CN112523967A - Lattice type comprehensive shaft fan tower - Google Patents

Lattice type comprehensive shaft fan tower Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112523967A
CN112523967A CN202011392384.8A CN202011392384A CN112523967A CN 112523967 A CN112523967 A CN 112523967A CN 202011392384 A CN202011392384 A CN 202011392384A CN 112523967 A CN112523967 A CN 112523967A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
tower
fan
shaft
wind turbine
lattice
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Granted
Application number
CN202011392384.8A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN112523967B (en
Inventor
张广杰
王康世
卓杨
康高英
高宇峰
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Shanghai Electric Wind Power Group Co Ltd
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Shanghai Electric Wind Power Group Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202011392384.8A priority Critical patent/CN112523967B/en
Publication of CN112523967A publication Critical patent/CN112523967A/en
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Publication of CN112523967B publication Critical patent/CN112523967B/en
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03DWIND MOTORS
    • F03D13/00Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
    • F03D13/20Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03DWIND MOTORS
    • F03D3/00Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D3/005Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor  the axis being vertical
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70Wind energy
    • Y02E10/728Onshore wind turbines
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70Wind energy
    • Y02E10/74Wind turbines with rotation axis perpendicular to the wind direction

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a lattice type comprehensive shaft fan tower which is connected with a cabin of a horizontal shaft fan, wherein blades of the horizontal shaft fan are connected to the cabin; the tower comprises an upper tower, a transition section and a lower tower; the top end of the upper tower is connected with a cabin of the horizontal shaft fan; the transition section is connected with the upper tower and the lower tower; the lower tower is in a lattice form, and a vertical shaft fan is arranged inside the lower tower. According to the invention, the horizontal axis fan is combined with the vertical axis fan, so that the wind power resource in the full height range of the tower is effectively utilized.

