CN112487544A - Derivative design-based composite function building plane automatic generation method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to a derivative design-based automatic generating method of a composite function building plane, which comprises the following steps: s1: acquiring condition data according to design limiting conditions; s2: generating a basic grid according to the condition data; s3: acquiring function partition information according to the condition data and the basic grid; s4: acquiring room arrangement information in each partition unit in the function partition information according to the condition data and the function partition information; s5: obtaining the layout of each element of the general plane according to the function partition information and the room arrangement information; s6: and outputting a design result. Compared with the prior art, the method can be used for designing and generating the building plane with complex functions by fully combining the limits of operation and drawing, effectively improving the efficiency of designing the building plane with complex functions, reducing the labor cost and improving the reasonability and effect of design.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of constructional engineering, in particular to a derivative design-based automatic generating method of a composite function building plane.
Background
The main contradiction of the building space layout problem is to solve the composite limiting conditions of site conditions, function relations, area indexes, specifications and the like. Solving the problem through manpower for a long time faces the disadvantages of slow calculation, omitted conditions and repeated labor. Since the 60's of the 20 th century, computer technology began to be applied in the field of architectural design, and computer aided design was gradually developed from design expression tools to architectural generation methods. The use of computers to solve space problems has begun to be widely discussed since the last 70 s.
In the prior art, chinese patent CN202010170345.7 discloses a building design method, device, system and storage medium and chinese patent CN201910736365.3 discloses a method and an operation platform for automatically generating a building design scheme based on a computer logic algorithm, which both mention the relevant processes for solving the problem. However, the problem in the prior art is that when functions are combined, the topological relation between the functions is one of the important design bases, and the complexity of neglecting the relation often results in the unreasonable result. There are also a lot of researches on generating planes based mainly on functional topological relations, such as building generation methods (2017) limited by the functional topological relation of gucatalpo, Merrell (2010) and Nauata (2020) apply machine learning techniques to learn features including topological relations to generate residential planes. The method has the problems that the number of functional rooms is limited only by generating planes according to the topological relation among the rooms, firstly, the process of clearly setting the relation among all the functional rooms is too complicated, secondly, the calculation process may have an exponential explosion phenomenon, and thirdly, the generation result may be too fine and lacking in organization. In the prior art, the better realization result is the type with simpler function organization such as a house.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide an automatic generating method of a complex function building plane based on derivative design.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
a composite function building plane automatic generation method based on derivative design comprises the following steps:
s1: acquiring condition data according to design limiting conditions;
s2: generating a basic grid according to the condition data;
s3: acquiring function partition information according to the condition data and the basic grid;
s4: acquiring room arrangement information in each partition unit in the function partition information according to the condition data and the function partition information;
s5: obtaining the layout of each element of the general plane according to the function partition information and the room arrangement information;
s6: and outputting a design result.
Preferably, the specific step of S2 includes:
s21: acquiring the space and angle of the grid lines of the optimal grid according to the area index and the building red line in the condition data;
s22: and generating a basic grid within the red line range of the building.
Preferably, the specific step of S3 includes:
s31: acquiring the area, length and width of the partition unit according to the organization form and the area index in the condition data;
s32: and generating the positioning of the partition unit in the basic grid according to the functional relationship, the environmental information and the design specification in the condition data to obtain the functional partition based on the basic grid.
Preferably, the specific step of S31 includes:
s311: calculating the sum of the use areas of all the partition units according to the area indexes;
s312: calculating the total area of each partition unit according to the space utilization coefficient corresponding to the organization form of the partition unit;
s313: estimating the number of grid units required by the partition unit according to the total partition area of the partition unit;
s314: and acquiring the length and width lattice number of the partition unit according to the organization form of the partition unit and the required grid unit number.
Preferably, the specific step of S4 includes:
s41: determining the entrance and exit of each partition unit and the main flow line inside the partition unit according to the position relationship after the partition unit is positioned and the organization form in the condition data;
s42: and generating unit room arrangement in the partition units according to the organization form and the area index in the condition data and the entrance and exit of each partition unit.
Preferably, the total plane elements of the total plane multi-element layout include roads, greening and parking, and the specific step of S5 includes:
s51: acquiring lane design according to an entrance and an exit associated with a road in the entrance and the exit of the partition unit and a site entrance and an exit of environmental information in condition data;
s52: generating a parking lot design according to the lane design and the information of the current unoccupied space;
and S53, generating a greening design according to the parking lot design and the information of the current unoccupied space.
