CN112526635A - Single-station multi-satellite signal synchronous acquisition device for regional rainfall monitoring - Google Patents
Single-station multi-satellite signal synchronous acquisition device for regional rainfall monitoring Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a single-station multi-satellite signal synchronous acquisition device for monitoring regional rainfall, which comprises an antenna array unit, an antenna servo unit, a multi-channel satellite receiving unit, a signal processing unit, a signal transmission unit and a power supply unit. The power supply unit is used for supplying power to the other units; the antenna array unit array is arranged on the ground and used for directionally receiving satellite signals; the antenna servo unit position information and the satellite orbit parameters issued by the receiving station calculate the receiving parameters of the corresponding satellite and adjust the angle of the antenna in the antenna array unit to realize the receiving of the corresponding satellite signals; the multi-channel satellite receiving unit synchronously acquires satellite signals received by each antenna array unit, and the signal processing unit extracts satellite signal parameters from the satellite signals acquired by the multi-channel satellite receiving unit and transmits the satellite signal parameters to the receiving station through the signal transmission unit. The device realizes the synchronous acquisition of a plurality of satellite signals with different angles and different frequency bands at a single station.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of non-cooperative source atmospheric remote sensing, in particular to a single-station multi-satellite signal synchronous acquisition device for monitoring regional rainfall.
Background
The strong rainfall is one of main weathers of natural disasters such as flood disasters, landslides, debris flows and the like, and the accurate monitoring of the regional rainfall is a hot spot which is commonly concerned in the fields of meteorology, hydrology, agriculture, traffic and the like. In the existing rainfall monitoring means, the ground meteorological observation station network is sparse, and the complex space-time distribution of rainfall is difficult to capture; the conventional weather radar is easily affected by rain zone attenuation and ground object echo, and the space-time resolution is limited; the sky-based rain radar can not continuously monitor the weather process by detecting for 2 times after passing the top every day; the geostationary orbit meteorological satellite can estimate rainfall distribution, but is limited by cloud cover shielding, and other factors, so that the accuracy is difficult to further improve.
Currently, the signals of broadcasting and communication satellites widely cover the world, and only 30 broadcasting and communication satellites are available in the sky of China, and most of the broadcasting and communication satellites adopt C, X, Ku and Ka bands. The high-frequency signals interact with cloud and rainfall in real time, so that rich information is contained; the satellite ground receiver receives signals in real time and has the capability of monitoring the satellite signal strength and the signal quality; the number of satellite ground stations is large, exceeding 1 billion users of direct broadcast satellites alone. Therefore, the satellite signal is used for rainfall inversion, and the method has the unique advantages of multiple sites, wide distribution, high space-time density and the like. However, a conventional satellite ground receiver generally only has 1 antenna, 1 tuner and 1 satellite receiver, and one receiver can only receive one satellite signal, so that one receiver corresponds to one satellite-ground link and can only obtain the average rain intensity on one link through inversion (see 201910170984.0), but one link cannot represent the rainfall condition in the area. The signals of different satellites are respectively received by the plurality of satellite ground receivers, so that rainfall in an area can be detected (see 201910965486.5 and 20191107394.1), the spatial representativeness of rainfall monitoring can be improved, but if conventional satellite receiving equipment is used, a plurality of satellite antennas, a tuner and the receivers need to be densely arranged, and therefore, the huge investment of hardware facilities is brought. The conventional satellite communication-in-motion antenna (such as 201811606667.0) can track and receive signals of a certain fixed satellite in real time in a mobile platform, but can only receive one satellite signal at the same time and cannot synchronously receive a plurality of satellite signals.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention aims to overcome the defects of the existing satellite receiving device, provides a single-station multi-satellite signal synchronous acquisition device for regional rainfall monitoring based on a satellite-ground link, realizes the synchronous acquisition of a plurality of satellite signals with different angles and different frequency bands at a single station, fully utilizes the existing satellite signal resources, further improves the efficiency-cost ratio of regional rainfall monitoring, and further popularizes the new method for measuring the rainfall by the satellite-ground link to practical application.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a single-station multi-satellite signal synchronous acquisition device for monitoring regional rainfall, which comprises an antenna array unit, an antenna servo unit, a multi-channel satellite receiving unit, a signal processing unit, a signal transmission unit and a power supply unit; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the power supply unit is used for supplying power to the other units;
