CN112517910A - Method for improving strength of high-porosity layered porous titanium and titanium alloy - Google Patents
Method for improving strength of high-porosity layered porous titanium and titanium alloy Download PDFInfo
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- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 93
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 93
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000012784 inorganic fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
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- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011268 mixed slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009210 therapy by ultrasound Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002037 poly(vinyl butyral) polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
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- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
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- 229910000883 Ti6Al4V Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
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- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/11—Making porous workpieces or articles
- B22F3/1121—Making porous workpieces or articles by using decomposable, meltable or sublimatable fillers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/10—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/1003—Use of special medium during sintering, e.g. sintering aid
- B22F3/1007—Atmosphere
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C47/00—Making alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
- C22C47/14—Making alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments by powder metallurgy, i.e. by processing mixtures of metal powder and fibres or filaments
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C49/00—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
- C22C49/02—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments characterised by the matrix material
- C22C49/10—Refractory metals
- C22C49/11—Titanium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C49/00—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for improving the strength of high-porosity layered porous titanium and titanium alloy, which comprises the following steps: step by stepStep 1, preparing slurry; step 2, performing ball milling treatment on the slurry obtained in the step 1; step 3, freezing the slurry obtained in the step 2 to obtain a cylindrical composite frozen body Fn(ii) a Step 4, the cylindrical composite frozen body F obtained in the step 3 is processednFreeze-drying under vacuum to obtain cylindrical composite frozen body FnSublimating the solvent crystal to obtain a porous blank; and 5, sintering the porous blank obtained in the step 4 in vacuum to obtain the inorganic fiber reinforced layered titanium alloy porous material. The invention solves the problem of low compressive strength of the high-porosity layered titanium alloy prepared by the existing method.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of material preparation, and relates to a method for improving the strength of high-porosity layered porous titanium and titanium alloy.
Background
Titanium and titanium alloys are widely used in the biomedical field due to their low density, high strength, excellent corrosion resistance and good biocompatibility. However, the mismatch in young's modulus between titanium alloys and bone presents problems for their application. For example, the young's modulus of TC4 titanium alloy is about 110GPa, much higher than that of bone (<40 GPa). The large difference in modulus will lead to a "stress shielding" effect, further causing bone resorption and implant loosening. As most of the hole structures of cancellous bones of human bodies are lamellar structures, Torres Y et al, published in Materials and Design 2014, paper Design, processing and characterization of titanium coatings with graded porosity, and research on alternative to stress-shielding solutions, show that titanium and titanium alloys are subjected to porous treatment, and the generated hole structures are beneficial to reducing the stress shielding effect by reducing the modulus. Therefore, the porosity becomes an effective means for lowering the Young's modulus of the titanium alloy.
Freeze drying is a common method for preparing high-porosity layered porous materials, and the pore structure prepared by the method is similar to that of natural bones. The principle of the freeze-drying method is to freeze liquid suspension slurry (water-based and non-water-based) to convert the solvent in the slurry into special-shaped 'ice crystals', extrude solid powder particles to intercrystalline positions, sublimate the solvent from solid state to gaseous state under vacuum to remove the solidified phase solvent, obtain a loose porous material preform, and finally densify and sinter the preform to prepare the porous material. At home and abroad, the high-porosity layered porous titanium and titanium alloy are prepared by adopting a freeze-drying method, but the strength of the titanium and titanium alloy is far lower than the compressive strength (about 200MPa) of cortical bone. Published literature: a report on porous structures and mechanical properties of porous titanium by bidirectional compressive casting, published by Yan et al, selected from Materials Science and Engineering C2017, volume 75, page 335, 340, produced a layered porous titanium with a porosity of 67% and a compressive strength of 58MPa by two-way freeze-drying. The paper "structural-processing coatings and mechanical properties in front of Ti-6Al-4V with high aligned porosity and a light weight Ti-6Al-4V-PMMA composition with excellent energy absorption capacity", published by Weaver et Al, is selected from Acta Materialia 2017, volume 132, page 182 and page 192, and the porous Ti6Al4V alloy is prepared by freeze-oriented freeze-drying method, and the mechanical property test result shows that the quasi-static compressive strength is 83MPa when the porosity is 64%. Although the layered porous titanium and titanium alloy with high porosity are prepared, the compressive strength is lower than that of cortical bone.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for improving the strength of high-porosity layered porous titanium and titanium alloy, and solves the problem of low compressive strength of high-porosity layered titanium alloy prepared by the conventional method.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the method for improving the strength of the high-porosity layered porous titanium and the titanium alloy specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1, preparing slurry;
step 2, performing ball milling treatment on the slurry obtained in the step 1;
step 3, freezing the slurry obtained in the step 2 to obtain a cylindrical composite frozen body;
step 4, freezing and drying the cylindrical composite frozen body obtained in the step 3 in a vacuum environment to sublimate solvent crystals in the cylindrical composite frozen body to obtain a porous blank body;
and 5, sintering the porous blank obtained in the step 4 in vacuum to obtain the inorganic fiber reinforced layered titanium alloy porous material.
