CN112480461B - Preparation method and application of modified foaming polyurethane - Google Patents
Preparation method and application of modified foaming polyurethane Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/009—Use of pretreated compounding ingredients
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/28—Anaerobic digestion processes
- C02F3/2806—Anaerobic processes using solid supports for microorganisms
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/30—Low-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/32—Polyhydroxy compounds; Polyamines; Hydroxyamines
- C08G18/3225—Polyamines
- C08G18/3237—Polyamines aromatic
- C08G18/3243—Polyamines aromatic containing two or more aromatic rings
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
- C02F2101/163—Nitrates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
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- C08J2375/00—Characterised by the use of polyureas or polyurethanes; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2375/04—Polyurethanes
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/02—Elements
- C08K3/04—Carbon
- C08K3/041—Carbon nanotubes
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment, and particularly relates to a preparation method and application of modified foaming polyurethane.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment, and relates to a preparation method and application of modified foaming polyurethane.
Background
Azo dyes, nitrates have become one of the important sources of pollution for water pollution. Three main degradation methods, namely a chemical method, a physical method and a microbiological method, have been researched and developed, wherein the microbiological method has the best application prospect. The redox mediator mainly containing anthraquinone compounds has better promotion effect on degrading azo dyes and nitrates by anaerobic microorganisms, and can promote degradation rate by 1 to several orders of magnitude. There is still a need for more research to improve the practical application.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a preparation method of modified foaming polyurethane.
The invention also aims to provide an application of the modified foaming polyurethane, which has a better effect on the sewage treatment containing azo dye and nitrate.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a preparation method of modified foaming polyurethane comprises the following steps,
s1, dispersing carboxylated carbon nanotubes in an organic solvent, adding a carboxyl activating agent and an amino anthraquinone-containing compound, heating to 50-100 ℃ for reaction for 8-48 hours, adding polyamine, and continuing to react for 1-24 hours to obtain modified carbon nanotubes;
s2, adding the modified carbon nano tube obtained in the step S1 into the foamed polyurethane according to 0.05-5% of the total weight of all raw materials of the foamed polyurethane in the foamed polyurethane preparation process, and preparing and obtaining the modified foamed polyurethane.
In the technical scheme of the invention, the organic solvent is selected from the types which do not participate in the reaction, including but not limited to tetrahydrofuran, acetone, butyl acetate, ethyl acetate, 1, 4-dioxane, methyl ethyl ketone, cyclohexanone, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether and propylene glycol dimethyl ether.
In the technical scheme of the invention, the preparation process of the foaming polyurethane is a method disclosed in the prior art, and the raw materials comprise isocyanate, polyalcohol and/or polyamine, foaming agent and the like.
In the technical scheme of the invention, the modified carbon nano tube obtained in the step S1 is added to participate in the reaction with isocyanate, and can be added into a reaction system before the foaming agent is added, or can be added into the reaction system simultaneously with the foaming agent.
Preferably, the carboxyl activating agent in the step S1 is at least one selected from the group consisting of N, N '-Dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC), N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS), 4-Dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP), N' -Diisopropylcarbodiimide (DIC), N-hydroxysulfosuccinimide (sulfoo-NHS) and 1- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) -3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC), and the weight of the carboxyl activating agent is 10-50% of the weight of the carboxylated carbon nanotubes.
Preferably, the amino anthraquinone-containing compound in step S1 is at least one selected from the group consisting of 1-amino-2-bromo-4-hydroxyanthraquinone, 2-aminoanthraquinone, 1, 2-diaminoanthraquinone, 1, 4-diaminoanthraquinone, 2, 6-diaminoanthraquinone, 1, 8-diaminoanthraquinone, 1, 5-diaminoanthraquinone, 1-amino-2-methylanthraquinone, 1, 5-dihydroxy-4, 8-diaminoanthraquinone and 1-aminoanthraquinone.
Preferably, the polyamine molecule in step S1 contains at least 2 primary amino groups.
