CN112483006A - Rock threaded hole drilling bit of rotary drilling rig and using method and application thereof - Google Patents
Rock threaded hole drilling bit of rotary drilling rig and using method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112483006A CN112483006A CN202011443800.2A CN202011443800A CN112483006A CN 112483006 A CN112483006 A CN 112483006A CN 202011443800 A CN202011443800 A CN 202011443800A CN 112483006 A CN112483006 A CN 112483006A
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 139
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 235000011089 carbon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
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- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron manganese Chemical compound [Mn].[Fe] DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010187 selection method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000616 Ferromanganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
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- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 description 2
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- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/42—Rotary drag type drill bits with teeth, blades or like cutting elements, e.g. fork-type bits, fish tail bits
- E21B10/43—Rotary drag type drill bits with teeth, blades or like cutting elements, e.g. fork-type bits, fish tail bits characterised by the arrangement of teeth or other cutting elements
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/02—Core bits
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/02—Core bits
- E21B10/06—Roller core bits
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/08—Roller bits
- E21B10/12—Roller bits with discs cutters
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/26—Drill bits with leading portion, i.e. drill bits with a pilot cutter; Drill bits for enlarging the borehole, e.g. reamers
- E21B10/32—Drill bits with leading portion, i.e. drill bits with a pilot cutter; Drill bits for enlarging the borehole, e.g. reamers with expansible cutting tools
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/44—Bits with helical conveying portion, e.g. screw type bits; Augers with leading portion or with detachable parts
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a rock threaded hole drilling bit of a rotary drilling rig, which comprises a drilling barrel (3), wherein a connecting part (1) used for being connected with a drilling machine is arranged at the top end of the drilling barrel (3), a spiral sheet (2) is arranged on the outer wall of the drilling barrel (3), an annular cutter head (5) is arranged at the bottom end of the drilling barrel (3), a rock breaking part (6) is arranged at the bottom end of the annular cutter head (5), a first groove used for accommodating a built-in radial cutter (4) is arranged on the side wall of the annular cutter head (5), and a first groove is movably arranged on the first grooveThe movable cover is covered with a cover plate (18). The invention also discloses a use method and application of the rock threaded hole drilling bit of the rotary drilling rig. The invention can realize the drilling of the drilled hole with threads in the rock and is suitable for dry ice cracking and traditional CO2The drilling work of gas explosion, the drilling that has the screw thread can realize better hole sealing after adding the hole sealing agent, can effectual reduction punching phenomenon's emergence, guarantees the safety of dry ice induced fracture rock-breaking work.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a rock threaded hole drilling bit of a rotary drilling rig, a using method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of rotary drilling rigs.
Background
The rotary drilling rig is a construction machine for hole forming operation, and the principle of the rotary drilling rig is that a drill rod is driven by a power head to realize that a drilling tool rotates to cut rock soil, then the drilling tool is lifted to the outside of a hole to unload soil, and the drilling tool is periodically operated in a circulating mode until holes are formed; at present, most of rotary drilling drills adopt a single drill bit stone breaking mode to drill, and commonly used drill bits comprise a bucket tooth drill bit, a cutting pick drill bit and a roller bit.
However, all the drill bits of the rotary drilling rig can not drill threaded holes in rock at present. When the dry ice cracking rock breaking technology is applied to tunnel face tunneling construction, because the rock is hard and the hole must be drilled transversely, the hole sealing work is difficult due to insufficient drilling length, and the hole punching phenomenon occurs sometimes, so that great threat is caused to the safety of people and objects in the tunnel.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a rock threaded hole drilling bit of a rotary drilling rig, which can be used for drilling a rock hole with threads.
Meanwhile, the invention provides a using method of the rock threaded hole drilling bit of the rotary drilling rig.
