CN112491007A - Leakage current protection, monitoring and early warning system and method - Google Patents
Leakage current protection, monitoring and early warning system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112491007A CN112491007A CN202011323530.1A CN202011323530A CN112491007A CN 112491007 A CN112491007 A CN 112491007A CN 202011323530 A CN202011323530 A CN 202011323530A CN 112491007 A CN112491007 A CN 112491007A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
- H02H3/26—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to difference between voltages or between currents; responsive to phase angle between voltages or between currents
- H02H3/32—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to difference between voltages or between currents; responsive to phase angle between voltages or between currents involving comparison of the voltage or current values at corresponding points in different conductors of a single system, e.g. of currents in go and return conductors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/50—Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
- G01R31/52—Testing for short-circuits, leakage current or ground faults
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H1/00—Details of emergency protective circuit arrangements
- H02H1/0007—Details of emergency protective circuit arrangements concerning the detecting means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H1/00—Details of emergency protective circuit arrangements
- H02H1/0061—Details of emergency protective circuit arrangements concerning transmission of signals
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
- H02H3/02—Details
- H02H3/04—Details with warning or supervision in addition to disconnection, e.g. for indicating that protective apparatus has functioned
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
- H02H3/02—Details
- H02H3/05—Details with means for increasing reliability, e.g. redundancy arrangements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
- H02H3/14—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to occurrence of voltage on parts normally at earth potential
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Remote Monitoring And Control Of Power-Distribution Networks (AREA)
- Testing Of Short-Circuits, Discontinuities, Leakage, Or Incorrect Line Connections (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a leakage current protection, monitoring and early warning system and method, and belongs to the technical field of low-voltage power distribution of an electric power system. The system comprises: the system comprises a passive self-starting leakage monitoring and early warning device, a high-sensitivity leakage protection switch and an information processing background; the passive self-starting leakage monitoring and early warning device comprises a power taking module, a leakage monitoring module, a wireless transmission module A and an early warning system B; the high-sensitivity leakage protection switch comprises a magnetic modulation mutual inductor coil, an intelligent monitoring module, a wireless transmission module C, an early warning system D and a switch; the invention can monitor the line, realize the real-time monitoring and information storage of AC/DC leakage and step voltage, and judge the specific position of the step voltage according to the signal source to realize the positioning function if monitoring a plurality of positions at the same time. Meanwhile, the system adopts a double-guarantee method, improves the reliability of leakage protection, and greatly reduces the risk of personal casualty accidents caused by low-voltage leakage.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of low-voltage power distribution of an electric power system, and particularly relates to a leakage current protection, monitoring and early warning system and method.
Background
At present, the low-voltage leakage monitoring and isolating technology mainly aims at installing a traditional leakage protector, only can singly detect alternating current or direct current, has low sensitivity, is easy to generate misoperation, causes frequent tripping and influences the power supply reliability. Need external power supply for monitoring facilities energy supply, have certain loss, and have because of the electric shock and the equipment malfunction risk that external power supply electric leakage caused. A set of leakage early warning system facing power supply enterprises and the society is not established, leakage early warning cannot be timely carried out, and once a leakage current protector fails, the risk that people get close to a leakage current point to cause electric shock still exists. Meanwhile, power supply enterprises cannot quickly locate the leakage position and eliminate residual current.
