CN112475913B - Coupling clamp for thin-wall box-shaped part and machining method - Google Patents

Coupling clamp for thin-wall box-shaped part and machining method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112475913B
CN112475913B CN202011257837.6A CN202011257837A CN112475913B CN 112475913 B CN112475913 B CN 112475913B CN 202011257837 A CN202011257837 A CN 202011257837A CN 112475913 B CN112475913 B CN 112475913B
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thin
wall
wall symmetrical
positioning
symmetrical
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CN112475913A (en
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刘远荣
周蓉蓉
罗坚
汤俊礼
李又春
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AECC South Industry Co Ltd
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AECC South Industry Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P23/00—Machines or arrangements of machines for performing specified combinations of different metal-working operations not covered by a single other subclass
    • B23P23/04—Machines or arrangements of machines for performing specified combinations of different metal-working operations not covered by a single other subclass for both machining and other metal-working operations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
    • B23H11/00—Auxiliary apparatus or details, not otherwise provided for
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
    • B23H7/00—Processes or apparatus applicable to both electrical discharge machining and electrochemical machining
    • B23H7/02—Wire-cutting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K37/00—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups
    • B23K37/04—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups for holding or positioning work
    • B23K37/0426—Fixtures for other work
    • B23K37/0435—Clamps
    • B23K37/0443—Jigs

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Jigs For Machine Tools (AREA)
  • Butt Welding And Welding Of Specific Article (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a coupling clamp for a thin-wall box-shaped part and a processing method, wherein the coupling clamp comprises a fixing device, a clamping device and a processing device, wherein the fixing device is abutted against the inner wall of the thin-wall symmetrical part and is used for limiting the internal dimension of the thin-wall symmetrical part; at least one pair of positioning blocks which are matched and connected with the periphery of the thin-wall symmetrical part; and the driving parts are respectively connected with the corresponding positioning blocks and are used for driving the corresponding positioning blocks to move towards the direction close to the fixing device so as to form an accommodating space for positioning and clamping the thin-wall symmetrical piece. According to the coupling fixture, the two thin-wall symmetrical pieces are clamped once through the coupling fixture and are machined and welded respectively, the preparation and clamping time of each procedure is saved, the positioning surface and the positioning point during machining of each procedure are consistent, no accumulated error is generated, and the integral machining precision and efficiency of the thin-wall box body are improved.

Description

Coupling clamp for thin-wall box-shaped part and machining method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aeroengine processing, in particular to a coupling clamp for a thin-wall box-shaped part and a processing method.
Background
An air inlet cover of the aero-engine is box-shaped and is formed by welding two symmetrical parts A and B with thin walls (the wall thickness is 1.0 mm). In the conventional processing method, after two symmetrical pieces A, B are bent and formed, allowance guarantee sizes H1 and H2 on straight edges are respectively removed by linear cutting, and then the two symmetrical pieces are fixed and welded by using a welding fixture.
The above method has the following problems: (1) the traditional process needs wire cutting at 4 positions and has long wire moving idle distance; (2) the wire cutting and welding are respectively two different processing procedures, and the positioning surfaces or positioning points in the processing of each procedure are different, so that accumulated errors are generated, and the processing precision of the thin-wall part is influenced; (3) the thin-wall part is small in wall thickness and insufficient in rigidity, clamping states of the wire cutting clamp and the welding clamp are difficult to keep consistent, gaps to be welded between symmetrical parts A, B fixed on the welding clamp are large and uneven, and uneven working conditions reach 1.5-3 mm; (4) the size of the gap between the symmetrical pieces A, B affects the amount of wire fill and heat input during welding. The uneven heat input on the welding line can easily cause the deformation of the processed parts, thereby being difficult to meet the high-precision size requirement, and particularly thin-wall sheet metal parts. How to guarantee the high-precision machining requirement of the thin-wall part is a problem to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a coupling clamp for a thin-wall box-shaped part and a machining method, and aims to solve the technical problems of low machining precision and low machining efficiency of the existing thin-wall box-shaped part.
According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a coupling fixture for thin-wall box-shaped member processing, for installing two thin-wall symmetrical members oppositely arranged, the two thin-wall symmetrical members being processed to form a thin-wall box-shaped body, comprising:
fixing means, abutting against the inner wall of the thin-walled symmetric piece, for defining the inner dimension of the thin-walled symmetric piece;
at least one pair of positioning blocks which are matched and connected with the periphery of the thin-wall symmetrical part;
and the driving parts are respectively connected with the corresponding positioning blocks and are used for driving the corresponding positioning blocks to move towards the direction close to the fixing device so as to form an accommodating space for positioning and clamping the thin-wall symmetrical piece.