The invention is also characterized in that:
the specific process of the step 1 is as follows:
sequentially adding a dispersing agent and a binder into a solvent, then adding inorganic fibers and metal particles, mixing to obtain slurry, and preparing ceramic slurry with n being more than or equal to 2 groups, wherein the mark is T1，T2，T3，…，Tn-1，TnWherein the volume ratio of the inorganic fibers in the n-th group of pulps is larger than the volume ratio of the solvent in the n-1 th group of pulps.
The solvent in the step 1 is deionized water;
the dispersing agent is any one of polyacrylate, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl butyral and citric acid;
the inorganic fiber is any one of silicon carbide fiber, alumina fiber, silicon oxide fiber and carbon fiber.
In the step 1, the addition amount of the dispersing agent is 2 wt.%, the addition amount of the binder is 0.2 wt.%, and the addition amount of the inorganic fiber is 1-10 vol.%.
The specific process of the step 2 is as follows:
and (3) transferring the slurry obtained in the step (1) into a ball milling tank, and carrying out ball milling treatment in a roller ball mill to obtain stable mixed slurry, wherein the rotating speed of the ball mill is 300r/min, and the ball milling time is 24-48 h.
The specific process of the step 3 is as follows:
carrying out ultrasonic treatment on the slurry obtained in the step 2 to remove air bubbles in the slurry, and then carrying out freezing treatment, wherein directional freezing is adopted for freezing, a freezing mold is adopted for freezing, the side wall of the freezing mold is made of a tubular heat-insulating material, the bottom surface of the freezing mold is made of a heat-conducting metal, and the freezing direction is vertical to the ground and upward;
the total n of the freezing molds is more than or equal to 2 groups and respectively marked as M1，M2，M3，…，Mn-1，MnThe composite frozen bodies obtained after each freezing are respectively marked as F1，F2，F3，…，Fn-1，Fn(ii) a The directional freezing temperature is-20 to-10 ℃; the freezing mould is a cylindrical polyvinyl chloride pipe, and the freezing time t is more than or equal to 7 h.
The method for improving the strength of the layered porous titanium and the titanium alloy with high porosity has the beneficial effects that the inorganic fiber is introduced into the layered titanium alloy, so that the compressive strength of the porous material is improved on the premise of ensuring the porous functionality and not reducing the porosity of the porous titanium alloy, and the method has wide application prospect in the field of biological medical treatment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an inorganic SiC fiber reinforced layered Ti6Al4V alloy prepared in a method for improving the strength of high-porosity layered porous titanium and titanium alloys.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The invention provides a method for improving the strength of high-porosity layered porous titanium and titanium alloy, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, preparing slurry;
sequentially adding a dispersing agent and a binder into a solvent, then adding inorganic fibers and metal particles, mixing to obtain slurry, and preparing ceramic slurry with n being more than or equal to 2 groups, wherein the mark is T1，T2，T3，…，Tn-1，TnWherein the volume ratio of the inorganic fibers in the n-th group of pulps is larger than the volume ratio of the solvent in the n-1 th group of pulps.
The solvent is deionized water; the dispersing agent is any one of polyacrylate, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl butyral and citric acid; the metal particles are Ti6Al4V alloy; the inorganic fiber is any one of silicon carbide fiber, alumina fiber, silicon oxide fiber and carbon fiber; the addition amount of the dispersant was 2 wt.%, and the addition amount of the binder was 0.2 wt.%; the overall solid content of the porous material is 20 vol.%, and the addition amount of the inorganic fibers is 1-10 vol.%.
