CN112542037A - Digital meter reading communication system - Google Patents
Digital meter reading communication system Download PDFInfo
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- CN112542037A CN112542037A CN202011541394.3A CN202011541394A CN112542037A CN 112542037 A CN112542037 A CN 112542037A CN 202011541394 A CN202011541394 A CN 202011541394A CN 112542037 A CN112542037 A CN 112542037A
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- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 122
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
- G08C19/00—Electric signal transmission systems
- G08C19/02—Electric signal transmission systems in which the signal transmitted is magnitude of current or voltage
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
- H04L12/40—Bus networks
- H04L12/40169—Flexible bus arrangements
- H04L12/40176—Flexible bus arrangements involving redundancy
- H04L12/40195—Flexible bus arrangements involving redundancy by using a plurality of nodes
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
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- Arrangements For Transmission Of Measured Signals (AREA)
- Cable Transmission Systems, Equalization Of Radio And Reduction Of Echo (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a digital meter reading communication system, which comprises a main device and a bus connected with the main device, wherein at least one slave device is hung on the bus, and the bus comprises a low-voltage communication line, a low-voltage power supply line and a ground wire; the slave device is provided with a communication interface, a power supply interface and a comparison unit, wherein one input end of the communication interface and the comparison unit is electrically connected with a low-voltage communication line, the power supply interface is electrically connected with a low-voltage power supply line and a ground wire, the other input end of the comparison unit is used for inputting judgment voltage, and the output end of the comparison unit is electrically connected with the slave device. The digital meter reading communication system provided by the invention has the advantages of simple structure of the slave equipment end and low overall power consumption of the system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of meter reading communication, in particular to a digital meter reading communication system.
Background
For a long time, domestic instruments such as electric energy meters and heat energy meters are all induction type mechanical instruments, and the original mode of manual meter reading has to be adopted to obtain instrument data, wherein the electric energy meters are the most prominent. With the rapid development of national economy in China, the living standard of people is increasingly improved, the complete set rate and commercialization of residences are continuously expanded, and the requirements of residents on the surrounding environment of the residences, the management quality of property departments, the service level of public utilities and the like are increasingly high. The traditional manual home-entry meter reading mode is not suitable for social development, and is increasingly obvious, the meter reading is difficult to enter a home, a plurality of door locks are provided, the labor intensity is high, the efficiency is low, the social problems are complex, the contradiction is large, and the like, so that great troubles are caused to both the user and the public service department.
In recent years, with the rapid development of information technology, new smart meters represented by smart meters have come into operation, and the collection of meter data is being changed from a manual meter reading mode to an automatic and remote meter reading mode. Currently, meter-bus (M-bus) is commonly used for remote meter reading.
The M-bus uses two wires for communication, but the voltage amplitude on the bus is high, up to 42V, and the slave devices need to obtain power supply from the M-bus and receive communication signals. This results in the slave device end needing to be powered or receiving signals from the slave device after power conversion, which makes the slave device end complex in structure and also results in higher power consumption.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a digital meter reading communication system, which is simple in structure at a slave device end and low in overall power consumption of the system.
The technical scheme adopted by the digital meter reading communication system disclosed by the invention is as follows:
a digital meter reading communication system comprises a master device and a bus connected with the master device, wherein at least one slave device is hung on the bus, and the bus comprises a low-voltage communication line, a low-voltage power supply line and a ground line; the slave equipment is provided with a communication interface, a power supply interface and a comparison unit, wherein one input end of the communication interface and the comparison unit is electrically connected with a low-voltage communication line, the power supply interface is electrically connected with a low-voltage power supply line and a ground line, the other input end of the comparison unit is used for inputting judgment voltage, the judgment voltage is set according to the power supply voltage and the line length of the low-voltage communication line, and the output end of the comparison unit is electrically connected with the slave equipment.
Preferably, the main device is provided with a communication conversion unit, and the communication conversion unit is used for converting externally input signals into communication signals and outputting the communication signals to the low-voltage communication line, and converting the communication signals input by the low-voltage communication line into externally output signals.
