CN112484660B - Non-contact type engine blade profile detection method - Google Patents

Non-contact type engine blade profile detection method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112484660B
CN112484660B CN202011257836.1A CN202011257836A CN112484660B CN 112484660 B CN112484660 B CN 112484660B CN 202011257836 A CN202011257836 A CN 202011257836A CN 112484660 B CN112484660 B CN 112484660B
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blade
detected
clamp
line laser
detection
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CN112484660A (en
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郑琪
龙智
张天辉
许美煜
高军妮
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AECC South Industry Co Ltd
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AECC South Industry Co Ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01BMEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B11/00Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
    • G01B11/24Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring contours or curvatures
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01BMEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B5/00Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
    • G01B5/003Measuring of motor parts

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Abstract

The invention discloses a non-contact type engine blade profile detection method and an engine blade profile, comprising the following steps: the method comprises the steps that a clamp is used for clamping and fixing part of a blade root of a blade to be detected, the clamp is installed and fixed on a clamp positioning assembly of a detection device, a control system controls an XZ moving platform of the detection device and drives a line laser detection assembly to reach a data acquisition position of the blade to be detected, data acquisition of the lower half portion of the blade to be detected and the upper half portion of the blade to be detected is carried out, acquired data are fused, a complete blade data point cloud model is obtained, the theoretical basis of the blade to be detected is determined according to the blade data point cloud model, absolute positioning of the blade to be detected is completed, the blade profile size of the blade to be detected is calculated, and a detection result of the blade profile of the blade to be detected is output. The non-contact type engine blade profile detection method provided by the invention realizes non-contact detection, obtains more original data in a line-to-plane data acquisition mode, and improves the detection precision.

Description

Non-contact type engine blade profile detection method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of engine blade profile measurement, in particular to a non-contact engine blade profile detection method.
Background
The blade is one of the important parts of the engine, and the processing quality of the blade directly influences the performance, the service life and the safety of the engine. Because the blade structure is complicated, the manufacturing difficulty is big, and the design index is difficult to guarantee. The processing quality of the blade is effectively controlled, and a large amount of measurement work needs to be carried out on the blade profile, so that higher requirements on the detection precision and the detection efficiency of the blade profile are provided. At present, in the detection of the blade profile of an aeroengine, a contact type three-coordinate measuring machine is mainly used for measurement. Due to the limitation of the contact type three-coordinate measuring machine on the hardware structure and the measuring principle, when the blade profile of the aero-engine is measured, the measuring speed cannot be too high, and the measuring efficiency is not high. The existing detection mode has the problem that the detection efficiency and the precision are inversely proportional and cannot be synchronously improved due to the fact that the data acquisition mode is from point to line to surface. Moreover, the existing contact detection mode is influenced by the precision and the installation precision of the positioning fixture, the repeatability of the result of multiple clamping detection is poor, meanwhile, the positioning fixture is easy to wear after multiple clamping, the requirements on the material and the processing of the fixture are high, and the design and processing cost is high. Due to the adoption of a relative positioning mode, the detection precision depends on the positioning precision of the clamp to a great extent, products of different models have differences, after different product models are replaced, the positioning clamp corresponding to the product models must be replaced, and the measurement process is complicated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a non-contact engine blade profile detection method and an engine blade profile, and aims to solve the technical problems of low detection efficiency, high clamping and positioning requirements, low detection repeatability and poor compatibility of the existing detection mode of the engine blade profile.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a non-contact type engine blade profile detection method adopts a non-contact type engine blade profile detection device to detect a blade profile to be detected, and comprises the following steps:
s1, partially clamping and fixing the blade root part of the blade to be detected through a clamp of the detection device;
s2, installing and fixing the clamp with the blade in the step S1 on a clamp positioning component of the detection device;
s3, a control system of the detection device controls an XZ mobile platform of the detection device and drives a line laser detection assembly to reach a data acquisition position of a blade to be detected, the line laser detection assembly moves according to a preset X-direction moving parameter, an X-direction magnetic grid ruler in the XZ mobile platform triggers the line laser detection assembly to acquire data of the lower half part of the blade to be detected in real time according to a set position interval in the moving process, after the data acquisition of the lower half part of the blade to be detected is completed, the XZ mobile platform moves towards the upper half part of the blade to be detected along the Z direction and reaches the preset position, the control system reads and stores actual position information of the Z-direction magnetic grid ruler in the XZ mobile platform, the line laser detection assembly moves according to the preset X-direction moving parameter again, the X-direction magnetic grid ruler triggers the line laser detection assembly to acquire data of the upper half part of the blade to be detected in real time according to the set position interval in the moving process, completing data acquisition of the upper half part of the blade to be detected;
and S4, fusing the upper half part data of the blade to be detected and the lower half part data of the blade to be detected, which are acquired in the step S3, through a data system to obtain a complete blade data point cloud model, determining the theoretical standard of the blade to be detected according to the blade data point cloud model to complete the absolute positioning of the blade to be detected, calculating to obtain the blade profile size of the blade to be detected, and outputting the detection result of the blade profile of the blade to be detected.
Further, the method for determining the theoretical standard of the blade to be measured according to the blade data point cloud model to complete the absolute positioning of the blade to be measured comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of firstly determining a datum end as a tenon of a blade to be measured, fitting an actual model and a theoretical model of the tenon, virtually aligning the actual model and the theoretical model by adopting a virtual stick, realizing coordinate conversion, analyzing a sectional view of the actual model and a sectional view of the theoretical model, and further obtaining a position degree, a profile degree and a torsion angle value.
