CN112540241A - Non-linear compensation system and method for electric field intensity measurement - Google Patents
Non-linear compensation system and method for electric field intensity measurement Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of power measurement, in particular to a nonlinear compensation system for electric field intensity measurement, which comprises: the electric field unit is used for acquiring the electric field intensity around the high-voltage transmission line in real time; the temperature and humidity unit is used for acquiring the temperature and the humidity around the high-voltage transmission line in real time; the storage unit is used for storing voltage values and corresponding electric field strengths of a plurality of groups of inspection points measured under different air humidities; the main control unit is used for accurately calculating the electric field intensity by utilizing the electric field intensity, temperature and humidity through a nonlinear algorithm to obtain the corrected electric field intensity; and an output unit for outputting the corrected electric field intensity. The invention compensates the electric field intensity through the nonlinear algorithm, and solves the technical problem that the measured value can not be accurately corrected near the critical point of the electric field intensity in the prior art.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power measurement, in particular to a nonlinear compensation system and method for electric field intensity measurement.
Background
In order to ensure the safety and reliability of the power system, the transmission line needs to be effectively monitored in real time to obtain the electric field strength. However, both the current research and the actual measurement show that the electric field intensity is greatly influenced by the air humidity, and when the humidity reaches 90%, the measured value displayed by the capacitive electric field measuring device can even reach 2-3 times of the actual value due to the increase of leakage current. Therefore, in order to obtain a true electric field level, the measurement results need to be calibrated.
For example, document CN109239473A discloses a humidity influence correction method for a power frequency electric field measurement apparatus, which includes the steps of: placing the power frequency electric field measuring device and the bracket together in a power frequency electric field generating device in a closed space with continuously adjustable temperature and humidity, adjusting the humidity at constant temperature to obtain the influence rule of the humidity change on the power frequency electric field measuring device, and calculating to obtain a corresponding humidity correction coefficient; and then carrying out numerical value fitting according to the humidity correction coefficients at different temperatures to obtain a corresponding correction function, and carrying out numerical value correction according to the reading of the power frequency electric field measuring device in actual measurement and the correction function.
Since the ambient humidity affects the accuracy of the measurement of the electric field strength in two ways, i.e. in addition to the measured value output by the sensor, the electric field distribution around the transmission line is also changed. In actual measurement, the electric field strength of 2.5kv/m and 8kv/m are found as critical points: at 2.5kv/m or less and 8kv/m or more, the voltage increases relatively slowly with the increase of the electric field strength. This is because there is an upper limit to the ability of a fixed capacitor to induce charge, and in the process of approaching the limit, its ability to collect charge becomes weaker and the voltage rises slowly with increasing electric field strength. That is, in the vicinity of the critical point of the electric field strength, the measurement value cannot be corrected accurately by the conventional fitting method.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a nonlinear compensation system for measuring electric field intensity, which solves the technical problem that the measured value cannot be accurately corrected near the critical point of the electric field intensity in the prior art.
The basic scheme provided by the invention is as follows: a non-linearity compensation system for electric field strength measurements, comprising:
the electric field unit is used for acquiring the electric field intensity around the high-voltage transmission line in real time;
the temperature and humidity unit is used for acquiring the temperature and the humidity around the high-voltage transmission line in real time;
the storage unit is used for storing voltage values and corresponding electric field strengths of a plurality of groups of inspection points measured under different air humidities;
the main control unit is used for accurately calculating the electric field intensity by utilizing the electric field intensity, the temperature and the humidity through a nonlinear algorithm to obtain the corrected electric field intensity:
extracting voltage values and corresponding electric field intensities of a plurality of groups of inspection points measured under different air humidity;
fitting a curve of the voltage value and the corresponding electric field intensity under each humidity;
comparing the relative humidity h to obtain a comparison resultjAnd hj+1Middle, i.e. hj<h<hj+1At h inj、hj+1Linear interpolation method is used for solving output voltage corresponding to actual air humidity h on two curves
As follows below, the following description will be given,
in the formula of Ui,jAnd Ui,j+1For two standard values, m voltage output values are calculated according to the above formula, i.e.
