CN112517912A - Surface anticorrosion treatment method for powder metallurgy iron-based part - Google Patents
Surface anticorrosion treatment method for powder metallurgy iron-based part Download PDFInfo
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- CN112517912A CN112517912A CN202011256681.XA CN202011256681A CN112517912A CN 112517912 A CN112517912 A CN 112517912A CN 202011256681 A CN202011256681 A CN 202011256681A CN 112517912 A CN112517912 A CN 112517912A
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000015393 sodium molybdate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011684 sodium molybdate Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- TVXXNOYZHKPKGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium molybdate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O TVXXNOYZHKPKGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- BWDBEAQIHAEVLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-methylheptan-1-ol Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCO BWDBEAQIHAEVLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000663 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004354 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001213 Polysorbate 20 Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019447 hydroxyethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000256 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000010486 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910001430 chromium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- JOPOVCBBYLSVDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium(6+) Chemical compound [Cr+6] JOPOVCBBYLSVDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 2
- 206010028980 Neoplasm Diseases 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 7
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910017112 Fe—C Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000006061 abrasive grain Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910000611 Zinc aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- HXFVOUUOTHJFPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane;zinc Chemical compound [AlH3].[Zn] HXFVOUUOTHJFPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000003618 dip coating Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromate(2-) Chemical compound [O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichromium trioxide Chemical compound O=[Cr]O[Cr]=O QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- 208000005623 Carcinogenesis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005587 bubbling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036952 cancer formation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000504 carcinogenesis Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 chromate compound Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L chromic acid Substances O[Cr](O)(=O)=O KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005536 corrosion prevention Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- AWJWCTOOIBYHON-UHFFFAOYSA-N furo[3,4-b]pyrazine-5,7-dione Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=N1 AWJWCTOOIBYHON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910017053 inorganic salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009545 invasion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- MEFBJEMVZONFCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdate Chemical compound [O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O MEFBJEMVZONFCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000011837 pasties Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003223 protective agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
- B22F3/26—Impregnating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
- B22F2003/248—Thermal after-treatment
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a surface anticorrosion treatment method for a powder metallurgy iron-based part, which specifically comprises the following steps: step 1, pretreating the surface of a part; step 2, soaking the parts treated in the step 1 in a copper solution or an epoxy resin solution to carry out hole sealing; step 3, preparing green Dacromet mixed liquor; step 4, coating the Dacromet mixed solution prepared in the step 3 on the surface of the part; and 5, curing and sintering the part coated with the solution in the step 4. The invention solves the problems that the binding force between the surface corrosion-resistant layer and the matrix of the Dacromet treatment of the current powder metallurgy part is poor, the service life of a salt spray experiment is short, and the hexavalent chromium ions are contained and cause cancers.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metal surface treatment, and relates to a surface anti-corrosion treatment method for a powder metallurgy iron-based part.
Background
The iron-based powder metallurgy part has unique chemical composition, physical and mechanical properties which cannot be obtained by the traditional casting process, controllable porosity of the material, uniform tissue, no macrosegregation, good large-scale production and repeatability, high surface smoothness and precision. Therefore, the method is widely applied to the fields of automobiles, instruments, engineering machinery, aerospace and the like, in particular to the fields of some precision machinery. However, iron is easily rusted, and therefore, a part needs to be subjected to surface treatment, and the part has a certain porosity more or less due to the fact that the part is prepared by adopting a powder metallurgy technology, and if an inappropriate surface treatment technology such as electroplating, blackening and the like is adopted, the part cannot play a role in beautifying and corrosion prevention, but the corrosion of the part is accelerated due to the existence of pores.
Currently, iron-based powder metallurgy parts not only require near net shape, but also develop toward high density, high strength and high toughness. Meanwhile, various workpiece surface treatment methods are diversified, and the traditional technologies of electroplating, blackening and the like cannot meet the requirements of environmental protection. Therefore, the method has important significance in finding a part surface treatment process which has corrosion resistance and is relatively environment-friendly.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a surface anticorrosion treatment method for a powder metallurgy iron-based part, which solves the problems of poor binding force between a surface anticorrosion layer and a matrix, short service life of a salt spray experiment and carcinogenesis of hexavalent chromium ions in the prior Dacromet treatment of the powder metallurgy part.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the method for performing surface anticorrosion treatment on the powder metallurgy iron-based part specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1, pretreating the surface of a part;
step 2, soaking the parts treated in the step 1 in a copper solution or an epoxy resin solution to carry out hole sealing;
step 3, preparing green Dacromet mixed liquor;
step 4, coating the Dacromet mixed solution prepared in the step 3 on the surface of the part;
and 5, curing and sintering the part coated with the solution in the step 4.