the antenna array unit array is arranged on the ground and used for directionally receiving satellite signals;
the antenna servo unit is electrically connected with the antenna array unit, calculates the receiving parameters of the corresponding satellite according to the position information of the antenna array unit and the preset satellite orbit parameters, and adjusts the angle of the antenna in the antenna array unit according to the receiving parameters so as to realize the receiving of the corresponding satellite signals;
the multi-channel satellite receiving unit is used for synchronously acquiring satellite signals received by each antenna array unit and sending the acquired satellite signals to the signal processing unit;
the signal processing unit extracts satellite signal parameters from satellite signals acquired by the multi-channel satellite receiving unit and transmits the satellite signal parameters to the receiving station through the signal transmission unit; the satellite signal parameters comprise signal intensity, signal quality and carrier-to-noise ratio;
in the synchronous acquisition device of many satellite signal of single station that this application provided, control through antenna servo unit to the antenna in each antenna array unit, both can be fixed unchangeably according to predetermineeing the angle, can adjust azimuth, pitch angle and polarizing angle in real time according to the measurement needs again to make the directional different satellites of antenna, receive the signal of different satellites, realize single antenna to the measurement in different position rainfall space. Then, satellite signals received by each antenna array unit are synchronously acquired through the multi-channel satellite receiving unit, satellite signal parameters are extracted through the signal processing unit and then are transmitted back to the receiving station, and therefore synchronous acquisition of a plurality of satellite signals with different angles and different frequency bands can be achieved at the receiving station for rainfall inversion.
In a possible implementation manner, the power supply unit includes a commercial power supply device and a solar power supply device, which are respectively used for providing two power supply functions of commercial power and solar power supply. In the area with commercial power, the commercial power is taken as the main power, and the solar power supply is taken as the backup; in areas without commercial power, solar power supply is taken as the main power supply, and the content of the storage battery can ensure continuous working for more than 7 days. Two power supply modes are adopted, one is main, the other is standby, and the continuity of rainfall monitoring under any weather condition can be ensured.
In one possible implementation, the antenna servo unit includes an azimuth servo mechanism, a pitch servo mechanism, and a polarization servo mechanism, which are respectively used for adjusting the azimuth angle, the elevation angle, and the polarization angle of the antenna in the antenna array unit.
In one possible implementation manner, the multichannel satellite receiving unit includes a high-frequency signal receiver and a multichannel signal collector; the number of the high-frequency signal receivers is equal to that of the antenna array units, all the high-frequency signal receivers have the same specification, and a uniform output interface and a uniform protocol are adopted; the high-frequency signal receivers correspondingly acquire satellite signals received by corresponding antenna array units one by one, then the high-frequency satellite signals are subjected to preprocessing such as low-noise amplification and down-conversion and then transmitted to the multichannel signal collector, and the multichannel signal collector uniformly packs the multichannel signals and then transmits the multichannel signals to the signal processing unit.
In a possible implementation manner, the signal processing unit includes a calibration module and a parameter calculation module, the calibration module stores a satellite signal parameter calibration database obtained by previous calibration, the parameter calculation module calculates the acquired satellite signal parameters according to the satellite signal parameter calibration database in the calibration module, and then the calculated satellite signal parameters and the working state information of the signal receiver are sent to the receiving station through the signal transmission unit.
In a possible implementation manner, the signal processing unit is internally provided with a memory card for backup storage of satellite signal data so as to ensure data integrity when data transmission fails or communication connection is disconnected.
In one possible implementation manner, the signal transmission unit includes a serial port wired transmission module, a mobile network wireless transmission module, and a satellite transmission module; the serial port wired transmission module provides a serial port wired transmission function and is used for field debugging, calibration and testing of the signal processing unit; the mobile network wireless transmission module provides a mobile network communication function and is used for returning data in a coverage area of a mobile communication network; the satellite transmission module provides a satellite communication function, and satellite transmission comprises but is not limited to Beidou and a middle satellite 16 communication satellite and is used for data return in areas without mobile communication network coverage on the sea. The three modes are switched seamlessly, and the real-time reliable return of data is guaranteed.