Meanwhile, the invention provides a rock threaded hole drilling bit of the rotary drilling rig for sealing broken rocks and holes in a tunnel by dry ice cracking, and CO2The method is applied to gas explosion hole sealing, coal mine drilling gas detection hole sealing and water detection drilling hole sealing.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a rock threaded hole drilling bit of a rotary drilling rig comprises a drilling barrel, wherein a connecting part used for being connected with a drilling machine is arranged at the top end of the drilling barrel, spiral sheets are arranged on the outer wall of the drilling barrel, an annular cutter head is arranged at the bottom end of the drilling barrel, a rock breaking part is arranged at the bottom end of the annular cutter head, a first groove used for accommodating a built-in radial cutter is arranged on the side wall of the annular cutter head, and a cover plate is movably covered on the first groove;
the built-in radial cutter is a movable hob which comprises a base fixed on the bottom surface of the first groove, a second groove in a two-stage step shape is formed in the top surface of the base, the bottom end of the inner movable shaft is located in the second groove, and a stop block used for preventing the inner movable shaft from popping out of the second groove is arranged on the bottom surface of the inner movable shaft; the top end of the inner movable shaft is connected with a lead injection shaft, and an elastic element is arranged outside the inner movable shaft between the top surface of the base and the bottom surface of the lead injection shaft; an outer cutter wheel and an inner cutter wheel are arranged on the lead injection shaft, and a tray with the upper surface matched with the outer cutter wheel is arranged in the first groove.
The inner movable shaft and the lead injection shaft are of an integrated structure.
The elastic element comprises a spring.
The cover plate comprises a stainless steel sheet and is connected with the first groove through a bolt; the rock breaking part comprises a bucket tooth, a cutting tooth or a cone.
The elastic coefficient determination formula of the spring is as follows:
wherein k is the elastic coefficient of the spring, n is the bit rotation speed, r0The original length of the spring under the condition of no stress is shown, and r is the length of the spring when the rotating speed is n.
When the elastic coefficient of the spring is determined, the ultimate stretching length r of the spring is determinedmaxOriginal length r0It can be seen that the maximum spring force of the spring is Fmax＝k(rmax-r0) And the ultimate spring force of the spring is FJ＝Fmax0.8; the weight selection method of the lead injection shaft is that k is more than or equal to 5m pi2nmax 2Wherein k is the elastic coefficient of the spring, nmaxThe maximum rotational speed of the drill bit.
The lead injection shaft is a cylinder, the surface of the lead injection shaft is made of manganese-iron alloy, and lead is injected into the lead injection shaft.
The inner cutter wheel comprises a connecting ring fixedly coated on the outer surface of the lead injection shaft, the outer surface of the connecting ring is integrally connected with a plurality of cutter bodies, the free ends of the cutter bodies are integrally connected with cutting edges, and all the cutter bodies and the cutting edges form a saw-toothed shape; the cutting edge) is made of tungsten carbide alloy containing 5-10% of cobalt, and the hardness HRA is 90.0-90.6; the surfaces of the cutter body and the cutting edge are provided with a plurality of 60-degree oblique angle lines.
A use method of a rock threaded hole drilling bit of a rotary drilling rig comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: connecting the connecting part of the drill bit with a drilling machine, opening a rotary switch of the drilling machine, checking whether the drill bit is loosened or has poor contact, and marking the point needing to be drilled;
step two: selecting a bucket tooth drill bit or a roller bit according to the hardness degree of the rock, and drilling at the marked point horizontally or at any angle;
step three: after the drill bit drills to the required depth, a rotary switch of the drilling machine is closed, the drill bit is directly withdrawn, the stainless steel sheet is taken down, and then the rotary switch of the drilling machine is turned on for debugging;
step four: the drill bit is extended into the drill hole to a fixed length, a rotary switch of the drill is turned on, the set rotating speed is more than 600r/min, the movable hob radially processes threads under the action of centrifugal force, and the rotation is stopped after the processing is finished;
step five: then processing threads at the next fixed value, sequentially extending into the fixed value until reaching the required position, and stopping rotating after finishing;
step six: and withdrawing the drill bit, reinstalling the stainless steel sheet, and drilling the next hole.