More preferably, the polyamine is selected from at least one of ethylenediamine, 1, 2-propylenediamine, 1, 3-propylenediamine, divinylbenzene triamine, triethylenetetramine, tetraethylenepentamine, pentaethylenehexamine, hexavinylheptamine, 1, 4-butanediamine, 1, 5-pentylenediamine and 1, 6-hexamethylenediamine.
Preferably, the ratio of the number of moles of carboxyl groups in the carboxylated carbon nanotubes to the sum of the number of moles of primary amines in the aminoanthraquinone-containing compound and the number of moles of primary amines in the polyamine in step S1 is 1 (0.8 to 1).
Preferably, the ratio of the number of moles of primary amine in the aminoanthraquinone-containing compound to the number of moles of primary amine in the polyamine in step S1 is (1 to 9): 9 to 1.
Preferably, in the step S2, the modified carbon nano tube obtained in the step S1 is added according to 0.2-2% of the total weight of all the raw materials of the foaming polyurethane.
A modified expanded polyurethane produced by the production method according to any one of the above embodiments.
The use of the modified expanded polyurethane according to the above embodiment for treating sewage, especially sewage containing azo dyes and nitrate.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
(1) According to the invention, an amidation reaction of carboxyl and amino is adopted, and an amino-containing anthraquinone compound and polyamine are respectively grafted to the surface of a carbon nano tube, so that the modified carbon nano tube with anthraquinone and primary amino is obtained.
(2) According to the invention, the modified carbon nano tube is added in the preparation process of the foaming polyurethane, primary amino groups on the carbon nano tube react with isocyanate to participate in the condensation reaction of the polyurethane, so that the carbon nano tube is grafted to the side chain of polyurethane polymer, anthraquinone and the carbon nano tube can be stably dispersed in the polyurethane film, and the degradation effect of anaerobic microorganisms on azo dyes and nitrate can be better promoted and promoted in a synergistic manner.
(3) The foaming polyurethane has larger specific surface area due to the existence of the foam cells, so that the contact area of anthraquinone and sewage is increased, and the foaming polyurethane has better effect of promoting anaerobic microorganisms to degrade azo dyes and nitrate.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further illustrated and described through the following specific embodiments.
The parts are by weight in the examples below, unless otherwise indicated.
Examples 1 to 4 preparation of modified carbon nanotubes
Example 1
Selecting raw materials, namely a carboxyl activating agent DCC and NHS, wherein the weight of the DCC is 10% of that of the carboxylated carbon nano-tube, and the weight of the NHS is 10% of that of the carboxylated carbon nano-tube; the amino anthraquinone-containing compound is 1-amino anthraquinone, and the molar ratio of the amino anthraquinone-containing compound to carboxyl of the carboxylated carbon nano tube is 0.5:1; the polyamine is triethylene tetramine, and the molar ratio of the polyamine to carboxyl of the carboxylated carbon nano tube is 0.6:1;
dispersing 1 part of carboxylated carbon nano tube in 500 parts of tetrahydrofuran, adding NHS, DCC and 1-aminoanthraquinone, heating to a reaction system for micro reflux reaction for 20 hours, adding triethylene tetramine, continuing the reaction for 8 hours, filtering out solids, cleaning, and drying to obtain the modified carbon nano tube 1.
Example 2
Selecting raw materials, namely a carboxyl activating agent EDC and DMAP, wherein the weight of EDC is 20 percent of that of the carboxylated carbon nano-tube, and the weight of DMAP is 15 percent of that of the carboxylated carbon nano-tube; the amino anthraquinone-containing compound is 2-amino anthraquinone, and the molar ratio of the amino anthraquinone-containing compound to carboxyl of the carboxylated carbon nano tube is 0.6:1; the polyamine is tetravinyl pentamine, and the molar ratio of the tetravinyl pentamine to carboxyl of the carboxylated carbon nano tube is 0.5:1;
dispersing 1 part of carboxylated carbon nano tube in 500 parts of butyl acetate, adding EDC, DMAP and 2-aminoanthraquinone, heating to 70 ℃ to react for 15 hours, adding tetraethylenepentamine, continuing to react for 12 hours, filtering out solid, cleaning, and drying to obtain the modified carbon nano tube 2.