In a possible implementation manner, the antenna array formed by the antenna array units is circular or cross-shaped.
In one possible implementation, the antennas in the antenna array units include, but are not limited to, a feed forward parabolic antenna, a bias feed parabolic antenna, and a flat antenna, and the number of antennas in each antenna array unit is not less than 4.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the satellite signal receiving method and the satellite signal receiving device can synchronously receive more than 3 satellite signals with different frequency bands by using a plurality of satellite antennas at a single station, the frequency bands of the received signals comprise X, Ku, Ka, Q and V frequency bands, and the link sampling density of the satellite-ground link for rain measurement is greatly improved.
2. The invention only needs to obtain the received signal intensity of the satellite, does not need to modulate and demodulate to obtain the content information of the satellite signal, and can utilize both the public satellite and the non-cooperative satellite.
3. The invention is specially designed for rainfall measurement, only needs to know the satellite orbit and frequency parameters, does not need to acquire the content information of the satellite signal, and is suitable for the existing public broadcast satellite, communication satellite and undisclosed non-cooperative satellite.
4. The invention is used as the core device of the satellite-ground link rain measuring method, and has the advantages of low hardware cost, simple operation, high automation degree, more acquired parameters, unattended long-term work, low maintenance cost and convenient popularization.
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FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a single-station multi-satellite signal synchronous acquisition device for monitoring regional rainfall according to an embodiment.
Detailed Description
The terminology used in the following embodiments of the present application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. As used in the examples of this application and the appended claims, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should be understood that the term "and/or" as used herein is merely one type of association that describes an associated object, meaning that three relationships may exist, e.g., a and/or B may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character "/" herein generally indicates that the former and latter related objects are in an "or" relationship. It should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like used in the embodiments of the present application are described in terms of the angles shown in the drawings, and should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present application. In addition, in this context, it will also be understood that when an element is referred to as being "on" or "under" another element, it can be directly on "or" under "the other element or be indirectly on" or "under" the other element via an intermediate element.
The existing satellite ground receiver is generally only provided with 1 antenna, 1 tuner and 1 satellite receiver, one receiver can only receive one satellite signal, and one receiver corresponds to one satellite-ground link, so that the average rainfall intensity on one link can only be obtained through inversion, but the rainfall condition of an area cannot be represented by one link. If the detection area is rained, a plurality of satellite ground receivers are used for respectively receiving signals of different satellites, but if the conventional satellite receiving equipment is used, a plurality of satellite antennas, a tuner and a receiver are densely arranged, so that the cost of hardware facilities is greatly increased.
In order to overcome the technical defect, the invention provides a single-station multi-satellite signal synchronous acquisition device for monitoring regional rainfall.
Example (b):
fig. 1 shows a structural diagram of a single-station multi-satellite signal synchronous acquisition device for area rainfall monitoring provided in this embodiment, where the diagram includes: the antenna comprises a base 1, an antenna 2, a protective cover 3, an antenna servo unit 4, a high-frequency signal receiver 5, a multi-channel signal collector 6, a signal processing unit 7, a power supply unit 8 and a signal transmission unit 9, wherein the base 1, the antenna 2 and the protective cover 3 form an antenna array unit, and the high-frequency signal receiver 5 and the multi-channel signal collector 6 form a multi-channel satellite receiving unit.
The base 1 is fixed on the ground and fixed by cross channel steel. The antenna 2, the protective cover 3, the antenna servo unit 4 and the high-frequency signal receiver 5 are in a group, and four groups are arranged, and are respectively fixed on the base 1 and symmetrically arranged. The protective cover 3 adopts a glass fiber reinforced plastic spherical structure, and the outer layer is a waterproof coating. The antenna 2 is protected, the satellite signal receiving is not influenced, and the influence of a wet antenna on the signal attenuation is reduced to the greatest extent.