Further, two thin-wall symmetrical pieces are oppositely arranged to form a quadrangular thin-wall box-shaped body;
the coupling clamp comprises two pairs of positioning blocks, the positioning blocks are used for clamping four corners of two thin-wall symmetrical pieces respectively, and each positioning block comprises an inner bending surface used for clamping the thin-wall symmetrical pieces and an outer mounting surface connected with the driving part.
Furthermore, a first machining gap is reserved between two adjacent positioning blocks, and the overlapped area of the connection position of the two thin-wall symmetrical pieces is located in the first machining gap.
Furthermore, the side surface of the thin-wall box-shaped body is of a trapezoidal structure, and two positioning blocks positioned on one side of the thin-wall box-shaped body are equal in height;
the coupling clamp further comprises a positioning surface, the fixing device is placed on the positioning surface, and the driving portion drives the corresponding positioning block to move along the positioning surface or in a direction parallel to the positioning surface.
Furthermore, the driving part comprises a handle and a connecting rod mechanism, one end of the connecting rod mechanism is connected with the handle, the other end of the connecting rod mechanism is connected with the positioning block, and the handle drives the corresponding positioning block to do reciprocating motion or lifting motion through the connecting rod mechanism.
Further, link mechanism includes first pivot, second pivot and connecting portion, connecting portion include curb plate and the vertical axle of two relative settings, the both ends of curb plate are rotated through the pivot respectively and are connected, wherein:
one end of the first rotating shaft is fixedly connected with the handle, and the other end of the first rotating shaft is rotatably connected with the adjacent rotating shaft; one end of the vertical shaft is fixedly arranged, and the other end of the vertical shaft is fixedly connected with the first rotating shaft; one end of the second rotating shaft is rotatably connected with the other rotating shaft, and the other end of the second rotating shaft is fixedly connected with the corresponding positioning block.
Furthermore, the fixing device comprises at least one first fixing block arranged on one side of the thin-wall symmetrical part and at least one second fixing block arranged on the other side of the thin-wall symmetrical part, and the distance between the first fixing block and the second fixing block can be adjusted to adapt to the matching size of the two thin-wall symmetrical parts.
Further, the first fixing block or the second fixing block is respectively provided with a second machining gap, the second machining gap is opposite to the first machining gap, and the second machining gap is arranged from bottom to top along the height direction of the first fixing block or the second fixing block.
In a second aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a processing method for a thin-walled box, using the above coupling jig, including:
s101, arranging two thin-wall symmetrical pieces oppositely, and initially positioning the two thin-wall symmetrical pieces by adopting a fixing device;
s102, selecting the wall thickness t according to a preset butt joint gap b of two thin-wall symmetrical parts and the diameter R of a machining cutter 0 Sheet of (1), t 0 R/2-b; the thin sheet is placed in the overlapping area of the two thin-wall symmetrical pieces;
s103, the driving part drives the corresponding positioning block to move towards the direction close to the fixing device until the two thin-wall symmetrical pieces stop moving when the allowable error range delta of the butt joint gap is b +/-0.1;
s104, cutting from the overlapped area at one side of the two thin-wall symmetrical parts to the overlapped area at the other side, wherein the diameter of the machining cutter is R;
s105, removing machining allowance and thin slices of the thin-wall symmetrical piece;
and S106, the driving part drives the corresponding positioning block to completely butt joint the two thin-wall symmetrical pieces to form a thin-wall box-shaped body, and the butt joint gap of the two thin-wall symmetrical pieces reaches a preset butt joint gap.
Further, in the step S102, the machining tool is a molybdenum wire;
the machining method further comprises the step of welding and fixing the butt joint gap of the two thin-wall symmetrical pieces.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the coupling clamp comprises at least one pair of positioning blocks, and the driving parts are respectively connected with the corresponding positioning blocks and used for driving the corresponding positioning blocks to move towards the direction close to the fixing device so as to form accommodating spaces. The thin-wall box-shaped body is placed in the containing space for positioning and clamping. The positioning blocks are respectively clamped with the peripheries of the thin-wall symmetrical pieces in a matched manner; the fixing device is tightly attached to the inner wall of the thin-wall symmetrical part and used for limiting the internal size of the thin-wall symmetrical part, and the phenomenon that the processing precision is influenced because the driving part drives the positioning block to extrude the thin-wall box-shaped body to deform is avoided.