Obtaining a fitting curve of the voltage value U and the corresponding electric field intensity E when the air humidity is h;
the actual voltage value U and the obtained m voltage values are compared
Comparing to find out
So that
And linear interpolation is used in this interval, i.e. according to the following formula,
namely, the corrected electric field intensity corresponding to the actual voltage value U is obtained;
and an output unit for outputting the corrected electric field intensity.
The working principle and the advantages of the invention are as follows: the humidity of the environment affects the accuracy of the electric field strength measurement from two aspects, and on one hand, the humidity of the environment affects the output voltage value of the sensor; secondly, the humidity of the environment changes the electric field distribution around the transmission line. The electric field intensity is compensated through a nonlinear algorithm, and the electric field intensity is accurately calculated by utilizing the electric field intensity, the temperature and the humidity to obtain the corrected electric field intensity. By the method, even in the vicinity of the critical point of the electric field intensity, the measured value can be accurately corrected, so that the alarm accuracy is improved.
The invention compensates the electric field intensity through the nonlinear algorithm, and solves the technical problem that the measured value can not be accurately corrected near the critical point of the electric field intensity in the prior art.
Further, when the main control unit fits a curve of the voltage value and the corresponding field strength under each humidity, a piecewise fitting mode is adopted, which specifically comprises the following steps:
if the electric field intensity is less than or equal to the first threshold value, or the electric field intensity is greater than or equal to the second threshold value, fitting by adopting a least square method;
if the first threshold value is not more than the electric field intensity and not more than the second threshold value, fitting by adopting a Newton difference value;
the first threshold is less than the second threshold.
Has the advantages that: because the voltage rises and slows down along with the increase of the electric field intensity in the process of approaching the limit, the curve is fitted in such a way, so that the fitted curve can be smoother; meanwhile, Newton difference value fitting is adopted in the middle section, so that the calculation amount can be reduced, and the fitting precision can not be influenced.
Furthermore, the main control unit is also used for carrying out correctness detection on the electric field intensity, the temperature and the humidity, judging whether the magnitude order of the electric field intensity, the temperature and the humidity meets the requirement or not, and rejecting data of which the magnitude order does not meet the requirement in the electric field intensity, the temperature and the humidity.
Has the advantages that: if the magnitude of the electric field intensity is not in accordance with the magnitude of the temperature and the humidity, for example, the magnitude is higher or lower, the data is unreliable, and the accuracy of the fitted curve can be ensured by rejecting the data in such a way.
Furthermore, the main control unit is also used for filtering the extracted voltage values of a plurality of groups of check points measured under different air humidity and corresponding electric field intensity to eliminate the maximum value and the minimum value.
Has the advantages that: by the mode, the maximum value and the minimum value in the data are removed, so that errors caused to the fitting curve can be avoided, and the fitting curve is ensured to be smooth as much as possible.
Furthermore, the main control unit is also used for amplifying the extracted voltage values of the plurality of groups of check points measured under different air humidity and the corresponding electric field intensity.
Has the advantages that: in this way, amplification processing can be performed when the sensor signal is weak, thereby improving the accuracy of data.
The invention also provides a nonlinear compensation method for electric field intensity measurement, which comprises the following steps:
s1, collecting the electric field intensity, temperature and humidity around the high-voltage transmission line in real time;
s2, storing the voltage values of a plurality of groups of inspection points measured under different air humidity and corresponding electric field intensity;
s3, accurately calculating the electric field intensity by using the electric field intensity, the temperature and the humidity through a nonlinear algorithm to obtain the corrected electric field intensity:
extracting voltage values and corresponding electric field intensities of a plurality of groups of inspection points measured under different air humidity;
fitting a curve of the voltage value and the corresponding electric field intensity under each humidity;
comparing the relative humidity h to obtain a comparison resultjAnd hj+1Middle, i.e. hj<h<hj+1At h inj、hj+1Linear interpolation method is used for solving output voltage corresponding to actual air humidity h on two curves
As follows below, the following description will be given,
in the formula of Ui,jAnd Ui,j+1For two standard values, m voltage output values are calculated according to the above formula, i.e.