Further, the method for determining the theoretical reference of the blade to be measured comprises the following steps: fitting the actual model and the theoretical model by adopting an iterative closest point calculation method to determine a rotation matrix value and a translation matrix value of the best fit so as to determine the theoretical basis of the blade to be measured;
the formula:
Figure GDA0003645346620000021
wherein J is the minimum error value of the actual model and the theoretical model, R is the rotation matrix value of the best fit, T is the translation matrix value of the best fit, p i For data points collected on the actual model, p i Is' a p i Corresponding to a point on the theoretical model.
Further, the air conditioner is characterized in that,
Figure GDA0003645346620000022
where p is the centroid of the actual model.
Further, the air conditioner is provided with a fan,
Figure GDA0003645346620000023
wherein p' is the centroid of the theoretical model.
Furthermore, the line laser detection assembly comprises a first line laser element positioned on one side of a leaf basin of the blade to be detected and a second line laser element positioned on one side of a leaf back of the blade to be detected, and the working range of the first line laser element is larger than one half of the height of the blade to be detected; the working range of the second line laser element is larger than one half of the height of the blade to be measured.
Further, the specific step of clamping the root of the blade to be tested by the clamp of the detection device in the step S1 includes: adjust first retaining member locking degree in detection device's anchor clamps, owing to receive reset spring automatic re-setting's elastic force effect, the distance increase between the tight piece of fixed profile modeling clamp and the tight slider of profile modeling clamp, put into until the tenon of the blade that awaits measuring of being convenient for, the kicking block in the manual regulation anchor clamps is in order to compress tightly the spring, make kicking block and side fixed stop apart from the increase, so that the tenon of the blade that awaits measuring is put into, place behind the blade that awaits measuring, it realizes pressing from both sides tightly to the terminal surface of the tenon both sides of the blade that awaits measuring to loosen the kicking block, the first retaining member of manual regulation, make the tight slider of profile modeling clamp compress tightly the blade tenon that awaits measuring, the realization is stable to the centre gripping of blade root that awaits measuring.
Furthermore, the profiling clamping slide block is provided with a first profiling boss matched with the convex teeth on one side of the tenon, and the fixed profiling clamping block is provided with a second profiling boss matched with the convex teeth on the other side of the tenon so as to partially clamp the tenon of the blade to be detected and avoid data points collected by the line laser detection assembly.
Further, the specific steps of installing and fixing the fixture with the blade on the fixture positioning assembly of the detection device in step S2 include: the fixture with the blade to be measured is installed and fixed between the fixture positioning fixing plate and the fixture pushing part, whether the fixture is installed and positioned accurately or not is detected by the detection sensor, when the detection sensor detects that the fixture is not positioned accurately, the detection sensor sends a signal to the data system, the processed data system sends an execution command to the fixture pushing part, and the fixture pushing part drives the fixture to move to an accurate position.
According to another aspect of the invention, the engine blade profile obtained by the non-contact engine blade profile detection method is also provided.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the non-contact type engine blade profile detection method comprises the steps of clamping and fixing the blade root part of a blade to be detected by adopting a clamp, then installing and fixing the clamp with the blade to be detected on a clamp positioning assembly, carrying out data acquisition on the blade profile of the blade to be detected through a line laser detection assembly to obtain a complete blade data point cloud model, determining the theoretical standard of the blade to be detected to complete the absolute positioning of the blade to be detected, and calculating the size of the blade profile of the blade to be detected. The data acquisition process is insubstantial in contact with the blade profile of the blade to be detected, the non-contact detection process is realized, and the influence of a measuring head on the blade profile posture of the blade to be detected in the contact detection process is avoided. The line laser detection assembly obtains more original data in a line-to-plane data acquisition mode, and compared with the original mode of detecting the blade profile to be detected in a line-to-plane mode, the actual appearance of the blade profile to be detected is restored more truly, the data fitting process is greatly reduced, errors introduced in the fitting process are reduced, and the detection precision is improved. Meanwhile, the absolute positioning mode can be realized by directly finding out a theoretical reference in the leaf profile calculation process, and compared with the original contact type detection mode of relative positioning, the method avoids errors caused by relative positioning and solves the problems of poor repeatability of a result of repeated detection due to the influence of the precision and the installation precision of a positioning clamp.
According to the non-contact engine blade profile detection method, an absolute positioning mode is adopted in the blade profile calculation process, namely, the blade root part of the blade to be detected is clamped by the clamp, the calculation reference is irrelevant to the clamp, only the clamping stability is ensured, the requirements on the angle and the position precision of the clamped blade profile to be detected are reduced, the design requirements and the clamping requirements on the clamp are further reduced, meanwhile, the tiny difference between the clamping positions of different types of blades to be detected can be ignored, one set of clamp is compatible with the blades to be detected of various types, and the design and processing cost of a tool clamp is reduced.