(2) And the two thin-wall symmetrical parts are clamped at one time through a coupling fixture and are respectively machined and welded. The preparation and clamping time of each procedure is saved, the positioning surface and the positioning point are consistent when each procedure is processed, no accumulated error is generated, and the integral processing precision and efficiency of the thin-wall box-shaped body are improved.
According to the processing method, two thin-wall symmetrical pieces are oppositely arranged to form a superposition area at the position 2, and the wire moving distance of the cutter is reduced by half; two processes of wire cutting and welding processing only need one-time clamping, and the positioning surface and the positioning point of each process are consistent, so that accumulated errors are avoided. The consistency of butt welding gaps is high, the wire filling amount and the heat input during welding are consistent, the welding thermal deformation of the thin-wall box-shaped body is avoided, and the processing precision and efficiency of the thin-wall box-shaped body are improved.
In addition, the processing method of the present invention also has the above-described advantages.
In addition to the objects, features and advantages described above, other objects, features and advantages of the present invention are also provided. The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a thin-walled symmetrical part a in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a thin-walled symmetrical part B in a preferred embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a thin-walled box-shaped body in a preferred embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the assembly of the thin-walled symmetrical part and the coupling jig in the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic front view of the assembly of the thin-walled symmetrical part and the coupling jig in the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of fig. 5 in the direction M-M.
Fig. 7 is a schematic flow chart of a machining method for a thin-walled box member in a preferred embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the dimensional relationship between the molybdenum wires, the thin sheets and the thin-walled symmetrical piece in the preferred embodiment of the invention.
Illustration of the drawings:
1. a fixing device; 2. a thin-walled symmetric piece; 3. positioning blocks; 4. a drive section; 5. inward bending; 6. an outer mounting surface; 7. positioning the surface; 8. a handle; 9. a link mechanism; 10. a first fixed block; 11. a second fixed block; 91. a first rotating shaft; 92. a second rotating shaft; 93. a connecting portion; 931. a side plate; 932. a vertical axis; 933. a rotating shaft.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the invention can be embodied in many different forms, which are defined and covered by the following description.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, a preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a coupling fixture for thin-wall box-shaped member machining, which is used for installing two thin-wall symmetrical members 2 arranged oppositely, and the two thin-wall symmetrical members 2 are machined to form a thin-wall box-shaped body, and includes:
the fixing device 1 abuts against the inner wall of the thin-wall symmetrical part 2 and is used for limiting the inner dimension of the thin-wall symmetrical part 2;
at least one pair of positioning blocks 3 which are clamped with the periphery of the thin-wall symmetrical part 2 in a matching way;
and the driving parts 4 are respectively connected with the corresponding positioning blocks 3 and are used for driving the corresponding positioning blocks 3 to move towards the direction close to the fixing device 1 so as to form an accommodating space for positioning and clamping the thin-wall symmetrical piece.
In this embodiment, the thin-walled symmetric member 2 has a thin-walled structure, and the thickness t is 1 mm. The two thin-wall symmetrical parts 2 are two thin-wall symmetrical parts A and thin-wall symmetrical parts B which are oppositely arranged, and the two thin-wall symmetrical parts A and the thin-wall symmetrical parts B are fixed by welding to form a complete thin-wall box-shaped body which is an air inlet cover of an engine.
The overlapped area of the thin-wall symmetrical part A and the thin-wall symmetrical part B has a butt joint gap B, the butt joint gap B influences the wire filling amount and the heat input during welding, the deformation of parts is easily caused by uneven heat input on a welding line, and the high-precision size requirement is difficult to meet, particularly the thin-wall symmetrical part 2 with the wall thickness t equal to 1 mm. According to the standard of China aviation south enterprise Q/2B 366: and when the wall thickness t is less than or equal to 1.5mm, the butt joint gap b is 0-0.3 t. Therefore, for a 1mm thin-walled box-shaped body, the weld butt gap is a criterion: b 0 ≤0.3mm。
In order to ensure the processing precision of the thin-wall symmetrical part A and the thin-wall symmetrical part B, the coupling fixture provided by the preferred embodiment of the invention is adopted, the thin-wall symmetrical part A and the thin-wall symmetrical part B are arranged in the coupling fixture, the overlapped area of the thin-wall symmetrical part A and the thin-wall symmetrical part B is removed through the processing of wire cutting, then the butt joint gap is filled with a welding seam, and the thin-wall symmetrical part A and the thin-wall symmetrical part B are fixed to form a complete thin-wall box-shaped body.