Obtaining a fitting curve of the voltage value U and the corresponding electric field intensity E when the air humidity is h;
the actual voltage value U and the obtained m voltage values are compared
Comparing to find out
So that
And linear interpolation is used in this interval, i.e. according to the following formula,
namely, the corrected electric field intensity corresponding to the actual voltage value U is obtained;
and S4, outputting the corrected electric field intensity.
The working principle and the advantages of the invention are as follows: the humidity of the environment affects the accuracy of the electric field strength measurement from two aspects, and on one hand, the humidity of the environment affects the output voltage value of the sensor; secondly, the humidity of the environment changes the electric field distribution around the transmission line. The electric field intensity is compensated through a nonlinear algorithm, and the electric field intensity is accurately calculated by utilizing the electric field intensity, the temperature and the humidity to obtain the corrected electric field intensity. By the method, even in the vicinity of the critical point of the electric field intensity, the measured value can be accurately corrected, so that the alarm accuracy is improved.
Further, in S3, when fitting the curve of the voltage value and the corresponding field strength at each humidity, a piecewise fitting manner is adopted, which is specifically as follows:
if the electric field intensity is less than or equal to the first threshold value, or the electric field intensity is greater than or equal to the second threshold value, fitting by adopting a least square method;
if the first threshold value is not more than the electric field intensity and not more than the second threshold value, fitting by adopting a Newton difference value;
the first threshold is less than the second threshold.
Has the advantages that: because the voltage rises and slows down along with the increase of the electric field intensity in the process of approaching the limit, the curve is fitted in such a way, so that the fitted curve can be smoother; meanwhile, Newton difference value fitting is adopted in the middle section, so that the calculation amount can be reduced, and the fitting precision can not be influenced.
Further, in S3, the correctness of the electric field intensity, the temperature and the humidity is checked, whether the magnitude of the electric field intensity, the temperature and the humidity meets the requirement is determined, and the data that the magnitude of the electric field intensity does not meet the requirement in the temperature and the humidity are rejected.
Has the advantages that: if the magnitude of the electric field intensity is not in accordance with the magnitude of the temperature and the humidity, for example, the magnitude is higher or lower, the data is unreliable, and the accuracy of the fitted curve can be ensured by rejecting the data in such a way.
Further, in S3, the extracted voltage values of the plurality of groups of inspection points measured under different air humidities and the corresponding electric field strengths are filtered, and the maximum value and the minimum value are eliminated.
Has the advantages that: by the mode, the maximum value and the minimum value in the data are removed, so that errors caused to the fitting curve can be avoided, and the fitting curve is ensured to be smooth as much as possible.
Further, in S3, the extracted voltage values of the plurality of groups of inspection points measured at different air humidities and the corresponding electric field strengths are amplified.
Has the advantages that: in this way, amplification processing can be performed when the sensor signal is weak, thereby improving the accuracy of data.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a system structure of an embodiment of a non-linear compensation system for electric field strength measurement according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a plot of voltage value versus corresponding field strength at each humidity level fitted by an embodiment of the nonlinear compensation system for electric field strength measurements of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating the measurement of the nonlinear compensation system for measuring the electric field strength according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following is further detailed by the specific embodiments:
example 1
An embodiment of a non-linear compensation system for electric field strength measurement according to the present invention is substantially as shown in fig. 1, and comprises:
the electric field unit is used for acquiring the electric field intensity around the high-voltage transmission line in real time;
the temperature and humidity unit is used for acquiring the temperature and the humidity around the high-voltage transmission line in real time;
the storage unit is used for storing voltage values and corresponding electric field strengths of a plurality of groups of inspection points measured under different air humidities;
the main control unit is used for accurately calculating the electric field intensity by utilizing the electric field intensity, the temperature and the humidity through a nonlinear algorithm to obtain the corrected electric field intensity:
extracting voltage values and corresponding electric field intensities of a plurality of groups of inspection points measured under different air humidity;
fitting a curve of the voltage value and the corresponding electric field intensity under each humidity;
comparing the relative humidity h to obtain a comparison resultjAnd hj+1Middle, i.e. hj<h<hj+1At h inj、hj+1Linear interpolation method is used for solving output voltage corresponding to actual air humidity h on two curves
As follows below, the following description will be given,
in the formula of Ui,jAnd Ui,j+1For two standard values, m voltage output values are calculated according to the above formula, i.e.