Therefore, it is necessary to invent a system for monitoring leakage current of electric equipment to be installed in a region with dense personnel, to prevent the human body from getting an electric shock, to reduce the casualty accidents of the human body, and to reduce the probability of fire due to the leakage current.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a leakage current protection, monitoring and early warning system and method.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a leakage current protection, monitoring, early warning system, comprising: the system comprises a passive self-starting leakage monitoring and early warning device, a high-sensitivity leakage protection switch and an information processing background;
the passive self-starting leakage monitoring and early warning device comprises a power taking module, a leakage monitoring module, a wireless transmission module A and an early warning system B;
the high-sensitivity leakage protection switch comprises a magnetic modulation mutual inductor coil, an intelligent monitoring module, a wireless transmission module C, an early warning system D and a switch;
the electric leakage monitoring and early warning device is fixed in the soil near the electric wire tower;
the high-sensitivity leakage protection switch is arranged on the power transmission line;
the power taking module is used for taking power from the step voltage formed by the leakage current;
the electric leakage monitoring module is used for receiving the electric energy acquired by the electricity acquiring module, and when the electric leakage monitoring module acquires the electric energy, the electric leakage monitoring module judges that electric leakage occurs and then sends a first command signal and a second command signal;
the wireless transmission module A is connected with the electric leakage monitoring module and used for sending a signal to the wireless transmission module C of the high-sensitivity electric leakage protection switch according to the first command signal;
the early warning system B is connected with the electric leakage monitoring module and used for sending an alarm signal according to the second command signal;
the magnetic modulation mutual inductor coil is a circular magnetic core wound with a lead, and a live wire and a zero wire of a circuit penetrate through a circular hole in the center of the magnetic core in parallel;
the intelligent monitoring module is respectively connected with the magnetic modulation mutual inductor coil and the wireless transmission module C, when electric leakage occurs, the sum of current vectors of a live line and a zero line is not zero, a magnetic field is generated, the magnetic modulation mutual inductor coil collects the magnetic field and converts the magnetic field into a leakage current signal to be transmitted to the intelligent monitoring module, and the intelligent monitoring module sends out a third command signal, a fourth command signal and a fifth command signal;
the wireless transmission module C is connected with the intelligent monitoring module and used for transmitting the electric leakage information to the information processing background according to the third command signal;
the early warning system D is connected with the intelligent monitoring module and used for sending out an early warning signal according to the fourth command signal;
the switch is arranged on the power transmission line, connected with the intelligent monitoring module and used for disconnecting the line according to the fifth command signal;
the wireless transmission module C is also used for receiving the leakage current signal sent by the wireless transmission module A, and when the intelligent monitoring module receives the signal, the intelligent monitoring module also sends out a third command signal, a fourth command signal and a fifth command signal;
and the information processing background is used for receiving the leakage current information transmitted by the wireless transmission module C.
Further, preferably, the electric leakage monitoring module is configured to obtain a direct current output by the energy obtaining module for the electric leakage monitoring module to work; if no electric leakage exists, the passive self-starting electric leakage monitoring and early warning device is in a closed state, if a direct current signal is obtained, the electric leakage is shown to occur, early warning information is sent out, meanwhile, an electric leakage signal is transmitted to the high-sensitivity electric leakage protection switch through the wireless transmission module A, and the high-sensitivity electric leakage protection switch is enabled to send out an alarm, disconnect a circuit and send the electric leakage information to an information processing background.
Further, preferably, the electric leakage monitoring and early warning device is fixed in soil 50cm away from the electric wire tower.
Further, preferably, the wireless transmission module a is a superheterodyne module.
Further, preferably, the early warning signal sent by the early warning system B is an acousto-optic early warning.
Further, preferably, the early warning signal sent by the early warning system D is an acousto-optic early warning.
Further, preferably, the information processing background is configured to receive the leakage current information transmitted by the wireless transmission module C, and display and store the leakage current information.