In this embodiment, the thin-wall box-shaped body is a quadrangular thin-wall box-shaped body formed by symmetrically processing a thin-wall symmetrical piece a and a thin-wall symmetrical piece B.
The coupling clamp comprises two pairs of positioning blocks 3, and the driving parts 4 are respectively connected with the corresponding positioning blocks 3 and used for driving the corresponding positioning blocks 3 to move towards the direction close to the fixing device 1 so as to form accommodating spaces. The thin-wall box-shaped body is placed in the containing space for positioning and clamping. The positioning blocks 3 are respectively connected with the peripheries of four opposite angles of the thin-wall symmetrical part 2 in a matching way; the fixing device 1 is tightly attached to the inner wall of the thin-wall symmetrical part 2 and used for limiting the internal size of the thin-wall symmetrical part 2, and the phenomenon that the processing precision is influenced because the driving part 4 drives the positioning block 3 to extrude a thin-wall box-shaped body to deform is avoided.
Preferably, the driving portions 4 corresponding to the positioning blocks 3 are controlled by a control device (not shown) in a unified manner, the control device sends control instructions to the driving portions 4, and the driving portions 4 drive the corresponding positioning blocks 3 to move towards the fixing device 1 at the same time, so that the control precision is improved, and the thin-wall symmetrical part 2 is prevented from being extruded and deformed in the assembling process due to uneven stress of the thin-wall symmetrical part 2.
When the device is installed, the two thin-wall symmetrical pieces 2 are oppositely arranged and placed on the periphery of the fixing device 1. The driving part 4 drives the positioning block 3 to be close to the thin-wall symmetrical part 2 until the inner walls of the thin-wall symmetrical part 2 are respectively clung to the fixing device 1, so that a complete thin-wall box-shaped body is formed. The overlapped area of the two thin-wall symmetrical pieces 2 is positioned between the two adjacent positioning blocks 3 and is used for subsequent machining cutting and welding fixation. A machining gap exists in the overlapped area of the two thin-wall symmetrical pieces 2, and the machining gap is a welding butt joint gap.
The coupling fixture of the preferred embodiment is used for assembling, machining and welding the thin-wall box-shaped piece. The three processes share one coupling clamp, and only one clamping is needed. Compared with the prior art, the preparation and clamping time of each procedure is saved, the positioning surface and the positioning point are consistent when the three procedures are processed, no accumulated error is generated, and the integral processing efficiency and the processing precision of the thin-wall box-shaped body are improved.
It can be understood that in the present solution, the inner walls of the two thin-walled symmetric pieces 2 are limited by the fixing device 1, so as to avoid the deformation of the thin-walled symmetric pieces 2 caused by the excessive extrusion of the positioning block 3. The outer parts of the two thin-wall symmetrical pieces 2 drive the corresponding positioning blocks 3 to move through the driving parts 4 until the inner walls of the two thin-wall symmetrical pieces 2 completely abut against the fixing device 1.
Preferably, the positioning blocks 3 move synchronously, the thin-wall symmetrical pieces 2 are stressed uniformly to form thin-wall box-shaped bodies, and for the thin-wall box-shaped bodies with the wall thickness t equal to 1mm, the welding butt joint gap can ensure b 0 Standard of less than or equal to 0.3 mm.
Further, two thin-wall symmetrical pieces 2 are oppositely arranged to form a quadrangular thin-wall box-shaped body;
the coupling clamp comprises two pairs of positioning blocks 3, the positioning blocks 3 are used for clamping four corners of two thin-wall symmetrical pieces 2 respectively, and the positioning blocks 3 comprise inner curved surfaces 5 used for clamping the thin-wall symmetrical pieces 2 and outer mounting surfaces 6 connected with a driving part 4.
In the scheme, the thin-wall symmetrical parts 2 are oppositely arranged to form a thin-wall box body. The thin-wall box-shaped body is of a quadrangular structure and comprises four corners. The coupling clamp comprises two pairs of positioning blocks 3, and each positioning block 3 is clamped on four corners of the thin-wall symmetrical part 2 respectively. The positioning block 3 comprises an inner bending surface 5 and an outer mounting surface 6, and the inner bending surface 5 is connected with the corners of the thin-wall symmetrical part 2 in a matched mode, so that positioning is facilitated. The outer mounting surface 6 is connected with the driving part 4 and used for driving the positioning block 3 to move towards the direction close to the fixing device 1 and pushing the two thin-wall symmetrical pieces 2 to move relatively and abut against the fixing device 1, and for a thin-wall box-shaped body with the wall thickness t equal to 1mm, the welding butt joint gap can ensure that b is equal to 0 Standard of less than or equal to 0.3 mm.