Rock threaded hole drilling bit of rotary drilling rig for rock breaking and hole sealing in tunnel dry ice cracking and CO sealing2The method is applied to gas explosion hole sealing, coal mine drilling gas detection hole sealing and water detection drilling hole sealing.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a rock threaded hole drilling bit of a rotary drilling rig and a use method and application thereof.A circular cutter head is provided with two symmetrical rock breaking parts, and when drilling the rock, firstly, only bucket teeth on the circular cutter head are used for drilling the rockAnd (3) drilling, stopping drilling when the preset depth is reached, taking down the stainless steel sheet, rotating the drill bit from top to bottom at a high speed at intervals to enable the built-in radial cutter to cut the inner wall of the drilled hole under the action of centrifugal force, increasing the diameter of the drilled hole, stopping the rotation of the drill bit, retracting the built-in radial cutter under the action of spring elasticity, and extending to the next position needing reaming. The drill hole can realize drilling of a threaded drill hole in rock and is suitable for dry ice fracturing and traditional CO2The drilling work of gas explosion, the drilling that has the screw thread can realize better hole sealing after adding the hole sealing agent, can effectual reduction punching phenomenon's emergence, guarantees the safety of dry ice induced fracture rock-breaking work.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of the construction of the drill bit of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a bottom view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a view showing the construction of the drill bit in the boring state according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a view showing the construction of a drill bit for rotary construction of thread drilling according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the construction of the internal radial cutter of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a base in the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of an inner cutter wheel according to the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of 60 ° bevel patterns of the surfaces of the cutter body and the cutting edge in the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following describes a rock threaded hole drilling bit of a rotary drilling rig, a using method thereof and application thereof in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1 and 2, a rock threaded hole drilling bit of a rotary drilling rig comprises a connecting part 1, a spiral piece 2, a drilling barrel 3, a built-in radial cutter 4, an annular cutter head 5, a rock breaking part 6 and a hollow cavity 17; the top end of the drill barrel 3 is provided with a connecting part 1 used for being connected with a drilling machine, the outer wall of the drill barrel 3 is provided with a spiral sheet 2, the inside of the drill barrel 3 is a hollow cavity 17, the bottom end of the drill barrel 3 is provided with an annular cutter head 5, the bottom end of the annular cutter head 5 is provided with a rock breaking part 6, and the rock breaking part 6 comprises a bucket tooth, a cutting tooth or a cone; the side wall of the annular cutter head 5 is provided with a first groove for accommodating the built-in radial cutter 4, and the first groove is movably covered with a cover plate 18.
Connecting portion 1 is used for connecting drill bit and rig and transmission, flight 2 can reduce the resistance of digging soon the drill bit tunnelling, bore a section of thick bamboo 3 and well cavity 17 and can hold the rock core, built-in radial cutter 4 is used for the construction screw thread, annular blade disc 5 is used for bearing broken rock portion 6 with hold built-in radial cutter 4, its thickness is 10mm than bore a section of thick bamboo 3 thickness, broken rock portion 6 is used for processing drilling, and it can send and split the rock mass and tunnel in the rock mass.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the drill is divided into two forms, fig. 3 shows that the built-in radial cutter 4 of the drill in a tunneling state is blocked by a stainless steel sheet (i.e., a cover plate 18), and fig. 4 shows that the built-in radial cutter 4 of the drill is opened when the drill is rotated to perform thread drilling, so that the stainless steel sheet needs to be opened; a plurality of wedge-shaped supporting plates 19 are arranged between the connecting part 1 and the top surface of the drill barrel 3.
As shown in fig. 5, the built-in radial cutter 4 is a movable hob and includes an outer cutter wheel 11, a limiting wall 20, an inner cutter wheel 12, a lead injection shaft 9, an inner movable shaft 21, an elastic element 10 and a tray 13, the outer cutter wheel 11 is used for radially breaking rock, and the outer cutter wheel 11 is made of silicon steel alloy and has high strength and good toughness; the limiting wall 20 is used for limiting the displacement of the movable hob and preventing the movable hob from shaking left and right, and the limiting wall 20 is the inner wall of the first groove; the inner cutter wheel 12 is used for radial hole expansion, the lead injection shaft 9 can be used for fixing the inner movable shaft 21 and the movable hob body (namely the outer cutter wheel 11 and the inner cutter wheel 12), the center of gravity can also be arranged at the upper part, the inner movable shaft 21 can limit the radial displacement of the movable hob, and the elastic element 10 can enable the movable hob to return after the drill stops rotating. The elastic element 10 is preferably a spring.
Specifically, the movable hob comprises a base 7 fixed on the bottom surface of the first groove, a second groove in a two-stage step shape is formed in the top surface of the base 7, the bottom end of the inner movable shaft 21 is located in the second groove, and a stop 8 for preventing the inner movable shaft 21 from popping out of the second groove is arranged on the bottom surface of the inner movable shaft 21; the top end of the inner movable shaft 21 is connected with a lead injection shaft 9, and an elastic element 10 is arranged outside the inner movable shaft 21 between the top surface of the base 7 and the bottom surface of the lead injection shaft 9; an outer cutter wheel 11 and an inner cutter wheel 12 are arranged on the lead injection shaft 9, and a tray 13 with the upper surface matched with the outer cutter (11) is arranged in the first groove.
