for meeting the requirements of a channel model which needs to support larger path delay and stable receiving in the scene of supporting MPMT (multi-path modulation) and HPHT (high throughput high speed) in the LTE communication system.
The pilot frequency inserting method of the physical resource block provided by the invention is characterized by comprising the following steps:
pilot signal parameter design step: designing a discrete pilot frequency domain interval Df according to the maximum delay of a communication system and the frequency domain interval of subcarriers, designing a discrete pilot frequency time domain interval Dt according to the maximum Doppler shift of the communication system and the duration of an OFDM symbol, carrying out combined design on the designed Df and Dt to obtain the combination of the Df and the Dt, and calculating an equilibrium interval and pilot signal overhead according to the obtained combination of the Df and the Dt;
pilot signal insertion step: and inserting pilot signals from the frequency domain at the same frequency domain interval for each sub-frame in the physical resource block according to the calculated balance interval and the pilot signal overhead.
Preferably, the pilot signal parameter designing step:
discrete pilot frequency domain interval design step: designing a discrete pilot frequency domain interval Df according to the maximum delay of a communication system and the frequency domain interval of subcarriers, namely determining the Df range by the following formula:
Df≤(4τmaxΔf)-1
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
τmaxrepresents the maximum delay of the communication system;
Δ f denotes a frequency domain interval of the subcarriers;
a discrete pilot frequency time domain interval design step: dt is designed according to the maximum doppler shift of the communication system and the duration of the OFDM symbol, i.e. Dt range is determined by the following formula:
Dt≤(4fdTs)-1
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
fdrepresents the maximum doppler shift of the communication system;
Tsrepresents the duration of an OFDM symbol;
a step of combined design: according to the principle of staggered design of pilot signals in a frequency domain, performing combined design on the designed Df and Dt, namely, performing permutation and combination on feasible values of Dt and Df to obtain a plurality of combinations of Df and Dt;
and an insertion parameter calculation step: the equalization interval and pilot signal overhead are calculated for the combination of the obtained Df and Dt.
Preferably, the equalization interval is calculated by dividing the symbol interval by Df
Preferably, the pilot signal insertion step comprises any one or more of:
in each sub-frame, 1 pilot signal is inserted at the frequency domain interval of every 2 or 3 sub-carriers, and the frequency domain positions of the inserted pilot signals in each sub-frame are the same;
in each sub-frame, 1 pilot signal is inserted every 3 frequency domain intervals of the sub-carriers, and the inserted pilot signals have the offset of the frequency domain intervals of the 2 sub-carriers between the frequency domain positions in the adjacent sub-frames;
in each sub-frame, 1 pilot signal is inserted every 5 sub-carrier frequency domain intervals, and the inserted pilot signals have the frequency domain interval offset of 3 sub-carriers between the frequency domain positions in the adjacent sub-frames;
in each of the sub-frames, 1 pilot signal is inserted every 2 frequency domain intervals of the sub-carriers, the inserted pilot signals having an offset of 1 frequency domain interval of the sub-carriers between frequency domain positions in adjacent sub-frames.
Preferably, the subframe contains only one OFDM symbol.
The pilot frequency inserting system of the physical resource block provided by the invention comprises the following components:
pilot signal parameter design module: designing a discrete pilot frequency domain interval Df according to the maximum delay of a communication system and the frequency domain interval of subcarriers, designing a discrete pilot frequency time domain interval Dt according to the maximum Doppler shift of the communication system and the duration of an OFDM symbol, carrying out combined design on the designed Df and Dt to obtain the combination of the Df and the Dt, and calculating an equilibrium interval and pilot signal overhead according to the obtained combination of the Df and the Dt;
a pilot signal insertion module: and inserting pilot signals from the frequency domain at the same frequency domain interval for each sub-frame in the physical resource block according to the calculated balance interval and the pilot signal overhead.
Preferably, the pilot signal parameter design module:
discrete pilot frequency domain interval design module: designing a discrete pilot frequency domain interval Df according to the maximum delay of a communication system and the frequency domain interval of subcarriers, namely determining the Df range by the following formula:
Df≤(4τmaxΔf)-1
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
τmaxrepresents the maximum delay of the communication system;
Δ f denotes a frequency domain interval of the subcarriers;
a scattered pilot time domain interval design module: dt is designed according to the maximum doppler shift of the communication system and the duration of the OFDM symbol, i.e. Dt range is determined by the following formula:
Dt≤(4fdTs)-1
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
fdrepresents the maximum doppler shift of the communication system;
Tsrepresents the duration of an OFDM symbol;
a combined design module: according to the principle of staggered design of pilot signals in a frequency domain, performing combined design on the designed Df and Dt, namely, performing permutation and combination on feasible values of Dt and Df to obtain a plurality of combinations of Df and Dt;
an insertion parameter calculation module: the equalization interval and pilot signal overhead are calculated for the combination of the obtained Df and Dt.