The invention also provides a leakage current protection, monitoring and early warning method, which adopts the leakage current protection, monitoring and early warning system and comprises the following steps:
based on passive self-starting electric leakage monitoring and early warning device:
s11, mounting a leakage current passive self-starting leakage monitoring and early warning device based on the step voltage principle at the position of the electric wire tower;
s12, after the step S11, when the leakage occurs, the electricity taking module takes electricity from the step voltage formed by the leakage current, and simultaneously converts the alternating current electric energy into the direct current electric energy for the leakage monitoring module to work;
s13, after the step S12, the leakage monitoring module controls the early warning system B to send out sound early warning, and controls the wireless transmission module A to transmit a leakage current signal to the wireless transmission module C of the high-sensitivity leakage protection switch;
s14, after the step S13, when the intelligent monitoring module in the high-sensitivity leakage protection switch detects the leakage current signal received by the wireless transmission module C, the early warning system D is controlled to give out sound early warning, and meanwhile, the switch is controlled, the circuit is disconnected, and the wireless transmission module C is controlled to send leakage information to the information processing background;
s15, after the step S14, the information processing background displays and stores the leakage current information;
based on high sensitive earth leakage protection switch:
s21, mounting a high-sensitivity leakage protection switch on the indoor power transmission line;
s22, after the step S21, the magnetic modulation mutual inductor coil collects leakage current in the power transmission line in real time, and when the leakage current occurs, a leakage current signal is collected and transmitted to the intelligent monitoring module;
s23, after the step S22, the intelligent monitoring module receives the electric leakage signal, controls the early warning system D to send out audible and visual alarm, controls the switch to disconnect the circuit, and controls the wireless transmission module C to send electric leakage information to the information processing background;
s24 after step S23, the information processing background displays and stores the leakage current information.
The energy-taking module is an ultra-low power consumption module, and can convert an alternating current signal into a direct current voltage signal which can be suitable for the electric leakage monitoring module with the lowest power consumption.
And the magnetic modulation mutual inductor coil collects a direct current leakage current signal and an alternating current leakage current signal in real time according to a magnetic modulation principle.
The intelligent monitoring module can carry out fast Fourier transform on the collected leakage current signal to obtain the frequency spectrum of the signal, and whether the signal contains alternating current, direct current or alternating current and direct current components or not is identified according to the frequency spectrum analysis of the signal. And after a leakage current signal detected by the magnetic modulation mutual inductor coil and a leakage current signal sent to the wireless transmission module C by the wireless transmission module A are obtained, early warning information and line disconnection information are sent out.
The wireless transmission module C can realize one-to-one, one-to-many or many-to-many communication. And when a leakage current signal of the wireless transmission module A is received, the leakage current signal is sent to the intelligent detection module and the information processing background.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
the high-sensitivity leakage protection switch based on the self-adaptive magnetic modulation alternating current and direct current leakage protection mechanism comprises a wireless transmission module, an early warning module, an intelligent monitoring module, a magnetic modulation mutual inductor coil and a switch. The magnetic modulation transformer coil is designed according to the magnetic modulation principle, and the line integral of the magnetic field intensity of any closed loop in the magnetic field is equal to the algebraic sum of the currents in the closed path through the ampere-loop theorem. Namely, it is
Therefore, no matter direct current or alternating current leakage occurs, magnetic field intensity is generated around, and the magnetic modulation transformer coil can sense the magnetic field intensity and output the magnetic field intensity to the intelligent detection module in the form of voltage signals. The intelligent detection module can analyze the input voltage signal, thereby judging the type of generated electric leakage and realizing the simultaneous detection of the alternating current and direct current electric leakage. Then, an alarm is sent and the switch is controlled to disconnect the circuit according to the information, and meanwhile, the electric leakage information is sent to the information processing background through the wireless transmission module to be stored.
The high-sensitivity leakage protection switch based on the self-adaptive magnetic modulation alternating current and direct current leakage protection mechanism is connected with the leakage current passive self-starting leakage monitoring and early warning device through the wireless transmission module, and the high-sensitivity leakage protection switch and the leakage current passive self-starting leakage monitoring and early warning device can be connected in a one-to-one mode, a one-to-many mode or a many-to-many mode. When a one-to-many or many-to-many connection mode is adopted, different devices can be numbered, so that the position of equipment sending a signal is identified, and the function of positioning a leakage point is realized.