As shown in figure 6, the spring, the lead injection shaft 9 and the base 7 are welded by argon arc welding 22, the stop block 8 is welded at the bottom of the inner movable shaft 21, the inner movable shaft 21 can be prevented from popping out, and the inner movable shaft 21 and the lead injection shaft 9 are of an integrated structure.
During the thread machining, the drill rotates at high speed to generate centrifugal force Fn＝4π2Mn2d where M is the weight of the movable hob, n is the rotational speed of the drill bit, d is the distance from the movable hob to the center of the end of the drill bit, provided M, n is large enough, FnGreater than the force F required for rock breakingkIn time, the rock can be fractured and the thread machined.
Preferably, the bucket teeth are suitable for tunneling medium-hard and soft rocks, when the hardness of the rocks is high, the bucket teeth are difficult to crush the rocks, the bucket teeth can be replaced by gear wheels, and effective drilling can be realized;
the elastic coefficient determination formula of the spring is as follows:
wherein k is the elastic coefficient of the spring, n is the bit rotation speed, r0The original length of the spring under the condition of no stress is shown, and r is the length of the spring when the rotating speed is n.
The lead injection shaft is mainly selected by considering the elastic coefficient constraint condition of the spring, and the limit load of the spring is important for the realization and the working safety of the device. When the elastic coefficient of the spring is determined, the ultimate stretching length r of the spring is determinedmaxOriginal length r0It can be seen that the maximum spring force of the spring is Fmax＝k(rmax-r0) And the ultimate spring force of the spring is FJ＝Fmax0.8; weight selection method of the lead injection shaft 9K is not less than 5m pi2nmax 2Wherein k is the elastic coefficient of the spring, nmaxThe maximum rotational speed of the drill bit.
The lead injection shaft 9 is a cylinder, the surface of the lead injection shaft 9 is made of ferromanganese, and lead is injected into the lead injection shaft 9.
As shown in fig. 7, the inner cutter wheel 12 is composed of four parts, namely a cutting edge 16, a cutter body 15, a connecting ring 14 and a lead injection shaft 9, the cutting edge 16 part is made of a tungsten carbide alloy containing 5% -10% of cobalt, the hardness is HRA90.0-90.6, the tungsten carbide alloy can bear impact well, the lower cobalt content can enable the cutting edge to have better wear resistance, the cutter body 15 is made of tungsten carbide, and the connecting ring 14 can realize connection between the lead injection shaft 9 and the cutter body 15.
Specifically, the inner cutter wheel 12 comprises a connecting ring 14 fixedly wrapped on the outer surface of the lead injection shaft 9, the outer surface of the connecting ring 14 is integrally connected with a plurality of cutter bodies 15, the free ends of the cutter bodies 15 are integrally connected with cutting edges 16, all the cutter bodies 15 and the cutting edges 16 form a saw-toothed shape, and the number of the cutter bodies 15 is preferably 3.
As shown in fig. 8, the surfaces of the cutter body 15 and the cutting edge 16 are provided with 60-degree oblique lines, which is beneficial to increase friction force, improve rock breaking efficiency and is beneficial to slotting.
Example 2:
a use method of a rock threaded hole drilling bit of a rotary drilling rig comprises the following steps:
s1, connecting the connecting part 1 of the drill bit with a drilling machine, opening a rotary switch of the drilling machine, checking whether the drill bit is loosened or has poor contact, and marking the point needing to be drilled;
s2, selecting an bucket tooth drill bit or a roller bit according to the hardness degree of the rock, setting the rotating speed to be 26r/min at the marked point in the horizontal direction or any angle,
s3, when the drill reaches the required depth, the rotary switch is closed, the drill bit can be directly withdrawn, the stainless steel sheet is taken down, the rotary switch is turned on for debugging,
s4, the drill bit is inserted into the position with the length of 10cm in the drill hole, the rotary switch is turned on, the set rotating speed is 600r/min, the movable hob processes a thread with the length of 4cm and the footage of 3cm in the radial direction under the action of centrifugal force, the rotation is stopped after the processing is finished,
s5, processing threads downwards 10cm, sequentially extending into 10cm until reaching the required position, stopping rotating after completion,
and S6, withdrawing the drill bit, reinstalling the stainless steel sheet, and drilling the next hole.