Example 3
Selecting raw materials, namely a carboxyl activating agent DCC and NHS, wherein the weight of the DCC is 15% of that of the carboxylated carbon nano-tube, and the weight of the NHS is 15% of that of the carboxylated carbon nano-tube; the amino anthraquinone-containing compound is 1, 4-diaminoanthraquinone, and the molar ratio of the amino anthraquinone-containing compound to carboxyl of the carboxylated carbon nano tube is 0.2:1; the polyamine is 1, 6-hexamethylenediamine, and the molar ratio of carboxyl groups of the carboxylated carbon nano-tubes is 0.7:1;
dispersing 1 part of carboxylated carbon nano tube in 500 parts of tetrahydrofuran, adding NHS, DCC and 1, 4-diaminoanthraquinone, heating to a reaction system for micro-reflux reaction for 14 hours, adding 1, 6-hexamethylenediamine, continuing the reaction for 6 hours, filtering out solids, cleaning and drying to obtain the modified carbon nano tube 3.
Example 4
Selecting raw materials, namely a carboxyl activating agent EDC and NHS, wherein the weight of EDC is 20% of that of the carboxylated carbon nano-tube, and the weight of NHS is 10% of that of the carboxylated carbon nano-tube; the amino anthraquinone-containing compound is 1-amino-2-methylanthraquinone, and the molar ratio of the amino anthraquinone-containing compound to carboxyl of the carboxylated carbon nano tube is 0.8:1; the polyamine is 1, 4-butanediamine, and the molar ratio of carboxyl to carboxyl of the carboxylated carbon nano tube is 0.4:1;
dispersing 1 part of carboxylated carbon nano tube in 500 parts of tetrahydrofuran, adding EDC, NHS and 1-amino-2-methylanthraquinone, heating to a reaction system for micro reflux reaction for 10 hours, adding 1, 4-butanediamine, continuing to react for 14 hours, filtering out solid, cleaning and drying to obtain the modified carbon nano tube 4.
Examples 5 to 10 preparation of modified foaming polyurethane
Example 5
65 parts of polyethylene glycol having an average relative molecular mass of 3500 and 35 parts of 3,3 '-dimethylbiphenyl-4, 4' -diisocyanate were reacted to obtain a prepolymer containing terminal isocyanate groups, and a foaming agent comprising a mixture of 3 parts of water, 3 parts of 1, 6-hexanediol, 1.2 parts of polyether silicone oil, 0.1 part of amine catalyst A1, 12 parts of ethylene glycol adipate polyester glycol having an average relative molecular mass of 1100 and 0.08 part of modified carbon nanotube 1 was added with stirring, and subjected to a foaming reaction at 50 to 60℃and a crosslinking reaction at 120℃for 4 hours to obtain a modified foamed polyurethane denoted as P-1.
Example 6
50 parts of polyether 305, 50 parts of polyether 600, 4 parts of foaming catalyst AM-1, 1 part of foaming catalyst A33, 0.3 part of foaming agent T12, 6 parts of water, 0.7 part of modified carbon nano tube 2 and 3 parts of silicone oil with viscosity (25 ℃) of 25mPa.s are added into a container and stirred uniformly, then 120 parts of polymethylene polyphenyl polyisocyanate PAPI is added and stirred uniformly, the feed liquid is poured into a mould to be cured for 120 minutes at 20-25 ℃ and cured for 3 hours at 30 ℃, and the modified foaming polyurethane which is marked as P-2 is obtained.
Example 7
70 parts of glycol adipate glycol with average relative molecular mass 3500, 10 parts of AEO-10, 1 part of polyether silicone oil, 1.9 parts of pore opening agent KF-28, 5 parts of foaming catalyst AM-1, 2.2 parts of modified carbon nano tube 3 and 2 parts of foaming catalyst A33 are mixed to form a component B.