The leakage current passive self-starting leakage monitoring and early warning device based on the step voltage principle comprises an energy taking module, a wireless transmission module, a leakage monitoring module and an early warning module. When no electric leakage occurs, the device is in a closed state, so that the energy consumption can be reduced, and the danger caused by the electric leakage of the device can be avoided. When step voltage exists, the energy taking module can take out electric energy from leakage current to supply the device to work, the early warning module gives an alarm, and a signal is sent to the wireless transmission module of the leakage protection switch. When the wireless transmission module of the high-sensitivity leakage protection switch receives a signal, the intelligent monitoring module controls the early warning system to alarm and switch off a circuit, and sends leakage information to the information processing background for storage, so that later-stage maintenance personnel can conveniently overhaul the circuit.
The content of the first command signal is used for controlling the wireless transmission module A to send a signal to the wireless transmission module C of the high-sensitivity leakage protection switch; the content of the second command signal is used for controlling the early warning system B to send out an alarm signal; the content of the third command signal is used for controlling the wireless transmission module C to transmit the electric leakage information to the information processing background (3); the content of the fourth command signal is used for controlling the early warning system D to send out an early warning signal; the content of the fifth command signal is to control the switch to open the circuit.
Preferably, the present inventionThe sensitivity of the invented high-sensitivity leakage protection switch is 6 x 10-4V/mA。
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention constructs a complete set of leakage current protection, monitoring and early warning system for the low-voltage distribution network, accurately detects 30mA direct current and 30mA and 50-1 kHz alternating current leakage signals generated on a line through a leakage detection module and a magnetic modulation mutual inductor coil, effectively solves the problem that a leakage protection switch can only singly detect alternating current or direct current, and can monitor 36V step voltage leakage. Meanwhile, when the leakage protection switch is in a leakage state, the leakage current monitoring and early warning device is passively started to monitor the leakage current, so that the reliability of the leakage current monitoring is greatly improved. Under the condition that a system is built by using a plurality of devices, the leakage points can be positioned, and the method has high application value.
The invention can monitor the 220V line, realize the real-time monitoring and information storage of AC/DC leakage and step voltage, and can judge the specific position of the step voltage according to the signal source to realize the positioning function if monitoring a plurality of positions at the same time. In addition, if the line leaks electricity and the high-sensitivity leakage protection switch is not detected for some reasons, the leakage current is passively started to cause the leakage monitoring and early warning device to detect the leakage, and the line can be disconnected. The system and the application method use a double-guarantee method, improve the reliability of leakage protection, and greatly reduce the risk of personal casualty accidents caused by low-voltage leakage.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a basic structure of a leakage current protection, detection and early warning system according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of an application method under a single group condition of the leakage current protection, detection and early warning system of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the application of the leakage current protection, detection and early warning system of the present invention under multiple groups.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the following examples are illustrative of the invention only and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention. The examples do not specify particular techniques or conditions, and are performed according to the techniques or conditions described in the literature in the art or according to the product specifications. The materials or equipment used are not indicated by manufacturers, and all are conventional products available by purchase.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a basic structure of a leakage current protection, detection, and early warning system, which includes: the utility model provides a leakage current protection, monitoring, early warning system which characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps: the system comprises a passive self-starting leakage monitoring and early warning device 1, a high-sensitivity leakage protection switch 2 and an information processing background 3;