Description

Lattice type comprehensive shaft fan tower
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of offshore wind power generation, in particular to a lattice type comprehensive shaft fan tower.
Background
The wind energy is used as a green pollution-free clean energy and has large-scale development and commercial development prospects. The wind power generation technology is a comprehensive high technology and relates to a plurality of subjects and fields of aerodynamics, structural dynamics, material science, marine environment science, mechanical engineering, electrical engineering, control technology, installation technology and the like. At present, the wind power generation tower on land or on sea has the main form of a wind turbine which can be divided into a horizontal axis wind turbine and a vertical axis wind turbine. Wherein, the wind wheel rotation axis of horizontal axis fan is the horizontal direction, and its leading principle is: wind in the diameter range of the wind wheel blows the wind wheel to rotate, and then drives a generator horizontally placed at the center of the wind wheel to generate electricity.
The wind wheel rotating shaft of the vertical axis fan is in the vertical direction and mainly comprises a small and medium-sized fan. The vertical axis fan can be mainly classified into a phi-type fan and an H-type fan according to the shape of the blade. The main working principle of the phi-type fan is as follows: horizontal rigidity is provided by guys with two ends respectively connected with the top of the tower and the ground. When wind blows the wind wheel, the wind wheel rotates around the tower to drive the generator on the foundation to generate electricity. The main principle of the H-shaped fan is as follows: the tower frame standing on the foundation supports the generator on the tower top, and when wind blows the wind wheel, the wind wheel drives the generator to generate electricity through the horizontal support rods with two ends respectively connected with the wind wheel and the generator.
Because the wind energy utilization rate is higher, the current engineering mainly adopts a horizontal shaft fan, but the horizontal shaft fan mainly has the following problems:
(1) wind energy within the rotating range of the wind wheel blades can be utilized only, and wind energy within the range from the bottom of the wind wheel blades to the ground is not utilized and only acts on the tower drum as external load.
(2) The traditional horizontal axis fan increases the generating capacity of the unit and needs to increase the length of blades. Whereas longer blades are more difficult to transport.
(3) The wind wheel mass and the unit mass of the traditional horizontal axis fan act on the center of the wind wheel, and the mass is concentrated on the top of the tower, so that the influence of the unit mass on the natural frequency of the tower is great. Increasing the length of the blades or increasing the model number of the unit increases the quality of the tower top, the diameter of the tower barrel needs to be increased to improve the bending rigidity of the tower barrel, so that great material waste is caused, and the floor space cost of the tower is increased.
(4) In an actual engineering project, a horizontal axis fan can only be started when the wind speed is high, and low-speed wind resources cannot be utilized.
(5) When the wind speed of the horizontal axis fan in the rotating range of the wind wheel blades is low, the wind driven generator is basically in a stagnation state and does not generate electricity. Therefore, the power generation of the horizontal axis fan is not smooth.
Disclosure of Invention
According to the stress characteristics of the traditional fan tower, the invention develops the wind generating set tower which combines the horizontal axis fan with the vertical axis fan and can utilize wind resources in the full height range of the tower.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a lattice type integrated axial fan tower, which is connected to a nacelle of a horizontal axial fan, and blades of the horizontal axial fan are connected to the nacelle; the tower comprises an upper tower, a transition section and a lower tower; the top end of the upper tower is connected with a cabin of the horizontal shaft fan; the transition section is connected with the upper tower and the lower tower; the lower tower is in a lattice form, and a vertical shaft fan is arranged inside the lower tower.
Optionally, the upper tower frame is a steel tower section.
Optionally, the transition section includes: and the connecting rods are used for connecting the upper tower frame and the lower tower frame.
Optionally, the lower tower comprises: the device comprises a plurality of vertically arranged support columns, transverse supports for connecting the support columns, and inhaul cables erected on the transverse supports and the support columns; the support column surrounds the outside of the vertical axis fan.
Optionally, the vertical axis fan includes: the vertical axis fan comprises a vertical axis fan base, a generator, a force transmission shaft for driving the generator to generate electricity and a vertical axis fan blade fixedly connected with the force transmission shaft; the vertical shaft fan foundation is arranged on the ground; the generator is arranged between the vertical shaft fan foundation and the force transmission shaft.
Optionally, the vertical axis fan blades are arranged on the force transmission shaft in an overlapping manner.
Optionally, the vertical axis fan further includes: and two ends of the horizontal support rod are respectively connected with the dowel shaft and the support column.
Optionally, the vertical axis fan further includes: and the supporting damper is arranged at the top of the force transmission shaft.
Optionally, the vertical axis fan is of a phi type or an H type.
Optionally, the integrated shaft wind turbine tower is used for an offshore wind turbine.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) according to the invention, the horizontal axis fan is combined with the vertical axis fan, so that the wind power resource in the full height range of the tower is effectively utilized.