In addition to the above-described objects, features and advantages, the present invention has other objects, features and advantages. The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a blade data point cloud model in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a non-contact engine blade profile inspection device in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic internal view of a non-contact engine blade profile inspection device in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an XZ motion stage in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a line laser inspection assembly in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a clamp according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a connection view of the profile clamp slider 42 and the fixed profile clamp block 43 of the preferred embodiment of the present invention; and
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a fixture alignment assembly in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
The reference numbers indicate:
1. a frame body; 2. an XZ moving platform; 3. a line laser detection assembly; 4. a clamp; 5. a clamp positioning assembly; 6. an electric control cabinet;
21. a platform mounting base; 22. an X-axis moving mechanism; 221. an X-direction linear guide rail; 222. an X-direction linear motor; 223. an X-direction magnetic scale; 23. a Z-axis moving mechanism; 231. a first connecting plate; 232. installing a plate in the Z direction; 233. a vertical plate is arranged on the spring; 234. a second connecting plate; 235. a Z-direction linear guide rail; 236. a Z-direction linear motor; 237. a Z-direction magnetic grid ruler; 238. a first spring mounting post; 239. a second spring mounting post; 2310. a load bearing spring;
31. a linear laser mounting base plate; 32. a first line laser I-shaped mounting base; 33. a second line laser I-shaped mounting seat; 34. a first line laser element; 35. a second line laser element; 36. a line laser protection cover;
41. a clamp base; 42. profiling and clamping the sliding block; 43. fixing a profiling clamping block; 44. a first guide shaft; 45. a first locking member; 46. a return spring; 47. a compression member; 471. a baffle is installed on the spring; 472. a top block; 473. a second guide shaft; 474. a second locking member; 475. a compression spring; 48. a side fixing baffle plate;
51. a fixture positioning fixing plate; 52. a detection sensor; 53. a clamp pusher; 531. an electric sliding mechanism; 532. a bearing mounting plate; 533. a clamp positioning push plate; 534. a guide bar; 535. a bearing; 536. a buffer spring.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a blade data point cloud model in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a non-contact engine blade profile inspection device in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 3 is a schematic internal view of a non-contact engine blade profile inspection device in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an XZ motion stage in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a line laser inspection assembly in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a clamp according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 7 is a connection view of the profile clamp slide and the fixed profile clamp block of the preferred embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a fixture alignment assembly of the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the non-contact type engine blade profile detection method of the present embodiment,
the method for detecting the blade profile of the blade to be detected by adopting the non-contact type engine blade profile detection device comprises the following steps:
s1, partially clamping and fixing the blade root part of the blade to be detected through the clamp 4 of the detection device;
s2, installing and fixing the clamp 4 with the blade in the step S1 on a clamp positioning component 5 of the detection device;
s3, the control system of the detection device controls the XZ mobile platform 2 of the detection device and drives the line laser detection component 3 to reach the data acquisition position of the blade to be detected, the line laser detection component 3 moves according to the preset X-direction movement parameter, the X-direction magnetic grid ruler 223 in the XZ mobile platform 2 triggers the line laser detection component 3 to acquire data of the lower half part of the blade to be detected in real time according to the set position interval in the moving process, after the data acquisition of the lower half part of the blade to be detected is completed, the line laser detection component 3 on the XZ mobile platform 2 moves towards the upper half part of the blade to be detected along the Z direction and reaches the preset position, the control system reads and stores the actual position information of the Z-direction magnetic grid ruler in the XZ mobile platform 2, the line laser detection component 3 moves according to the preset X-direction movement parameter again, the X-direction magnetic grid ruler 223 triggers the line laser detection component 3 to count the upper half part of the blade to be detected in real time according to the set position interval in the moving process According to the data acquisition, finishing the data acquisition of the upper half part of the blade to be detected;
and S4, fusing the upper half part data of the blade to be detected and the lower half part data of the blade to be detected, which are acquired in the step S3, through a data system to obtain a complete blade data point cloud model, determining the theoretical standard of the blade to be detected according to the blade data point cloud model to complete the absolute positioning of the blade to be detected, calculating to obtain the blade profile size of the blade to be detected, and outputting the detection result of the blade profile of the blade to be detected.
The non-contact type engine blade profile detection method comprises the steps of clamping and fixing the blade root part of a blade to be detected by adopting a clamp 4, installing and fixing the clamp 4 with the blade to be detected on a clamp positioning component 5, carrying out data acquisition on the blade profile of the blade to be detected by a line laser detection component 3 to obtain a complete blade data point cloud model, determining the theoretical standard of the blade to be detected to complete the absolute positioning of the blade to be detected, and calculating the size of the blade profile of the blade to be detected. The data acquisition process is insubstantial in contact with the blade profile of the blade to be detected, the non-contact detection process is realized, and the influence of a measuring head on the blade profile posture of the blade to be detected in the contact detection process is avoided. The line laser detection assembly 3 obtains more original data through a line-to-plane data acquisition mode, and compared with the original point-to-line-to-plane detection mode, the actual appearance of the blade profile of the blade to be detected is restored more truly, the data fitting process is greatly reduced, errors introduced by the fitting process are reduced, and the detection precision is improved. Meanwhile, the absolute positioning mode can be realized by directly finding out a theoretical reference in the leaf profile calculation process, and compared with the original contact type detection mode of relative positioning, the method avoids errors caused by relative positioning and solves the problems of poor repeatability of a result of repeated detection due to the influence of the precision and the installation precision of a positioning clamp. Where the data listed in figure 1 are collected data points.
According to the non-contact type engine blade profile detection method, an absolute positioning mode is adopted in the blade calculation process, namely, the clamp 4 is adopted to clamp the blade root part of the blade to be detected, the calculation reference is irrelevant to the clamp 4, only the clamping stability is ensured, the requirements on the angle and the position precision of the blade profile to be detected after the blade profile to be detected is clamped are reduced, the design requirements and the clamping requirements on the clamp 4 are reduced, meanwhile, the small difference between the clamping positions of different types of blades to be detected can be ignored, the compatibility of one set of clamp 4 with the blades to be detected of various types is realized, and the design and processing cost of a tool clamp is reduced.
The non-contact type engine blade profile detection device adopts a rectangular frame structure, the X-axis direction is the long-edge direction of a rectangle on a horizontal plane, and the Z-axis direction is the vertical direction of the rectangular frame structure perpendicular to the X-axis.
In this embodiment, the method for determining the theoretical reference of the blade to be measured according to the blade data point cloud model to complete the absolute positioning of the blade to be measured includes: the method comprises the steps of firstly determining a datum end as a tenon of a blade to be measured, fitting an actual model and a theoretical model of the tenon, virtually aligning the actual model and the theoretical model by adopting a virtual stick, realizing coordinate conversion, analyzing a sectional view of the actual model and a sectional view of the theoretical model, and further obtaining a position degree, a profile degree and a torsion angle value.