Further, a first machining gap L1 is reserved between two adjacent positioning blocks 3, and the overlapped area of the connection part of the two thin-wall symmetrical pieces 2 is located in the first machining gap L1.
In this embodiment, the intake cover of the engine has a rectangular casing structure. The overlapping area of the two thin-wall symmetrical pieces 2 is positioned in the width direction of the thin-wall box-shaped body, and the inner wall of the thin-wall box-shaped body along the width direction is abutted against the fixing device 1. Two pairs of positioning blocks 3 are arranged in pairs along the diagonal direction of the rectangular shell. The overlapped area of the two thin-wall symmetrical pieces 2 is positioned on the width of the thin-wall box-shaped body, and a first processing gap L1 is reserved between two adjacent positioning blocks 3.
Furthermore, the side surface of the thin-wall box-shaped body is of a trapezoidal structure, and two positioning blocks 3 positioned on one side of the thin-wall box-shaped body are equal in height;
the coupling fixture further comprises a positioning surface 7, the fixing device 1 is placed on the positioning surface 7, and the driving portion 4 drives the corresponding positioning block 3 to move along the positioning surface 7 or in a direction parallel to the positioning surface 7.
In the preferred embodiment, one end of the thin-wall symmetrical part 2 is higher than the other end, the side surface of the thin-wall box-shaped body formed by the two thin-wall symmetrical parts 2 is of a trapezoidal structure, and the two positioning blocks 3 positioned on one side of the thin-wall box-shaped body are equal in height.
The coupling clamp further comprises a positioning surface 7 as an integral reference surface for the device. The fixing device 1 and the two thin-wall symmetrical pieces 2 are placed on the positioning surface 7, and the driving part 4 drives the corresponding positioning block 3 to move along the positioning surface 7 or in the direction parallel to the positioning surface 7. The positioning surface 7 can improve the integral clamping precision of the coupling clamp, and further improve the integral machining precision and welding precision of the thin-wall box body.
Further, the driving part 4 comprises a handle 8 and a link mechanism 9, one end of the link mechanism 9 is connected with the handle 8, the other end of the link mechanism 9 is connected with the positioning block 3, and the handle 8 drives the corresponding positioning block 3 to reciprocate or lift through the link mechanism 9.
Specifically, the driving portion 4 includes a handle 8 and a link mechanism 9. The handle 8 drives the corresponding positioning block 3 to do reciprocating motion back and forth far away from or close to the fixing device 1 through the connecting rod mechanism 9, or to do lifting motion relative to the reference positioning surface 7, so that the machining precision and the welding precision of the whole thin-wall box body are improved.
Further, the link mechanism 9 includes a first rotating shaft 91, a second rotating shaft 92 and a connecting portion 93, the connecting portion 93 includes two oppositely disposed side plates 931 and a vertical shaft 932, and both ends of the side plate 931 are respectively rotatably connected by a rotating shaft 933, wherein:
one end of the first rotating shaft 91 is fixedly connected with the handle 8, and the other end is rotatably connected with the adjacent rotating shaft 933; one end of the vertical shaft 932 is fixedly arranged, and the other end is pivoted with the first rotating shaft 91; one end of the second rotating shaft 92 is rotatably connected to the other rotating shaft 933, and the other end of the second rotating shaft 92 is fixedly connected to the corresponding positioning block 3.
The link mechanism 9 of the above embodiment includes the first rotating shaft 91, the second rotating shaft 92, and the connecting portion 93. Wherein: the first rotating shaft 91 is rotatably connected to the second rotating shaft 92 through a connecting portion 93.
In this embodiment, the connecting portion 93 includes two oppositely disposed side plates 931 and a vertical shaft 932, and both ends of the side plate 931 are rotatably connected by a rotating shaft 933. Specifically, two side plates 931 are arranged in parallel at intervals, two ends of each side plate 931 are rotatably connected by a rotating shaft 933, and two ends of the rotating shaft 933 are locked by fasteners. If the side plate 931 is smaller in size, the rotating shaft 933 may be connected by a bolt and a nut. One end of the vertical shaft 932 is fixedly arranged on the positioning surface 7, and the other end is fixedly connected with the first rotating shaft 91. The vertical shaft 932 is adjustable in height to accommodate thin-walled symmetrical parts 2 of different height dimensions.
