CN112504157B - Portable assembled type deformation deflection measuring device for thin plate structure - Google Patents
Portable assembled type deformation deflection measuring device for thin plate structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN112504157B CN112504157B CN202011517430.2A CN202011517430A CN112504157B CN 112504157 B CN112504157 B CN 112504157B CN 202011517430 A CN202011517430 A CN 202011517430A CN 112504157 B CN112504157 B CN 112504157B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B5/30—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. mechanical strain gauge
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M5/00—Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings
- G01M5/0041—Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings by determining deflection or stress
- G01M5/005—Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings by determining deflection or stress by means of external apparatus, e.g. test benches or portable test systems
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a portable assembled type device for measuring the deformation and deflection of a sheet structure, which comprises a horizontal ruler and a laser range finder, wherein sheet fixing clamps are detachably arranged at the two transverse ends of the horizontal ruler through connecting blocks respectively, and are used for fixing a sheet to be measured; laser range finder installs on the distancer fixation clamp, and distancer fixation clamp demountable installation is on the level bar. The device of the invention can conveniently realize the measurement of the deformation deflection of any position of the large-size sheet. The device of the invention is an assembled structure, single components are light and portable, and the device can be assembled into measuring devices with different lengths on site according to the specific size of a thin plate during measurement. The whole measuring device is simple in structure, convenient to operate and accurate in measuring result, and can conveniently measure the deformation deflection of thin plates with various sizes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of damage assessment and measurement, relates to a deflection measuring device, and particularly relates to a portable assembled deflection measuring device for deformation of a thin plate structure.
Background
The devices of airplanes, ships, vehicles and the like comprise a large number of thin plate structures, and the thin plate structures can deform to a certain degree under the action of damage sources such as explosive shock waves, fragments and the like, and the deformation degree is an important basis for measuring ammunition power and target damage effects. Scholars at home and abroad carry out a great deal of research on deformation of thin plates under the action of explosive load, wherein the development of an explosion test is the most common research mode. Nurick et al developed a series of naked charge explosion tests for four-side clamped thin plates, and analyzed the influence of the dose and the burst length on the deformation and damage modes of the thin plates; jones and the like analyze the influence of different thicknesses, length-width ratios, explosive shapes and the like on the final deformation of the steel plate by carrying out a test of the rectangular plate under the action of aerial local explosion, and establish a corrected plastic deformation calculation dimensionless number based on the test result; the method of combining numerical simulation and test is adopted for the waiting mass and the like, and the failure mode of the solid support square plate under the impact load is researched; based on a large amount of test data, the Zhuxi and the like analyze the influence of the explosion distance, the explosive quality and the boundary conditions on the failure mode of the sheet structure.
It should be noted that the deformation degree of the thin plate structure under the action of the explosive load is accurately measured, and the evaluation results of the ammunition power and the target damage effect are directly influenced. However, the current method for measuring the deformation deflection of the thin plate generally uses basic devices such as a flat ruler, a vernier caliper and the like to obtain the deflection of the maximum deformation position at the center of the thin plate after a test, the measurement precision is greatly influenced by external conditions, certain measurement errors exist, and the conventional measurement device cannot simultaneously measure the deformation deflection of the thin plate at any position; in addition, the deformation test of the sheet with larger size is mostly carried out in the external field, and the sheet needs to be loaded back to a test room after the test and then the deformation deflection measurement is carried out. Therefore, the portable device for measuring the deformation deflection of the thin plate structure is designed, and the device has practical significance for realizing the field measurement of the deformation deflection of the large-size thin plate.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a portable assembling type device for measuring the deformation deflection of a thin plate structure, and solve the problem that the deformation deflection of a large-size thin plate in a damage assessment test cannot be conveniently and accurately measured on site in the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme to realize:
a portable and assemblable deformation and deflection measuring device for a sheet structure comprises a level ruler and a laser range finder, wherein sheet fixing clamps are detachably mounted at the two transverse ends of the level ruler through connecting blocks respectively, and are used for fixing a sheet to be measured;
laser range finder install on the distancer fixation clamp, distancer fixation clamp demountable installation is on the level bar.
The invention also has the following technical characteristics:
the horizontal ruler comprises a horizontal ruler main body with a cuboid structure, wherein a convex connecting guide groove is transversely formed in the horizontal ruler main body, two ends of the convex connecting guide groove penetrate through the end faces of the two transverse ends of the horizontal ruler, an opening of the convex connecting guide groove is positioned on the upper surface of the horizontal ruler main body, and the opening width of the convex connecting guide groove is smaller than the inner width of the convex connecting guide groove;
and scale marks are arranged on the upper surface of the level bar main body at two sides of the convex connecting guide groove.