The present invention is also characterized in that,
the specific process of the step 1 is as follows:
deburring the edges and corners of the parts; and removing the oxide on the surface of the part by adopting a solid sand blasting mode.
And (3) sealing holes in the step 2 for 2-3 minutes.
The specific process of the step 3 is as follows:
step 3.1, stirring 2.4-3.6% of Tween-20 solution, 8-14% of ethylene glycol solution, 2-3% of sodium molybdate particles and deionized water on a magnetic stirrer at normal temperature until the sodium molybdate is completely dissolved to obtain a mixed solution A;
step 3.2, adding 18-32% of flaky zinc powder and 6-15% of flaky aluminum powder into the mixed solution A in sequence, and stirring on a magnetic stirrer until the powder slurry is completely and uniformly dispersed to obtain a mixed solution B;
step 3.3, adding 10-12% of KH560 and an acrylic resin solution into the mixed solution B, and stirring for 5-6 hours at normal temperature on a magnetic stirrer to obtain a mixed solution C;
and 3.4, sequentially adding 3-5 drops of hydroxyethyl cellulose ether solution and 3-5 drops of isooctanol solution into the mixed solution C, stirring for 12-24 hours at normal temperature, then adding 0.5-1.8% ammonia water solution, and stirring for 2-3 hours at normal temperature to obtain the green Dacromet coating liquid.
And 4, when the Dacromet mixed solution is coated in the step 4, the spraying distance is 250-270 mm.
The specific process of the step 5 is as follows:
and (4) preheating the part coated in the step (4) for 10 minutes by heating the part to 80-110 ℃ in a common box-type furnace, slowly heating the part to 280-300 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/minute, preserving the heat for 20-30 minutes, and cooling the part to room temperature along with the furnace.
The invention has the advantages that the invention adopts special surface (hole sealing) pretreatment; metal Zn powder and Al powder with special shapes and sizes are adopted and regulated. Process parameters different from classical dacromet treatment; inorganic salt meeting the environmental protection requirement is used for replacing chromate containing hexavalent chromium ions; the solidification sintering process is improved, and the bonding strength and the surface quality reduction caused by volatilization of organic elements in the mixed solution during sintering are avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an SEM image of angular silicon carbide particles during surface pretreatment of a powder metallurgy iron-based part according to a method for surface anti-corrosion treatment of the part of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Dacromet surface technology, also called non-electrolytic flaky zinc powder coating, is a coating with anticorrosion property, which is mainly prepared by mixing zinc-aluminum powder, chromic anhydride, dispersant, protective agent, deionized water and other additives according to a certain proportion, the Dacromet coating liquid is coated on the surface of a part by adopting a spraying, dip-coating, brush coating or spin coating method, and after primary drying at 80-110 ℃, the Dacromet coating liquid is cured and sintered at (290 +/-10) DEG C to prepare the Dacromet coating. Table 1 is a comparison of the dacromet technique and the conventionally used metal part surface treatment technique.
TABLE 1 comparison of Dacromet with conventionally used surface treatment techniques for metal parts
The anticorrosion mechanism of the dacromet coating is mainly a physical shielding effect, a passivation effect and an electrochemical protection effect. Cr in the coating liquid during sintering and curing6+Will be reduced to be similar to nCrO3·mCrO3The composite chromate compound can bond a plurality of layers of flaky zinc-aluminum powder in the coating liquid together to form a compact protective layer which is firmly adhered to the surface of the metal. At the same time, chromic acid in the coating oxidizes with the steel substrate to form a gel-like chromate passive film (Fe)2O3·Cr2O3) And after curing, a complete and compact coating is formed, and the invasion of corrosive media is prevented.
The invention relates to a surface anticorrosion treatment method for a powder metallurgy iron-based part, which specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1: surface pretreatment: the burrs at the edges and corners of the part are removed by a rotary open-type deburring device (filled with a certain amount of silicon carbide particles with edges and corners), and the adhesion products such as surface oxides and the like are removed by a solid sand blasting mode.