Obtaining a fitting curve of the voltage value U and the corresponding electric field intensity E when the air humidity is h;
the actual voltage value U and the obtained m voltage values are compared
Comparing to find out
So that
And linear interpolation is used in this interval, i.e. according to the following formula,
namely, the corrected electric field intensity corresponding to the actual voltage value U is obtained;
and an output unit for outputting the corrected electric field intensity.
In this embodiment, the electric field unit adopts electric field sensor, and warm and humid unit adopts DHT22 digital temperature and humidity sensor, and the storage unit adopts solid state hard drives, and the main control unit adopts STM32F103 main control chip, and the output unit adopts LCD1602 display, involves wireless transmission and uses the RF433 module.
The specific implementation process is as follows:
and S1, acquiring the electric field intensity, the temperature and the humidity around the high-voltage transmission line in real time.
And an electric field sensor and a DHT22 digital temperature and humidity sensor are adopted to acquire the electric field strength, the temperature and the humidity around the high-voltage transmission line. And after the acquisition is finished, the data are sent to an STM32F103 main control chip. The data needs to be processed by a preamplifier circuit and a filter circuit before being sent to the STM32F103 main control chip. The pre-amplification circuit consists of three operational amplifiers, and the front stage of the circuit is two symmetrical in-phase amplifiers, so that the pre-amplification circuit has good capability of inhibiting common-mode interference; the circuit post stage is a differential amplifier which can convert double-end input into single-end output while offsetting the common-mode interference of the pre-stage. Considering that the signal to be measured has electric field intensity and frequency of 50Hz, the filter circuit selects a low-pass filter.
And S2, storing the voltage values and the corresponding electric field intensity of the multiple groups of check points measured under different air humidity.
Firstly, under different air humidity, voltage values and corresponding field strength data of a plurality of groups of check points are measured. Specifically, at a relative humidity of h1Then m field intensity check points e are obtained in the whole range of the electric field intensity1，e2，e3，...emChanging the relative humidity h such that h1，h2，h3，...hnThe n humidities can cover the whole humidity range, so that voltage output values U of the corresponding m × n temperature and humidity sensors are obtained1，U2，...Um*n. In this way, voltage values and corresponding electric field strengths of a plurality of groups of check points measured under different air humidities can be obtained, and then the data are stored in the solid state disk.
And S3, accurately calculating the electric field intensity by using the electric field intensity, the temperature and the humidity through a nonlinear algorithm to obtain the corrected electric field intensity.
Firstly, voltage values and corresponding electric field intensities of a plurality of groups of check points measured under different air humidities are extracted from the solid state disk, namely the voltage values and the corresponding electric field intensities are extracted when the relative humidity is h1Then m field intensity check points e are obtained in the whole range of the electric field intensity1，e2，e3，...emChanging the relative humidity h such that h1，h2，h3，...hnThe n humidities can cover the whole humidity range, so that voltage output values U of the corresponding m × n temperature and humidity sensors are obtained1，U2，...Um*n。
Then, at each humidity, a curve of the voltage value versus the corresponding electric field strength was fitted. Specifically, a piecewise fitting mode is adopted: if the electric field intensity is less than or equal to 2.5kv/m or the electric field intensity is more than or equal to 8kv/m, fitting by adopting a least square method; if the electric field intensity is more than or equal to 2.5kv/m and less than or equal to 8kv/m, fitting by adopting Newton difference, and obtaining a fitted curve as shown in figure 2.
Then, the relative humidity h is compared to make it at hjAnd hj+1Middle, i.e. hj<h<hj+1Wherein i and j are subscripts at hj、hj+1Linear interpolation method is used for solving output voltage corresponding to actual air humidity h on two curves
As follows below, the following description will be given,
in the formula of Ui,jAnd Ui,j+1For two standard values, m voltage output values are calculated according to the above formula, i.e.
And obtaining a fitting curve of the voltage value U and the corresponding electric field intensity E when the air humidity is h.
Finally, the actual voltage value U is obtainedTo m voltage values
Comparing to find out
So that
And linear interpolation is used in this interval, i.e. according to the following formula,
that is, the corrected electric field strength corresponding to the actual voltage value U is obtained as shown in fig. 3.