Preferably, the communication conversion unit includes a first comparator and a second comparator, one input terminal of the first comparator is used for inputting an external signal, the other input terminal of the first comparator is used for inputting a first reference voltage, an output terminal of the first comparator is electrically connected with the low-voltage communication line, one input terminal of the second comparator is electrically connected with the low-voltage communication line, the other input terminal of the second comparator is used for inputting a second reference voltage, and an output terminal of the second comparator is used for connecting with the outside.
Preferably, the communication conversion unit further includes a reference voltage circuit, the reference voltage circuit includes a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, and a sixth resistor, one end of the first resistor, one end of the second resistor, and one end of the third resistor are electrically connected, the other end of the first resistor is connected to the power supply terminal, the other end of the second resistor is grounded, the other end of the third resistor is used to output a first reference voltage, one end of the fourth resistor, one end of the fifth resistor, and one end of the sixth resistor are electrically connected, the other end of the fourth resistor is connected to the power supply terminal, the other end of the fifth resistor is grounded, and the other end of the sixth resistor is used to output a second reference voltage.
Preferably, the low-voltage communication line and the output end of the second comparator are both provided with pull-up resistors.
Preferably, the low-voltage communication line and the low-voltage power supply line have the same supply voltage, and the decision voltage is provided by the low-voltage power supply line.
Preferably, the comparison unit includes a third comparator, and a seventh resistor and an eighth resistor having the same resistance, one end of the seventh resistor and the eighth resistor is connected to the low-voltage power supply line after being connected in series, the other end of the seventh resistor and the eighth resistor are grounded, one of the input ends of the third comparator is electrically connected to the low-voltage communication line, and the other input end of the third comparator is electrically connected between the seventh resistor and the eighth resistor.
Preferably, the slave device comprises a single chip microcomputer, the communication interface and the power supply interface are respectively and electrically connected with the single chip microcomputer, and the comparison unit is arranged in or outside the single chip microcomputer.
The digital meter reading communication system disclosed by the invention has the beneficial effects that: the master device directly transmits data with the slave device through a low-voltage communication line, and directly supplies power to the slave device through a low-voltage power supply line. The power supply and the communication of the slave equipment are separated, and low voltage is used, so that the structure of the slave equipment is simple, and the overall power consumption of the system is low. And the comparison unit compares the communication signal on the low-voltage communication line with the decision voltage after the communication signal is input, and outputs a high level if the communication signal is higher than the decision voltage, otherwise outputs a low level, and the high level and the low level can be directly identified by the slave equipment. The attenuated communication signals can be restored through the judgment voltage comparison unit, and the communication requirements are met.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a digital meter reading communication system of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of a communication conversion unit of the digital meter reading communication system of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of another implementation structure of the digital meter reading communication system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further elucidated and described with reference to the embodiments and drawings of the specification:
referring to fig. 1, the digital meter reading communication system includes a master device, and a bus connected to the master device, on which at least one slave device is mounted, and the bus includes a low voltage communication line, a low voltage power supply line, and a ground line.
The slave device is provided with a communication interface, a power supply interface and a comparison unit. One input end of the communication interface and one input end of the comparison unit are electrically connected with the low-voltage communication line respectively, the power supply interface is electrically connected with the low-voltage power supply line and the ground wire respectively, and the other input end of the comparison unit is used for inputting judgment voltage. The decision voltage is set according to the power supply voltage of the low-voltage communication line and the line length, and the output end of the comparison unit is electrically connected with the slave device.
The master device directly transmits data with the slave device through a low-voltage communication line, and directly supplies power to the slave device through a low-voltage power supply line. The power supply and the communication of the slave equipment are separated, and low voltage is used, so that the structure of the slave equipment is simple. And the comparison unit compares the communication signal on the low-voltage communication line with the decision voltage after the communication signal is input, and outputs a high level if the communication signal is higher than the decision voltage, otherwise outputs a low level, and the high level and the low level can be directly identified by the slave equipment. The attenuated communication signals can be restored through the judgment voltage comparison unit, and the communication requirements are met.