Parameters of the deburring device: the grain diameter of the abrasive grains is 8-30 mu m, the abrasive concentration is 40-50%, the extrusion force is 4.5-6.8 MPa, and the processing time is 60 min. The SEM image of the silicon carbide particles is shown in fig. 1.
The sand blasting process parameters are as follows: the air pressure is 0.5-0.7 MPa, the sand blasting distance is 130-140 mm, the sand blasting angle is 70 degrees, the sand blasting time is 20s, the grinding material is 80-mesh granular brown corundum sand, and the average grain diameter is 178 mu m.
Step 2: hole sealing treatment: because the Dacromet mixed solution can permeate into the material due to the existence of pores, the performance of the material is not affected well, two hole sealing technologies are selected according to the working condition of the material, and if the performance requirement of the material is higher, low-melting-point metal is adopted for sealing holes by fusion and leaching; if the requirement on the service of the material is not high, the epoxy resin is adopted for sealing the holes.
The method adopts low-melting-point copper or epoxy resin to seal the hole, the part to be sealed is soaked in copper solution or epoxy resin solution, and the part is taken out after 2-3 minutes to complete the hole sealing.
And step 3: preparing green mixed liquor of dacromet: zn powder and Al powder are one of the main components in Dacromet coating liquid, and flaky metal powder is selected for preparing the coating liquid to form a laminated structure. The granularity of the powder is an important factor influencing the microstructure of the coating, the small granularity is selected to form accumulation, the zinc sheet and the aluminum sheet are not obviously combined, and the corrosion resistance of the coating is reduced by the structure. The flake powder with larger grain size (more than or equal to 10 mu m) is selected, and a good layered structure can be formed in the microstructure of the coating. The temperature is controlled by taking nitrogen as protective gas and circulating cooling water of a grinding pump jacket, and flaky metal powder with the particle size of about 13-17 mu m is prepared by adopting a dry stirring ball milling method so as to meet the requirement of the Dacromet coating on the particle size of the zinc-aluminum powder.
The pH value is kept at 8.0-9.0, and the wetting agent combines the metal powder and the water-based solution in the coating liquid to make the coating liquid become a uniform and stable solution.
For the adhesive, non-polluted molybdate is selected as a passivating agent, and a proper amount of organic resin is added to replace polluted chromic anhydride. The proportions of the respective components are shown in Table 2. The prepared Dacromet mixed liquor is pasty.
TABLE 2 Dacromet compositions and uses
The preparation process comprises the following steps:
2.4 to 3.6 percent of Tween-20 solution, 8 to 14 percent of glycol solution, 2 to 3 percent of sodium molybdate particles and deionized water (the balance) are stirred on a magnetic stirrer at normal temperature until the sodium molybdate is completely dissolved. Then, 18-32% of flaky zinc powder and 6-15% of flaky aluminum powder (the diameter of metal powder particles is about 13-17 mu m) are sequentially added into the solution, and the mixture is stirred on a magnetic stirrer until the slurry is completely and uniformly dispersed. Then adding 10-12% of KH560 and an acrylic resin solution into the powder slurry, stirring for 5-6 h on a magnetic stirrer at normal temperature, then sequentially adding 3-5 drops of a hydroxyethyl cellulose ether solution and 3-5 drops of an isooctanol solution, stirring for 12-24 h at normal temperature, then adding 0.5-1.8% of an ammonia water solution, and stirring for 2-3 h at normal temperature to prepare the green Dacromet coating liquid. The rotating speed of the magnetic stirrer in the coating liquid preparation process is 900 r/min.
And 4, step 4: and coating a green Dacromet coating liquid. According to the size of the treated part, the prepared Dacromet mixed liquid can be brushed on the surface of the large part by a common brush or sprayed by a spray gun, and the small-sized part is dipped (the part is directly soaked in a container filled with the mixed liquid).
The invention adopts the modes of dip coating, brush coating or spray coating to spray the coating liquid on the surface of the part, and the thickness is about 10 mu m.
Spraying parameters: the caliber of the spray gun is 1.8mm, the spraying distance is 250-270 mm, and the moving speed is 10 m/min.
