CN112525736B - Fan blade cantilever beam element level strength test method - Google Patents

Fan blade cantilever beam element level strength test method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112525736B
CN112525736B CN202110179868.2A CN202110179868A CN112525736B CN 112525736 B CN112525736 B CN 112525736B CN 202110179868 A CN202110179868 A CN 202110179868A CN 112525736 B CN112525736 B CN 112525736B
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fan blade
test
test piece
cantilever beam
beam element
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CN112525736A (en
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覃文源
李继保
王祯鑫
贾林
时起珍
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AECC Commercial Aircraft Engine Co Ltd
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AECC Commercial Aircraft Engine Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/32—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying repeated or pulsating forces
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M15/00—Testing of engines
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/02—Details
    • G01N3/04—Chucks
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/32—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying repeated or pulsating forces
    • G01N3/36—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying repeated or pulsating forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
    • G01N2203/0042—Pneumatic or hydraulic means
    • G01N2203/0044—Pneumatic means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
    • G01N2203/006—Crack, flaws, fracture or rupture
    • G01N2203/0067—Fracture or rupture
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
    • G01N2203/0658—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means using acoustic or ultrasonic detectors

Abstract

The invention provides a fan blade cantilever beam element level strength test method which is based on a pyramid test verification strategy to obtain the local strength performance of a fan blade and identify the design weak point of the fan blade, and supports the part level test of the fan blade, and comprises the following steps: s1Determining sampling positions on the fan blades to obtain element-level test pieces, wherein the sampling positions are located at the leading edge and the trailing edge of the fan blades; s2Determining the size of the test piece; s3Sampling the fan blade for the test piece; s4And clamping the fixed end of the test piece through a clamp, and circularly loading and unloading the other end of the test piece through a loading head until the test piece is damaged. The invention has strong pertinence and can adapt to the local characteristics of the composite material fan blade. The test proves that the aim is clear, the rigidity, the strength performance and the corresponding typical failure mode of the front edge and the tail edge of the blade can be obtained, and the identification of the design weak point is facilitated.

Description

Fan blade cantilever beam element level strength test method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of strength tests of blades of aero-engines, in particular to a fan blade cantilever beam element level strength test method.
Background
In the prior art, an aero-engine is provided with a rotor working blade and a stator working blade, and the blades do work in the working process. The fan blades are located at the foremost end of the air inlet channel, play a role in air entraining and thrust generation through high-speed rotation, and mainly comprise tenons and blade bodies. Under normal operating conditions, the fan blades mainly bear the action of pneumatic load and centrifugal load, and the tenon transmits the load borne by the blades to the fan disc.
With the development of aircraft engine technology towards lighter mass, higher reliability and better economy, turbofan aircraft engines with large bypass ratios are widely used, and large-size fan blades become the inevitable choice of manufacturers of various turbofan aircraft engines.
To meet high thrust-to-weight ratio requirements, metallic fan blades are gradually being replaced. In the 60 s of the 20 th century, composite materials have looked into the public as a new material, and due to the advantages of high specific strength and specific modulus, designable performance, easiness in integral forming and the like, the technology of the composite materials rapidly rises, and the composite materials, aluminum alloys, titanium alloys and alloy steels, together, form four large structural materials for aerospace.
At present, the composite material fan blade is well applied to a foreign mature turbofan aircraft engine, and practices prove that the novel composite material technology has wide application prospects in the turbofan aircraft engine.
However, at present, no mature composite material fan blade is applied to an aeroengine at home, and in the process of developing the composite material fan blade, a pyramid test verification strategy is usually adopted to verify the design, and the composite material fan blade is anisotropic, and meanwhile, the strength performance of the composite material fan blade is greatly influenced by the process. Therefore, a corresponding element-level strength test is required to be developed in a targeted manner according to the spatial configuration and the local stress characteristics of the fan blade, wherein the element-level test is the next-level test of the part-level test in the pyramid test verification strategy.
In view of the above, those skilled in the art have devised a fan blade cantilever beam component level strength test method to overcome the above technical problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects that composite material fan blades in the prior art are anisotropic, the performance of the composite material fan blades is greatly influenced by the process and the like, and provides a fan blade cantilever beam element level strength test method.