Preferably, the condition data includes environment information, functional relationship, area index, organization form and design specification.
Preferably, the basic grid is a building shaft grid.
Preferably, the step S2 to S5 are performed by applying a derivative design method to obtain the basic grid, the functional partition information, the room arrangement information, and the layout of each element of the total plane.
Preferably, the design result comprises an architectural drawing and an architectural design index.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) the method acquires the condition data by comprehensively designing the limiting conditions, can fully combine the limits of operation and drawing to design and generate the building plane with complex functions, effectively improves the efficiency of designing the building plane with complex functions, reduces the labor cost, and improves the reasonability and effect of design;
(2) in the generation process of the building plane, conditions such as functional topological relation, spatial organization form and the like are intervened in stages, the functional topological relation is comprehensively considered, the complex functional building can be designed and generated, the exploration probability of invalid possibility in the operation process is effectively reduced, the rationality of the generated result is improved, and the generation efficiency is effectively improved;
(3) the method is based on a derivative design method, can be combined with computer generation operation and the professional experience of designers to carry out limited optimization, and improves the rationality and effect of design.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart illustrating a method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural flow diagram illustrating the generation of a building plan according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the partition unit of the present invention organized in a single corridor;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the partition units of the present invention organized in a double-lane type;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the partition units of the present invention organized in a serial configuration;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the present invention showing the partition units organized in a radial pattern;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a partition unit of the present invention organized in a courtyard fashion;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the partition unit of the present invention organized as a master guard;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the partition unit of the present invention in a parent-child type;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the partition unit of the present invention organized in a room type.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments. Note that the following description of the embodiments is merely a substantial example, and the present invention is not intended to be limited to the application or the use thereof, and is not limited to the following embodiments.
Examples
A method for automatically generating a complex function building plane based on derivative design, as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, includes the following steps:
s1: the condition data is acquired according to the design constraint.
Specifically, design constraints are entered and translated into condition data that can be stored and invoked on the computer.
The condition data includes environmental information, functional relationships, area indicators, organization patterns, and design specifications. In this embodiment, the design constraint condition includes environmental information, functional relationship, area index, organization form, design specification, and the like. Wherein the environment information includes: defining red lines, external roads, entrances and exits, and other factors; the function relation is a topological relation among all the function partitions; the area index is the area requirement of a specific room in each functional partition; the organization form is shown in fig. 4 to 11, and shows a space organization form of each partition, including: the spatial use coefficients of the single-gallery type, the double-gallery type, the serial type, the radial type, the courtyard type, the main sanitation type, the mother-child type and the room type are shown in the following table 1; the design specification is a specification-specified design constraint, including but not limited to: the building spacing, the maximum fire-proof partition area, the number of safe exits, the number of evacuation stairs, the maximum evacuation distance, the clear width of a fire-fighting lane, the turning radius and the like.
TABLE 1 coefficient table of spatial organization form
S2: and generating a basic grid according to the condition data.
The specific steps of S2 include:
s21: and acquiring the space and angle of the grid lines of the optimal grid according to the area index and the building red line in the condition data. In particular, wherein the base mesh represents a building axial mesh; the optimization goal of the grid line spacing of the grid is to achieve most of the functional space area as easily as possible, especially for repeat units, large spaces, numerous cubicles, and the like; the optimization goal for the grid angle is to be parallel to the building red line longer boundary.
S22: and generating a basic grid within the red line range of the building. Wherein the principle of generating the basic grid is as follows: the total grid number is maximized within the building redline.
S3: and acquiring the function partition information according to the condition data and the basic grid.
The specific steps of S3 include:
s31: acquiring the area, length and width dimensions of the partition unit according to the organization form and the area index in the condition data, wherein the step S31 is as follows:
s311: calculating the sum of the use areas of all the partition units according to the area indexes;
s312: calculating the total area of each partition unit according to the space utilization coefficient corresponding to the organization form of the partition unit;
s313: estimating the number of grid units required by the partition unit according to the total partition area of the partition unit;
s314: and acquiring the length and width lattice number of the partition unit according to the organization form of the partition unit and the required grid unit number.