Example 3:
the application of a rock threaded hole drilling bit of a rotary drilling rig in dry ice cracking rock breaking and hole sealing of a tunnel, CO2 gas explosion hole sealing, gas measurement and hole sealing of coal mine drilling and water measurement drilling and hole sealing is provided.
Due to the requirement of tunnel construction, the drilling direction must be parallel or nearly parallel to the tunneling direction, the drilling length needs to be less than 1.5m, and the drilling length is less than 1m at the inner wall, so that the frictional resistance between the hole sealing material and the drilling wall can be greatly increased by drilling the threaded drilling hole, the hole sealing can be better realized, and the occurrence of the punching phenomenon can be effectively reduced.
The threaded drilling technology can be applied to tunnel dry ice cracking rock breaking technology and traditional CO2The gas explosion technology, the coal mine drilling gas measurement and sealing hole, the water measurement drilling hole sealing hole and other hole sealing technical fields have wide application.
Example 4:
zhejiang tunglu county stone pillar mountain tunnel is the high-speed partly of Xuan Tong, and tunnel construction total length is about 200 meters, and the rock matter is high strength tuff, and intensity is close to 100MPa, because east tunnel construction is only about 100m apart from the civilian house, and uses the explosive to need build the explosive temporary storage storehouse specially, and the construction cost is high, and influences greatly to peripheral resident's normal life, so is not suitable for using the explosive to break the rock.
The dry ice cracking rock breaking technology has many advantages, firstly, the energy gathering agent of the dry ice cracking cylinder has no explosion danger, is not controlled and convenient to transport and use, and the dry ice powder with the granularity of 2mm is used, so that high-pressure liquid CO is avoided2The explosion danger is easy to occur in the transportation and filling process, and the vibration of the dry ice cracking rock breaking is far less than that of the blastingThe medicine has small disturbance to surrounding rock mass and civil houses.
Compared with the hole sealing process of the dry ice fracturing rock in a common construction site, the hole sealing process of the dry ice fracturing rock in the tunnel is difficult to meet the hole sealing requirement, and the main reasons are as follows; the hole is sealed along the horizontal direction, and the used hole sealing material is difficult to pour; the hole sealing length is short, and the hole sealing length of only 0.7m is left after the hole with the length of 1.2m is drilled and the dry ice fracturing pipe with the length of 0.5m is removed; rock strength is high, detonates the high pressure gas that produces and can follow weak department outstanding, and rock strength is high can make the hole sealing position become relative weak department. The punching phenomenon is caused by the reasons, and great hidden danger is caused to the safety of people and objects on a construction site.
In view of this, the friction force of the hole sealing section needs to be increased, and considering that the drilled hole processed by the conventional drilling technology is very smooth, the selection of quick-drying cement as the hole sealing material is difficult to provide sufficient hole sealing strength, and punching is easy to occur. Therefore, the adoption of the threaded hole drilling and sealing process becomes the preferred anti-punching method.
The implementation scheme is as follows:
firstly, selecting a detonation point, marking the detonation point with red paint, installing and debugging a rock threaded hole drilling bit of the rotary drilling rig, and confirming that all indexes of the drilling bit are normal;
secondly, setting the rotating speed to be 60r/min, breaking rock and drilling to a position with the length of 1.2m through a gear wheel at the front end of a drill bit of the rotary drilling rig, closing a switch after the rock breaking and drilling are finished, and stopping the rotation of the drill bit;
thirdly, taking out the stainless steel sheet, checking the state of the drilling machine, debugging and seeing whether the movable hob returns or not after the rotation is stopped;
fourthly, the drill bit is stretched into a position 10cm away from the drill hole, the drill is started, the rotating speed is set to be 600r/min, the rotating speed is kept for 3 minutes, threads with the width of 4cm and the depth of 3cm are machined, and the rotary hob is stopped to return after the threads are machined;
fifthly, after one-time thread construction is finished, the workpiece is stretched into 10cm, the process of the fourth step is repeated, the operation is sequentially carried out until the workpiece is machined to 70cm, and 5 threads are machined;
and sixthly, putting the dry ice cracking cylinder, sealing holes by using quick-dry cement, tamping the wrapped cement into the drilled hole by using a wood rod with a rubber head, waiting for 30 minutes, and detonating the dry ice cracking cylinder after the quick-dry cement is solidified to finish rock breaking.