the passive self-starting leakage monitoring and early warning device 1 comprises a power taking module 11, a leakage monitoring module 12, a wireless transmission module A13 and an early warning system B14;
the high-sensitivity leakage protection switch 2 comprises a magnetic modulation transformer coil 21, an intelligent monitoring module 22, a wireless transmission module C23, an early warning system D24 and a switch 25;
the electric leakage monitoring and early warning device 1 is fixed in the soil near the electric wire tower; preferably, fixing the cable in soil 50cm away from a wire tower;
the high-sensitivity leakage protection switch 2 is arranged on the power transmission line;
the power taking module 11 takes power for the step voltage formed by the leakage current;
the electric leakage monitoring module 12 is configured to receive the electric energy obtained by the electricity taking module 11, and when the electric leakage monitoring module 12 obtains the electric energy, determine that electric leakage occurs, and send a first command signal and a second command signal;
the wireless transmission module A13 is connected with the leakage monitoring module 12 and is used for sending a signal to the wireless transmission module C23 of the high-sensitivity leakage protection switch 2 according to the first command signal;
the early warning system B14 is connected with the electric leakage monitoring module 12 and used for sending out an alarm signal according to the second command signal;
the magnetic modulation mutual inductor coil 21 is a circular magnetic core wound with a lead, and a live wire and a zero wire of a circuit penetrate through a circular hole in the center of the magnetic core in parallel;
the intelligent monitoring module 22 is respectively connected with the magnetic modulation mutual inductor coil 21 and the wireless transmission module C23, when electric leakage occurs, the sum of current vectors of a live line and a zero line is not zero, a magnetic field is generated, the magnetic modulation mutual inductor coil 21 can collect the magnetic field and convert the magnetic field into a leakage current signal to be transmitted to the intelligent monitoring module 22, and the intelligent monitoring module 22 sends out a third command signal, a fourth command signal and a fifth command;
the wireless transmission module C23 is connected to the intelligent monitoring module 22, and is configured to transmit the leakage information to the information processing background 3 according to the third command signal;
the early warning system D24 is connected with the intelligent monitoring module 22 and used for sending out an early warning signal according to the fourth command signal;
the switch 25 is installed on the power transmission line, connected with the intelligent monitoring module 22 and used for disconnecting the line according to the fifth command signal;
the wireless transmission module C23 is further configured to receive the leakage current signal sent by the wireless transmission module a13, and when the intelligent monitoring module 22 receives the leakage current signal, send out a third command signal, a fourth command signal, and a fifth command signal;
and the information processing background 3 is used for receiving the leakage current information transmitted by the wireless transmission module C23.
Preferably, the leakage monitoring module 12 is configured to obtain the direct current output by the energy obtaining module 11 for the self-operation; if no electric leakage exists, the passive self-starting electric leakage monitoring and early warning device 1 is in a closed state, if a direct current signal is obtained, the electric leakage is shown to occur, early warning information is sent out, meanwhile, an electric leakage signal is transmitted to the high-sensitivity electric leakage protection switch 2 through the wireless transmission module A13, and the high-sensitivity electric leakage protection switch 2 is enabled to send out an alarm, disconnect a circuit and send electric leakage information to the information processing background 3.
Preferably, the wireless transmission module a13 is a superheterodyne module, which can implement long-distance transmission.
Preferably, the early warning signal sent by the early warning system B14 is an acousto-optic early warning.
Preferably, the early warning signal sent by the early warning system D24 is an audible and visual early warning.
Preferably, the information processing background 3 is configured to receive the leakage current information transmitted by the wireless transmission module C23, and display and store the leakage current information.