According to the position of the antenna array unit and preset satellite parameters, the antenna servo unit 4 adjusts the azimuth angle, the pitch angle and the polarization angle of different antennas, and aims the antennas at different satellites.
For each antenna, the azimuth angle, the pitch angle and the polarization angle can be fixed and unchanged according to a preset angle, and can be adjusted in real time according to measurement requirements, so that the antenna points to different satellites, signals of different satellites are received, and the single antenna can measure rainfall spaces in different directions.
The four groups of high-frequency signal receivers 5 respectively receive different high-frequency satellite signals, respectively perform low-noise amplification, down-conversion and other processing, acquire the signals at the same sampling frequency by the multi-channel signal collector 6, add satellite sources and time tags, and send signal data to the signal processing unit 7 in real time. The signal sampling frequency is adjustable from 10 times/second to 1 time/minute.
The signal processing unit 7 stores a calibration database, and the calibration database stores satellite calibration parameters obtained by earlier calibration. After receiving the multiple satellite signals sent by the multi-channel signal collector 6, the signal processing unit 7 processes the multiple satellite signals into parameters such as signal strength, signal quality, carrier-to-noise ratio, and the like, respectively, and then sends the parameters to a receiving station through the signal transmission unit 9. Meanwhile, the data is stored in a memory card of the satellite signal backup device to be used as a backup of the satellite signal data.
The signal transmission unit 9 comprises three functions of serial port wired transmission, mobile network wireless transmission and satellite transmission, wherein the serial port wired transmission is used for field debugging, calibration and testing, the mobile network wireless transmission is used for data return of areas covered by mobile communication networks, and the satellite transmission comprises but is not limited to Beidou and China satellite 16 communication satellites and is used for data return of areas not covered by the mobile communication networks on the sea. The three modes are switched seamlessly, and the real-time reliable return of data is guaranteed.
The power supply unit 8 comprises two modes of mains supply and solar power supply, provides uninterrupted power supply for the whole device, has a large-capacity storage battery, and can still work for more than 1 week under the conditions of no mains supply and cloudy days.
Taking an example that a single station receives four satellite signals, the work flow of the single-station multi-satellite signal synchronous acquisition device for monitoring rainfall in the area described in this embodiment is as follows:
1) selecting four satellites with uniform azimuth angle distribution from the stationary orbit broadcasting satellites, wherein the four satellites are International No. 15, China Star 9A, Japanese communication 4B and Asia Tai 9 respectively;
2) setting azimuth angles, elevation angles and polarization angles according to orbit parameters and transponder parameters of the four satellites, selecting corresponding tuners, driving the four antennas 2 respectively by an antenna servo unit, pointing to the corresponding satellites, and receiving corresponding signals;
3) four high-frequency signal receivers 5 corresponding to the four antennas process corresponding high-frequency signals, output the obtained low-frequency signals to a multi-channel signal collector 6,
4) the multi-channel signal collector 6 collects the signals at a uniform sampling frequency (such as 1 time/second), and sends the signal data to the signal processing unit 7 in real time after a satellite source and a time tag are added;
5) the signal processing unit 7 processes the low-frequency signal to obtain parameters such as signal strength, signal quality, carrier-to-noise ratio and the like according to a calibration database obtained by earlier calibration, sends the parameters together with state information to the signal transmission unit 9, and synchronously stores the parameters in a local memory card;
6) the signal transmission unit 9 packs the satellite signal data at a transmission frequency of 1 time/minute and transmits the satellite signal data to the receiving station, preferably, the satellite signal data is transmitted by a mobile network in a wireless mode, and the satellite signal data is transmitted by a satellite mode.