Preferably, the equalization interval is calculated by dividing the symbol interval by Df
Preferably, the pilot signal insertion module comprises any one or more of:
in each sub-frame, 1 pilot signal is inserted at the frequency domain interval of every 2 or 3 sub-carriers, and the frequency domain positions of the inserted pilot signals in each sub-frame are the same;
in each sub-frame, 1 pilot signal is inserted every 3 frequency domain intervals of the sub-carriers, and the inserted pilot signals have the offset of the frequency domain intervals of the 2 sub-carriers between the frequency domain positions in the adjacent sub-frames;
in each sub-frame, 1 pilot signal is inserted every 5 sub-carrier frequency domain intervals, and the inserted pilot signals have the frequency domain interval offset of 3 sub-carriers between the frequency domain positions in the adjacent sub-frames;
in each sub-frame, 1 pilot signal is inserted every 2 frequency domain intervals of the sub-carriers, and the inserted pilot signals have the offset of the frequency domain intervals of the 1 sub-carriers between the frequency domain positions in the adjacent sub-frames;
the subframe contains only one OFDM symbol.
According to the present invention, there is provided a computer readable storage medium storing a computer program, wherein the computer program is configured to implement the steps of the method for pilot insertion of physical resource blocks described in any one of the above when executed by a processor.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the technical scheme of the invention is designed for stable soft op reception in MPMT and HPHT modes, and can support a channel model with larger multi-path delay, resist larger multi-path delay expansion and support the application scene of Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Service (MBMS).
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural combination diagram of a physical resource block including a pilot signal.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that it would be obvious to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. All falling within the scope of the present invention.
The pilot frequency inserting method of the physical resource block provided by the invention is characterized by comprising the following steps:
pilot signal parameter design step: designing a discrete pilot frequency domain interval Df according to the maximum delay of a communication system and the frequency domain interval of subcarriers, designing a discrete pilot frequency time domain interval Dt according to the maximum Doppler shift of the communication system and the duration of an OFDM symbol, carrying out combined design on the designed Df and Dt to obtain the combination of the Df and the Dt, and calculating an equilibrium interval and pilot signal overhead according to the obtained combination of the Df and the Dt;
pilot signal insertion step: and inserting pilot signals from the frequency domain at the same frequency domain interval for each sub-frame in the physical resource block according to the calculated balance interval and the pilot signal overhead.
Preferably, the pilot signal parameter designing step:
discrete pilot frequency domain interval design step: designing a discrete pilot frequency domain interval Df according to the maximum delay of a communication system and the frequency domain interval of subcarriers, namely determining the Df range by the following formula:
Df≤(4τmaxΔf)-1
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
τmaxrepresents the maximum delay of the communication system;
Δ f denotes a frequency domain interval of the subcarriers;
a discrete pilot frequency time domain interval design step: dt is designed according to the maximum doppler shift of the communication system and the duration of the OFDM symbol, i.e. Dt range is determined by the following formula:
Dt≤(4fdTs)-1
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
fdrepresents the maximum doppler shift of the communication system;
Tsrepresents the duration of an OFDM symbol;
a step of combined design: according to the principle of staggered design of pilot signals in a frequency domain, performing combined design on the designed Df and Dt, namely, performing permutation and combination on feasible values of Dt and Df to obtain a plurality of combinations of Df and Dt;
and an insertion parameter calculation step: the equalization interval and pilot signal overhead are calculated for the combination of the obtained Df and Dt.