When the device is installed, one end of the first rotating shaft 91 is fixedly connected with the handle 8, and the other end of the first rotating shaft is rotatably connected with the adjacent rotating shaft 933; one end of the second rotating shaft 92 is rotatably connected to the other rotating shaft 933, and the other end of the second rotating shaft 92 is fixedly connected to the corresponding positioning block 3.
Further, the fixing device 1 comprises at least one first fixing block 10 arranged on one side of the thin-wall symmetrical part 2 and at least one second fixing block 11 arranged on the other side of the thin-wall symmetrical part 2, and the distance between the first fixing block 10 and the second fixing block 11 can be adjusted to adapt to the matching size of the two thin-wall symmetrical parts 2.
In the preferred embodiment, two fixing blocks 10 are respectively disposed on two sides of the thin-wall box body along the width direction. Each fixing block 10 is fixedly connected to the positioning surface 7 in an adjustable manner by a fastener, and the structure can adapt to the positioning of thin-wall box-shaped bodies with different sizes.
The first fixing block 10 or the second fixing block 11 is respectively provided with a second processing gap L2, the second processing gap L2 is opposite to the first processing gap L1, and the second processing gap L2 is arranged from bottom to top along the height direction of the first fixing block 10 or the second fixing block 11.
In this embodiment, two fixing blocks 10 are provided, and include a first fixing block 10 and a second fixing block 11. The first fixing block 10 and the second fixing block 11 have the same structure.
The first fixed block 10 is provided with a second processing gap L2 near the overlapping area of the thin-wall symmetrical parts 2, and the second processing gap L2 is arranged from bottom to top along the height direction of the first fixed block 10. The second machining gap L2 is disposed opposite the first machining gap L1 to form a machining or welding machining region.
In another embodiment, the fixing blocks 10 can be provided in plurality, and the plurality of fixing blocks 10 respectively abut against the inner wall of the thin-wall symmetrical member 2 for defining the inner dimension of the thin-wall box-shaped body. A second machining gap L2 is reserved between the fixing blocks 10 located on the same side for machining or welding machining areas.
As shown in fig. 7 to 8, based on the coupling jig for a thin-walled box member of the above embodiment, the present invention also provides a processing method for a thin-walled box member, including:
s101, arranging the two thin-wall symmetrical parts 2 oppositely, and initially positioning the two thin-wall symmetrical parts 2 by adopting a fixing device 1;
in the embodiment, the thin-wall symmetrical part 2 is placed on a processing machine tool through a coupling clamp to be processed by machining and welding. Specifically, a numerical control machining center is taken as an example for detailed description.
And (3) oppositely placing the two thin-wall symmetrical parts 2 on a preset positioning reference surface. In this embodiment, the positioning surface 7 is set as a positioning reference surface. The fixing device 1 is arranged on the positioning surface 7, and the inner walls of the two thin-wall symmetrical pieces 2 are abutted against the fixing device 1 for primary positioning and are used for limiting the internal size of the thin-wall box-shaped body.
And the numerical control machining center performs program setting according to the machining working condition. After the thin-wall symmetrical part 2 is clamped, automatically operating a preset program, and performing machining and welding processing. Machining and welding are carried out in sequence in a coupling fixture, the constraint condition of the thin-wall symmetrical part 2 is kept unchanged in the whole process, and a good butt joint gap and smaller welding deformation can be obtained, so that the high precision of the thin-wall box-shaped body is ensured.
S102, selecting the wall thickness t according to a preset butt joint gap b of two thin-wall symmetrical parts 2 and the diameter R of a machining cutter 0 Sheet of (1), t 0 R/2-b; the thin sheet is placed in the overlapping area of the two thin-wall symmetrical pieces 2;
according to the processing precision of the thin-wall box-shaped body, a butt joint gap b of the two thin-wall symmetrical pieces 2 is preset. Selecting the wall thickness t according to the butt joint clearance b and the diameter R of the machining cutter 0 Sheet of (1), t 0 R/2-b; the sheet is placed in the overlapping area of two thin-walled symmetrical parts 2.
In this embodiment, the machining tool is a molybdenum wire, and the diameter R of the molybdenum wire is 0.18 mm. And establishing an XYZ three-dimensional coordinate system, wherein the length direction of the self-defined thin-wall box body is an X axis, the width direction is a Y axis, and the height direction is a Z axis. In the XY plane, the molybdenum wire runs from the origin "0" in the X-axis direction, and the thickness of the thin sheet is equal to the radius of the molybdenum wire-the butt gap b, i.e. t 0 0.18/2-b. The sheet is placed in the overlapping area of two thin-walled symmetrical parts 2.