Step 2, ball milling;
the slurry T obtained in the step 1 isnTransferring the mixture into a ball milling tank, and carrying out ball milling treatment in a roller ball mill to obtain stable mixed slurry. The rotating speed of the ball mill is 300r/min, and the ball milling time is 24-48 h.
Step 3, freezing;
and (3) carrying out ultrasonic treatment (30 minutes) on the slurry obtained in the step (2) to remove air bubbles in the slurry, and carrying out freezing treatment, wherein directional freezing is adopted for freezing, a freezing mold is adopted for freezing, the side wall of the freezing mold is made of a tubular heat-insulating material, the bottom surface of the freezing mold is made of a heat-conducting metal, and the freezing direction is vertical to the ground and is upward. The total n of the freezing molds is more than or equal to 2 groups and respectively marked as M1，M2，M3，…，Mn-1，MnThe composite frozen bodies obtained after each freezing are respectively marked as F1，F2，F3，…，Fn-1，Fn(ii) a The directional freezing temperature is-20 to-10 ℃; the freezing mould is a cylindrical polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pipe with the inner diameter of 21.5mm and the height of 45 mm. The freezing time t is more than or equal to 7 h; the bottom cold source is a heat-conducting copper plate.
Step 4, vacuum freeze drying
Freeze-drying the cylindrical composite frozen body obtained in the step (3) in a vacuum environment (the freezing time is different according to the amount of the slurry, and is generally 30min to 1 hour) to ensure that the cylindrical composite frozen body FnSublimating the solvent crystal to obtain a porous blank;
step 5, sintering
And (4) sintering the porous blank obtained in the step (4) at 1200 ℃ for 2 hours in vacuum to obtain the inorganic fiber reinforced layered titanium alloy porous material. The vacuum degree in the furnace should be kept at 1 × 10-2Pa below, to ensure that the sample is not oxidized.
According to the method for improving the strength of the high-porosity layered porous titanium, the inorganic fiber is introduced into the layered titanium alloy, the compressive strength of the porous material is improved on the premise that the porous functionality is ensured and the porosity of the porous titanium alloy is not reduced, the defect that the compression performance of the existing layered porous titanium is low under the high porosity is overcome, and the method has a wide application prospect in the field of biomedical science.
Example 1
The embodiment of the invention provides a method for improving the strength of high-porosity layered porous titanium and titanium alloy, which specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1, preparing slurry
Adding 2 wt.% of dispersant into 50ML solvent, fully stirring for 30min at 70 ℃, uniformly mixing, then adding 0.2 wt.% of binder, fully stirring for 2h, uniformly mixing, then adding inorganic fiber, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 1h, finally adding metal particles, and mixing to obtain slurry; the solvent is deionized water; the dispersant is polyacrylate; the binder is xanthan gum; the (metal particle) matrix is Ti6Al4V alloy; the inorganic fiber is silicon carbide fiber; the overall solid content of the porous material was 20 vol.%, and the amount of the inorganic fiber added was 1 vol.%.
Step 2, ball milling
And (3) transferring the slurry obtained in the step (1) to a ball milling tank, and carrying out ball milling treatment in a roller ball mill to obtain stable mixed slurry. The rotating speed of the ball mill is 300r/min, and the ball milling time is 24 h.
Step 3, freezing
And (3) carrying out ultrasonic treatment on the slurry obtained in the step (2) to remove air bubbles in the slurry, carrying out freezing treatment for 30 minutes, wherein directional freezing is adopted for freezing, the freezing temperature is-10 ℃, freezing is adopted for freezing by adopting a freezing mould, the side wall of the freezing mould is a tubular heat-insulating material, the bottom surface of the freezing mould is a heat-conducting metal, and the freezing direction is vertical to the ground and is upward. Freezing molds in 2 groups, respectively labeled as M1、M2The composite frozen bodies obtained after each freezing are respectively marked as F1、F2(ii) a The directional freezing temperature is-20 ℃; the freezing mould is a cylindrical polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pipe with the inner diameter of 21.5mm and the height of 45 mm. The freezing time t is 7 h; the cold source at the bottom of the freezing mould is a heat-conducting copper plate.