And 5: and (5) solidifying and sintering. And (4) preheating the part coated in the step (4) for 10 minutes by heating the part to 80-110 ℃ in a common box-type furnace, slowly heating the part to 280-300 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/minute, preserving the heat for 20-30 minutes, and cooling the part to room temperature along with the furnace.
If a coating with a larger thickness is needed, after the sample is cooled, the step 4 and the step 5 can be repeated, and the thickness of the coating is about 10-15 microns after each coating, sintering and curing. The sample is subjected to multiple coating curing processes to ultimately obtain a target thickness of the dacromet coating.
And (5) post-treatment. Including surface inspection, thickness measurement, different color matching treatment, etc. The surface of the coating is inspected to avoid the phenomena of bubbling and uneven coating. And detecting the thickness of the coating by using a thickness meter or a metallographic method. The coating treated by the dacromet is matt silver gray, and can be coated with paint in different colors or not treated according to requirements.
Example 1
The method is characterized in that the Dacromet coating with the thickness of about 10 mu m is coated on the surface of powder metallurgy pure iron with the size of 30mm x 30mm x 10mm, and specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1: surface pretreatment: the burrs at the edges and corners of the pure iron are removed by a rotary open-type deburring device (filled with a certain amount of silicon carbide particles with edges and corners), and the adhesion products such as surface oxides and the like are removed by a solid sand blasting mode.
Parameters of the deburring device: the grain diameter of the abrasive grains is 8 mu m, the abrasive concentration is 40 percent, the extrusion force is 4.5MPa, and the processing time is 60 min.
The sand blasting process parameters are as follows: the air pressure is 0.5MPa, the sand blasting distance is 130mm, the sand blasting angle is 70 degrees, the sand blasting time is 20s, the abrasive is 80-mesh granular brown corundum sand, and the average grain diameter is 178 mu m.
Step 2: hole sealing treatment: and (3) sealing holes by adopting low-melting-point copper, soaking pure iron to be sealed in the copper solution, and taking out the pure iron after 3 minutes to finish the sealing holes.
And step 3: preparing green mixed liquor of dacromet: 2.4g of Tween-20 solution, 8g of ethylene glycol solution, 2g of sodium molybdate particles and 52ml of deionized water are weighed and stirred on a magnetic stirrer at normal temperature until the sodium molybdate is completely dissolved. Then, 18g of flaky zinc powder and 6g of flaky aluminum powder (the diameter of metal powder particles is about 13-17 mu m) are sequentially added into the solution, and the mixture is stirred on a magnetic stirrer until the slurry is completely and uniformly dispersed. Then 4g of KH560 solution and 6g of acrylic resin solution are sequentially added into the powder slurry according to the ratio of 2:3, the mixture is stirred for 5 hours on a magnetic stirrer at normal temperature, then 3 drops of hydroxyethyl cellulose ether solution and 3 drops of isooctanol solution are sequentially added, the mixture is stirred for 12 hours at normal temperature, then 0.5g of ammonia water solution is added, and the mixture is stirred for 2 hours at normal temperature, so that the green Dacromet coating liquid is prepared. The rotating speed of the magnetic stirrer in the coating liquid preparation process is 900 r/min.
And 4, step 4: and coating a green Dacromet coating liquid. And immersing pure iron into the coating liquid in a dip coating mode, standing for 1-2 min, taking out, and spin-drying on a spin-drying device at the rotating speed of 800rad/s to obtain the coating with the thickness of about 10 microns.
And 5: and (5) solidifying and sintering. And (4) heating the pure iron coated in the step (4) to 80 ℃ in a common box furnace, preheating for 10 minutes, slowly heating to 280 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/minute, preserving the heat for 20 minutes, and then cooling to room temperature along with the furnace to obtain a coating with the thickness of about 10 mu m.
After cooling, steps 4 and 5 were repeated once and the sample was subjected to a two-coat curing process to finally obtain a Dacromet coating having a thickness of about 20 μm.
Example 2
The method is characterized in that the surface of a powder metallurgy Fe-C alloy with the size of 70mm x 55mm x 20mm is coated with Dacromet paint with the thickness of about 20 mu m, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1: surface pretreatment: a rotary open deburring device (provided with a certain amount of angular silicon carbide particles) is adopted to remove burrs at the edges and corners of the Fe-C alloy, and a solid sand blasting mode is adopted to remove attachment products such as surface oxides.