The number of the horizontal rulers is one or more, and the horizontal rulers are spliced into a whole through a connecting block;
the number of the range finder fixing clips is one or more.
The connecting block is a convex solid structure matched with the convex connecting guide groove of the level bar.
The thin plate fixing clamp is characterized in that a pair of fixing lugs for clamping the thin plate to be tested is vertically arranged on the side wall, which is contacted with the transverse end part of the level bar, of the thin plate fixing clamp, a fastening thread through hole is longitudinally formed in the fixing lug on the longitudinal outer side, and a fastening bolt for fixing the thin plate to be tested is arranged in the fastening thread through hole.
And the side wall of the thin plate fixing clamp, which is contacted with the transverse end part of the level ruler, is provided with a convex groove matched with the connecting block.
The range finder fixing clamp comprises a pair of symmetrically arranged placing plates, the symmetrically arranged placing plates are connected through a longitudinally arranged connecting spring, and a connecting boss is arranged at the connecting part of the placing plates and the connecting spring;
the placing plate comprises a horizontal supporting plate which is transversely arranged, a vertical side plate is fixedly and vertically arranged on the longitudinal outer side of the horizontal supporting plate, and the horizontal supporting plate and the vertical side plate form a T-shaped platform structure;
the laser range finder is fixed on a pair of symmetrically arranged horizontal supporting plates for placing plates, and a laser ray emitting end of the laser range finder is installed in the emitting end positioning groove.
The L-shaped guide clamping jaws are fixedly arranged on the longitudinal inner side of the horizontal support plate and clamped in the convex connecting guide grooves of the level ruler, so that the pair of symmetrically arranged placing plates can move on the level ruler along the transverse direction;
the horizontal support plate is longitudinally provided with an observation window and a positioning groove, the bottom of the positioning groove is provided with positioning scale marks, the observation window is used for observing the scale marks on the horizontal ruler, and the bottom of the positioning groove is flush with the upper surface of the horizontal ruler.
The number of the connecting springs on the range finder fixing clamp is more than two.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
the device can conveniently realize the measurement of the deformation deflection of any position of the large-size sheet. The device of the invention is an assembled structure, single components are light and portable, and the device can be assembled into measuring devices with different lengths on site according to the specific size of a thin plate during measurement. The whole measuring device is simple in structure, convenient to operate and accurate in measuring result, and can conveniently measure the deformation deflection of thin plates with various sizes.
The device can be used for placing a plurality of distance measuring instrument fixing clamps, and a plurality of laser distance measuring instruments can be placed in the distance measuring instrument fixing clamps, so that the deformation and deflection of the thin plate at a plurality of positions can be measured simultaneously.
(III) the distance measuring instrument fixing clamp of the device is a movable part, can slide in the convex connecting guide groove of the horizontal ruler, and can be fixed at any position of the horizontal ruler, so that the deformation and deflection of the thin plate at any position can be measured.
(IV) positioning scale marks are arranged in a scale groove of a range finder fixing clamp of the device, and the positioning scale marks are matched with the scale marks on the horizontal ruler, so that the position of a measuring point can be accurately controlled.
(V) the device of the invention is a suspended measuring device, and the measuring device is fixedly arranged on the edge of the thin plate through the thin plate fixing clamp during measurement, so that the large-size thin plate can be measured in all directions.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic top view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the overall assembly structure of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the level of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the connector block of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the thin plate fixing clip of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a range finder fixing clip of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the positioning principle of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the mounting relationship of the rangefinder bracket of the present invention to a laser rangefinder.
The meaning of the individual reference symbols in the figures is: 1-a horizontal ruler, 2-a laser range finder, 3-a connecting block, 4-a sheet fixing clamp, 5-a range finder fixing clamp and 6-a sheet;
101-convex connecting guide groove, 102-scale mark and 103-level bar main body;
201-laser ray emitting end;
401-fixing lug, 402-fastening bolt, 403-fastening threaded through hole and 404-convex groove;
501-placing plate, 502-connecting spring, 503-connecting boss;
50101-horizontal support plate, 50102-observation window, 50103-positioning groove, 50104-vertical side plate, 50105-emission end positioning groove, 50106-L type guide jaw and 50107-positioning scale mark.