The main equipment is provided with a communication conversion unit which is used for converting externally input signals into communication signals and outputting the communication signals to the low-voltage communication line, and converting the communication signals input by the low-voltage communication line into externally output signals. The master device needs to continuously transmit the data uploaded by the slave device to the upper level, receive the control information sent by the upper level and send the control information to the corresponding slave device, and the master device is used as an intermediate device, so that the communication mode needs to be converted.
Referring to fig. 2, in the present embodiment, the communication conversion unit includes a first comparator and a second comparator. One input end of the first comparator is used for inputting an external signal, the other input end of the first comparator is used for inputting a first reference voltage, and the output end of the first comparator is electrically connected with the low-voltage communication line. One input end of the second comparator is electrically connected with the low-voltage communication line, the other input end of the second comparator is used for inputting a second reference voltage, and the output end of the second comparator is used for being connected with the outside. The first comparator compares the external signal voltage with a first reference voltage and outputs a high level or a low level to the low-voltage communication line. The second comparator compares the signal voltage of the low-voltage communication line with a second reference voltage and outputs a high level or a low level to the outside. The conversion between the three-wire communication of the low-voltage communication wire, the low-voltage power supply wire and the ground wire and the standard four-wire UART communication is realized through the first comparator and the second comparator. And in the conversion process, the first comparator and the second comparator can regenerate the communication signal, so that the interference in the transmission process of the communication signal is eliminated.
In this embodiment, the communication converting unit further includes a reference voltage circuit, and the reference voltage circuit includes a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, and a sixth resistor. One end of the first resistor, one end of the second resistor and one end of the third resistor are electrically connected, the other end of the first resistor is connected with a power supply end, the other end of the second resistor is grounded, and the other end of the third resistor is used for outputting a first reference voltage. One end of the fourth resistor, one end of the fifth resistor and one end of the sixth resistor are electrically connected, the other end of the fourth resistor is connected with a power supply end, the other end of the fifth resistor is grounded, and the other end of the sixth resistor is used for outputting a second reference voltage. The first reference voltage is provided by the divided voltage of the first resistor, the second resistor and the third resistor, and the second reference voltage is provided by the divided voltage of the fourth resistor, the fifth resistor and the sixth resistor, wherein the second reference voltage can be consistent with the decision voltage.
And pull-up resistors are arranged on the low-voltage communication line and the output end of the second comparator. The output end of the second comparator and the output end of the low-voltage communication line are both OC gate outputs, so that a pull-up resistor needs to be connected to ensure that the low-voltage communication line is at a high level normally.
Referring to fig. 3, in another embodiment, the supply voltages of the low voltage communication line and the low voltage power supply line are the same, and the decision voltage is provided by the low voltage power supply line. In this embodiment, the low-voltage communication line and the low-voltage power supply line are both low-voltage power supplies, for example, 3.6V can be supplied by a battery. When the low-voltage communication line is used for communication, the voltage amplitude of a communication signal of the low-voltage communication line has line loss, so that when the slave device end is used for signal judgment, the judgment voltage is uncertain, and the correct receiving of the slave device on the communication signal is influenced. In this embodiment, the supply voltage of low pressure communication line and low voltage power supply line is the same, and the line loss is also unanimous, consequently provides the judgement voltage through the low voltage power supply line, can guarantee that judgement voltage and communication signal's line loss is unanimous to make the slave unit can correctly receive communication signal.
Specifically, the comparison unit comprises a third comparator, a seventh resistor and an eighth resistor which have the same resistance, one end of the seventh resistor and one end of the eighth resistor are connected with the low-voltage power supply line after being connected in series, and the other end of the seventh resistor and the eighth resistor are grounded. One input end of the third comparator is electrically connected with the low-voltage communication line, and the other input end of the third comparator is electrically connected between the seventh resistor and the eighth resistor. In this embodiment, the decision voltage is half of the supply voltage, that is, the voltage is divided by the seventh resistor and the eighth resistor having the same resistance.