Preferably, the sensitivity of the high-sensitivity earth leakage protection switch is 6 × 10-4V/mA。
Fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of an application method of a leakage current protection, detection, and early warning system, the application method including the steps of:
leakage current passive self-starting leakage monitoring and early warning device based on contact voltage principle:
s11, mounting a leakage current passive self-starting leakage monitoring and early warning device based on the step voltage principle at the position of the electric wire tower;
s12, after the step S11, when the leakage occurs, the electricity taking module takes electricity from the step voltage formed by the leakage current, and simultaneously converts the alternating current electric energy into the direct current electric energy for the leakage monitoring module to work;
s13, after the step S12, the leakage monitoring module controls the early warning system B to send out sound early warning, and controls the wireless transmission module A to transmit a leakage current signal to the wireless transmission module C of the high-sensitivity leakage protection switch;
s14, after the step S13, when the intelligent monitoring module in the high-sensitivity leakage protection switch detects the leakage current signal received by the wireless transmission module C, the early warning system D is controlled to give out sound early warning, and meanwhile, the switch is controlled, the circuit is disconnected, and the wireless transmission module C is controlled to send leakage information to the information processing background;
s15, after the step S14, the information processing background displays and stores the leakage current information;
high-sensitivity leakage protection switch based on self-adaptive magnetic modulation AC/DC leakage protection mechanism:
s21, mounting a high-sensitivity leakage protection switch on the indoor power transmission line;
s22, after the step S21, the magnetic modulation mutual inductor coil collects leakage current in the power transmission line in real time, and when the leakage current occurs, a leakage current signal is collected and transmitted to the intelligent monitoring module;
s23, after the step S22, the intelligent monitoring module receives the electric leakage signal, controls the early warning system D to send out audible and visual alarm, controls the switch to disconnect the circuit, and controls the wireless transmission module C to send electric leakage information to the information processing background;
s24 after step S23, the information processing background displays and stores the leakage current information.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an application of a plurality of groups of leakage current protection, detection and early warning systems, including: in case a system is built up using multiple devices, the leakage points can also be located. The specific scheme is as follows:
supposing that the system is installed on a street with 10 electric wire towers, the street is divided into 10 sections, a passive self-starting leakage monitoring and early warning device is installed at each section of electric wire tower, a high-sensitivity leakage protection switch is installed on a control cabinet of the electric wire tower, an information processing background is installed on a master control cabinet, and 21 devices are arranged to form a set of leakage current protection, detection and early warning system. The passive self-starting leakage monitoring and early warning device is numbered from 1-1 to 1-10 in sequence, the high-sensitivity leakage protection switch is numbered from 2-1 to 2-10 in sequence, and the numbers correspond to one another, for example, 1-1 corresponds to 2-1. When the line leaks electricity, the wireless transmission module C sends the serial number of the electricity leakage position to the information processing background, and the serial number displayed by the information processing background identifies the position of the equipment sending the signal, so that the function of positioning the electricity leakage point is realized.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a leakage current protection, monitoring, early warning system which characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps: the system comprises a passive self-starting leakage monitoring and early warning device (1), a high-sensitivity leakage protection switch (2) and an information processing background (3);
the passive self-starting leakage monitoring and early warning device (1) comprises a power taking module (11), a leakage monitoring module (12), a wireless transmission module A (13) and an early warning system B (14);
the high-sensitivity leakage protection switch (2) comprises a magnetic modulation mutual inductor coil (21), an intelligent monitoring module (22), a wireless transmission module C (23), an early warning system D (24) and a switch (25);
the electric leakage monitoring and early warning device (1) is fixed in soil near the electric wire pole tower;
the high-sensitivity leakage protection switch (2) is arranged on the power transmission line;
the power taking module (11) takes power for the step voltage formed by the leakage current;
the electric leakage monitoring module (12) is used for receiving the electric energy acquired by the electricity acquiring module (11), and when the electric leakage monitoring module (12) acquires the electric energy, judging that electric leakage occurs, and sending a first command signal and a second command signal;
the wireless transmission module A (13) is connected with the electric leakage monitoring module (12) and is used for sending a signal to the wireless transmission module C (23) of the high-sensitivity electric leakage protection switch (2) according to the first command signal;
the early warning system B (14) is connected with the electric leakage monitoring module (12) and is used for sending out an alarm signal according to the second command signal;
the magnetic modulation mutual inductor coil (21) is a circular magnetic core wound with a lead, and a live wire and a zero wire of a circuit penetrate through a circular hole in the center of the magnetic core side by side;
the intelligent monitoring module (22) is respectively connected with the magnetic modulation mutual inductor coil (21) and the wireless transmission module C (23), when electric leakage occurs, the sum of current vectors of a live line and a zero line is not zero, a magnetic field is generated, the magnetic modulation mutual inductor coil (21) collects the magnetic field and converts the magnetic field into a leakage current signal to be transmitted to the intelligent monitoring module (22), and the intelligent monitoring module (22) sends a third command signal, a fourth command signal and a fifth command;
the wireless transmission module C (23) is connected with the intelligent monitoring module (22) and is used for transmitting the electric leakage information to the information processing background (3) according to the third command signal;
the early warning system D (24) is connected with the intelligent monitoring module (22) and used for sending out an early warning signal according to the fourth command signal;
the switch (25) is installed on the power transmission line, connected with the intelligent monitoring module (22) and used for disconnecting the line according to the fifth command signal;
the wireless transmission module C (23) is also used for receiving the leakage current signal sent by the wireless transmission module A (13), and when the intelligent monitoring module (22) receives the signal, the wireless transmission module C also sends out a third command signal, a fourth command signal and a fifth command signal;
and the information processing background (3) is used for receiving the leakage current information transmitted by the wireless transmission module C (23).