The details of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Detailed Description
All parts in the present invention are those known in the art, unless otherwise specified.
The following embodiments of the present invention are provided, and it should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, and all equivalent changes based on the technical solutions of the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example (b):
the embodiment provides a portable assembled type device for measuring deformation and deflection of a thin plate structure, which comprises a horizontal ruler 1 and a laser range finder 2, wherein two transverse ends of the horizontal ruler 1 are respectively detachably provided with a thin plate fixing clamp 4 through a connecting block 3, and the thin plate fixing clamps 4 are used for fixing a thin plate 6 to be measured;
Specifically, the level 1 comprises a level main body 103 with a cuboid structure, a convex connecting guide groove 101 is transversely formed in the level main body 103, two ends of the convex connecting guide groove 101 penetrate through the end faces of the two transverse ends of the level 1, the opening of the convex connecting guide groove 101 is positioned on the upper surface of the level main body 103, and the opening width of the convex connecting guide groove 101 is smaller than the inner width of the convex connecting guide groove 101;
the upper surface of the level bar body 103 on both sides of the convex-shaped connecting guide groove 101 is provided with scale lines 102. The graduation marks 102 facilitate the preliminary positioning of the measuring location.
As a preferable scheme of this embodiment, the number of the levels 1 is one or more, and the levels 1 are spliced into a whole through the connecting block 3;
the number of the range finder fixing clips 5 is one or more.
In this embodiment, the leveling rod 1 is a structural member having the same vertical cross-section structure and different lengths. When the thin plate 6 is measured on site, the combination mode of the level rulers 1 can be determined by combining the actual size of the thin plate 6, so that the length of the level ruler 1 is matched with a measured object, the connecting block 3 is matched with the section size of the level ruler 1, and the level rulers 1 can be spliced into a whole by utilizing the connecting block 3. When the on-site measurement is carried out, the quantity of the distance measuring instrument fixing clamps 5 can be determined according to the actual measurement requirement: when only a certain position or a plurality of positions need to be measured respectively, one distance meter fixing clamp 5 can be selected, and one laser distance meter 2 is configured correspondingly; when a plurality of positions need to be measured simultaneously, the number of the distance measuring instrument fixing clamps 5 can be selected to be multiple, and a plurality of laser distance measuring instruments 2 are correspondingly configured.
As a preferable scheme of this embodiment, the connecting block 3 is a convex solid structure matched with the convex connecting guide groove 101 of the level 1.
Specifically, a pair of fixing lugs 401 for clamping the thin plate 6 to be tested is vertically arranged on the side wall of the thin plate fixing clamp 4 contacting with the transverse end of the level ruler 1, a fastening thread through hole 403 is longitudinally formed in the fixing lug 401 on the longitudinal outer side, and a fastening bolt 402 for fixing the thin plate 6 to be tested is installed in the fastening thread through hole 403.
As a preferable scheme of this embodiment, a convex-shaped groove 404 matched with the connecting block 3 is formed on the side wall of the thin plate fixing clip 4 contacted with the transverse end of the level 1. In order to enhance the connection strength and tightness of the horizontal ruler 1 and the thin plate fixing clamp 4, the connection part of the thin plate fixing clamp 4 and the horizontal ruler 1 is designed into a convex groove 404, and the convex groove 404 of the thin plate fixing clamp 4 is matched with the convex connection guide groove 101 of the horizontal ruler 1 in size.
Specifically, the range finder fixing clamp 5 comprises a pair of symmetrically arranged placing plates 501, the symmetrically arranged placing plates 501 are connected through a longitudinally arranged connecting spring 502, and a connecting boss 503 is arranged at the connecting position of the placing plates 501 and the connecting spring 502;
As a preferable scheme of this embodiment, the placing plate 501 includes a horizontal supporting plate 50101 arranged transversely, a vertical side plate 50104 is fixedly and vertically arranged on the longitudinal outer side of the horizontal supporting plate 50101, and the horizontal supporting plate 50101 and the vertical side plate 50104 form a T-shaped table structure;
the middle position of the vertical top of the vertical side plate 50104 is provided with a transmitting end positioning groove 50105, the laser range finder 2 is fixed on a pair of symmetrically arranged horizontal supporting plates 50101 for placing the plate 501, and the laser ray transmitting end 201 of the laser range finder 2 is installed in the transmitting end positioning groove 50105.