In this embodiment, the method for determining the theoretical reference of the blade to be measured includes: fitting the actual model and the theoretical model by adopting an iterative closest point calculation method to determine a rotation matrix value and a translation matrix value of the best fit so as to determine the theoretical basis of the blade to be measured;
the formula:
Figure GDA0003645346620000061
wherein J is the minimum error value of the actual model and the theoretical model, R is the rotation matrix value of the best fit, T is the translation matrix value of the best fit, p i For data points collected on the actual model, p i Is' a p i Corresponding to a point on the theoretical model. The rotation matrix values (R) and translation matrix values (T) of the best fit are determined such that the sum of the errors of each point in the actual model after change from the nearest point in the theoretical model is minimal.
In the present embodiment of the present invention,
Figure GDA0003645346620000062
where p is the centroid of the actual model.
In the present embodiment of the present invention,
Figure GDA0003645346620000063
wherein p' is the centroid of the theoretical model.
According to the centroid calculation formula of the actual model and the theoretical model, the formula is as follows:
Figure GDA0003645346620000064
unfolding the objective function to be minimized:
Figure GDA0003645346620000065
in the above formula, p i -p-R(p i '-p') is 0 after summing, so the above equation can be simplified to:
Figure GDA0003645346620000066
wherein
Figure GDA0003645346620000067
Relating to the rotation matrix R, | | p-Rp' -T | | Y 2 Both with the rotation matrix R and with the translation matrix T, but only with the centroid. In order to minimize the value of J, the above two equations can be respectively set to 0, and the objective function is minimized. Therefore, the target is simplified into the sum of two square terms, the two square terms can be solved respectively, and the solution is firstly carried out
Figure GDA0003645346620000071
Then the obtained rotation matrix R is substituted into | | | p-Rp' -T | | luminance 2 A translation matrix T is obtained. Known centroid points p and p ', the centroid coordinates q and q' of each point are calculated, which are related: q ═ p' -p, q ═ p i '-p', substituted into the above relation,
Figure GDA0003645346620000072
wherein R is T R is I, I is an identity matrix, t is a transposed matrix, and the formula is obtained by arranging:
Figure GDA0003645346620000073
w is a matrix of 3 x 3,
Figure GDA0003645346620000074
decomposition using SVD yielded: w ═ U ∑ V t
Wherein U, V is a diagonal matrix after decomposition using SVD.
When W is full rank, R ═ UV t
After the rotation matrix R is calculated, carry in | p-Rp' -T | Y cells 2 And solving a translation matrix T.
In practice the above is done only once and the full name of ICP is Iterative Closest Point.
For each point in the actual model, the closest point of the match is found in the theoretical model, and it should be noted that the point clouds are not matched one by one every time, wherein the number of the point clouds is one aspect, and it is also foreseeable that many-to-one closest point matching is easy to occur, and certainly, the effect of one-to-one matching can be achieved through some additional limitations. If the error is larger than the threshold value, iteration is carried out again until the number of iteration times reaches the threshold value or the error is smaller than the threshold value, and a rotation matrix value R and a translation matrix value T which are optimally fitted are obtained according to the calculation of the process.
As shown in fig. 5, in the present embodiment, the line laser detection assembly 3 includes a first line laser element 34 located on the basin side of the blade to be detected and a second line laser element 35 located on the back side of the blade to be detected, and the working range of the first line laser element 34 is greater than one-half of the height of the blade to be detected. The working range of the second line laser element 35 is greater than one-half of the height of the blade to be measured. The line laser detection unit 3 includes: the laser mounting device comprises a line laser mounting base plate 31 fixedly mounted at the top of a second connecting plate 234, a line laser I-shaped mounting seat arranged on the line laser mounting base plate 31 and used for bearing a line laser element, wherein the line laser I-shaped mounting seat comprises a first line laser I-shaped mounting seat 32 and a second line laser I-shaped mounting seat 33, the first line laser I-shaped mounting seat 32 and the second line laser I-shaped mounting seat 33 are arranged on the line laser mounting base plate 31 in a staggered mode, a first line laser element 34 is fixed on the first line laser I-shaped mounting seat 32 and close to one side of a leaf basin of a blade to be tested, a second line laser element 35 is fixed on the second line laser I-shaped mounting seat 33 and close to one side of a leaf back of the blade to be tested, and both the first line laser element 34 and the second line laser element 35 are provided with a line laser protective cover 36; the first line laser element 34 and the second line laser element 35 are electrically connected to the electric control cabinet 6. The line laser detection assembly 3 is fixedly mounted at the top of the second connecting plate 234 of the XZ moving platform 2 through a line laser mounting base plate 31, two line laser i-shaped mounting seats are fixedly mounted on the line laser mounting base plate 31 in a staggered manner, mutual interference of two line laser elements during simultaneous working is avoided, and the line laser elements and a line laser protection cover 36 are fixedly mounted on the line laser i-shaped mounting seats. Wherein, the working range of the first line laser element 34 is greater than one half of the height of the blade to be measured; the working range of the second line laser element 35 is greater than one-half of the height of the blade to be measured. The data acquisition components and parts adopted in the line laser assembly are two line laser elements, the working range of the first line laser element 34 and the second line laser element 35 is larger than one half of the height of the blade to be detected, the two line laser elements are distributed and installed on two sides of the blade to be detected, namely a blade basin side and a blade back side, data acquisition is carried out simultaneously, the acquisition process is not in substantial contact with the blade profile of the blade to be detected, and the non-contact detection process is realized.