The invention solves the technical problems through the following technical scheme:
a fan blade cantilever beam element level strength test method is characterized in that the fan blade cantilever beam element level strength test method is based on a pyramid test verification strategy, obtains local strength performance of a fan blade and identifies a design weak point of the fan blade, supports a part level test of the fan blade, and comprises the following steps:
S1determining sampling positions on the fan blades to obtain element-level test pieces, wherein the sampling positions are located at the leading edge and the trailing edge of the fan blades;
S2determining the size of the test piece;
S3sampling the fan blade for the test piece;
S4and clamping the fixed end of the test piece through a clamp, and circularly loading and unloading the other end of the test piece through a loading head until the test piece is damaged.
According to an embodiment of the invention, said step S1Wherein the test piece is selected from a blade body region of the fan blade.
According to an embodiment of the invention, said step S1Wherein the test piece is selected at a location where the leading and trailing edges of the fan blade are most susceptible to process defects.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the locations of the leading and trailing edges of the fan blade that are most susceptible to process defects are determined by combining structural features of the fan blade itself with non-destructive inspection of the blade after molding.
According to one embodiment of the present inventionExample, the step S2The method specifically comprises the following steps: the width of the test piece is 25mm-30 mm.
According to an embodiment of the invention, said step S3The method specifically comprises the following steps:
S31and calibrating the coordinates of the fan blades before sampling, and establishing a reference.
According to an embodiment of the invention, said step S31The method specifically comprises the following steps:
S311clamping the fan blades by using a profiling tool and synchronously monitoring clamping deformation;
S312adopting a non-contact measurement method to integrally scan the material object of the fan blade and the reference point of the tool;
S313and a screening step S312The fan blade is subjected to fitting of measured data and theoretical data;
S314obtaining a coordinate transformation matrix according to the best fitting result, and establishing a reference coordinate;
S315and verifying the reference coordinate.
According to an embodiment of the invention, said step S3The method specifically comprises the following steps: and during sampling, controlling the tolerance consistency of each test piece, ensuring the net size of each test piece, and controlling the consistency of the surface roughness of the test section of each test piece.
According to an embodiment of the invention, said step S3The method specifically comprises the following steps: the fan blade was sampled for the test piece using dry cutting.
According to an embodiment of the invention, said step S4The fixture is a fixed block, the fixed block comprises an upper pressing block and a lower pressing block, and the upper pressing block and the lower pressing block clamp the test piece up and down to fix and limit the test piece.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the upper pressing block is provided with a clamping groove, the lower pressing block is provided with a limiting structure, and the clamping groove and the limiting structure are matched and clamped with the test piece.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, a width direction of the upper compact is wider than a width direction of the lower compact.
According to an embodiment of the invention, said step S4The outer surface of the loading end of the loading head, which is in contact with the test piece, is arc-shaped, and the radial height of the contact surface of the loading head is variable.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the clamping distance of the test piece is 25mm-35mm, and the distance between the loading point and the edge of the test piece is 15% -20% of the length of the test piece.
According to an embodiment of the invention, said step S4The test piece is circularly loaded for 3-4 times from 500N to 1000N, and the loading speed is 20N/s.
The positive progress effects of the invention are as follows:
the fan blade cantilever beam element level strength test method has the following advantages:
the fan blade cantilever beam element level strength test method is strong in pertinence and can adapt to local characteristics of the composite fan blade;
secondly, the purpose of test verification is clear, the rigidity of the front edge, the rigidity of the tail edge, the strength performance and the corresponding typical failure mode of the blade can be obtained, and the identification of the designed weak point is facilitated;
thirdly, the process consistency of the composite material fan blade can be verified, and the process stability of the composite material fan blade is judged;
fourthly, the provided test verification method has strong operability and realizability;
fifthly, the test period is short, so that the test cost is reduced, the test period is shortened, and the research and development cost is reduced;
and sixthly, reference can be provided for the test verification and implementation of the anisotropic fan blade.