An L-shaped guide jaw 50106 is fixedly arranged on the longitudinal inner side of the horizontal support plate 50101, and the L-shaped guide jaw 50106 is clamped in the convex connection guide groove 101 of the level 1, so that the pair of symmetrically arranged placing plates 501 can move on the level 1 along the transverse direction.
As a preferable scheme of this embodiment, the horizontal support plate 50101 is provided with an observation window 50102 and a positioning groove 50103 along the longitudinal direction, the bottom of the positioning groove 50103 is provided with positioning scale lines 50107, the observation window 50102 is used for observing the scale lines 102 on the level bar 1, and the bottom of the positioning groove 50103 is flush with the upper surface of the level bar 1. After the range finder fixing clamp 5 is installed on the horizontal ruler 1, the positioning scale lines 50107 on the upper surface of the positioning groove 50103 and the scale lines 102 of the horizontal ruler 1 are on the same plane, and the positions of the measuring points can be accurately controlled by matching and adjusting the positioning scale lines 50107 and the scale lines 102.
As a preferable aspect of this embodiment, the number of the connecting springs 502 on the distance meter fixing clip 5 is two or more. The number of the connection springs 502 may be set as desired.
When the portable assembled type device for measuring the deformation and deflection of the thin plate structure is used, the distance measuring instrument fixing clamp 5 is firstly installed into the convex connection guide groove 101 from the end part of the horizontal rule 1, so that the pair of L-shaped guide clamping jaws 50106 of the distance measuring instrument fixing clamp 5 is embedded into the convex connection guide groove 101 and is pre-tightened through the connecting spring 502. Then a plurality of levels 1 are connected together through a connecting block 3 according to the requirement of a thin plate 6 to be measured to form a level 1 whole. A pair of thin plate fixing clamps 4 are arranged at the two transverse ends of the whole level 1 through connecting blocks 3. Then, the two ends of the thin plate 6 to be measured are clamped between the pair of fixing lugs of the thin plate fixing clamp 4 and are locked and fixed through the fastening bolts 402. The corresponding position of each distance meter fixing clip 5 on the level 1 is observed and positioned through the observation window 50102 and the positioning groove 50103, and the corresponding position of each distance meter fixing clip 5 on the level 1 is adjusted according to the measurement requirement. Then, one laser rangefinder 2 is mounted on each rangefinder fixing clip 5 such that the laser ray emitting end 201 of the laser rangefinder 2 is located at the center position of the emitting end positioning slot 50105 on the rangefinder fixing clip 5. The plurality of laser rangefinders 2 are opened while measuring the deformation deflection of the sheet 6 at a plurality of positions.
As a specific example of this embodiment, FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the present invention applied to measure deformation perturbations at multiple positions simultaneously, and the sheet 6 is shown to have dimensions of 100cm × 100cm × 0.5 mm. Two levels 1 and two thin plate fixing clamps 4 are selected according to the size of a thin plate 6, and the measuring device is assembled through three connecting blocks 3, wherein the two levels 1 are 5cm multiplied by 40cm and 5cm multiplied by 60cm in specification. Five distance measuring instrument fixing clamps 5 are arranged on the horizontal rule 1, the distance measuring instrument fixing clamps 5 are respectively arranged at the positions of 15cm, 35cm, 50cm, 65cm and 85cm of the horizontal rule 1, five laser distance measuring instruments 2 are correspondingly arranged, and deformation and deflection of five positions of the thin plate 6 can be measured at the same time.