Preferably, the equalization interval is calculated by dividing the symbol interval by Df
Preferably, the pilot signal insertion step comprises any one or more of:
in each sub-frame, 1 pilot signal is inserted at the frequency domain interval of every 2 or 3 sub-carriers, and the frequency domain positions of the inserted pilot signals in each sub-frame are the same;
in each sub-frame, 1 pilot signal is inserted every 3 frequency domain intervals of the sub-carriers, and the inserted pilot signals have the offset of the frequency domain intervals of the 2 sub-carriers between the frequency domain positions in the adjacent sub-frames;
in each sub-frame, 1 pilot signal is inserted every 5 sub-carrier frequency domain intervals, and the inserted pilot signals have the frequency domain interval offset of 3 sub-carriers between the frequency domain positions in the adjacent sub-frames;
in each of the sub-frames, 1 pilot signal is inserted every 2 frequency domain intervals of the sub-carriers, the inserted pilot signals having an offset of 1 frequency domain interval of the sub-carriers between frequency domain positions in adjacent sub-frames.
Preferably, the subframe contains only one OFDM symbol.
The system provided by the invention can be realized by the steps and the flows of the method provided by the invention. The person skilled in the art will understand the method as a preferred example of the system.
The pilot frequency inserting system of the physical resource block provided by the invention comprises the following components:
pilot signal parameter design module: designing a discrete pilot frequency domain interval Df according to the maximum delay of a communication system and the frequency domain interval of subcarriers, designing a discrete pilot frequency time domain interval Dt according to the maximum Doppler shift of the communication system and the duration of an OFDM symbol, carrying out combined design on the designed Df and Dt to obtain the combination of the Df and the Dt, and calculating an equilibrium interval and pilot signal overhead according to the obtained combination of the Df and the Dt;
a pilot signal insertion module: and inserting pilot signals from the frequency domain at the same frequency domain interval for each sub-frame in the physical resource block according to the calculated balance interval and the pilot signal overhead.
Preferably, the pilot signal parameter design module:
discrete pilot frequency domain interval design module: designing a discrete pilot frequency domain interval Df according to the maximum delay of a communication system and the frequency domain interval of subcarriers, namely determining the Df range by the following formula:
Df≤(4τmaxΔf)-1
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
τmaxrepresents the maximum delay of the communication system;
Δ f denotes a frequency domain interval of the subcarriers;
a scattered pilot time domain interval design module: dt is designed according to the maximum doppler shift of the communication system and the duration of the OFDM symbol, i.e. Dt range is determined by the following formula:
Dt≤(4fdTs)-1
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
fdrepresents the maximum doppler shift of the communication system;
Tsrepresents the duration of an OFDM symbol;
a combined design module: according to the principle of staggered design of pilot signals in a frequency domain, performing combined design on the designed Df and Dt, namely, performing permutation and combination on feasible values of Dt and Df to obtain a plurality of combinations of Df and Dt;
an insertion parameter calculation module: the equalization interval and pilot signal overhead are calculated for the combination of the obtained Df and Dt.
Preferably, the equalization interval is calculated by dividing the symbol interval by Df
Preferably, the pilot signal insertion module comprises any one or more of:
in each sub-frame, 1 pilot signal is inserted at the frequency domain interval of every 2 or 3 sub-carriers, and the frequency domain positions of the inserted pilot signals in each sub-frame are the same;
in each sub-frame, 1 pilot signal is inserted every 3 frequency domain intervals of the sub-carriers, and the inserted pilot signals have the offset of the frequency domain intervals of the 2 sub-carriers between the frequency domain positions in the adjacent sub-frames;
in each sub-frame, 1 pilot signal is inserted every 5 sub-carrier frequency domain intervals, and the inserted pilot signals have the frequency domain interval offset of 3 sub-carriers between the frequency domain positions in the adjacent sub-frames;
in each sub-frame, 1 pilot signal is inserted every 2 frequency domain intervals of the sub-carriers, and the inserted pilot signals have the offset of the frequency domain intervals of the 1 sub-carriers between the frequency domain positions in the adjacent sub-frames;
the subframe contains only one OFDM symbol.
According to the present invention, there is provided a computer readable storage medium storing a computer program, wherein the computer program is configured to implement the steps of the method for pilot insertion of physical resource blocks described in any one of the above when executed by a processor.
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by combining the drawings and the preferred examples as follows:
preferred example 1:
the invention relates to a pilot signal (reference signal, RS) inserting method of a Physical Resource Block (PRB), wherein the Physical Resource Block (PRB) consists of subframes in a time domain and subcarriers in a frequency domain. The subframe only contains one OFDM symbol, the subframe length of the applicable physical resource block is 3 milliseconds (ms), the frequency domain interval of the subcarrier is 0.37kHz or 0.417kHz, the length of a Cyclic Prefix (CP) of the OFDM symbol is 300 microseconds (μ s), the length of a symbol interval is 2700 microseconds (μ s) or the length of the Cyclic Prefix (CP) is 386 microseconds (μ s), the length of the symbol interval is 2400 microseconds (μ s), a gap of 214 microseconds (μ s) also exists in one subframe, and the channel model is a channel with multipath delay 35(μ s).