Parameters of the deburring device: the grain diameter of the abrasive grains is 15 mu m, the abrasive concentration is 45 percent, the extrusion force is 5.2MPa, and the processing time is 60 min.
The sand blasting process parameters are as follows: the air pressure is 0.6MPa, the sand blasting distance is 135mm, the sand blasting angle is 70 degrees, the sand blasting time is 20s, the abrasive is 80-mesh granular brown corundum sand, and the average grain diameter is 178 mu m.
Step 2: and (5) hole sealing treatment. And (3) sealing holes by adopting low-melting-point copper, soaking the Fe-C alloy to be sealed in the metal solution, and taking out the alloy after 3 minutes to finish the sealing holes.
And step 3: preparing green mixed liquor of dacromet: 3g of Tween-20 solution, 11g of ethylene glycol solution, 2.5g of sodium molybdate particles and 35.65ml of deionized water are weighed and stirred on a magnetic stirrer at normal temperature until the sodium molybdate is completely dissolved. Then, 25g of flaky zinc powder and 10g of flaky aluminum powder (the diameter of metal powder particles is about 13-17 mu m) are sequentially added into the solution, and the mixture is stirred on a magnetic stirrer until the slurry is completely and uniformly dispersed. Then 3.96g of KH560 solution and 7.04g of acrylic resin solution are sequentially added into the powder slurry according to the ratio of 1.8:3.2, stirred for 5 hours on a magnetic stirrer at normal temperature, then 4 drops of hydroxyethyl cellulose ether solution and 4 drops of isooctanol solution are sequentially added, stirred for 16 hours at normal temperature, then 1.1g of ammonia water solution is added, and stirred for 2 hours at normal temperature, thus obtaining the green Dacromet coating liquid. The rotating speed of the magnetic stirrer in the coating liquid preparation process is 900 r/min.
And 4, step 4: and coating a green Dacromet coating liquid. The coating solution is coated on the surface of the Fe-C alloy by a brush coating mode through a fine and soft brush, and the thickness of the coating is about 10 mu m.
And 5: and (5) solidifying and sintering. And (4) heating the Fe-C alloy coated in the step (4) to 95 ℃ in a common box furnace, preheating for 10 minutes, slowly heating to 290 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/minute, preserving the heat for 25 minutes, and cooling to room temperature along with the furnace to obtain a coating with the thickness of about 10 mu m.
After cooling, steps 4 and 5 were repeated once and the sample was subjected to a two-coat curing process to finally obtain a Dacromet coating having a thickness of about 20 μm.
Example 3
The method is characterized in that the surface of a powder metallurgy Fe-C-Cu alloy with the size of 120mm x 110mm x 25mm is coated with Dacromet paint with the thickness of about 30 mu m, and specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1: surface pretreatment: and removing burrs at the edges and corners of the Fe-C-Cu alloy by using a rotary open deburring device (filled with a certain amount of silicon carbide particles with edges and corners), and removing attachment products such as surface oxides and the like by using a solid sand blasting mode.
Parameters of the deburring device: the grain diameter of the abrasive grains is 25 mu m, the abrasive concentration is 50 percent, the extrusion force is 6.8MPa, and the processing time is 60 min.
The sand blasting process parameters are as follows: the air pressure is 0.7MPa, the sand blasting distance is 140mm, the sand blasting angle is 70 degrees, the sand blasting time is 20s, the abrasive is 80-mesh granular brown corundum sand, and the average grain diameter is 178 mu m.
Step 2: and (5) hole sealing treatment. And (3) sealing holes by adopting epoxy resin, soaking the Fe-C-Cu alloy to be sealed in the epoxy resin solution, and taking out the alloy for 3 minutes to finish sealing holes.
And step 3: preparing green mixed liquor of dacromet: 7.2g of Tween-20 solution, 28g of ethylene glycol solution, 6g of sodium molybdate particles and 35.2ml of deionized water are weighed and stirred on a magnetic stirrer at normal temperature until the sodium molybdate is completely dissolved. Then, 64g of flaky zinc powder and 30g of flaky aluminum powder (the diameter of metal powder particles is about 13-17 mu m) are sequentially added into the solution, and the mixture is stirred on a magnetic stirrer until the slurry is completely and uniformly dispersed. Then, 10.56g of KH560 solution and 13.44g of acrylic resin solution are sequentially added into the powder slurry according to the ratio of 2.2:2.8, stirred on a magnetic stirrer at normal temperature for 6 hours, then, 5 drops of hydroxyethyl cellulose ether solution and 5 drops of isooctanol solution are sequentially added, stirred at normal temperature for 20 hours, then, 3.6g of ammonia water solution is added, and stirred at normal temperature for 3 hours, so as to prepare the green Dacromet coating liquid. The rotating speed of the magnetic stirrer in the coating liquid preparation process is 900 r/min.