And S4, outputting the corrected electric field intensity.
After the correction is completed, the corrected electric field intensity is displayed on the LCD 1602.
Example 2
The only difference from embodiment 1 is that,
in step S3, the extracted voltage values of the multiple groups of inspection points measured under different air humidities and the corresponding electric field strength are filtered, that is, the maximum value and the minimum value in the data are rejected; and then, carrying out correctness check on the electric field intensity, the temperature and the humidity, judging whether the magnitude orders of the electric field intensity, the temperature and the humidity meet the requirements or not, and rejecting data of which the magnitude orders of the electric field intensity, the temperature and the humidity do not meet the requirements. For example, the electric field strength is of the order of kv/m, and if the reliable electric field strength obtained is of the order of 0.1kv/m or 10kv/m, the test fails and it is rejected.
Example 3
The difference from example 2 is only in the effect of the humidity of the air in the simulated environment on the electric field strength.
Two plastic bottles are prepared in advance, the plastic bottles are placed at a certain position near a high-voltage transmission line, after a period of time, for example, 5 minutes, the electric field intensity and the humidity in the plastic bottles are collected by using an electric field sensor and a DHT22 digital temperature and humidity sensor.
Then, spraying water into one of the plastic bottles in a spraying mode, and collecting the electric field intensity and humidity in the plastic bottle again after 5 minutes; and after collection, spraying water into the plastic bottle again in a spraying mode, and collecting the electric field intensity and humidity in the plastic bottle again after 5 minutes. By analogy, the change rule of the electric field intensity when the humidity in the air gradually rises can be obtained by fitting a curve with the electric field intensity as a vertical coordinate and the humidity as a horizontal coordinate.
Then, in a similar way, calcium chloride is scattered into another plastic bottle in a powder form, and after 5 minutes, the electric field intensity and the humidity in the plastic bottle are collected again; and after collection, scattering calcium chloride into the plastic bottle again in a powder form, and collecting the electric field intensity and the humidity in the plastic bottle again after 5 minutes. By analogy, by adopting the mode, the electric field intensity is used as a vertical coordinate, the humidity is used as a horizontal coordinate to fit a curve, and the change rule of the electric field intensity when the humidity in the air is gradually reduced can be obtained.
The foregoing is merely an example of the present invention, and common general knowledge in the field of known specific structures and characteristics is not described herein in any greater extent than that known in the art at the filing date or prior to the priority date of the application, so that those skilled in the art can now appreciate that all of the above-described techniques in this field and have the ability to apply routine experimentation before this date can be combined with one or more of the present teachings to complete and implement the present invention, and that certain typical known structures or known methods do not pose any impediments to the implementation of the present invention by those skilled in the art. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present invention, several changes and modifications can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicability of the patent. The scope of the claims of the present application shall be determined by the contents of the claims, and the description of the embodiments and the like in the specification shall be used to explain the contents of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A non-linearity compensation system for electric field strength measurement, comprising:
the electric field unit is used for acquiring the electric field intensity around the high-voltage transmission line in real time;
the temperature and humidity unit is used for acquiring the temperature and the humidity around the high-voltage transmission line in real time;
the storage unit is used for storing voltage values and corresponding electric field strengths of a plurality of groups of inspection points measured under different air humidities;
the main control unit is used for accurately calculating the electric field intensity by utilizing the electric field intensity, the temperature and the humidity through a nonlinear algorithm to obtain the corrected electric field intensity:
extracting voltage values and corresponding electric field intensities of a plurality of groups of inspection points measured under different air humidity;
fitting a curve of the voltage value and the corresponding electric field intensity under each humidity;
comparing the relative humidity h to obtain a comparison resultjAnd hj+1Middle, i.e. hj<h<hj+1At h inj、hj+1Linear interpolation method is used for solving output voltage corresponding to actual air humidity h on two curves
As follows below, the following description will be given,
in the formula of Ui,jAnd Ui,j+1For two standard values, m voltage output values are calculated according to the above formula, i.e.
Obtaining a fitting curve of the voltage value U and the corresponding electric field intensity E when the air humidity is h;
the actual voltage value U and the obtained m voltage values are compared
Comparing to find out
So that
And linear interpolation is used in this interval, i.e. according to the following formula,
namely, the corrected electric field intensity corresponding to the actual voltage value U is obtained;
and an output unit for outputting the corrected electric field intensity.