In OFDM symbol, the discrete pilot frequency inserts the pilot signal (reference signal, RS) according to the value and combination of Df and Dt, Df represents the frequency domain interval of discrete pilot frequency, Dt represents the time domain interval of discrete pilot frequency, and different insertion methods of pilot signal (reference signal, RS) can be generated by designing different Df and Dt and their combination.
The designing of Df and Dt includes the following steps:
designing Df according to the maximum delay of a communication system and the frequency domain interval of subcarriers; from formula Df≤(4τmaxΔf)-1Determining a Df range;
designing Dt according to the maximum Doppler shift of the communication system and the duration of the OFDM symbol; from formula Dt≤(4fdTs)-1Determining a Dt range;
step three, according to the principle that a pilot signal (i.e. a reference signal, RS) is designed in a staggered manner in a frequency domain, the Df and Dt designed in step one and step two are designed in a combined manner, wherein the combined design refers to permutation and combination of feasible values of Dt and Df, such as Df being 3, Dt being 1, Df being 2, Dt being 2, and the like;
and step four, combining different Df and Dt, and calculating an Equalization Interval (EI) and Reference Signal (RS) overhead. The equalization interval is calculated as the value of the symbol interval divided by Df, if the symbol interval is 2700us and Df is 3, the equalization interval is 900.
The method for designing Df and Dt is to calculate Df and Dt according to the maximum delay of the communication system, the subcarrier spacing, the maximum doppler frequency domain of the system, the duration of the OFDM symbol, and the like after determining application scene parameters according to the Cyclic Prefix (CP) of the OFDM symbol, the duration of the OFDM symbol, the frequency domain spacing of the subcarriers, and the like, and further calculate the overhead duty ratio of the Equalization Interval (EI) and the pilot signal (i.e., reference signal, RS). The subcarrier spacing is the frequency domain spacing of the subcarriers.
The present invention inserts pilot signals from the frequency domain at the same frequency domain interval for each sub-frame in a physical resource block.
As shown in (a) - (e) of fig. 1, the pilot structure of one Physical Resource Block (PRB) after pilot insertion in the present invention includes subframes numbered 0, 1, and … … in the time domain (horizontal direction); a Physical Resource Block (PRB) is composed of subcarriers whose numbers K are 0, K are 1, and … … in the frequency domain (vertical direction).
As shown in fig. 1(a), when pilot signals are inserted, reference symbols are inserted every 2 frequency domain intervals of subcarriers in the OFDM symbols of each subframe, and the frequency domain positions of the inserted pilot signals in each subframe are the same. In a finally formed Physical Resource Block (PRB), a pilot interval on a time domain is 1, and is a difference value of adjacent subframe numbers with the same structure; the pilot interval in the frequency domain is 3, which is the difference in the numbers of adjacent inserted pilot signals in the frequency domain.
As shown in fig. 1(b), when pilot signals are inserted, reference symbols are inserted in the OFDM symbols of each sub-frame at intervals of the frequency domain of 3 sub-carriers, and the frequency domain positions of the inserted pilot signals in each sub-frame are the same. In a finally formed Physical Resource Block (PRB), a pilot interval on a time domain is 1, and is a difference value of adjacent subframe numbers with the same structure; the pilot spacing in the frequency domain is 4, which is the difference in the numbers of adjacent inserted pilot signals in the frequency domain.
As shown in fig. 1(c), when pilot signals are inserted, reference symbols are inserted every 3-subcarrier frequency domain interval in the OFDM symbol of each subframe, and the frequency domain positions of the inserted pilot signals in adjacent subframes have an offset of 2-subcarrier frequency domain interval. In the finally formed Physical Resource Block (PRB), the pilot interval in the time domain is 2, which is the difference between the numbers of adjacent subframes of the same structure, i.e. there are 2 subframes of different structures; the pilot interval in the frequency domain is 2, which is the difference of the numbers of the adjacent inserted pilot signals in the frequency domain, and the adjacent inserted pilot signals in the frequency domain are on different sub-frames.