(2) The invention breaks through the limitation that the capacity of the unit can be increased only by increasing the length of the blade of the horizontal shaft fan, and can also increase the capacity of the unit without increasing the length of the blade of the horizontal shaft fan.
(3) The invention improves the generating capacity of a single fan unit and reduces the land occupation cost of the lattice type fan tower.
(4) The invention utilizes the advantage of low starting wind speed of the vertical axis fan, makes up the loss caused by the stagnation of the horizontal axis fan for power generation when the wind speed is lower, comprehensively utilizes high-speed and low-speed wind resources and prolongs the comprehensive power generation time of the fan.
(5) The invention ensures that the single fan generates electricity stably, stabilizes the peak-valley value of the single fan and further reduces the pressure on a power grid.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a lattice type integrated shaft fan tower according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a cavity tower of the present invention without a vertical axis fan.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a vertical axis fan according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a first arrangement of vertical axis fan blades according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a second arrangement of vertical axis fan blades according to the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the connection between the force transmission shaft and the horizontal stay of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a coupling head of a power transmission shaft and a coupling head of a generator according to the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the installation of the cable in the tower of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the connection of the generator of the present invention to a vertical axis wind turbine foundation.
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the installation of the lower tower of the present invention.
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the installation of the generator and vertical axis wind turbine foundation of the present invention.
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the mounting of the fan blades of the present invention.
Fig. 13 is a schematic view of the installation of the horizontal stay of the present invention.
FIG. 14 is a schematic view of the connection of the upper tower and transition section of the present invention.
FIG. 15 is a schematic view of the installation of the upper tower of the present invention.
Fig. 16 is a schematic view showing the installation of the supporting type damper of the present invention.
10-upper tower, 20-transition section,
30-lower tower, 31-support column, 32-transverse support, 33-stay cable, 34-manhole,
40-vertical axis fan, 41-bearing, 42-annular support, 43-horizontal brace rod, 44-force transmission shaft, 45-support damper, 46-generator, 47-vertical axis fan base, 48-vertical axis fan blade, 49-fixed block, 481-connecting inhaul cable,
50-comprehensive shaft fan foundation, 60-cavity tower, 61-cable in tower,
70-dowel shaft connector, 71-spherical node, 72-dowel shaft connector connecting plate,
80-generator connector, 81-slotted hole and 82-spherical groove.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a lattice type integrated axial fan tower according to the present invention. The tower of the invention is connected to the nacelle of a horizontal axis fan, the blades of which are connected to said nacelle (the nacelle and blades of the horizontal axis fan are not shown in the figures). A lattice type integrated axial fan tower of the present invention includes an upper tower 10, a transition section 20, and a lower tower 30. The upper tower frame 10 is a steel tower section, and the top end of the upper tower frame is connected with a cabin of a horizontal shaft fan; the transition section 20 is a plurality of connecting rods which connect the upper tower frame 10 and the lower tower frame 30, so that the upper tower frame 10 and the lower tower frame 30 form a blade which is integrally stressed to support the horizontal shaft fan; the lower tower 30 is in a lattice form, and a vertical axis fan 40 is provided inside the lower tower 30. By combining the vertical axis fan 40 and the horizontal axis fan, the wind power resource in the full height range of the tower is utilized, the generating capacity of a single wind turbine unit is improved, and the floor occupation cost of the lattice type fan tower is reduced.
With continued reference to FIG. 1, lower tower 30 includes: the support column 31 of vertical setting, the horizontal support 32 of connecting support column 31, erect the cable 33 on horizontal support 32 and the support column 31. Wherein, the support column 31 surrounds the outer side of the vertical axis fan 40, the bottom of the support column 31 is connected with the comprehensive axis fan base 50, and the invention is fixed on the comprehensive axis fan base 50.
The cavity tower 60 formed by the upper tower 10, the transition section 20, and the lower tower 30 without the vertical axis fan 40 is shown in fig. 2. In some embodiments, the support columns 31 may be 4, 6, 8, 12 columns depending on the capacity of the vertical axis fan 40. The embodiment in fig. 1 is only illustrated by 8 columns, and a plurality of columns can be adopted when the capacity is large, and a plurality of columns can be adopted when the capacity is small.