Step 4, vacuum freeze drying
Subjecting the cylindrical composite frozen body F obtained in the step 3 to1、F2Freeze-drying under vacuum for 30min to obtain cylindrical composite frozen body F1、F2Sublimating the solvent crystal to obtain a porous blank;
step 5, sintering
And (4) sintering the porous blank obtained in the step (4) in a vacuum furnace at 1200 ℃ and with the vacuum degree kept below 1 x 10 < -2 > Pa for 2 hours to obtain the inorganic fiber reinforced layered titanium alloy porous material.
The cross-sectional topography of the composite porous material of the inorganic SiC fiber reinforced layered titanium alloy prepared in this example is shown in fig. 1.
Example 2
The embodiment of the invention provides a method for improving the strength of high-porosity layered porous titanium and titanium alloy, which specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1, preparing slurry;
adding 2 wt.% of dispersant into 50ML solvent, fully stirring for 30min at 70 ℃, uniformly mixing, then adding 0.2 wt.% of binder, fully stirring for 2h, uniformly mixing, then adding inorganic fiber, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 1h, finally adding metal particles, and mixing to obtain slurry; the solvent is deionized water; the dispersing agent is polyvinyl butyral; the binder is xanthan gum; the (metal particle) matrix is Ti6Al4V alloy; the inorganic fiber is silicon carbide fiber; the overall solid content of the porous material was 20 vol.%, and the amount of the inorganic fiber added was 5 vol.%.
Step 2, ball milling;
and (3) transferring the slurry obtained in the step (1) to a ball milling tank, and carrying out ball milling treatment in a roller ball mill to obtain stable mixed slurry. The rotating speed of the ball mill is 300r/min, and the ball milling time is 30 h.
Step 3, freezing;
and (3) carrying out ultrasonic treatment on the slurry obtained in the step (2) to remove air bubbles in the slurry, and carrying out freezing treatment, wherein directional freezing is adopted for freezing, the freezing temperature is-10 ℃, a freezing mold is adopted for freezing, the side wall of the freezing mold is made of a tubular heat-insulating material, the bottom surface of the freezing mold is made of a heat-conducting metal, and the freezing direction is vertical to the ground and is upward. The freezing molds n are 3 groups, and are respectively marked as M1、M2、M3The composite frozen bodies obtained after each freezing are respectively marked as F1、F2、F3(ii) a The directional freezing temperature is-15 ℃; the freezing mould is cylindrical polyvinyl chloride with the inner diameter of 21.5mm and the height of 45mm(PVC) pipe, freezing time t is 10 h; the cold source at the bottom of the cooling mould is a heat-conducting copper plate.
Step 4, vacuum freeze drying
Subjecting the cylindrical composite frozen body F obtained in the step 3 to1、F2Freeze-drying under vacuum for 40 min to obtain cylindrical composite frozen body F1、F2Sublimating the solvent crystal to obtain a porous blank;
step 5, sintering
Maintaining the porous blank obtained in the step 4 at 1200 ℃ and the vacuum degree of 1 multiplied by 10-2Sintering in a vacuum furnace below Pa for 2h to obtain the inorganic fiber reinforced layered titanium alloy porous material.
Example 3
The embodiment of the invention provides a method for improving the strength of high-porosity layered porous titanium and titanium alloy, which specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1, preparing slurry;
adding 2 wt.% of dispersant into 50ML solvent, fully stirring for 30min at 70 ℃, uniformly mixing, then adding 0.2 wt.% of binder, fully stirring for 2h, uniformly mixing, then adding inorganic fiber, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 1h, finally adding metal particles, and mixing to obtain slurry; the solvent is deionized water; the dispersant is polyvinylpyrrolidone; the binder is xanthan gum; the (metal particle) matrix is Ti6Al4V alloy; the inorganic fiber is silicon carbide fiber; the overall solid content of the porous material was 20 vol.%, and the amount of the inorganic fibers added was 10 vol.%.
Step 2, ball milling
And (3) transferring the slurry obtained in the step (1) to a ball milling tank, and carrying out ball milling treatment in a roller ball mill to obtain stable mixed slurry. The rotating speed of the ball mill is 300r/min, and the ball milling time is 48 h.