Description of the drawings: in actual construction, all drilling operations can be completed by the drilling machine and then thread machining operations can be performed, or two drilling machines can work simultaneously, one drilling machine drills holes and one drilling machine machines threads, so that the rock breaking efficiency can be greatly improved.
Example 5:
this example differs from example 2 only in that:
and S4, stretching the drill bit into the position with the length of 15cm in the drill hole, turning on a rotary switch, and setting the rotating speed to be 800 r/min.
And S5, processing threads at the position of 15cm downwards, sequentially extending into the position of 15cm till reaching the required position, and stopping rotating after the completion.
In the description provided herein, numerous specific details are set forth. It is understood, however, that embodiments of the invention may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known methods, structures and techniques have not been shown in detail in order not to obscure an understanding of this description.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Similarly, it should be appreciated that in the foregoing description of exemplary embodiments of the invention, various features of the invention are sometimes grouped together in a single embodiment, figure, or description thereof for the purpose of streamlining the disclosure and aiding in the understanding of one or more of the various inventive aspects. However, the disclosed method should not be interpreted as reflecting an intention that: that the invention as claimed requires more features than are expressly recited in each claim. Rather, as the following claims reflect, inventive aspects lie in less than all features of a single foregoing disclosed embodiment. Thus, the claims following the detailed description are hereby expressly incorporated into this detailed description, with each claim standing on its own as a separate embodiment of this invention.
As used herein, unless otherwise specified the use of the ordinal adjectives "first", "second", "third", etc., to describe a common object, merely indicate that different instances of like objects are being referred to, and are not intended to imply that the objects so described must be in a given sequence, either temporally, spatially, in ranking, or in any other manner.
While the invention has been described with respect to a limited number of embodiments, those skilled in the art, having benefit of this description, will appreciate that other embodiments can be devised which do not depart from the scope of the invention as described herein. Furthermore, it should be noted that the language used in the specification has been principally selected for readability and instructional purposes, and may not have been selected to delineate or circumscribe the inventive subject matter. Accordingly, many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the appended claims. The present invention has been disclosed in an illustrative rather than a restrictive sense, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it should be noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The rock threaded hole drilling bit of the rotary drilling rig is characterized by comprising a drilling barrel (3), wherein a connecting part (1) used for being connected with a drilling machine is arranged at the top end of the drilling barrel (3), a spiral sheet (2) is arranged on the outer wall of the drilling barrel (3), an annular cutter head (5) is arranged at the bottom end of the drilling barrel (3), a rock breaking part (6) is arranged at the bottom end of the annular cutter head (5), a first groove used for accommodating a built-in radial cutter (4) is formed in the side wall of the annular cutter head (5), and a cover plate (18) is movably covered on the first groove;
the built-in radial cutter (4) is a movable hob, the movable hob comprises a base (7) fixed on the bottom surface of the first groove, a second groove in a two-stage step shape is formed in the top surface of the base (7), the bottom end of the inner movable shaft (21) is located in the second groove, and a stop block (8) used for preventing the inner movable shaft (21) from popping out of the second groove is arranged on the bottom surface of the inner movable shaft (21); the top end of the inner movable shaft (21) is connected with a lead injection shaft (9), and an elastic element (10) is arranged outside the inner movable shaft (21) between the top surface of the base (7) and the bottom surface of the lead injection shaft (9); an outer cutter wheel (11) and an inner cutter wheel (12) are arranged on the lead injection shaft (9), and a tray (13) with the upper surface matched with the outer cutter wheel (11) is arranged in the first groove.
2. The rock threaded hole drilling bit of the rotary drilling rig according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner movable shaft (7) and the lead injection shaft (9) are of an integrated structure.
3. The rock thread hole drilling bit of the rotary drilling rig according to claim 1, characterized in that the elastic element (10) comprises a spring.
4. The rock threaded hole drilling bit of the rotary drilling rig according to claim 1, characterized in that the cover plate (18) comprises a stainless steel sheet, and the cover plate (18) is connected with the first groove through a bolt; the rock breaking part (6) comprises a bucket tooth, a cutting tooth or a cone.
5. The rock threaded hole drilling bit of the rotary drilling rig according to claim 3, wherein the elastic coefficient determination formula of the spring is as follows:
wherein k is the elastic coefficient of the spring, n is the bit rotation speed, r0To be bounced without being stressedThe original length of the spring, r is the length of the spring when the rotating speed is n.