In step S3, the area index only includes the usage area, and the traffic area ratio is different for different organizations. The ratio of the total area to the space used is usually expressed as an average coefficient, and a common coefficient for each tissue type is shown in fig. 3. Further, the aspect ratio of the space of different structures is required to be different, for example, the aspect ratio of a single-lane type space, a double-lane type space, and other partial band type spaces is large, while the aspect ratio of a radial type space, a courtyard type space, and other partial band type spaces tends to be 1. Therefore, the organization form can be used as a basis for determining the length and width lattice number of the partition unit.
S32: and generating the positioning of the partition unit in the basic grid according to the functional relationship, the environmental information and the design specification in the condition data to obtain the functional partition based on the basic grid.
In S32, generating the partition positioning may apply derivative algorithms, including but not limited to rule system based algorithms, multi-agent system based algorithms, or heuristic optimization algorithms, etc., according to the following principles:
1. the spatial topological relation required by the functional relation is met, namely the connected functional partitions are arranged close to each other, for example, in one embodiment, the guest reception room needs to be connected with the functional partitions such as the audience service, the report hall, the guest area, the office and the stock area, so that the functional partition is positioned between the other functional partitions when the partition is positioned, and the distance is as close as possible;
2. the requirement of environment information is met, for example, in one embodiment, the storeroom area and the display area have the requirement of secondary development close to the reserved area; the display area has a sight line demand close to the landscape elements; audience services have traffic convenience requirements close to the main entrance, and the like;
3. meet the requirements of design specifications, such as building spacing requirements, maximum fire zone area requirements, and the like.
S4: and acquiring room arrangement information in each partition unit in the function partition information according to the condition data and the function partition information.
The specific steps of S4 include:
s41: and determining the inlet and outlet of each partition unit and the main flow line inside the partition unit according to the position relationship after the partition unit is positioned and the organization form in the condition data.
The gateway in S41 includes: an entrance and an exit connected with a site road; and the traffic space connectors between the partition units which are in functional connection with other partition units. Wherein, the access & exit sets up the principle to be: 1. the distance between the adjacent partition units with the contact function is close; 2. connected to the inner major flow line.
S42: and generating unit room arrangement in the partition units according to the organization form and the area index in the condition data and the entrance and exit of each partition unit.
In S42, the generation of the room arrangement may apply a derivative algorithm, including but not limited to a rule system based algorithm, a heuristic optimization algorithm, or an artificial intelligence based algorithm, and the principle is:
1. the spatial relationship between the functional space and the traffic space of each organization form is satisfied, for example, in one embodiment, the traffic space is connected with each use space in parallel in a single gallery mode, the use spaces in series connection are directly connected, and the use spaces in radial space are organized in a large space;
2. the area of each functional room required by the area index is met, namely all functional rooms need to be allocated to a space with a specific area in the corresponding partition unit, and the requirements of the area and the area index do not exceed a certain error range;
3. the connectivity of the gateway with the main flow line described in step S41 is satisfied, i.e., the space provided as the gateway cannot be occupied by the used space.
S5: and acquiring the layout of each element of the total plane according to the function partition information and the room arrangement information.
In this embodiment, the total planar elements of the total planar multi-element layout include roads, greening, and parking, and correspondingly, the specific step of S5 includes:
s51: acquiring lane design according to an entrance and an exit associated with a road in the entrance and the exit of the partition unit and a site entrance and an exit of environmental information in condition data;
in S51, the principle of obtaining lane design is: 1. all building entrances and exits and site entrances and exits are connected with a lane system; 2. and the requirements of the design specifications, such as the distance between the lane and the building, the turning radius of the lane and the like, are met.
S52: generating a parking lot design according to the lane design and the information of the current unoccupied space;
and S53, generating a greening design according to the parking lot design and the information of the current unoccupied space.
S6: and outputting a design result, wherein the design result comprises a building drawing and a building design index.
Wherein the building drawing comprises the generation results in the processes of the steps S2-S5; the building design index includes, but is not limited to, the result of calculation of the total land area, the building floor area, the total building area, the volume ratio, the building density, the greenbelt ratio, the motor vehicle parking spaces, the non-motor vehicle parking spaces and other items through the existing data.
And step S2-S5, a derivative design method is applied to obtain basic grids, function partition information, room arrangement information and the layout of each element of the total plane.