Claims (7)
1. A portable deformation and deflection measuring device for an assembled sheet structure comprises a level (1) and a laser range finder (2), and is characterized in that two transverse ends of the level (1) are detachably provided with sheet fixing clamps (4) through connecting blocks (3), and the sheet fixing clamps (4) are used for fixing a sheet (6) to be measured;
the laser range finder (2) is arranged on the range finder fixing clamp (5), and the range finder fixing clamp (5) is detachably arranged on the level bar (1);
the horizontal ruler (1) comprises a horizontal ruler main body (103) with a cuboid structure, wherein a convex connection guide groove (101) is transversely formed in the horizontal ruler main body (103), two ends of the convex connection guide groove (101) penetrate through the end faces of the two transverse ends of the horizontal ruler (1), an opening of the convex connection guide groove (101) is positioned on the upper surface of the horizontal ruler main body (103), and the opening width of the convex connection guide groove (101) is smaller than the inner width of the convex connection guide groove (101);
Scale marks (102) are arranged on the upper surface of the level bar main body (103) at two sides of the convex connecting guide groove (101);
the range finder fixing clamp (5) comprises a pair of symmetrically arranged placing plates (501), the symmetrically arranged placing plates (501) are connected through a longitudinally arranged connecting spring (502), and a connecting boss (503) is arranged at the connecting part of the placing plates (501) and the connecting spring (502);
the placing plate (501) comprises horizontal supporting plates (50101) which are transversely arranged, vertical side plates (50104) are fixedly and vertically arranged on the longitudinal outer sides of the horizontal supporting plates (50101), and the horizontal supporting plates (50101) and the vertical side plates (50104) form a T-shaped platform structure;
a transmitting end positioning groove (50105) is formed in the middle of the vertical top of the vertical side plate (50104), the laser range finder (2) is fixed on a pair of horizontal supporting plates (50101) of the symmetrically arranged placing plates (501), and a laser ray transmitting end (201) of the laser range finder (2) is installed in the transmitting end positioning groove (50105);
the L-shaped guide clamping jaws (50106) are fixedly arranged on the longitudinal inner sides of the horizontal support plates (50101) and clamped in the convex connection guide grooves (101) of the leveling rod (1), so that a pair of symmetrically arranged placing plates (501) can move on the leveling rod (1) along the transverse direction.
2. The portable assemblable sheet structure deformation deflection measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the number of the levels (1) is one or more, and the levels (1) are connected together by the connecting block (3);
the number of the distance measuring instrument fixing clips (5) is one or more.
3. A portable assemblable sheet structure deflection measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the connecting piece (3) is a convex solid structure matching the convex connecting guide groove (101) of the level (1).
4. The portable and assemblable device for measuring deflection of sheet structure according to claim 1, wherein a pair of fixing lugs (401) for clamping the sheet (6) to be measured is vertically disposed on the side wall of the sheet fixing clip (4) contacting with the transverse end of the level (1), a fastening screw through hole (403) is longitudinally disposed on the fixing lug (401) on the longitudinal outer side, and a fastening bolt (402) for fixing the sheet (6) to be measured is disposed in the fastening screw through hole (403).
5. The device for measuring the deformation and deflection of a portable assemblable sheet structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the side wall of the sheet holder (4) contacting with the lateral end of the level (1) is provided with a concave groove (404) in a shape of a Chinese character 'ao' which is matched with the connecting block (3).
6. The portable and assemblable device for measuring deflection of a sheet structure according to claim 1, wherein the horizontal support plate (50101) is provided with an observation window (50102) and a positioning slot (50103) along a longitudinal direction, the bottom of the positioning slot (50103) is provided with positioning scale lines (50107), the observation window (50102) is used for observing the scale lines (102) on the horizontal ruler (1), and the bottom of the positioning slot (50103) is flush with the upper surface of the horizontal ruler (1).
7. The portable and assemblable sheet structure deflection measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the number of the connecting springs (502) of the distance meter fixing clip (5) is two or more.
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CN202011517430.2A CN112504157B (en) | 2020-12-21 | 2020-12-21 | Portable assembled type deformation deflection measuring device for thin plate structure |
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CN202011517430.2A CN112504157B (en) | 2020-12-21 | 2020-12-21 | Portable assembled type deformation deflection measuring device for thin plate structure |
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CN112504157B true CN112504157B (en) | 2022-05-24 |
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US6983549B2 (en) * | 2003-06-02 | 2006-01-10 | Mark Vincent Loen | Method to accurately measure small angular differences between surfaces |
JP5984607B2 (en) * | 2012-10-05 | 2016-09-06 | 株式会社ソーキ | Non-contact displacement measurement method for bridges |
CN106908006A (en) * | 2017-02-21 | 2017-06-30 | 安徽工业大学 | Member bends measurement apparatus and application method based on laser and bracing wire displacement |
CN106767485A (en) * | 2017-02-21 | 2017-05-31 | 安徽工业大学 | Portable member bends measurement apparatus and its application method |
CN208567861U (en) * | 2018-08-09 | 2019-03-01 | 深圳市源远水利设计有限公司 | A kind of hand-held laser rangefinder of convenient positioning |
CN109724733B (en) * | 2018-12-17 | 2020-09-25 | 西安近代化学研究所 | Modular effect target device suitable for dynamic explosion field shock wave pressure measurement |
CN110617757B (en) * | 2019-10-17 | 2024-04-26 | 江苏省特种设备安全监督检验研究院 | Deflection measuring device and deflection measuring method for large plate girder |
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