Step 3, freezing;
carrying out ultrasonic treatment on the slurry obtained in the step 2 to remove air bubbles in the slurry, and carrying out freezing treatment, wherein directional freezing is adopted for freezing, the freezing temperature is-10 ℃, freezing mould freezing is adopted, the side wall of the freezing mould is a tubular heat-insulating material, the bottom surface of the freezing mould is a heat-conducting metal, and the freezing direction isIs directed vertically upwards. The freezing molds are n in 4 groups and are respectively marked as M1、M2、M3、M4The composite frozen bodies obtained after each freezing are respectively marked as F1、F2、F3、F4The directional freezing temperature is-10 ℃; the freezing mould is a cylindrical polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pipe with the inner diameter of 21.5mm and the height of 45 mm. The freezing time t is 10 h; the cold source at the bottom of the cooling mould is a heat-conducting copper plate.
Step 4, vacuum freeze drying;
subjecting the cylindrical composite frozen body F obtained in the step 3 to1、F2、F3、F4Freeze-drying under vacuum for 1 hr to obtain cylindrical composite frozen body F1、F2、F3、F4Sublimating the solvent crystal to obtain a porous blank;
step 5, sintering;
maintaining the porous blank obtained in the step 4 at 1200 ℃ and the vacuum degree of 1 multiplied by 10-2Sintering in a vacuum furnace below Pa for 2h to obtain the inorganic fiber reinforced layered titanium alloy porous material.
Claims (6)
1. A method for improving the strength of high-porosity layered porous titanium and titanium alloy is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, preparing slurry;
step 2, performing ball milling treatment on the slurry obtained in the step 1;
step 3, freezing the slurry obtained in the step 2 to obtain a cylindrical composite frozen body;
step 4, freezing and drying the cylindrical composite frozen body obtained in the step 3 in a vacuum environment to sublimate solvent crystals in the cylindrical composite frozen body to obtain a porous blank body;
and 5, sintering the porous blank obtained in the step 4 in vacuum to obtain the inorganic fiber reinforced layered titanium alloy porous material.
2. The method for improving the strength of the high-porosity layered porous titanium and the titanium alloy according to claim 1, wherein the specific process of the step 1 is as follows:
sequentially adding a dispersing agent and a binder into a solvent, then adding inorganic fibers and metal particles, mixing to obtain slurry, and preparing ceramic slurry with n being more than or equal to 2 groups, wherein the mark is T1，T2，T3，…，Tn-1，TnWherein the volume ratio of the inorganic fibers in the n-th group of pulps is larger than the volume ratio of the solvent in the n-1 th group of pulps.
3. The method for improving the strength of the high-porosity layered porous titanium and the titanium alloy according to claim 2, wherein the solvent in the step 1 is deionized water;
the dispersing agent is any one of polyacrylate, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl butyral and citric acid;
the inorganic fiber is any one of silicon carbide fiber, alumina fiber, silicon oxide fiber and carbon fiber.
4. The method for improving the strength of the high-porosity layered porous titanium and the titanium alloy according to claim 2, wherein the dispersant is added in an amount of 2 wt.%, the binder is added in an amount of 0.2 wt.%, and the inorganic fiber is added in an amount of 1 to 10 vol.% in step 1.
5. The method for improving the strength of the high-porosity layered porous titanium and the titanium alloy according to claim 2, wherein the specific process of the step 2 is as follows:
and (3) transferring the slurry obtained in the step (1) into a ball milling tank, and carrying out ball milling treatment in a roller ball mill to obtain stable mixed slurry, wherein the rotating speed of the ball mill is 300r/min, and the ball milling time is 24-48 h.
6. The method for improving the strength of the high-porosity layered porous titanium and the titanium alloy according to claim 5, wherein the specific process of the step 3 is as follows:
carrying out ultrasonic treatment on the slurry obtained in the step 2 to remove air bubbles in the slurry, and then carrying out freezing treatment, wherein directional freezing is adopted for freezing, a freezing mold is adopted for freezing, the side wall of the freezing mold is made of a tubular heat-insulating material, the bottom surface of the freezing mold is made of a heat-conducting metal, and the freezing direction is vertical to the ground and upward;
the total n of the freezing molds is more than or equal to 2 groups and respectively marked as M1，M2，M3，…，Mn-1，MnThe composite frozen bodies obtained after each freezing are respectively marked as F1，F2，F3，…，Fn-1，Fn(ii) a The directional freezing temperature is-20 to-10 ℃; the freezing mould is a cylindrical polyvinyl chloride pipe, and the freezing time t is more than or equal to 7 h.
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