Drawings
The above and other features, properties and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description of the embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings in which like reference numerals denote like features throughout the several views, wherein:
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a pyramid test verification strategy.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a composite fan blade in the fan blade cantilever beam component level strength test method of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a cantilever beam test piece sampling position in the fan blade cantilever beam element level strength test method of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a first schematic diagram of a cantilever beam element-level test piece in the fan blade cantilever beam element-level strength test method of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a second schematic diagram of a cantilever beam element-level test piece in the fan blade cantilever beam element-level strength test method of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a third schematic diagram of a cantilever beam element-level test piece in the fan blade cantilever beam element-level strength test method of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of cantilever beam component level testing in the fan blade cantilever beam component level strength testing method of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a cantilever beam element level test state in the fan blade cantilever beam element level strength test method of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of a cantilever beam test fixture in the fan blade cantilever beam element level strength test method of the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of an upper pressing block in the fan blade cantilever beam element level strength test method of the present invention.
FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a lower pressure block in the fan blade cantilever beam element level strength test method of the present invention.
FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a cantilever beam test loading head in the fan blade cantilever beam element level strength test method of the present invention.
FIG. 13 is a front view of a cantilever beam test loading head in the fan blade cantilever beam component level strength test method of the present invention.
FIG. 14 is a side view of a cantilever beam test loading head in the fan blade cantilever beam component level strength test method of the present invention.
FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of cantilever beam test clamping and loading positions in the fan blade cantilever beam component level strength test method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
Embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Reference will now be made in detail to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Wherever possible, the same reference numbers will be used throughout the drawings to refer to the same or like parts.
Further, although the terms used in the present invention are selected from publicly known and used terms, some of the terms mentioned in the description of the present invention may be selected by the applicant at his or her discretion, the detailed meanings of which are described in relevant parts of the description herein.
Furthermore, it is required that the present invention is understood, not simply by the actual terms used but by the meaning of each term lying within.
The invention provides a fan blade cantilever beam element level strength test method which is based on a pyramid test verification strategy and is used for obtaining the local strength performance of a fan blade, identifying the design weak point of the fan blade and supporting the part level test of the fan blade. Specifically, the component level test belongs to the upper level of the material level test and the lower level of the part level test (as shown in fig. 1) and is used for supporting the part level test. The component level test is mainly used for obtaining local strength performance of the blade and corresponding typical failure modes, identifying defects in design and identifying a certain degree of process problems. Based on the purposes, the element-level test piece sampling is based on the whole blade, can adapt to the characteristics of the fan blade space curved surface configuration, and is selected by combining the local stress characteristics and the process verification requirements.
As shown in FIG. 1, according to the spatial configuration and local stress characteristics of the composite fan blade, the invention provides a cantilever beam element-level strength test sampling method and a corresponding strength test method, so that the bending rigidity, the strength and the typical failure mode of the front edge and the tail edge of the composite fan blade are obtained through the strength test and are used for verifying whether the process stability of the blade meets the design requirements.
As shown in FIG. 2, the composite fan blade has the tip 10, leading edge 20, trailing edge 30, flowpath line, and dovetail 40 locations marked therein, with the leading edge 20 being the air intake edge, the trailing edge 30 being the air discharge edge, the flowpath line indicated by dashed line 50, and the blade dovetail 40 height indicated by dashed line 60. Under normal operating conditions, the fan blades mainly bear centrifugal loads and pneumatic loads.
The fan blade cantilever beam element level strength test method comprises the following steps:
S1and determining sampling positions on the fan blades to obtain element-level test pieces, wherein the sampling positions are positioned at the leading edges and the trailing edges of the fan blades.
Preferably, the test piece is selected from the blade body region of the fan blade, such as the middle vicinity region of the blade body, and the distance from the bottom of the fan blade is H. The test pieces are selected at locations where the leading and trailing edges of the fan blade are most susceptible to process defects. The positions of the leading edge and the trailing edge of the fan blade, which are most prone to process defects, are determined by combining the structural characteristics of the fan blade and the nondestructive testing (ultrasonic A scanning and ultrasonic C scanning) results of the molded blade.