As shown in fig. 1(d), when pilot signals are inserted, reference symbols are inserted every 5-subcarrier frequency domain interval in the OFDM symbol of each subframe, and the frequency domain positions of the inserted pilot signals in adjacent subframes have an offset of 3-subcarrier frequency domain interval. In the finally formed Physical Resource Block (PRB), the pilot interval in the time domain is 2, which is the difference between the numbers of adjacent subframes of the same structure, i.e. there are 2 subframes of different structures; the pilot spacing in the frequency domain is 3, which is the difference in the numbers of adjacent inserted pilot signals in the frequency domain, which are located on different subframes.
As shown in fig. 1(e), when pilot signals are inserted, reference symbols are inserted every 2-subcarrier frequency domain interval in the OFDM symbol of each subframe, and the frequency domain positions of the inserted pilot signals in adjacent subframes have an offset of 1-subcarrier frequency domain interval. In the finally formed Physical Resource Block (PRB), the pilot interval in the time domain is 3, which is the difference between the numbers of adjacent subframes of the same structure, i.e. there are subframes of 3 different structures; the pilot interval in the frequency domain is 1, which is the difference of the numbers of the adjacent inserted pilot signals in the frequency domain, and the adjacent inserted pilot signals in the frequency domain are on different sub-frames.
In the above method for inserting the pilot signal, in order to demodulate the downlink control signal as early as possible in the time domain, the first reference symbol needs to be advanced as much as possible; in order to effectively support multi-antenna parallel transmission in the future, the reference signals are staggered in the frequency domain. The pilot signal insertion method can support the channel model with larger multipath time delay and stable transmission in the MPMT/HPHT mode, and is suitable for the LTE-based 5G broadcast mode scene.
In order to transmit the physical resource block generated by the pilot frequency inserting method, the invention also designs a method for transmitting the downlink pilot frequency in the wireless communication system, which comprises the following steps:
step one, when adopting the pilot signal insertion method as shown in fig. 1(a), the base station sends pilot on the downlink sub-frame numbers 0 and 1, and inserts reference signals every 2 sub-carriers;
step two, when the pilot signal inserting method shown in fig. 1(b) is adopted, the base station sends pilot on the downlink subframe numbers 0 and 1, and inserts reference signals every 3 subcarriers;
step three, when the pilot signal inserting method shown in fig. 1(c) is adopted, the base station sends pilot on the numbers 0 and 1 of the downlink sub-frames, inserts reference signals every third sub-carrier, and shifts the positions of the sub-carriers by 2 at the position of the 2 nd sub-frame;
step four, when the pilot signal inserting method shown in fig. 1(d) is adopted, the base station sends pilot on the numbers 0 and 1 of the downlink sub-frames, inserts reference signals every five sub-carriers, and shifts the positions of the sub-carriers by 3 at the position of the 2 nd sub-frame;
step five, when adopting the pilot signal insertion method as shown in fig. 1(e), the base station sends pilot on the downlink sub-frame numbers 0, 1 and 2, inserts reference signals every two sub-carriers, shifts the sub-carrier positions by 1 at the 2 nd sub-frame, and shifts the sub-carrier positions by 1 at the 3 rd sub-frame;
and step six, aiming at the pilot signal insertion method, according to the physical position index of the reference signal, inserting scattered point data at the position of the reference signal by adopting a linear insertion interpolation mode, and sending a message.
Based on the above proposed pilot signal inserting and transmitting method, the method comprises the following steps:
step one, taking link level simulation as background, adjusting the pilot frequency insertion mode of the downlink according to the pilot frequency signal insertion method shown in fig. 1;
step two, setting a channel model as a channel model with multipath delay of 35 mu s, and verifying the performance of a physical resource block structure generated by the pilot signal insertion method, wherein the user moving speed is 0;
and step three, when the pilot signal inserting method in the figure 1 is adopted, the transmission is carried out according to the transmission mode corresponding to the corresponding physical resource block structure.
According to the pilot signal inserting method, a certain amount of known data (pilot frequency) is inserted into the transmitted frame information at the transmitting end, so that when the receiving end carries out channel estimation, the received actual pilot signal is divided by the known transmitted pilot frequency symbol at the frequency domain according to a least square algorithm, and the response of the whole channel is estimated through the sampling value of the channel response at the known point, namely, the channel estimation is realized through the pilot frequency information.