As shown in fig. 6 and 7, in this embodiment, the specific step of clamping the root portion of the blade to be detected by the clamp 4 of the detection device in step S1 includes: adjust detection device's first retaining member 45 locking degree in anchor clamps 4, owing to receive reset spring 46 automatic re-setting's elastic force effect, the distance increase between fixed profile modeling presss from both sides tight piece 43 and the profile modeling presss from both sides tight slider 42, put into up to the tenon of the blade that awaits measuring, the kicking block 472 in the manual regulation anchor clamps 4 is in order to compress tightly spring 475, make kicking block 472 and side fixed stop 48 apart from the increase, so that the tenon of the blade that awaits measuring is put into, place behind the blade that awaits measuring, it realizes pressing from both sides tightly to the terminal surface of the tenon both sides of the blade that awaits measuring to loosen kicking block 472, manually adjust first retaining member 45, make profile modeling press from both sides tight slider 42 compress tightly the blade tenon that awaits measuring, the realization is stable to the centre gripping of the blade root that awaits measuring. Preferably, the profiling clamping slider 42 is provided with a first profiling boss matched with a convex tooth on one side of the tenon, and the fixed profiling clamping block 43 is provided with a second profiling boss matched with a convex tooth on the other side of the tenon so as to partially clamp the tenon of the blade to be detected, thereby avoiding data points collected by the line laser detection assembly 3.
The clamp 4 comprises a clamp base 41, a copying clamping slide block 42 and a fixed copying clamping block 43 which are used for clamping and positioning the tenon convex teeth of the blade to be tested are distributed on the clamp base 41, a first copying boss which is used for being matched with the convex teeth on one side of the tenon is arranged on the copying clamping slide block 42, the copying clamping slide block 42 is connected on the clamp base 41 in a sliding manner, a second copying boss which is used for being matched with the convex teeth on the other side of the tenon is arranged on the fixed copying clamping block 43, a first guide shaft 44 which is used for penetrating through the fixed copying clamping block 43 and the copying clamping slide block 42 to realize axial fixation is arranged on the fixed copying clamping block 43, a first locking piece 45 which is used for limiting the moving distance of the copying clamping slide block 42 is arranged at one end, close to the copying clamping slide block 42, of the first guide shaft 44, a reset spring 46 which is used for being sleeved on the first guide shaft 44 is arranged between the fixed copying clamping block 43 and the copying clamping slide block 42, so as to realize the automatic resetting of the fixed profiling clamping block 43 and the profiling clamping slide block 42, thereby facilitating the installation of the tenon of the blade to be tested; a pressing piece 47 and a side fixing baffle 48 which are used for clamping and positioning the tenon end face of the blade to be measured are arranged on the clamp base 41, and the contact surface of the side fixing baffle 48 is attached to the tenon end face of the blade to be measured; the pressing piece 47 comprises a spring installation baffle 471 arranged on the clamp base 41, and a top block 472 which is in contact with the tenon end face of the blade to be tested in an abutting mode, the spring installation baffle 471 is provided with a second guide shaft 473 used for penetrating the spring installation baffle 471 and the top block 472 to achieve axial fixation, a second locking piece 474 which is used for pressing the top block 472 against the tenon end face of the blade to be tested is arranged on the second guide shaft 473 near one end of the spring installation baffle 471, and a pressing spring 475 which is sleeved on the second guide shaft 473 is installed between the spring installation baffle 471 and the top block 472 so as to install the tenon of the blade to be tested and guarantee the stability of the tenon clamping of the blade to be tested.
The fixture 4 is placed on a cross beam at the top of the rack body 1, wherein the profile modeling clamping slide block 42 is in sliding fit with the fixture base 41, the fixed profile modeling clamping block 43 is fixedly installed on the fixture base 41, the first guide shaft 44 penetrates through the fixed profile modeling clamping block 43 and the profile modeling clamping slide block 42, the end, close to the profile modeling clamping slide block 42, of the first guide shaft 44 is locked with the first locking piece 45, the reset spring 46 is arranged between the fixed profile modeling clamping block 43 and the profile modeling clamping slide block 42, the reset spring 46 is installed on the first guide shaft 44, tenon convex teeth of the blade to be measured are clamped between the fixed profile modeling clamping block 43 and the profile modeling clamping slide block 42, and further, the first profile modeling boss and the second profile modeling boss are respectively matched with convex teeth on two sides of the tenon, so that the tenon of the blade to be measured is stably clamped. The side fixing baffle plate 48 and the spring installation baffle plate 471 are both fixedly installed on the fixture base 41, the top block 472 and the spring installation baffle plate 471 are connected and matched through the second guide shaft 473, the second locking member 474 is locked at the free end of the top block 472, and the compression spring 475 is installed between the top block 472 and the spring installation baffle plate 471. Adjust first retaining member 45 locking degree, make the elastic force who receives reset spring 46 automatic re-setting, the distance increase between fixed profile modeling clamp block 43 and the profile modeling clamp block 42, put into up to the tenon of the blade that awaits measuring, manual will promote kicking block 472 again in order to compress tightly spring 475, make kicking block 472 and side fixed stop 48 apart from increasing to put into in order to the tenon of the blade that awaits measuring, place behind the blade that awaits measuring, it presss from both sides with the terminal surface of the tenon both sides of the blade that awaits measuring to loosen kicking block 472, in order to further increase the blade stability that awaits measuring, manually adjust first retaining member 45, make profile modeling clamp block 42 compress tightly the blade tenon that awaits measuring, realize the complete fixation of the blade that awaits measuring.
Preferably, the first locking member 45 is a first butterfly nut which is in threaded engagement with the first locking member 45; second retaining member 474 employs a second wing nut that threadably engages second retaining member 474.