More specifically, as shown in FIG. 3, the blade cantilever beam element stage test pieces were selected from the fan blade leading edge 20, trailing edge 30, and the sampling position is shown by the shaded portion 70 in FIG. 3. When the cantilever beam element-level test piece is sampled, the flexural rigidity and the strength performance of the leading edge 20 and the trailing edge 30 of the fan blade are obtained on one hand, and the stability and the consistency of the blade preparation process are verified on the other hand. The test piece is generally selected from a blade body region (such as a region near the middle of the blade body) or a position where the blade leading edge 20 and the blade trailing edge 30 are most prone to process defects, and the specific position needs to be determined by combining the structural characteristics of the fan blade and the nondestructive testing (ultrasonic A scanning and ultrasonic C scanning) results of the formed fan blade.
S2And determining the size of the test piece.
Preferably, the step S2The method specifically comprises the following steps: the width of the test piece is 25mm-30 mm.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, the length d of the test piece needs to be determined according to the width of the blade, and meanwhile, the test piece needs to have a certain width w, so that the measured strength performance can truly reflect the performance of the blade, unnecessary deformation (such as torsion) is avoided in the test process, but the width cannot be too large, otherwise, the test load is increased, and the test requirements cannot be met. The width of the test piece is generally selected to be 25mm-30 mm.
S3And sampling the test piece for the fan blade.
Preferably, the step S3The method specifically comprises the following steps: s31And calibrating the coordinates of the fan blades before sampling, and establishing a reference.
Said step S31The method specifically comprises the following steps: s311Clamping the fan blades by using a profiling tool and synchronously monitoring clamping deformation;
S312adopting a non-contact measurement method to integrally scan the material object of the fan blade and the reference point of the tool;
S313and a screening step S312The fan blade is subjected to fitting of measured data and theoretical data;
S314obtaining a coordinate transformation matrix according to the best fitting result, and establishing a reference coordinate;
S315and verifying the reference coordinate.
Said step S3The method specifically comprises the following steps: and during sampling, controlling the tolerance consistency of each test piece, ensuring the net size of each test piece, and controlling the consistency of the surface roughness of the test section of each test piece.
Said step S3The method specifically comprises the following steps: using dry cutting to carry out said test pieces on said fan bladesAnd (6) sampling.
More specifically, as shown in fig. 3 to fig. 6, in order to compare strength performance between different blades and verify process stability, consistency of sampling positions between different blades needs to be ensured, and before sampling, coordinates of the blades need to be calibrated to establish a certain reference. The blade is clamped by the profiling tool, clamping deformation is synchronously monitored, and repeatability and reproducibility are guaranteed.
And (3) integrally scanning the blade real object and the tool datum point by adopting a non-contact measurement method. Screening the scanning data, and fitting the actual measurement data and the theoretical data of the blade. And obtaining a coordinate transformation matrix according to the best fitting result, and establishing a reference coordinate. After the coordinate verification is performed, sampling can be performed.
During sampling, the tolerance consistency of each test piece needs to be controlled, the net size of each test piece is guaranteed, and meanwhile, the consistency of the surface roughness of the test section of each test piece needs to be controlled in order to guarantee the effectiveness and comparability of test results.
When the fan blades are sampled, various cooling liquids are forbidden, and the fan blades can be only cut in a dry mode and can be cooled by air. The curved surface of the curved section does not allow the glue to be removed and does not contact any chemical solvent, such as acetone, banana oil and the like. The curved section does not allow any marks of scratches etc. The test piece must not have any delamination phenomenon during sampling.
S4And clamping the fixed end of the test piece through a clamp, and circularly loading and unloading the other end of the test piece through a loading head until the test piece is damaged.
Preferably, the step S4The fixture is a fixed block, the fixed block comprises an upper pressing block and a lower pressing block, and the upper pressing block and the lower pressing block clamp the test piece up and down to fix and limit the test piece.
Here, a clamping groove is formed in the upper pressing block, a limiting structure is formed in the lower pressing block, and the clamping groove and the limiting structure are matched and clamped with the test piece. The width direction of the upper pressing block is wider than that of the lower pressing block.
Further preferably, the step S4ZhongshiThe outer surface of the loading end of the loading head, which is in contact with the test piece, is arc-shaped, and the radial height of the contact surface of the loading head is variable. The clamping distance of the test piece is 25mm-35mm, and the distance between the loading point and the edge of the test piece is 15% -20% of the length of the test piece. Said step S4The test piece is circularly loaded for 3-4 times from 500N to 1000N, and the loading speed is 20N/s.