Although the above invention describes the embodiments as completed, it is not limited to the above examples. Those skilled in the art should also appreciate that they can make various changes, modifications and substitutions within the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a synchronous collection system of single-station many satellites signal for regional rainfall monitoring which characterized in that:
the device comprises: the system comprises an antenna array unit, an antenna servo unit, a multi-channel satellite receiving unit, a signal processing unit, a signal transmission unit and a power supply unit; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the power supply unit is used for supplying power to the other units;
the antenna array unit array is arranged on the ground and used for directionally receiving satellite signals;
the antenna servo unit is electrically connected with the antenna array unit, calculates the receiving parameters of the corresponding satellite according to the position information of the antenna array unit and the preset satellite orbit parameters, and adjusts the angle of the antenna in the antenna array unit according to the receiving parameters so as to realize the receiving of the corresponding satellite signals;
the multi-channel satellite receiving unit is used for synchronously acquiring satellite signals received by each antenna array unit and sending the acquired satellite signals to the signal processing unit;
the signal processing unit extracts satellite signal parameters from satellite signals acquired by the multi-channel satellite receiving unit and transmits the satellite signal parameters to the receiving station through the signal transmission unit.
2. The single-station multi-satellite signal synchronous acquisition device for regional rainfall monitoring according to claim 1, wherein: the power supply unit comprises a commercial power supply device and a solar power supply device.
3. The single-station multi-satellite signal synchronous acquisition device for regional rainfall monitoring according to claim 1, wherein: the antenna servo unit comprises an azimuth servo mechanism, a pitching servo mechanism and a polarization servo mechanism which are respectively used for adjusting the azimuth angle, the elevation angle and the polarization angle of the antenna in the antenna array unit.
4. The single-station multi-satellite signal synchronous acquisition device for regional rainfall monitoring according to claim 1, wherein: the multichannel satellite receiving unit comprises a high-frequency signal receiver and a multichannel signal collector; the number of the high-frequency signal receivers is equal to that of the antenna array units, all the high-frequency signal receivers have the same specification, and a uniform output interface and a uniform protocol are adopted; the high-frequency signal receivers correspondingly acquire satellite signals received by corresponding antenna array units one by one, then the high-frequency satellite signals are preprocessed and transmitted to the multichannel signal collector, and the multichannel signal collector uniformly packs the multichannel signals and then transmits the multichannel signals to the signal processing unit.
5. The single-station multi-satellite signal synchronous acquisition device for regional rainfall monitoring according to claim 1, wherein: the signal processing unit comprises a calibration module and a parameter calculation module, wherein a satellite signal parameter calibration database obtained by early calibration is stored in the calibration module, the parameter calculation module calculates the acquired satellite signal parameters according to the satellite signal parameter calibration database in the calibration module, and then the calculated satellite signal parameters and the working state information of the signal receiver are sent to the receiving station through the signal transmission unit.
6. The single-station multi-satellite signal synchronous acquisition device for regional rainfall monitoring according to claim 5, wherein: the signal processing unit is internally provided with a memory card for backup storage of satellite signal data.
7. The single-station multi-satellite signal synchronous acquisition device for regional rainfall monitoring according to claim 1, wherein: the signal transmission unit comprises a serial port wired transmission module, a mobile network wireless transmission module and a satellite transmission module; the serial port wired transmission module provides a serial port wired transmission function and is used for field debugging, calibration and testing of the signal processing unit, the mobile network wireless transmission module provides a mobile network communication function, and the satellite transmission module provides a satellite communication function.
8. The single-station multi-satellite signal synchronous acquisition device for regional rainfall monitoring according to claim 1, wherein: the satellite signal parameters include signal strength, signal quality, and carrier-to-noise ratio.
9. The single-station multi-satellite signal synchronous acquisition device for regional rainfall monitoring according to claim 1, wherein: the antenna array formed by the antenna array units is circular or cross-shaped.
10. The single-station multi-satellite signal synchronous acquisition device for regional rainfall monitoring of claim 1 wherein the antennas of the antenna array unit comprise a feed forward, a bias feed parabolic antenna and a plate antenna.
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| CN114384558A (en) * | 2022-01-12 | 2022-04-22 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | GPU-based online signal quality monitoring and analyzing method and system |
| CN115882980A (en) * | 2023-03-03 | 2023-03-31 | 江苏晨创科技有限公司 | Prediction system for influence on satellite communication signals based on antenna pointing |
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