As shown in fig. 2 and 8, in this embodiment, the specific steps of mounting and fixing the fixture 4 with the blade on the fixture positioning assembly 5 of the detection device in step S2 include: the fixture 4 with the measured blade is installed and fixed between the fixture positioning fixing plate 51 and the fixture pushing member 53, the detection sensor 52 is adopted to detect whether the installation and the positioning of the fixture 4 are accurate, when the detection sensor 52 detects that the fixture 4 is not accurately positioned, the detection sensor 52 sends a signal to the data system, the processed data system sends an execution command to the fixture pushing member 53, and the fixture pushing member 53 drives the fixture 4 to move to an accurate position.
The clamp positioning assembly 5 is arranged on a cross beam at the top of the rack body 1; the clamp positioning assembly 5 comprises a clamp positioning fixing plate 51 which is arranged on a cross beam of the rack body 1 and is in contact fit with one end surface of the clamp base 41, a detection sensor 52 for detecting whether the clamp 4 is accurately installed and positioned is arranged at one end, far away from the clamp base 41, of the clamp positioning fixing plate 51, and a clamp pushing part 53 for adjusting the clamp 4 to move to an accurate position. The clamp positioning assembly 5 is arranged on a beam at the top of the rack body 1, the clamp positioning fixing plate 51 is arranged on the beam of the rack body 1, the detection sensor 52 is connected onto the clamp positioning fixing plate 51 through threads, the detection distance adjustment is realized by adjusting the relative position of the detection sensor 52 in the clamp positioning fixing plate 51, whether the clamp 4 is installed in place in the clamp positioning assembly 5 is accurately detected, and the clamp pushing piece 53 moves to an accurate position by adjusting the clamp 4.
In the present embodiment, the jig pushing member 53 includes: the clamp positioning device comprises an electric sliding mechanism 531, a bearing mounting plate 532, a clamp positioning push plate 533, a guide rod 534 and a bearing 535, wherein the electric sliding mechanism 531 is arranged on a cross beam of the rack body 1 and used for driving the clamp 4 to move, the bearing mounting plate 532 is mounted on the electric sliding mechanism 531 and synchronously moves with the electric sliding mechanism 531, the clamp positioning push plate 533 is in contact fit with the other end face of the clamp base 41, the clamp base 41 is clamped and positioned between the clamp positioning push plate 533 and the clamp positioning fixing plate 51, the bearing 535 penetrates through the bearing mounting plate 532 and is abutted against the clamp positioning push plate 533 to push the clamp positioning push plate 533 and drive the clamp to move towards the clamp positioning fixing plate 51, the bearing 535 is mounted on the bearing mounting plate 532 and is connected with the guide rod 534 in a sliding manner, and a buffer spring 536 is mounted between the bearing mounting plate 532 and the clamp positioning push plate 533 and used for being sleeved on the guide rod 534.
The above-mentioned clip pusher 53 includes: an electric slide mechanism 531, a bearing mounting plate 532, a jig positioning push plate 533, a guide rod 534, a bearing 535, and a buffer spring 536. The guide rod 534 is matched with the bearing 535 to move relatively, and the buffer spring 536 is sleeved on the guide rod 534 between the bearing mounting plate 532 and the clamp positioning push plate 533. The clamp provided with the blade to be tested is placed on a cross beam at the top of the rack, an arc surface on one side of the clamp base 41 is parallel to a contact surface of the clamp positioning push plate 533, the concave arc surface of the positioning fixing plate 51 is attached to the other side surface of the clamp base 41, the data system controls the electric sliding table mechanism 531 to drive the bearing mounting plate 532 to move, meanwhile, the clamp positioning push plate 533 moves towards the direction close to the positioning fixing plate 51 until the clamp 4 is tightly pressed, when the clamping process occurs, the buffer spring 536 installed between the clamp positioning push plate 533 and the bearing mounting plate 532 is compressed, the compressed buffer spring 536 enables the guide rod 534 and the bearing 535 to relatively move through restoring force, and therefore the electric sliding mechanism 531 and the clamp 4 are protected. In this embodiment, the electric control cabinet 6 is electrically connected to the detection sensor 52; the electric control cabinet 6 is electrically connected with the electric sliding mechanism 531. Whether to put in place with detecting anchor clamps 4 through detecting sensor 52 and then electrically communicate automatically controlled cabinet 6 and feed back to data system, if anchor clamps 4 do not install in place, data system sends the execution command again and conveys to electric sliding mechanism 531 through automatically controlled cabinet 6 to control electric sliding mechanism 531 and remove, and then drive anchor clamps 4 and remove to the assigned position.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the non-contact engine blade profile detection method of the present embodiment includes: the device comprises a rack body 1, an XZ moving platform 2, a line laser detection assembly 3, a clamp 4, a clamp positioning assembly 5 and an electric control cabinet 6, wherein the XZ moving platform 2 is arranged in the rack body 1 and is used for controlling the moving distance of the line laser detection assembly 3 in the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction respectively; the data system controls the XZ moving platform 2 and the clamp positioning component 5 to move, so that the line laser detection component 3 collects point cloud data of the blade to be detected in an upper part and a lower part, processes the point cloud data of the blade, further obtains a complete point cloud model of the blade data, and further outputs a detection result of the blade profile of the blade to be detected.
As shown in fig. 2 and 4, in the present embodiment, the XZ moving platform 2 includes: the device comprises a platform mounting base 21 which is fixedly mounted in the rack body 1, an X-axis moving mechanism 22 which is arranged on the platform mounting base 21 and used for controlling the moving distance of the line laser detection assembly 3 in the X-axis direction, and a Z-axis moving mechanism 23 which is arranged on the X-axis moving mechanism 22 and used for controlling the moving distance of the line laser detection assembly 3 in the Z-axis direction. The data system controls the XZ moving platform 2 and drives the line laser detection assembly 3, so that the line laser detection assembly 3 reaches the data acquisition position of the blade to be detected, the XZ moving platform 2 is controlled to move according to the preset X-axis direction moving parameter, blade point cloud data acquisition is carried out on the lower part of the blade to be detected, after the completion, the XZ moving platform 2 drives the line laser detection assembly 33 to move upwards along the Z direction, and after the preset position is reached, the line laser detection assembly moves according to the preset X-axis direction moving parameter, and blade point cloud data acquisition is carried out on the upper part of the blade to be detected.