S103, the driving portion 4 drives the corresponding positioning block 3 to move toward the direction close to the fixing device 1 until the two thin-walled symmetric pieces 2 stop moving when the tolerance range δ allowed by the butt gap is b ± 0.1;
in the present embodiment, the driving unit 4 is controlled by the control device to drive the corresponding positioning block 3 to move in the direction approaching the fixing device 1 until the two thin-walled symmetrical members 2 stop moving within the tolerance range δ allowed by the butt gap (0.18/2-t) 0 ) 0.1. The two thin-wall symmetrical parts 2 form a thin-wall box-shaped body, and the overlapped area is processed by a linear cutting machine through a molybdenum wire cutter.
S104, cutting from the overlapped area at one side of the two thin-wall symmetrical parts 2 to the overlapped area at the other side, wherein the diameter of a machining cutter is R;
specifically, the molybdenum wire cutter performs linear cutting from the overlapping area of one side of the two thin-wall symmetrical pieces 2 to the overlapping area of the other side, and the diameter of the machining cutter is R.
Optionally, the overlapped area of the two thin-wall symmetrical pieces 2 is machined by one-time wire cutting or multiple-time wire cutting. The first wire cutting is taken as an example for detailed description.
And (3) the molybdenum wire cutter runs from the origin '0' to the X-axis direction to perform linear cutting, and the machining allowance and the thin sheet of the overlapped area are cut off.
S105, removing machining allowance and thin slices of the thin-wall symmetrical part 2;
removing the machining allowance and the thin sheet t of the thin-wall symmetrical part 2 0 And under the condition of not dismantling the part, cleaning the butt joint area to be welded and then directly carrying out argon arc welding.
And S106, the driving part 4 drives the corresponding positioning block 3 to completely butt joint the two thin-wall symmetrical pieces 2 to form a thin-wall box-shaped body, and the butt joint gap of the two thin-wall symmetrical pieces 2 reaches a preset butt joint gap.
Specifically, the driving part 4 drives the corresponding positioning block 3 to completely butt and fix the two thin-wall symmetrical pieces 2, thereby forming a thin-wall box-shaped body. The butt joint clearance of the two thin-wall symmetrical pieces 2 reaches a preset butt joint clearance b.
After the step S106, the processing method further includes performing welding and fixing at the butt joint gap between the two thin-wall symmetrical pieces 2.
The butt-joint clearance b of the two thin-wall symmetrical pieces 2 can ensure the butt-joint clearance b for the thin-wall box-shaped body with the wall thickness t equal to 1mm 0 Standard of less than or equal to 0.3 mm.
The processing method for the thin-wall box-shaped part of the preferred embodiment adopts two thin-wall symmetrical parts 2 to process and form a thin-wall box-shaped body. The traditional process needs linear cutting to process 4 parts, and the wire moving space of a cutter is long. The processing method only needs to process the overlapping area at the position 2, the wire moving distance of the cutter is reduced by half, and the linear cutting processing efficiency is improved; the wire cutting and welding process only needs one clamping, the preparation and clamping time of each process is saved, the positioning surface and the positioning point processed by each process are consistent, the accumulated error is avoided, and the integral processing efficiency and the processing precision of the thin-wall box body are improved. Thin-walled box-shape with wall thickness t of 1mmIn particular, the processing method can ensure the welding butt joint gap b 0 Less than or equal to 0.3mm, small welding deformation and less correction workload. The consistency of butt welding gaps is high, the wire filling amount and the heat input during welding are consistent, the welding thermal deformation of the thin-wall box-shaped body is avoided, and the processing precision and efficiency of the thin-wall box-shaped body are improved.