The "integrated axis fan" in the present invention refers to a combination of a horizontal axis fan and a vertical axis fan 40. Aiming at the characteristic of high height of the offshore wind turbine, the wind speed of wind resources below the range of the blades of the horizontal axis wind turbine is still high, and the wind energy utilization still has available space. Therefore, the vertical axis fan 40 is installed in a range below the horizontal axis fan blades by utilizing the characteristic of the large column pitch of the lower tower 30. Because the starting wind speed of the vertical axis fan 40 is low, the loss caused by the stagnation power generation of the horizontal axis fan when the wind speed is low can be made up, the high-speed and low-speed wind resources are comprehensively utilized, and the comprehensive power generation time of the fan is prolonged. The invention breaks through the limitation that the capacity of the unit can be increased only by increasing the length of the blade of the horizontal shaft fan, and can also increase the capacity of the unit without increasing the length of the blade of the horizontal shaft fan.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the vertical axis fan 40 mainly includes: the vertical shaft fan comprises a vertical shaft fan foundation 47, a generator 46, a force transmission shaft 44, a vertical shaft fan blade 48, a horizontal support rod 43, a bearing 41, a support type damper 45 and a circumferential support 42. Wherein, the force transmission shaft 44 is fixed on the bearing 41, and the bearing 41 is fixedly connected with the support column 31 of the lower tower 30 through the horizontal support rod 43 and the support type damper 45.
The support-type damper 45 of the present invention functions to isolate the transmission of the excessive vibration of the vertical axis fan 40 to the tower and to support the vertical axis fan 40 when it is normally operated.
In some embodiments, the vertical axis fan 40 may be of a Φ or H-type, with the arrangement of vertical axis fan blades 48 illustrated below as Φ -type vertical axis fan blades 48.
As shown in fig. 4, the vertical axis fan blade 48 is fixed on the force transmission shaft 44 through a fixing block 49, and when wind blows through the vertical axis fan blade 48, the vertical axis fan blade 48 drives the force transmission shaft 44 to rotate, and further drives the bottom generator 46 to generate electricity. Preferably, when the diameter of the vertical axis fan blade 48 is larger, the connecting cable 481 may be arranged to fixedly connect the middle portion of the vertical axis fan blade 48 and the force transmission shaft 44 to resist the inertia force, so as to increase the bearing capacity of the vertical axis fan blade 48.
In some embodiments, to increase wind energy utilization, the vertical axis fan blades 48 may be arranged in an alternating 120 ° overlap, as shown in FIG. 5.
As shown in fig. 6, in some embodiments, the force transmission shaft 44 may be formed by flange connection of common steel pipes or seamless steel pipes, since frequent startup and shutdown are not required.
The connection of the transmission shaft 44 of the present invention to the generator 46 is shown in fig. 7. Wherein, dowel pin connector 70 includes: a spherical joint 71 and a dowel shaft connector connecting plate 72. The transmission shaft 44 is connected with the spherical node 71 in a welding way, and the spherical node 71 is connected with the transmission shaft connector connecting plate 72 in a welding way; the outer side of the generator connector 80 is provided with a spherical groove 82 (generator rotor connector groove), and a slotted hole 81 is arranged in the spherical groove 82.
During specific connection, the force transmission shaft connector 70 can be inserted into the generator connector 80, so that the force transmission shaft 44 can slightly rotate around each direction in the process of transmitting torque to rotate around the axial direction, the acting force transmitted to the force transmission shaft 44 by tower deformation is reduced, and the influence of the tower deformation on the rotor of the generator 46 is further reduced.
As shown in fig. 8, the in-tower cable 61 is mounted to the ground through the cavity connection inside the upper tower 10, the transition section 20, and the support column 31. And later-stage operation and maintenance personnel enter the inside of the supporting column 31 through the manhole 34, climb to the inside of the upper tower 10 and further reach the tower top to maintain the horizontal-axis fan. Meanwhile, as shown in fig. 9, the generator 46 is only arranged on the top surface of the vertical axis fan foundation 47, maintenance of the vertical axis unit is performed on the ground, and operation and maintenance personnel do not need to ascend and maintain.
Example 1
The invention discloses a lattice type comprehensive shaft fan tower which comprises the following steps:
(1) as shown in FIG. 10, after the integrated shaft wind turbine foundation 50 is installed, the lower tower 30 is installed on the integrated shaft wind turbine foundation 50
(2) As shown in fig. 11, a vertical axis wind turbine foundation 47 is constructed inside the lower tower 30 and the generator 46 is installed.
(3) As shown in fig. 12 and 13, the vertical axis fan blade 48 and the force transmission shaft 44 are assembled, and then hoisted to the inside of the lower tower 30, and then the horizontal stay 43 is installed.
(4) As shown in fig. 14 and 15, after the horizontal stay 43 is installed, the transition section 20 is connected to the upper tower 10 at the ground. After connection, the upper tower 10 is hoisted to the lower tower 30.
(5) As shown in fig. 16, after the upper tower 10 is completely hoisted, the supporting damper 45 is installed.
(6) As shown in fig. 8, after the support-type damper 45 is mounted, the in-tower cable 61 is mounted. Wherein the cables in the upper tower 10 may be pre-installed in the tower.
In conclusion, the lattice type comprehensive shaft fan tower disclosed by the invention combines the horizontal shaft fan and the vertical shaft fan, so that the wind power resource in the full height range of the tower is effectively utilized. The advantage that the starting wind speed of the vertical axis fan is low is utilized, loss caused by stagnation power generation of the horizontal axis fan when the wind speed is low is made up, so that the single fan generates power stably, the peak-valley value of the single wind turbine is stabilized, and the pressure on a power grid is reduced.
While the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood that the above description should not be taken as limiting the invention. Various modifications and alterations to this invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the foregoing description. Accordingly, the scope of the invention should be determined from the following claims.