As shown in fig. 4, in the present embodiment, the X-axis moving mechanism 22 includes: an X-direction linear guide rail 221 arranged on the platform mounting base 21 and used for the Z-axis moving mechanism 23 to slide along the X-axis direction, an X-direction linear motor 222 arranged on the platform mounting base 21 and used for driving the Z-axis moving mechanism 23 to slide on the X-direction linear guide rail 221, an X-direction magnetic grid ruler 223 used for measuring the displacement value of the Z-axis moving mechanism 23 in the X-axis direction, and the X-direction linear motor 222 and the X-direction magnetic grid ruler 223 are respectively and electrically connected with the electric control cabinet 6; the Z-axis moving mechanism 23 includes: a first connecting plate 231 arranged on the X-direction linear guide 221, a first slider arranged on one surface of the first connecting plate 231 close to the X-direction linear guide 221 for sliding on the X-direction linear guide 221, a Z-direction mounting plate 232 and a spring mounting riser 233 fixedly arranged on the other surface of the first connecting plate 231, a second connecting plate 234 arranged between the Z-direction mounting plate 232 and the spring mounting riser 233 for carrying the line laser detection assembly 3, a Z-direction linear guide 235 arranged on the Z-direction mounting plate 232 for sliding the second connecting plate 234 along the Z-axis direction, a Z-direction linear motor 236 arranged on the Z-direction mounting plate 232 for driving the second connecting plate 234 to slide on the Z-direction linear guide 235, a Z-direction magnetic scale 237 for measuring the displacement value of the second connecting plate 234 in the Z-axis direction, and a second slider arranged on one surface of the second connecting plate 234 close to the Z-direction linear guide 235 for sliding on the Z-direction linear guide 235, a first spring mounting column 238 and a second spring mounting column 239 are arranged between the other side of the second connecting plate 234 and the spring mounting vertical plate 233, the first spring mounting column 238 and the second spring mounting column 239 are on the same straight line, a bearing spring 2310 for bearing the second connecting plate 234 is arranged between the first spring mounting column 238 and the second spring mounting column 239, the Z-direction linear motor 236 and the Z-direction magnetic grid ruler 237 are respectively electrically connected with the electric control cabinet 6, and further controlled through a data system.
The XZ moving platform 2 is fixedly arranged in the frame, the X-direction linear motor 222, the X-direction magnetic grid ruler 223 and the X-direction linear guide rail 221 are all arranged between the platform mounting seat 21 and the first connecting plate 231, so that the platform mounting seat 21 and the first connecting plate 231 form a moving fit with displacement output, the Z-direction mounting plate 232 and the spring mounting upright plate 233 are fixedly mounted on the first connecting plate 231, the Z-direction linear motor 236, the Z-direction magnetic scale 237 and the Z-direction linear guide 235 are all mounted between the Z-direction mounting plate 232 and the second connecting plate 234, so that a movable fit with displacement output is formed between the Z-direction mounting plate 232 and the second connecting plate 234, the first spring mounting column 238 and the second spring mounting column 239 are respectively and fixedly mounted on the spring mounting vertical plate 233 and the second connecting plate 234, and the bearing spring 2310 is mounted between the first spring mounting column 238 and the second spring mounting column 239. Preferably, handles are mounted at both ends of the platform mounting base 21 to facilitate the turnover and installation of the XZ moving platform 2. X direction magnetic grid chi 223 triggers line laser detection component 3 to carry out data acquisition to the latter half of blade that awaits measuring according to setting for the position interval in real time among the XZ moving platform 2 in the removal process, after accomplishing, XZ moving platform 2 drives line laser detection component 3 and upwards moves along the Z direction, reach preset position after, data system reads and preserves Z direction magnetic grid chi 237 actual position information, line laser detection component 3 moves according to preset X direction movement parameter, X direction magnetic grid chi 223 triggers line laser to carry out data acquisition to the first half both sides of blade that awaits measuring according to setting for the position interval in real time among the XZ moving platform 2 in the removal process. And after the data acquisition is finished, the data system automatically fuses the data acquired twice to obtain a complete point cloud model of the data of the blade to be detected, determines the theoretical standard of the blade to be detected according to the data model to finish the absolute positioning of the blade to be detected, and further calculates to obtain the blade profile size of the blade to be detected.