According to the pilot frequency inserting method of the physical resource block, the physical resource block is composed of sub-frames in a time domain and sub-carriers in a frequency domain respectively, and the pilot frequency signals are inserted from the frequency domain at the same frequency domain interval aiming at each sub-frame in the physical resource block, so that the requirement of a channel model supporting larger multi-path time delay in an LTE communication system can be met, and the requirement of stable transmission of user equipment in MPMT and HPHT modes can also be met.
Preferred example 2:
a pilot insertion method of a physical resource block consisting of sub-frames in a time domain and sub-carriers in a frequency domain, characterized in that pilot signals are inserted from the frequency domain at the same frequency domain interval for each sub-frame in the physical resource block.
And in each sub-frame, 1 pilot signal is inserted at the frequency domain interval of 2 or 3 sub-carriers, and the frequency domain positions of the inserted pilot signals in each sub-frame are the same.
In each of the sub-frames, 1 pilot signal is inserted every 3 frequency domain intervals of the sub-carriers, the inserted pilot signals having an offset of 2 frequency domain intervals of the sub-carriers between frequency domain positions in adjacent sub-frames.
In each of the sub-frames, 1 pilot signal is inserted every 5 sub-carrier frequency domain intervals, the inserted pilot signals having an offset of 3 sub-carrier frequency domain intervals between frequency domain positions in adjacent sub-frames.
In each of the sub-frames, 1 pilot signal is inserted every 2 frequency domain intervals of the sub-carriers, the inserted pilot signals having an offset of 1 frequency domain interval of the sub-carriers between frequency domain positions in adjacent sub-frames.
The subframe contains only one OFDM symbol.
The length of the cyclic prefix of the OFDM symbol is 300 microseconds, and the symbol interval is 2700 microseconds; or the length of the cyclic prefix of the OFDM symbol is 386 microseconds, and the symbol interval is 2400 microseconds.
In the frequency domain, the frequency domain interval of 1 subcarrier is 0.37kHz or 0.417 kHz.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that, in addition to implementing the systems, apparatus, and various modules thereof provided by the present invention in purely computer readable program code, the same procedures can be implemented entirely by logically programming method steps such that the systems, apparatus, and various modules thereof are provided in the form of logic gates, switches, application specific integrated circuits, programmable logic controllers, embedded microcontrollers and the like. Therefore, the system, the device and the modules thereof provided by the present invention can be considered as a hardware component, and the modules included in the system, the device and the modules thereof for implementing various programs can also be considered as structures in the hardware component; modules for performing various functions may also be considered to be both software programs for performing the methods and structures within hardware components.
The foregoing description of specific embodiments of the present invention has been presented. It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and that various changes or modifications may be made by one skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of the invention. The embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other arbitrarily without conflict.
Claims (10)
1. A pilot insertion method for a physical resource block, comprising:
pilot signal parameter design step: designing a discrete pilot frequency domain interval Df according to the maximum delay of a communication system and the frequency domain interval of subcarriers, designing a discrete pilot frequency time domain interval Dt according to the maximum Doppler shift of the communication system and the duration of an OFDM symbol, carrying out combined design on the designed Df and Dt to obtain the combination of the Df and the Dt, and calculating an equilibrium interval and pilot signal overhead according to the obtained combination of the Df and the Dt;
pilot signal insertion step: and inserting pilot signals from the frequency domain at the same frequency domain interval for each sub-frame in the physical resource block according to the calculated balance interval and the pilot signal overhead.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the pilot signal parameter designing step comprises:
discrete pilot frequency domain interval design step: designing a discrete pilot frequency domain interval Df according to the maximum delay of a communication system and the frequency domain interval of subcarriers, namely determining the Df range by the following formula:
Df≤(4τmaxΔf)-1
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
τmaxrepresents the maximum delay of the communication system;
Δ f denotes a frequency domain interval of the subcarriers;
a discrete pilot frequency time domain interval design step: dt is designed according to the maximum doppler shift of the communication system and the duration of the OFDM symbol, i.e. Dt range is determined by the following formula:
Dt≤(4fdTs)-1
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
fdrepresents the maximum doppler shift of the communication system;
Tsrepresenting OFDM symbolsThe duration of (d);
a step of combined design: according to the principle of staggered design of pilot signals in a frequency domain, performing combined design on the designed Df and Dt, namely, performing permutation and combination on feasible values of Dt and Df to obtain a plurality of combinations of Df and Dt;
and an insertion parameter calculation step: the equalization interval and pilot signal overhead are calculated for the combination of the obtained Df and Dt.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the equalization interval is calculated as a value of a symbol interval divided by Df.