The slave equipment comprises a single chip microcomputer, the communication interface and the power supply interface are respectively and electrically connected with the single chip microcomputer, and the comparison unit is arranged in the single chip microcomputer. The slave equipment end can receive communication signals through the single chip microcomputer, acquire electric meter data and upload the electric meter data to the master equipment. The single chip microcomputer is provided with a communication interface and a power supply interface and is respectively connected with the bus, and the comparison unit can be a comparator externally arranged on the single chip microcomputer or a comparator internally arranged on the single chip microcomputer.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and not for limiting the protection scope of the present invention, although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A digital meter reading communication system is characterized by comprising a master device and a bus connected with the master device, wherein at least one slave device is hung on the bus, and the bus comprises a low-voltage communication line, a low-voltage power supply line and a ground wire;
the slave device is provided with a communication interface, a power supply interface and a comparison unit, wherein one input end of the communication interface and the comparison unit is electrically connected with a low-voltage communication line, the power supply interface is electrically connected with a low-voltage power supply line and a ground wire, the other input end of the comparison unit is used for inputting judgment voltage, and the output end of the comparison unit is electrically connected with the slave device.
2. The digital meter reading communication system according to claim 1, wherein the main device is provided with a communication converting unit for converting an externally input signal into a communication signal and outputting the communication signal to the low voltage communication line, and converting the communication signal input from the low voltage communication line into an externally output signal.
3. The digital meter reading communication system according to claim 2, wherein the communication conversion unit includes a first comparator and a second comparator, one input terminal of the first comparator is used for inputting an external signal, the other input terminal of the first comparator is used for inputting a first reference voltage, an output terminal of the first comparator is electrically connected to the low-voltage communication line, one input terminal of the second comparator is electrically connected to the low-voltage communication line, the other input terminal of the second comparator is used for inputting a second reference voltage, and an output terminal of the second comparator is used for connecting to the outside.
4. The digital meter reading communication system according to claim 3, wherein the communication conversion unit further comprises a reference voltage circuit, the reference voltage circuit comprises a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor and a sixth resistor, one end of the first resistor, one end of the second resistor and one end of the third resistor are electrically connected, the other power end of the first resistor is connected with the power end, the other end of the second resistor is grounded, the other end of the third resistor is used for outputting the first reference voltage, one end of the fourth resistor, one end of the fifth resistor and one end of the sixth resistor are electrically connected, the other end of the fourth resistor is connected with the power end, the other end of the fifth resistor is grounded, and the other end of the sixth resistor is used for outputting the second reference voltage.
5. The digital meter reading communication system according to claim 3, wherein the low voltage communication line and the output terminal of the second comparator are provided with pull-up resistors.
6. The digital meter reading communication system of claim 1, wherein the low voltage communication line and the low voltage power supply line have the same supply voltage, and the decision voltage is provided by the low voltage power supply line.
7. The digital meter reading communication system of claim 6, wherein the comparison unit comprises a third comparator, and a seventh resistor and an eighth resistor with the same resistance, wherein one end of the seventh resistor and the eighth resistor is connected to a low voltage power supply line after being connected in series, the other end of the seventh resistor and the eighth resistor are grounded, one input end of the third comparator is electrically connected to the low voltage power supply line, and the other input end of the third comparator is electrically connected between the seventh resistor and the eighth resistor.
8. The digital meter reading communication system according to claim 1, wherein the slave device includes a single chip microcomputer, the communication interface and the power supply interface are electrically connected to the single chip microcomputer, respectively, and the comparison unit is built-in or external to the single chip microcomputer.
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| CN202011541394.3A CN112542037B (en) | 2020-12-23 | 2020-12-23 | Digital meter reading communication system |
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