According to another aspect of the invention, the engine blade profile obtained by the non-contact engine blade profile detection method is also provided.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A non-contact type engine blade profile detection method is characterized in that,
the method for detecting the blade profile of the blade to be detected by adopting the non-contact type engine blade profile detection device comprises the following steps:
s1, clamping and fixing the blade root part of the blade to be detected through a clamp (4) of the detection device;
s2, installing and fixing the clamp (4) with the blade in the step S1 on a clamp positioning component (5) of the detection device;
s3, controlling an XZ moving platform (2) of the detection device by a control system of the detection device and driving a line laser detection assembly (3) to reach a data acquisition position of a blade to be detected, enabling the line laser detection assembly (3) to move according to a preset X-direction moving parameter, triggering the line laser detection assembly (3) to acquire data of the lower half part of the blade to be detected in real time by an X-direction magnetic grid ruler (223) in the XZ moving platform (2) according to a set position interval in the moving process, after the data acquisition of the lower half part of the blade to be detected is completed, enabling the line laser detection assembly (3) in the XZ moving platform (2) to move to the upper half part of the blade to be detected along the Z direction and reach the preset position, reading and storing the actual position information of the Z-direction magnetic grid ruler in the XZ moving platform (2) by the control system, enabling the line laser detection assembly (3) to move according to the preset X-direction moving parameter again, in the moving process, the X-direction magnetic grid ruler (223) triggers the line laser detection assembly (3) to acquire data of the upper half part of the blade to be detected in real time according to the set position interval, and the data acquisition of the upper half part of the blade to be detected is completed;
s4, fusing the upper half part data of the blade to be detected and the lower half part data of the blade to be detected, which are acquired in the step S3, through a data system to obtain a complete blade data point cloud model, determining the theoretical standard of the blade to be detected according to the blade data point cloud model to complete the absolute positioning of the blade to be detected, calculating the size of the blade profile of the blade to be detected, and outputting the detection result of the blade profile of the blade to be detected;
the specific steps of installing and fixing the clamp (4) with the blade to the clamp positioning assembly (5) of the detection device in the step S2 include:
the method comprises the following steps that a clamp (4) with a blade to be measured is fixedly installed between a clamp positioning fixing plate (51) and a clamp pushing piece (53), whether the clamp (4) is accurately installed and positioned is detected by a detection sensor (52), when the detection sensor (52) detects that the clamp (4) is not accurately positioned, the detection sensor (52) sends a signal to a data system, the processed data system sends an execution command to the clamp pushing piece (53), and the clamp pushing piece (53) drives the clamp (4) to move to an accurate position;
the jig pushing member (53) includes: an electric sliding mechanism (531) which is arranged on the beam of the frame body (1) and is used for driving the clamp (4) to move, a bearing mounting plate (532) which is arranged on the electric sliding mechanism (531) and moves synchronously with the electric sliding mechanism (531), a clamp positioning push plate (533) for contact fitting with the other end face of the clamp base (41), in order to fix a position anchor clamps base (41) centre gripping between anchor clamps location push pedal (533) and anchor clamps location fixed plate (51), wear to establish bearing mounting panel (532) and support and push up to on anchor clamps location push pedal (533) with promote anchor clamps location push pedal (533) and drive guide bar (534) that anchor clamps moved to anchor clamps location fixed plate (51) direction, install bearing (535) that are connected on bearing mounting panel (532) and with guide bar (534) sliding sleeve, install between bearing mounting panel (532) and anchor clamps location push pedal (533) and be used for the cover to establish buffer spring (536) on guide bar (534).
2. The non-contact engine blade profile detection method according to claim 1,
the method for determining the theoretical standard of the blade to be measured according to the blade profile data point cloud model to complete the absolute positioning of the blade to be measured comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of firstly determining a datum end as a tenon of a blade to be measured, fitting an actual model and a theoretical model of the tenon, virtually aligning the actual model and the theoretical model by adopting a virtual stick, realizing coordinate conversion, analyzing a sectional view of the actual model and a sectional view of the theoretical model, and further obtaining the position degree, the profile degree and the torsion angle value.
3. The non-contact engine blade profile testing method of claim 2,
the method for determining the theoretical reference of the blade to be measured comprises the following steps:
fitting the actual model and the theoretical model by adopting an iterative closest point calculation method, and determining a rotation matrix value and a translation matrix value of the best fit so as to determine the theoretical reference of the blade to be measured;
the formula is as follows:
Figure FDA0003645346610000021
wherein J is the minimum error value of the actual model and the theoretical model, R is the rotation matrix value of the best fit, T is the translation matrix value of the best fit, p i For data points collected on the actual model, p i Is' a p i Corresponding to the closest point on the theoretical model.
4. The non-contact engine blade profile detection method according to claim 3,
Figure FDA0003645346610000022
where p is the centroid of the actual model.
5. The non-contact engine blade profile detection method according to claim 3,
Figure FDA0003645346610000023
wherein p' is the centroid of the theoretical model.
6. The non-contact engine blade profile detection method according to claim 1,
the line laser detection component (3) comprises a first line laser element (34) positioned on one side of a blade basin of the blade to be detected and a second line laser element (35) positioned on one side of the blade back of the blade to be detected,
the working range of the first line laser element (34) is larger than one half of the height of the blade to be measured;
the working range of the second line laser element (35) is larger than one half of the height of the blade to be measured.
7. The non-contact engine blade profile detection method according to claim 2,
the specific step of clamping the root part of the blade to be detected by the clamp (4) of the detection device in the step S1 includes:
the locking degree of a first locking piece (45) in a clamp (4) of the detection device is adjusted, and the distance between a fixed profiling clamping block (43) and a profiling clamping slide block (42) is increased under the elastic action of automatic resetting of a reset spring (46) until a tenon of a blade to be detected is placed conveniently,
the jacking block (472) in the clamp (4) is manually adjusted to compress the pressing spring (475), so that the distance between the jacking block (472) and the side fixed baffle (48) is increased, the tenon of the blade to be tested is put in, after the blade to be tested is placed, the end faces of two sides of the tenon of the blade to be tested are clamped by loosening the jacking block (472),
and manually adjusting the first locking piece (45) to enable the profiling clamping slide block (42) to press the tenon of the blade to be tested, so that the blade root of the blade to be tested is stably clamped.
8. The non-contact engine blade profile detection method according to claim 7,
the profiling clamping slide block (42) is provided with a first profiling boss matched with the convex teeth on one side of the tenon, and the fixed profiling clamping block (43) is provided with a second profiling boss matched with the convex teeth on the other side of the tenon so as to partially clamp the tenon of the blade to be detected and avoid data points collected by the line laser detection assembly (3).
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