Claims (10)

1. A lattice complex axial fan tower, said tower being connected to a nacelle of a horizontal axis fan, blades of said horizontal axis fan being connected to said nacelle; characterized in that the tower comprises an upper tower (10), a transition section (20) and a lower tower (30);
the top end of the upper tower (10) is connected with a cabin of the horizontal shaft fan;
the transition section (20) connects the upper tower (10) and the lower tower (30);
the lower tower (30) is in a lattice form, and a vertical axis fan (40) is arranged inside the lower tower (30).
2. A lattice composite shaft wind turbine tower according to claim 1, characterised in that the upper tower (10) is a tower section made of steel.
3. The lattice composite shaft wind turbine tower of claim 1, wherein the transition section (20) comprises: a plurality of connecting rods connecting the upper tower (10) and the lower tower (30).
4. The lattice composite shaft wind turbine tower of claim 1, wherein the lower tower (30) comprises: the device comprises a plurality of vertically arranged supporting columns (31), transverse supports (32) connected with the supporting columns (31), and inhaul cables (33) erected on the transverse supports (32) and the supporting columns (31); the support column (31) surrounds the outside of the vertical axis fan (40).
5. The lattice integrated shaft fan tower of claim 4 in which the vertical shaft fan (40) includes: the vertical shaft fan comprises a vertical shaft fan foundation (47), a generator (46), a force transmission shaft (44) for driving the generator (46) to generate electricity, and vertical shaft fan blades (48) fixedly connected with the force transmission shaft (44); the vertical shaft fan foundation (47) is arranged on the ground; the generator (46) is arranged between the vertical shaft fan foundation (47) and the force transmission shaft (44).
6. A lattice composite shaft wind turbine tower according to claim 5, characterised in that said vertical axis wind turbine blades (48) are arranged overlapping on said force transmission shaft (44).
7. The lattice integrated shaft fan tower of claim 5 in which the vertical shaft fan (40) further comprises: two ends of the horizontal support rod (43) are respectively connected with the force transmission shaft (44) and the support column (31).
8. The lattice integrated shaft fan tower of claim 5 in which the vertical shaft fan (40) further comprises: and a support type damper (45) arranged on the top of the force transmission shaft (44).
9. The lattice composite shaft wind turbine tower of claim 1, wherein the vertical shaft wind turbine (40) is of a Φ type or an H type.
10. The lattice integrated shaft wind turbine tower of claim 1, wherein the integrated shaft wind turbine tower is for an offshore wind turbine.
CN202011392384.8A 2020-12-01 2020-12-01 Lattice type comprehensive shaft fan tower Active CN112523967B (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202011392384.8A CN112523967B (en) 2020-12-01 2020-12-01 Lattice type comprehensive shaft fan tower

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202011392384.8A CN112523967B (en) 2020-12-01 2020-12-01 Lattice type comprehensive shaft fan tower

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CN112523967A true CN112523967A (en) 2021-03-19
CN112523967B CN112523967B (en) 2022-02-15

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN201671770U (en) * 2010-05-27 2010-12-15 吴速 Wind power generation device combined with parallel shafts and vertical shafts
DE202012002686U1 (en) * 2012-03-15 2012-04-03 Dirk Tesche Supplementary and retrofittable wind turbine extension with vertical rotors in connection with existing or new wind turbines
CN103925149A (en) * 2014-04-29 2014-07-16 苏州飞能可再生能源科技有限公司 Assembled low-gravity-center efficient vertical shaft wind turbine
CN206707932U (en) * 2017-03-03 2017-12-05 青岛中天斯壮科技有限公司 The antifatigue combining structure wind tower of prestressing force
CN110425096A (en) * 2019-09-03 2019-11-08 杨培 A kind of tower fan wind power generating set

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN201671770U (en) * 2010-05-27 2010-12-15 吴速 Wind power generation device combined with parallel shafts and vertical shafts
DE202012002686U1 (en) * 2012-03-15 2012-04-03 Dirk Tesche Supplementary and retrofittable wind turbine extension with vertical rotors in connection with existing or new wind turbines
CN103925149A (en) * 2014-04-29 2014-07-16 苏州飞能可再生能源科技有限公司 Assembled low-gravity-center efficient vertical shaft wind turbine
CN206707932U (en) * 2017-03-03 2017-12-05 青岛中天斯壮科技有限公司 The antifatigue combining structure wind tower of prestressing force
CN110425096A (en) * 2019-09-03 2019-11-08 杨培 A kind of tower fan wind power generating set

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