4. The pilot insertion method of physical resource block according to claim 1, wherein the pilot signal insertion step comprises any one or more of:
in each sub-frame, 1 pilot signal is inserted at the frequency domain interval of every 2 or 3 sub-carriers, and the frequency domain positions of the inserted pilot signals in each sub-frame are the same;
in each sub-frame, 1 pilot signal is inserted every 3 frequency domain intervals of the sub-carriers, and the inserted pilot signals have the offset of the frequency domain intervals of the 2 sub-carriers between the frequency domain positions in the adjacent sub-frames;
in each sub-frame, 1 pilot signal is inserted every 5 sub-carrier frequency domain intervals, and the inserted pilot signals have the frequency domain interval offset of 3 sub-carriers between the frequency domain positions in the adjacent sub-frames;
in each of the sub-frames, 1 pilot signal is inserted every 2 frequency domain intervals of the sub-carriers, the inserted pilot signals having an offset of 1 frequency domain interval of the sub-carriers between frequency domain positions in adjacent sub-frames.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the sub-frame comprises only one OFDM symbol.
6. A system for pilot insertion in a physical resource block, comprising:
pilot signal parameter design module: designing a discrete pilot frequency domain interval Df according to the maximum delay of a communication system and the frequency domain interval of subcarriers, designing a discrete pilot frequency time domain interval Dt according to the maximum Doppler shift of the communication system and the duration of an OFDM symbol, carrying out combined design on the designed Df and Dt to obtain the combination of the Df and the Dt, and calculating an equilibrium interval and pilot signal overhead according to the obtained combination of the Df and the Dt;
a pilot signal insertion module: and inserting pilot signals from the frequency domain at the same frequency domain interval for each sub-frame in the physical resource block according to the calculated balance interval and the pilot signal overhead.
7. The pilot insertion system for physical resource blocks of claim 6, wherein said pilot signal parameter design module:
discrete pilot frequency domain interval design module: designing a discrete pilot frequency domain interval Df according to the maximum delay of a communication system and the frequency domain interval of subcarriers, namely determining the Df range by the following formula:
Df≤(4τmaxΔf)-1
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
τmaxrepresents the maximum delay of the communication system;
Δ f denotes a frequency domain interval of the subcarriers;
a scattered pilot time domain interval design module: dt is designed according to the maximum doppler shift of the communication system and the duration of the OFDM symbol, i.e. Dt range is determined by the following formula:
Dt≤(4fdTs)-1
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
fdrepresents the maximum doppler shift of the communication system;
Tsrepresents the duration of an OFDM symbol;
a combined design module: according to the principle of staggered design of pilot signals in a frequency domain, performing combined design on the designed Df and Dt, namely, performing permutation and combination on feasible values of Dt and Df to obtain a plurality of combinations of Df and Dt;
an insertion parameter calculation module: the equalization interval and pilot signal overhead are calculated for the combination of the obtained Df and Dt.
8. The system of claim 7, wherein the equalization interval is calculated as a value of a symbol interval divided by Df.
9. The pilot insertion system for physical resource blocks according to claim 6, wherein said pilot signal insertion module comprises any one or more of the following:
in each sub-frame, 1 pilot signal is inserted at the frequency domain interval of every 2 or 3 sub-carriers, and the frequency domain positions of the inserted pilot signals in each sub-frame are the same;
in each sub-frame, 1 pilot signal is inserted every 3 frequency domain intervals of the sub-carriers, and the inserted pilot signals have the offset of the frequency domain intervals of the 2 sub-carriers between the frequency domain positions in the adjacent sub-frames;
in each sub-frame, 1 pilot signal is inserted every 5 sub-carrier frequency domain intervals, and the inserted pilot signals have the frequency domain interval offset of 3 sub-carriers between the frequency domain positions in the adjacent sub-frames;
in each sub-frame, 1 pilot signal is inserted every 2 frequency domain intervals of the sub-carriers, and the inserted pilot signals have the offset of the frequency domain intervals of the 1 sub-carriers between the frequency domain positions in the adjacent sub-frames;
the subframe contains only one OFDM symbol.
10. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method for pilot insertion of physical resource blocks of any one of claims 1 to 5.
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