2. The leakage current protection, monitoring and early warning system according to claim 1, wherein the leakage current monitoring module (12) is configured to obtain the dc output by the energy obtaining module (11) for the leakage current monitoring module to operate; if no electric leakage exists, the passive self-starting electric leakage monitoring and early warning device (1) is in a closed state, if a direct current signal is obtained, the electric leakage is shown to occur, early warning information is sent out, meanwhile, an electric leakage signal is transmitted to the high-sensitivity electric leakage protection switch (2) through the wireless transmission module A (13), and the high-sensitivity electric leakage protection switch (2) sends out an alarm, disconnects a circuit and sends the electric leakage information to the information processing background (3).
3. The leakage current protection, monitoring and early warning system according to claim 1, wherein the leakage current monitoring and early warning device (1) is fixed in soil 50cm away from a pole tower of an electric wire.
4. The leakage current protection, monitoring and early warning system according to claim 1, wherein the wireless transmission module a (13) is a superheterodyne module.
5. The leakage current protection, monitoring and early warning system according to claim 1, wherein the early warning signal from the early warning system B (14) is an audible and visual early warning.
6. The leakage current protection, monitoring and early warning system according to claim 1, wherein the early warning signal emitted by the early warning system D (24) is an audible and visual early warning.
7. The leakage current protection, monitoring and early warning system according to claim 1, wherein the information processing background (3) is configured to receive, display and store the leakage current information transmitted by the wireless transmission module C (23).
8. A leakage current protection, monitoring and early warning method, which adopts the leakage current protection, monitoring and early warning system of any one of claims 1 to 7, is characterized by comprising the following steps:
based on passive self-starting electric leakage monitoring and early warning device:
s11, mounting a leakage current passive self-starting leakage monitoring and early warning device based on the step voltage principle at the position of the electric wire tower;
s12, after the step S11, when the leakage occurs, the electricity taking module takes electricity from the step voltage formed by the leakage current, and simultaneously converts the alternating current electric energy into the direct current electric energy for the leakage monitoring module to work;
s13, after the step S12, the leakage monitoring module controls the early warning system B to send out sound early warning, and controls the wireless transmission module A to transmit a leakage current signal to the wireless transmission module C of the high-sensitivity leakage protection switch;
s14, after the step S13, when the intelligent monitoring module in the high-sensitivity leakage protection switch detects the leakage current signal received by the wireless transmission module C, the early warning system D is controlled to give out sound early warning, and meanwhile, the switch is controlled, the circuit is disconnected, and the wireless transmission module C is controlled to send leakage information to the information processing background;
s15, after the step S14, the information processing background displays and stores the leakage current information;
based on high sensitive earth leakage protection switch:
s21, mounting a high-sensitivity leakage protection switch on the indoor power transmission line;
s22, after the step S21, the magnetic modulation mutual inductor coil collects leakage current in the power transmission line in real time, and when the leakage current occurs, a leakage current signal is collected and transmitted to the intelligent monitoring module;
s23, after the step S22, the intelligent monitoring module receives the electric leakage signal, controls the early warning system D to send out audible and visual alarm, controls the switch to disconnect the circuit, and controls the wireless transmission module C to send electric leakage information to the information processing background;
s24 after step S23, the information processing background displays and stores the leakage current information.
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