As shown in fig. 7 and 8, in the fan blade cantilever beam element level strength test method, one end of the test piece 100 is fixed. To simulate the true loading of the fan blade leading and trailing edges 20, 30, the test piece pressure side was loaded.
As shown in fig. 9 to 11, the clamp 80 at the fixed end is a fixed block and includes an upper pressing block 81 and a lower pressing block 82, the upper pressing block 81 and the lower pressing block 82 are both provided with through holes a at corresponding positions, and the upper pressing block 81 and the lower pressing block 82 are fixed relative to the test bed by screws. The test piece 100 is fixed and limited by the clamping groove 811 of the upper pressing block 81 and the limiting structure 821 of the lower pressing block 82.
Meanwhile, the width direction of the upper pressing block 81 is wider than that of the lower pressing block 82, so that the upper pressing block 81 has certain self-adaptive deformation in the loading process, and the test piece is pressed better.
As shown in fig. 12 to 14, the outer surface 91 of the loading end of the loading head 90, which contacts the test piece 100, is designed to be circular arc-shaped, and the radial height of the contact surface of the loading head 90 is varied to adapt to the curved configuration of the pressure surface of the test piece 100, so that the loading head and the test piece are better attached during loading, and the effectiveness of loading and test results is ensured.
As shown in fig. 15, d1 is the clamping distance of the test piece, and d2 is the distance between the loading point and the edge of the test piece. The test piece is preferably held at a distance of typically 25mm to 35mm, and d2 is typically about 15% to 20% of the length d of the test piece.
During test loading, each test piece is pre-loaded and unloaded so as to enhance the fit degree between the test piece and the clamp. The test piece is generally loaded for 3-4 times from 500N to 1000N in a circulating way, and then loaded again until the test piece is damaged, wherein the loading speed is generally 20N/s.
The cantilever beam element-level strength test of the composite fan blade can be performed on a mechanical property testing machine, the test operability and the realizability are high, and meanwhile, the element-level strength test result can be used for verifying whether the process stability between different batches of blades meets the design requirement or not.
During the development of the composite material fan blade, a pyramid test verification strategy is generally adopted to verify the design and the process. According to the spatial configuration and local stress characteristics of the composite fan blade, the invention provides a fan blade cantilever beam element level strength test piece sampling method and a corresponding strength test method, so that a typical damage form of the fan blade is obtained by carrying out a strength test on the cantilever beam element level test piece and verifying the local strength performance of the fan blade, and the fan blade is used for verifying whether the process consistency between different blades and different positions meets the design requirements.
Therefore, in order to verify the local strength performance of the composite material fan blade, obtain a typical failure mode of the composite material fan blade and verify the process stability of the composite material fan blade, the invention provides a blade cantilever beam element-level strength test method based on a pyramid test verification strategy, wherein the blade cantilever beam element-level strength test method comprises an element-level test piece sampling method and a corresponding strength test method, so as to support a blade part-level test.
According to the invention, blade cantilever beam element-level strength test verification is carried out in a targeted manner according to the spatial configuration and local stress characteristics of the composite material fan blade, and cantilever beam element-level test pieces are selected from the front edge and the tail edge of the blade body. The flexural rigidity, the strength and the typical failure mode of the front edge and the tail edge of the blade can be obtained through a cantilever beam element-level strength test, the design weak points of the front edge and the tail edge can be identified, and whether the stability of the blade process meets the requirement can be verified. The composite material fan blade cantilever beam element level strength test can be carried out on a mechanical property testing machine, and the test operability and the realizability are strong.
In summary, the fan blade cantilever beam element level strength test method has the following advantages:
the fan blade cantilever beam element level strength test method is strong in pertinence and can adapt to local characteristics of the composite fan blade;
secondly, the purpose of test verification is clear, the rigidity and the strength performance of the front edge and the tail edge of the blade and the corresponding typical failure mode can be obtained, and the identification of the designed weak point is facilitated;
thirdly, the process consistency of the composite material fan blade can be verified, and the process stability of the composite material fan blade is judged;
fourthly, the provided test verification method has strong operability and realizability;
fifthly, the test period is short, so that the test cost is reduced, the test period is shortened, and the research and development cost is reduced;
and sixthly, reference can be provided for the test verification and implementation of the anisotropic fan blade.