And 4, step 4: and coating a green Dacromet coating liquid. The coating liquid is sprayed on the surface of the Fe-C-Cu alloy by a spray gun spraying mode, and the thickness is about 10 mu m.
Spraying parameters: the caliber of the spray gun is 1.8mm, the spraying distance is 260mm, and the moving speed is 10 m/min.
And 5: and (5) solidifying and sintering. And (4) heating the Fe-C-Cu alloy coated in the step (4) to 110 ℃ in a common box furnace, preheating for 10 minutes, slowly heating to 300 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/minute, preserving the heat for 30 minutes, and cooling to room temperature along with the furnace to obtain a coating with the thickness of about 10 mu m.
After cooling, steps 4 and 5 were repeated twice, and the sample was subjected to three coating curing processes, resulting in a Dacromet coating thickness of about 30 μm.
Coating Performance testing
The coatings obtained in the three embodiments are respectively subjected to conventional performance detection such as adhesive force, hardness and the like and corrosion resistance detection. The results of the coating property measurements are shown in table 3.
Table 3 coating performance testing of the examples
Claims (6)
1. A method for surface anticorrosion treatment of powder metallurgy iron-based parts is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1, pretreating the surface of a part;
step 2, soaking the parts treated in the step 1 in a copper solution or an epoxy resin solution to carry out hole sealing;
step 3, preparing green Dacromet mixed liquor;
step 4, coating the Dacromet mixed solution prepared in the step 3 on the surface of the part;
and 5, curing and sintering the part coated with the solution in the step 4.
2. A method for surface anti-corrosion treatment of powder metallurgy iron-based parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: the specific process of the step 1 is as follows:
deburring the edges and corners of the parts; and removing the oxide on the surface of the part by adopting a solid sand blasting mode.
3. A method for surface anti-corrosion treatment of powder metallurgy iron-based parts according to claim 2, characterized in that: and the hole sealing time in the step 2 is 2-3 minutes.
4. A method for surface anti-corrosion treatment of powder metallurgy iron-based parts according to claim 3, characterized in that: the specific process of the step 3 is as follows:
step 3.1, stirring 2.4-3.6% of Tween-20 solution, 8-14% of ethylene glycol solution, 2-3% of sodium molybdate particles and deionized water on a magnetic stirrer at normal temperature until the sodium molybdate is completely dissolved to obtain a mixed solution A;
step 3.2, adding 18-32% of flaky zinc powder and 6-15% of flaky aluminum powder into the mixed solution A in sequence, and stirring on a magnetic stirrer until the powder slurry is completely and uniformly dispersed to obtain a mixed solution B;
step 3.3, adding 10-12% of KH560 and an acrylic resin solution into the mixed solution B, and stirring for 5-6 hours at normal temperature on a magnetic stirrer to obtain a mixed solution C;
and 3.4, sequentially adding 3-5 drops of hydroxyethyl cellulose ether solution and 3-5 drops of isooctanol solution into the mixed solution C, stirring for 12-24 hours at normal temperature, then adding 0.5-1.8% ammonia water solution, and stirring for 2-3 hours at normal temperature to obtain the green Dacromet coating liquid.
5. A method of surface anti-corrosion treatment for powder metallurgy iron-based parts according to claim 4, characterized in that: and when the Dacromet mixed solution is coated in the step 4, the spraying distance is 250-270 mm.
6. A method of surface anti-corrosion treatment for powder metallurgy iron-based parts according to claim 4, characterized in that: the specific process of the step 5 is as follows:
and (4) preheating the part coated in the step (4) for 10 minutes by heating the part to 80-110 ℃ in a common box-type furnace, slowly heating the part to 280-300 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/minute, preserving the heat for 20-30 minutes, and cooling the part to room temperature along with the furnace.
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