Specifically, in this embodiment, based on the derivative design method, S2 generates a plurality of basic grid results, and selects a more desirable basic grid layout from the results as a final basic grid result for the subsequent processes to adopt; s3, generating a plurality of pieces of function partition information, and selecting more expected function partition information from the pieces of function partition information as final function partition information for a subsequent process to adopt; s4 generating a plurality of room arrangement information, and selecting a more desirable unit room arrangement among the results as final room arrangement information; in S5, a plurality of designs corresponding to different elements are generated, and each of the more desirable designs is selected as a total flat layout.
All the generation steps in the method for automatically generating the building plane are S2-S5, and the common method can be summarized as the following steps:
1. necessary information processing (optional). Such as optimal grid spacing and angle calculations, area and length and width dimension calculations of the partition units, etc., in one embodiment, may not be performed in some steps, if not necessary;
2. and generating algorithm execution. Such as an algorithm to generate a grid layout, an algorithm to generate a zone location, an algorithm to generate a room arrangement, and an algorithm to generate an overall flat layout. Wherein the generating algorithm includes but is not limited to a rule system based algorithm, a multi-agent system based algorithm, a heuristic optimization algorithm, an artificial intelligence based algorithm and other derivative algorithms;
3. and selecting a design result. The above generation processes all produce multiple design results, with the user selecting the better result based on the judgment.
The above embodiments are merely examples and do not limit the scope of the present invention. These embodiments may be implemented in other various manners, and various omissions, substitutions, and changes may be made without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for automatically generating a composite function building plane based on derivative design is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: acquiring condition data according to design limiting conditions;
s2: generating a basic grid according to the condition data;
s3: acquiring function partition information according to the condition data and the basic grid;
s4: acquiring room arrangement information in each partition unit in the function partition information according to the condition data and the function partition information;
s5: obtaining the layout of each element of the general plane according to the function partition information and the room arrangement information;
s6: and outputting a design result.
2. The method for automatically generating a complex function building plane based on derivative design according to claim 1, wherein the specific step of S2 comprises:
s21: acquiring the space and angle of the grid lines of the optimal grid according to the area index and the building red line in the condition data;
s22: and generating a basic grid within the red line range of the building.
3. The method for automatically generating a complex function building plane based on derivative design according to claim 1, wherein the specific step of S3 comprises:
s31: acquiring the area, length and width of the partition unit according to the organization form and the area index in the condition data;
s32: and generating the positioning of the partition unit in the basic grid according to the functional relationship, the environmental information and the design specification in the condition data to obtain the functional partition based on the basic grid.
4. The method for automatically generating a complex function building plane based on derivative design according to claim 3, wherein the specific step of S31 comprises:
s311: calculating the sum of the use areas of all the partition units according to the area indexes;
s312: calculating the total area of each partition unit according to the space utilization coefficient corresponding to the organization form of the partition unit;
s313: estimating the number of grid units required by the partition unit according to the total partition area of the partition unit;
s314: and acquiring the length and width lattice number of the partition unit according to the organization form of the partition unit and the required grid unit number.
5. The method for automatically generating a complex function building plane based on derivative design according to claim 3, wherein the specific step of S4 comprises:
s41: determining the entrance and exit of each partition unit and the main flow line inside the partition unit according to the position relationship after the partition unit is positioned and the organization form in the condition data;
s42: and generating unit room arrangement in the partition units according to the organization form and the area index in the condition data and the entrance and exit of each partition unit.
6. The method as claimed in claim 5, wherein the total plane elements of the total plane multi-element layout include roads, greening and parking, and the step S5 includes:
s51: acquiring lane design according to an entrance and an exit associated with a road in the entrance and the exit of the partition unit and a site entrance and an exit of environmental information in condition data;
s52: generating a parking lot design according to the lane design and the information of the current unoccupied space;
and S53, generating a greening design according to the parking lot design and the information of the current unoccupied space.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the design constraints include environmental information, functional relationships, area metrics, organization patterns, and design specifications.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the basic grid is a building axial grid.
9. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the derivative design method is applied in steps S2-S5 to obtain the basic grid, the functional partition information, the room arrangement information and the layout of the elements of the total plane.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein the design result comprises a construction drawing and a construction design index.
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