The component A is polymethylene polyphenyl isocyanate.
The component A and the component B are uniformly mixed according to the weight ratio of 1:1, and foamed at 62 ℃ to obtain modified foamed polyurethane, which is denoted as P-3.
Example 8
40 parts of polyethylene glycol with average relative molecular weight of 4200, 4 parts of water, 0.2 part of dibutyltin dilaurate, 0.6 part of polyether silicone oil surfactant and 4.5 parts of modified carbon nano tube 4 are uniformly mixed, 25 parts of toluene diisocyanate is added, rapid stirring is carried out for 3 seconds, the mixture is poured into a prepared mould, and cured for 3 hours at 20-25 ℃ for 120 minutes and 30 ℃ to obtain modified foaming polyurethane which is marked as P-4.
Example 9
According to the raw materials, 55 parts of 2200 polyethylene glycol with average relative molecular weight, 65 parts of 1500 polycaprolactone dihydric alcohol with average relative molecular weight, 180 parts of toluene diisocyanate, 3 parts of epoxidized soybean oil, 5 parts of propylene glycol, 0.2 part of polysiloxane-alkylene oxide block copolymer, 1 part of water, 1.2 parts of triethyldiamine and 1.5 parts of modified carbon nano tube 1,
mixing polyethylene glycol and polycaprolactone dihydric alcohol, vacuum dehydrating, heating to melt, adding epoxidized soybean oil, propylene glycol, polysiloxane-alkylene oxide block copolymer, triethyldiamine and modified carbon nanotube 1, stirring at 1000r/min for 15min, treating at 0.2Mpa for 5min, adding a foaming agent storage tank, adding water and toluene diisocyanate into a foaming machine respectively, foaming by a high-pressure foaming machine, maintaining the temperature of a mold at 65 ℃, molding, and obtaining foamed polyurethane, which is denoted as P-5.
Example 10
According to the raw materials, 100 parts of 2200 polyethylene glycol with average relative molecular weight, 50 parts of isocyanate TDI,2.5 parts of 1, 4-butanediol, 12 parts of thermal expansion foaming microsphere EHM303,0.3 part of stannous octoate, 3 parts of dibenzoyl peroxide, 2 parts of accelerator M and 0.3 part of modified carbon nano tube 2,
the dried polyethylene glycol, TDI and 1, 4-butanediol are uniformly mixed, reacted for 3 to 6 hours under the catalysis of stannous octoate, added with modified carbon nano tube 2, stirred and reacted for 2 hours, added with thermal expansion foaming microsphere EHM303, dibenzoyl peroxide and accelerator M, uniformly mixed, vulcanized and foamed to obtain foaming polyurethane which is marked as P-6.
Comparative example 1
In example 9, 1.5 parts of modified carbon nanotube 1 was changed to 1.2 parts of carbon nanotube, and the other was unchanged, to obtain foamed polyurethane, which was designated as P-7.
Comparative example 2
1.5 parts of modified carbon nanotube 1 in example 9 was changed to 0.3 part of 1-aminoanthraquinone, and the other was unchanged, to obtain foamed polyurethane, designated as P-8.
Comparative example 3
In example 9, 1.5 parts of modified carbon nanotube 1 was changed to 1.2 parts of carbon nanotube plus 0.3 part of 1-aminoanthraquinone, and the other was unchanged, to obtain foamed polyurethane, which was designated as P-9.