It can be understood that the working principle and the working process of each component in the processing method of the present embodiment correspond to the content of each component in the coupling fixture, and therefore, the details are not described herein again.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. The utility model provides a coupling anchor clamps for thin wall box-shaped member processing for install two thin wall symmetry pieces that set up relatively, two thin wall symmetry piece processing formation thin wall box-shaped body, its characterized in that includes:
fixing means, abutting against the inner wall of the thin-walled symmetric piece, for defining the inner dimension of the thin-walled symmetric piece;
at least one pair of positioning blocks which are clamped with the periphery of the thin-wall symmetrical part in a matching way;
the driving parts are respectively connected with the corresponding positioning blocks and are used for driving the corresponding positioning blocks to move towards the direction close to the fixing device so as to form an accommodating space for positioning and clamping the thin-wall symmetrical piece;
the coupling fixture further comprises a positioning surface, the fixing device is placed on the positioning surface, and the driving part drives the corresponding positioning block to move along the positioning surface or in a direction parallel to the positioning surface; a gap is formed in a superposed area of the positioning surface corresponding to the joint of the two thin-wall symmetrical parts;
the two thin-wall symmetrical pieces are oppositely arranged to form a quadrilateral thin-wall box-shaped body, the coupling clamp comprises two pairs of positioning blocks, and the positioning blocks respectively clamp four corners of the two thin-wall symmetrical pieces; a first machining gap is reserved between every two adjacent positioning blocks, and the overlapped area of the connection part of the two thin-wall symmetrical pieces is positioned in the first machining gap;
the fixing device comprises at least one first fixing block arranged on one side of the thin-wall symmetrical part and at least one second fixing block arranged on the other side of the thin-wall symmetrical part; the first fixing block or the second fixing block is respectively provided with a second machining gap, and the second machining gap is opposite to the first machining gap;
the first machining gap, the second machining gap and the notch in the positioning surface are used for avoiding cutting equipment and welding equipment, so that the cutting equipment can cut the overlapped area of the joint of the two thin-wall symmetrical parts to be parallel and level, and the welding equipment can weld the two thin-wall symmetrical parts into a whole.
2. The coupling jig of claim 1, wherein the positioning block includes an inwardly curved surface for holding the thin-walled symmetrical member and an outer mounting surface connected to the driving part.
3. The coupling fixture of claim 2, wherein the side of the thin-walled box-shaped body has a trapezoidal structure, and two positioning blocks located at one side of the thin-walled box-shaped body have the same height.
4. The coupling jig of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the driving part comprises a handle and a link mechanism, one end of the link mechanism is connected with the handle, the other end of the link mechanism is connected with the positioning block, and the handle drives the corresponding positioning block to reciprocate or move up and down through the link mechanism.
5. The coupling jig of claim 4, wherein the link mechanism comprises a first rotating shaft, a second rotating shaft and a connecting portion, the connecting portion comprises two oppositely disposed side plates and a vertical shaft, two ends of the side plates are respectively rotatably connected by the rotating shafts, and wherein:
one end of the first rotating shaft is fixedly connected with the handle, and the other end of the first rotating shaft is rotatably connected with the adjacent rotating shaft; one end of the vertical shaft is fixedly arranged, and the other end of the vertical shaft is fixedly connected with the first rotating shaft; one end of the second rotating shaft is rotatably connected with the other rotating shaft, and the other end of the second rotating shaft is fixedly connected with the corresponding positioning block.
6. The coupling jig of claim 3, wherein the distance between the first anchor block and the second anchor block is adjustable to accommodate the mating dimensions of two thin-walled symmetrical members.
7. The coupling jig of claim 6, wherein the second machining gap is provided from bottom to top in a height direction of the first fixing block or the second fixing block.
8. A method for machining a thin-walled box using a coupling jig according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising:
s101, arranging two thin-wall symmetrical pieces oppositely, and initially positioning the two thin-wall symmetrical pieces by adopting a fixing device;
s102, selecting the wall thickness t according to a preset butt joint gap b of two thin-wall symmetrical parts and the diameter R of a machining cutter 0 Sheet of (1), t 0 R/2-b; the thin sheet is placed in the overlapping area of the two thin-wall symmetrical pieces;
s103, the driving part drives the corresponding positioning block to move towards the direction close to the fixing device until the two thin-wall symmetrical pieces stop moving when the allowable error range delta of the butt joint gap is b +/-0.1;
s104, cutting from the overlapped area at one side of the two thin-wall symmetrical parts to the overlapped area at the other side, wherein the diameter of the machining cutter is R;
s105, removing machining allowance and thin slices of the thin-wall symmetrical piece;
and S106, the driving part drives the corresponding positioning block to completely butt joint the two thin-wall symmetrical pieces to form a thin-wall box-shaped body, and the butt joint gap of the two thin-wall symmetrical pieces reaches a preset butt joint gap.
9. The process of claim 8 wherein,
in the step S102, the machining tool is a molybdenum wire;
the processing method further comprises the step of welding and fixing the butt joint gap of the two thin-wall symmetrical pieces.
CN202011257837.6A 2020-11-12 2020-11-12 Coupling clamp for thin-wall box-shaped part and machining method Active CN112475913B (en)

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