2. The nonlinear compensation system for electric field strength measurement according to claim 1, wherein the main control unit adopts a piecewise fitting manner when fitting a curve of the voltage value and the corresponding field strength under each humidity, specifically as follows:
if the electric field intensity is less than or equal to the first threshold value, or the electric field intensity is greater than or equal to the second threshold value, fitting by adopting a least square method;
if the first threshold value is not more than the electric field intensity and not more than the second threshold value, fitting by adopting a Newton difference value;
the first threshold is less than the second threshold.
3. The nonlinear compensation system for electric field strength measurement according to claim 2, wherein the main control unit is further configured to perform correctness checking on the electric field strength, the temperature and the humidity, determine whether the magnitude of the electric field strength, the temperature and the humidity meets the requirement, and reject data that the magnitude of the electric field strength, the temperature and the humidity does not meet the requirement.
4. The nonlinear compensation system for electric field strength measurement according to claim 3, wherein the main control unit is further configured to filter the extracted voltage values of the plurality of groups of inspection points measured at different air humidities and the corresponding electric field strengths to eliminate the maximum value and the minimum value.
5. The nonlinear compensation system for electric field strength measurement according to claim 4, wherein the main control unit is further configured to amplify the extracted voltage values of the plurality of groups of check points measured at different air humidities and the corresponding electric field strengths.
6. A non-linearity compensation method for electric field strength measurement, comprising the steps of:
s1, collecting the electric field intensity, temperature and humidity around the high-voltage transmission line in real time;
s2, storing the voltage values of a plurality of groups of inspection points measured under different air humidity and corresponding electric field intensity;
s3, accurately calculating the electric field intensity by using the electric field intensity, the temperature and the humidity through a nonlinear algorithm to obtain the corrected electric field intensity:
extracting voltage values and corresponding electric field intensities of a plurality of groups of inspection points measured under different air humidity;
fitting a curve of the voltage value and the corresponding electric field intensity under each humidity;
comparing the relative humidity h to obtain a comparison resultjAnd hj+1Middle, i.e. hj<h<hj+1At h inj、hj+1Linear interpolation method is used for solving output voltage corresponding to actual air humidity h on two curves
As follows below, the following description will be given,
in the formula of Ui,jAnd Ui,j+1For two standard values, m voltage output values are calculated according to the above formula, i.e.
Obtaining a fitting curve of the voltage value U and the corresponding electric field intensity E when the air humidity is h;
the actual voltage value U and the obtained m voltage values are compared
Comparing to find out
So that
And linear interpolation is used in this interval, i.e. according to the following formula,
namely, the corrected electric field intensity corresponding to the actual voltage value U is obtained;
and S4, outputting the corrected electric field intensity.
7. The nonlinear compensation method for electric field strength measurement according to claim 6, wherein in S3, when the curve of the voltage value and the corresponding field strength is fitted at each humidity, a piecewise fitting manner is adopted, specifically as follows:
if the electric field intensity is less than or equal to the first threshold value, or the electric field intensity is greater than or equal to the second threshold value, fitting by adopting a least square method;
if the first threshold value is not more than the electric field intensity and not more than the second threshold value, fitting by adopting a Newton difference value;
the first threshold is less than the second threshold.
8. The nonlinear compensation method for electric field strength measurement according to claim 7, wherein in S3, correctness checks are performed on the electric field strength, the temperature and the humidity, whether the magnitude of the electric field strength, the temperature and the humidity meets the requirements or not is judged, and data that the magnitude of the electric field strength does not meet the requirements in the temperature and the humidity is rejected.
9. The nonlinear compensation method for electric field strength measurement according to claim 8, wherein in S3, the extracted voltage values of the plurality of groups of check points measured at different air humidities and the corresponding electric field strengths are filtered to eliminate the maximum value and the minimum value.
10. The non-linear compensation method for electric field strength measurement according to claim 9, wherein the extracted voltage values of the plurality of sets of the check points measured at different air humidities and the corresponding electric field strengths are amplified in S3.
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Citations (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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