6. The rock threaded hole drilling bit of the rotary drilling rig as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that after the elastic coefficient of the spring is determined, the ultimate stretching length r of the spring is determinedmaxOriginal length r0It can be seen that the maximum spring force of the spring is Fmax＝k(rmax-r0) And the ultimate spring force of the spring is FJ＝Fmax0.8; the weight selection method of the lead injection shaft (9) is that k is more than or equal to 5m pi2nmax 2Wherein k is the elastic coefficient of the spring, nmaxThe maximum rotational speed of the drill bit.
7. The rock threaded hole drilling bit of the rotary drilling rig according to claim 1, characterized in that the lead injection shaft (9) is a cylinder, the surface of the lead injection shaft (9) is ferromanganese, and lead is injected into the lead injection shaft (9).
8. The rock threaded hole drilling bit of the rotary drilling rig according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner cutter wheel (12) comprises a connecting ring (14) fixedly wrapped on the outer surface of the lead injection shaft (9), a plurality of cutter bodies (15) are integrally connected to the outer surface of the connecting ring (14), a cutting edge (16) is integrally connected to the free end of each cutter body (15), and all the cutter bodies (15) and the cutting edge (16) form a saw-tooth shape; the cutting edge (16) is made of tungsten carbide alloy containing 5-10% of cobalt and has the hardness HRA of 90.0-90.6; the surfaces of the cutter body (15) and the cutting edge (16) are provided with a plurality of 60-degree bevel lines.
9. The use method of the rock threaded hole drilling bit of the rotary drilling rig according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: connecting the connecting part (1) of the drill bit with a drilling machine, opening a rotary switch of the drilling machine, checking whether the drill bit is loosened or has poor contact, and marking a point needing to drill;
step two: selecting a bucket tooth drill bit or a roller bit according to the hardness degree of the rock, and drilling at the marked point horizontally or at any angle;
step three: after the drill bit drills to the required depth, a rotary switch of the drilling machine is closed, the drill bit is directly withdrawn, the stainless steel sheet is taken down, and then the rotary switch of the drilling machine is turned on for debugging;
step four: the drill bit is extended into the drill hole to a fixed length, a rotary switch of the drill is turned on, the set rotating speed is more than 600r/min, the movable hob radially processes threads under the action of centrifugal force, and the rotation is stopped after the processing is finished;
step five: then processing threads at the next fixed value, sequentially extending into the fixed value until reaching the required position, and stopping rotating after finishing;
step six: and withdrawing the drill bit, reinstalling the stainless steel sheet, and drilling the next hole.
10. The rock threaded hole drilling bit of the rotary drilling rig according to any one of claims 1 to 8, used for rock breaking and hole sealing in dry ice cracking of tunnel and CO sealing2The method is applied to gas explosion hole sealing, coal mine drilling gas detection hole sealing and water detection drilling hole sealing.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011443800.2A CN112483006B (en) | 2020-12-08 | 2020-12-08 | Rock threaded hole drilling bit of rotary drilling rig, and use method and application thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011443800.2A CN112483006B (en) | 2020-12-08 | 2020-12-08 | Rock threaded hole drilling bit of rotary drilling rig, and use method and application thereof |
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| CN112483006A true CN112483006A (en) | 2021-03-12 |
| CN112483006B CN112483006B (en) | 2024-05-17 |
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| CN113373925A (en) * | 2021-06-02 | 2021-09-10 | 中交一公局第一工程有限公司 | Method and device for installing steel sheet pile in sandstone stratum by rotary drilling rig |
| CN114320168A (en) * | 2022-01-19 | 2022-04-12 | 四川中安嘉盛石油科技有限公司 | Special rotary guide drill bit for superhard stratum |
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| CN213807571U (en) * | 2020-12-08 | 2021-07-27 | 中国矿业大学 | Rock threaded hole drilling bit of rotary drilling rig |
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| US20140326515A1 (en) * | 2011-12-05 | 2014-11-06 | Smith International, Inc. | Rotating cutting elements for pdc bits |
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| CN113373925A (en) * | 2021-06-02 | 2021-09-10 | 中交一公局第一工程有限公司 | Method and device for installing steel sheet pile in sandstone stratum by rotary drilling rig |
| CN114320168A (en) * | 2022-01-19 | 2022-04-12 | 四川中安嘉盛石油科技有限公司 | Special rotary guide drill bit for superhard stratum |
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|---|---|
| CN112483006B (en) | 2024-05-17 |
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