While specific embodiments of the invention have been described above, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that these are by way of example only, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims. Various changes and modifications to these embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and these changes and modifications are within the scope of the invention.

Claims (13)

1. The fan blade cantilever beam element level strength test method is characterized in that the fan blade cantilever beam element level strength test method is based on a pyramid test verification strategy, and the pyramid test verification strategy sequentially comprises a material level test, an element level test, a part level test, a component level test and a complete machine level test from bottom to top;
the fan blade cantilever beam element level strength test method is used for obtaining the local strength performance of the fan blade and identifying the design weak point of the fan blade, and a part level test for supporting the fan blade comprises the following steps:
S1determining sampling positions on the fan blades to obtain element-level test pieces, wherein the sampling positions are located at the leading edge and the trailing edge of the fan blades;
S2determiningThe size of the test piece;
S3sampling the fan blade for the test piece;
S4clamping the fixed end of the test piece through a clamp, and circularly loading and unloading the other end of the test piece through a loading head until the test piece is damaged;
said step S3The method specifically comprises the following steps: s31Calibrating the coordinates of the fan blades before sampling, and establishing a reference;
said step S31The method specifically comprises the following steps:
S311clamping the fan blades by using a profiling tool and synchronously monitoring clamping deformation;
S312adopting a non-contact measurement method to integrally scan the material object of the fan blade and the reference point of the tool;
S313and a screening step S312The fan blade is subjected to fitting of measured data and theoretical data;
S314obtaining a coordinate transformation matrix according to the best fitting result, and establishing a reference coordinate;
S315and verifying the reference coordinate.
2. The fan blade cantilever beam element level strength test method of claim 1, wherein the step S1Wherein the test piece is selected from a blade body region of the fan blade.
3. The fan blade cantilever beam element level strength test method of claim 1, wherein the step S1Wherein the test piece is selected at a location where the leading and trailing edges of the fan blade are most susceptible to process defects.
4. The fan blade cantilever member level strength test method of claim 3, wherein the locations of the leading and trailing edges of the fan blade that are most susceptible to process defects are determined by combining structural features of the fan blade body with non-destructive testing of the formed blade.
5. The fan blade cantilever beam element level strength test method of claim 1, wherein the step S2The method specifically comprises the following steps: the width of the test piece is 25mm-30 mm.
6. The fan blade cantilever beam element level strength test method of claim 1, wherein the step S3The method specifically comprises the following steps: and during sampling, controlling the tolerance consistency of each test piece, ensuring the net size of each test piece, and controlling the consistency of the surface roughness of the test section of each test piece.
7. The fan blade cantilever beam element level strength test method of claim 6, wherein the step S3The method specifically comprises the following steps: the fan blade was sampled for the test piece using dry cutting.
8. The fan blade cantilever beam element level strength test method of claim 1, wherein the step S4The fixture is a fixed block, the fixed block comprises an upper pressing block and a lower pressing block, and the upper pressing block and the lower pressing block clamp the test piece up and down to fix and limit the test piece.
9. The fan blade cantilever beam element level strength test method of claim 8, wherein the upper pressing block is provided with a clamping groove, the lower pressing block is provided with a limiting structure, and the clamping groove and the limiting structure are matched and clamped with the test piece.
10. The fan blade cantilever member level strength test method of claim 8, wherein the width direction of the upper compact is wider than the width direction of the lower compact.
11. The fan blade cantilever beam element level strength test method of claim 1, wherein the step S4The outer surface of the loading end of the loading head, which is in contact with the test piece, is arc-shaped, and the radial height of the contact surface of the loading head is variable.
12. The fan blade cantilever beam element level strength test method of claim 11, wherein the grip distance of the test piece is 25mm-35mm, and the distance between the loading point and the edge of the test piece is 15% -20% of the length of the test piece.
13. The fan blade cantilever beam element level strength test method of claim 1, wherein the step S4The test piece is circularly loaded for 3-4 times from 500N to 1000N, and the loading speed is 20N/s.
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