Performance testing
Azo dye degradation acceleration effect test: after 2g of the sample to be measured was washed 3 times with physiological saline, the sample was added to 200ml of 120mg/L direct scarlet 4B containing azo dye degradation strain GYZ (rhodococcus sp.) in logarithmic growth phase for decolorization test, and the change of the concentration of direct scarlet 4B with time was measured. The results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 direct scarlet 4B concentration mg/L over time
Nitrate degradation acceleration effect test: after 2g of the sample to be tested is washed 3 times with normal saline, the sample is added into 200ml of sodium nitrate wastewater containing 150mg/L of denitrifying microorganisms in logarithmic growth phase for testing, and the change of the sodium nitrate concentration along with time is measured. The results are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 time-dependent concentration of nitrate mg/L
Stability test: after 2g of the sample to be measured was washed 3 times with physiological saline, the sample was added to 200ml of direct scarlet 4B containing 120mg/L of azo dye degradation strain GYZ (rhodococcus sp.) in logarithmic growth phase for decolorization test, and the concentration of direct scarlet 4B was measured after 6 hours. And (3) washing and drying the sample to be tested by using clear water and absolute ethyl alcohol, and then carrying out decoloring test by using direct scarlet 4B for 6 hours according to the method, and repeating the test for 12 times. The results are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 direct scarlet 4B concentration mg/L
In conclusion, the modified foaming polyurethane provided by the invention can effectively promote anaerobic microorganisms to degrade azo dyes and nitrate, and has a good application prospect in treatment of sewage containing the azo dyes and the nitrate.
As described above, the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention are shown and described. It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the invention is not limited thereto, i.e. equivalent changes and modifications as defined by the claims and the description herein should be made while remaining within the scope of the invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (9)
1. A preparation method of modified foaming polyurethane is characterized by comprising the following steps of,
s1, dispersing carboxylated carbon nanotubes in an organic solvent, adding a carboxyl activating agent and an amino anthraquinone-containing compound, heating to 50-100 ℃ for reaction for 8-48 hours, adding polyamine, and continuing to react for 1-24 hours to obtain modified carbon nanotubes;
the polyamine contains at least 2 primary amino groups in the molecule;
s2, adding the modified carbon nano tube obtained in the step S1 into the foamed polyurethane according to 0.05-5% of the total weight of all raw materials of the foamed polyurethane in the foamed polyurethane preparation process, and preparing and obtaining the modified foamed polyurethane.
2. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the carboxyl activating agent in the step S1 is at least one selected from the group consisting of N, N '-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide, N-hydroxysuccinimide, 4-dimethylaminopyridine, N' -diisopropylcarbodiimide, N-hydroxysulfosuccinimide and 1- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) -3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride, and the weight of the carboxyl activating agent is 10-50% of the weight of the carboxylated carbon nanotubes.
3. The production method according to claim 1, wherein the amino anthraquinone-containing compound in step S1 is at least one selected from the group consisting of 1-amino-2-bromo-4-hydroxyanthraquinone, 2-aminoanthraquinone, 1, 2-diaminoanthraquinone, 1, 4-diaminoanthraquinone, 2, 6-diaminoanthraquinone, 1, 8-diaminoanthraquinone, 1, 5-diaminoanthraquinone, 1-amino-2-methylanthraquinone, 1, 5-dihydroxy-4, 8-diaminoanthraquinone and 1-aminoanthraquinone.
4. The process according to claim 1, wherein the polyamine is at least one selected from the group consisting of ethylenediamine, 1, 2-propylenediamine, 1, 3-propylenediamine, divinyltriamine, trivinyltetramine, tetravinylpentamine, pentavinylhexamine, hexavinylheptamine, 1, 4-butanediamine, 1, 5-pentylenediamine and 1, 6-hexamethylenediamine.
5. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of the number of moles of carboxyl groups in the carboxylated carbon nanotubes to the sum of the number of moles of primary amines in the aminoanthraquinone-containing compound and the number of moles of primary amines in the polyamine in step S1 is 1 (0.8 to 1).
6. The process according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of the number of moles of primary amine in the aminoanthraquinone-containing compound to the number of moles of primary amine in the polyamine in step S1 is from 1 to 9:9 to 1.
7. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the modified carbon nanotubes obtained in step S1 are added in the amount of 0.2-2% of the total weight of the raw materials of the foamed polyurethane in step S2.
8. A modified expanded polyurethane prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
9. Use of the modified expanded polyurethane according to claim 8 for treating sewage containing azo dye and nitrate.
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